CN203613225U - Stirring type quenching equipment - Google Patents
Stirring type quenching equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN203613225U CN203613225U CN201320463347.0U CN201320463347U CN203613225U CN 203613225 U CN203613225 U CN 203613225U CN 201320463347 U CN201320463347 U CN 201320463347U CN 203613225 U CN203613225 U CN 203613225U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses stirring type quenching equipment which comprises a quenching box body and an electric control system for detection control on the whole equipment, wherein a rotational flow device, a flocculating flow device and a medium heating device are positioned in the quenching box body; a medium cooling system is connected with the quenching box body. When the stirring type quenching equipment works, a quenching medium forms multiple flow forms with overlapped local vortexes in the box body through four paddle stirrers, and the flow forms make upward inertia motion to generate collision and scouring with a quenching part; meanwhile, two submersible stirrers push the quenching medium to make rotational-flow motion centering on the quenching part to continuously scour the quenching part. The stirring type quenching equipment disclosed by the utility model has the characteristics of fast speed of material cooling, high hardenability, uniform heat dissipation, small distortion amount and high shape accuracy; in the quenching process, the generation of steam and bubbles is avoided, automatic control on the temperature of the quenching medium can be realized, the maximum temperature and minimum temperature of the quenching part are guaranteed, and the defects such as cracking, deformation and corner crack of the quenching part are remarkably avoided.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of quenching apparatus, particularly a kind of stirring-type quenching apparatus.
Background technology
Quenching be steel is heated to critical temperature more than, insulation for some time, then put into very soon quenching medium, its temperature is reduced suddenly, cooling rapidly to be greater than the speed of critical cooling velocity, thereby obtain the heat treating method take martensite as main unbalance microstructure.Quenching can increase intensity and the hardness of steel, but will reduce its plasticity.It is workpiece most important link in heat treatment process operation so cooling.In process of cooling, the internal microstructure of quench part can undergo phase transition.The control of speed of cooling size plays vital effect to the directed change of microstructure.Reasonably control speed of cooling and can obtain desirable tissue, reach the requirement of performance.Along with the fast development of industrial technology, market is also improving constantly the requirement of steel part performance, selects suitable speed of cooling very important to the improvement of steel part performance.In real production process, the performance of steel part itself often cannot reach the requirement of expection.Within the specific limits, speed of cooling is larger, and the temperature that phase transformation occurs to start and finish declines more obvious, and in tissue, ferritic content is also just fewer, and crystal grain can obvious refinement, and intensity and toughness aspect also can make moderate progress.---austenite is transformed into low temperature metastable phase in the process of cooling---martensite that makes high-temperature-phase in steel, speed of cooling must be greater than the critical cooling velocity of steel.
Workpiece is in the process of cooling of cold quenching, and quench part can, because of the too fast internal stress that causes of the even speed of cooling of inhomogeneous cooling, may make workpiece be out of shape to a certain extent or ftracture.Thereby to consider above-mentioned two kinds of contradictory factors, choose reasonable quenchant and the type of cooling.
Cooling stages not only makes part obtain reasonably tissue, and reach needed performance, and will keep the size and dimension precision of part, be the key link of quenching technology process.
Water-soluble quenching liquid speed of cooling is fast more a lot of than oil, all increase in steam film stage, boiling stage and convection current stage, especially the fastest in boiling stage cooling rate, therefore the transformation of austenite to perlite and bainite be can effectively avoid, martensitic stucture and a small amount of residual austenite finally obtained.It is fast a lot of that but the low temperature cold speed ratio of water-soluble quenching liquid oil is wanted, just in time in martensite range, this can increase strain cracking tendency of part, therefore, quench part that size large good for hardening capacity, must strictly control final cooling temperature, otherwise the as easy as rolling off a log generation that causes hardening crack phenomenon.All little for inclusion, gas content, chemical composition, can be directly cold uniformly compared with small dimension quench part; The forging poor for metallurgical quality, specification is larger, complex-shaped, suggestion final cooling temperature can be increased to about material Ms point, the hold-time under final cooling temperature, answers so that forging heart portion completes the structural transformation of regulation is as the criterion.
The development of quenching technology:
Because quench part surface in the time quenching is carried out heat exchange by the mode of radiation, conduction and convection with quenchant, workpiece quench media temperature around raises rapidly simultaneously, producing steam and bubble workpiece surface temperature lowers rapidly, but can not lower rapidly for heavy froging inside workpiece, can only make gradually temperature lower by heat conducting mode.For water-soluble quenching medium, stirring is a very basic processing parameter, is stirred and can be obtained different quenching intensities by adjustment.First, stirring can be shortened the steam film stage of process of cooling, improves speed of cooling, and its result has been equivalent to improve the hardening capacity of material, therefore, can obtain different quenching intensities by adjusting whipped form; Moreover stir the homogeneity that can improve quenching hardness, can delay the aging of medium simultaneously.
Realizing stirring has various ways, still, for the cooling feature of water-soluble quenching medium, should select suitable alr mode:
1, when the most original alr mode quenches exactly, rock up and down with crane (driving), but this stirring human factor is too large, does not have regularity to say, the controllability of quenched products quality is very poor.
2, stir by passing into pressurized air, in this case, because compressed-air actuated passing into may cause workpiece surface to be stained with bubble, the transmission of workpiece surface heat is exerted an influence, cooling uniformity is also difficult to guarantee.In addition, passing into of air accelerated the aging of quenchant.
3, also having part client's quenching tank is to adopt pump to stir, this fluidised form field that is stirred in formation in quench zone is laminar flow, medium is only done axially (unidirectional) motion, although local quenching intensity can reach high level, the speed of cooling of each side (pro and con) of quenching part is poor greatly.In addition, even if lift large, flow large pump is more also difficult to make the medium total movement in whole groove.Medium temperature is uncontrollable, even if large pond medium temperature also can raise again.
Heavy froging and foundry goods bear larger stress under environment under arms mostly, comprehensive mechanical property to workpiece is had relatively high expectations, the general good steel alloy of hardening capacity of selecting, as 40Cr, 50Mn, 35CrMo, 42CrMo, 40CrMnMo, 42CrMo4,34CrNiMo6,5CrNiMo, H13 (4Cr5MoSiV1) etc.For fully excavating the potentiality of material, heavy froging or foundry goods mostly need to heat-treat, and because heavy froging is all directly forged into by steel ingot, in heat treatment process, must consider the impacts of process on forging internal soundness such as smelting, ingot casting, forging.Its major influence factors has: the existence of uneven chemical components and multiple metallurgical imperfection, as segregation etc.; Coarse grains and inhomogeneous; More shrinkage cavity and porosity and inclusion; Larger forging stress.
In general, workpiece size and weight are larger, and the alloying constituent content in steel is higher, and the problem of above-mentioned existence is just more serious.If there are serious segregation, as cast condition dentrite, sulfide etc. in tissue, in the time quenching, be easy to the heat treating fault that quenching crack occurs or collapse angle, directly cause scrapping of workpiece.Therefore, heavy froging generally need be forged postheat treatment, improving forging interior tissue, eliminate forging stress, reduce hardness and improve processing characteristics, the crystal grain thinning of forging and make forging obtain good mechanical property or provide good organization condition as follow-up final thermal treatment.
Summary of the invention
The problem existing for solving above-mentioned prior art, the utility model proposes a kind of stirring-type quenching apparatus, there is material cooled speed fast, hardening capacity is high, heat radiation evenly, amount of distortion is little, the feature that form accuracy is high, and thereby the microstructure that has effectively improved material has improved the comprehensive mechanical property of part effectively, in the process of quenching, avoid the generation of water vapour and bubble, and can realize the automatization control of quench media temperature, ceiling temperature and the lower limit temperature of quench part are guaranteed, significantly avoid quench part cracking, be out of shape and collapse the generation of the defects such as angle.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is:
A kind of stirring-type quenching apparatus comprises: quenching casing 1 and whole equipment is detected to the electric control system of controlling, and wherein, swirl-flow devices, wadding flow device, medium heating device is positioned at quenching casing 1, and medium cooling system is connected with quenching casing 1.Described swirl-flow devices is made up of two submersible agitators 2, submersible agitator 2 is positioned at quenching casing 1 front and back two wall high spots, vertically be installed in quenching casing 1 by being arranged at the submersible agitator mounting seat 3 of plane on quenching casing 1, its medullary ray overlaps and is diagonal angle formal distribution with both sides, quench zone tangent line, described wadding stream device comprises that installation form is four vertical paddle stirrers 4.
Described paddle stirrer 4 be distributed in quenching casing 1 on four paddle stirrer mounting seat 5 flanges of four jiaos, plane be connected, the water screw of four paddle stirrer longitudinal end vertically inserts respectively the entrance on four vertical draft tube 6 tops that are fixed in casing four jiaos.The lower part outlet of four vertical draft tube 6 respectively be positioned at vertical draft tube 6 under four curve channelization tube 7 entrances be connected, the entrance of curve channelization tube 7 upward, outlet is 90 degree with entrance, and outlet is unified towards casing center, inertia interceptor 8 is fixed on bottom half, become the steel plate of 60 degree angles to form by two, inertia interceptor 8 forms an equilateral triangulo column with quenching casing 1 bottom surface, cylinder major axis is vertical with quenching casing 1 front and back two walls, and this cylinder is positioned at quenching casing 1 center, bottom surface.
Described medium heating device forms by being fixed on four root flange formula electric heaters 9 on plain-straight-face flange plate on quenching casing 1.
Described medium cooling system is made up of two recycle pumps 10 that are connected with quenching casing 1 by pipeline and cooling tower 11.
Described electric control system comprises switch box 12, start, stop button 13 is arranged on the control panel of switch box 12, show that with temperature also adjustable temperature regulator 14 is arranged in switch box 12 and is connected with the temperature sensor 15 that is positioned at quenching casing 1 inside, wadding stream device contactor 16 is electrically connected with switch box 12 and wadding stream device, swirl-flow devices contactor 17 is electrically connected with switch box 12 and swirl-flow devices, electric heater unit contactor 18 is electrically connected with switch box 12 and medium heating device, cooling system contactor 19 is electrically connected with switch box 12 and medium cooling system.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1, in the time quenching, the quenchant around quench part and the quench media temperature in quenching casing remain uniformity, make quenchant and quench part remain the maximum temperature difference, avoid the boiling of quenchant, accelerate the conduction of temperature, can make speed of cooling improve doubly left and right of 5-8 than the speed of cooling of normal quenching technique, effectively improve the hardening capacity of material.
2, part in the time of quench treatment temperature heat radiation evenly, quenching distortion amount is little, can be to profile accuracy requirement part and the comparatively complicated quench part of shape and structure after higher and machining process.
3, effectively improve microstructure, effectively improved the comprehensive mechanical property of part.
In the process of 4, quenching, avoided the generation of water vapour and bubble, the automatization control of quench media temperature, has guaranteed ceiling temperature and the lower limit temperature of quench part, has significantly avoided quench part cracking, has been out of shape and collapses the generation of the defects such as angle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structured flowchart of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of quenching casing.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of quenching casing.
Fig. 4 is medium cooling system schematic diagram.
In figure: 1-quenching casing, 2-submersible agitator, 3-submersible agitator mounting seat, 4-paddle agitator, 5-paddle agitator mounting seat, 6-vertical draft tube, 7-curve channelization tube, 8-inertia interceptor, 9-flange form electric heater, 10-recycle pump, 11-cooling tower, 12-switch box, 13-starts, stop button, 14-temperature regulator, 15-temperature sensor, 16-wadding stream device contactor, 17-swirl-flow devices contactor, 18-electric heater unit contactor, 19-cooling system contactor.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, structural principle of the present utility model and principle of work are described in further details.
As shown in Figure 1, structural principle of the present utility model is:
A kind of stirring-type quenching apparatus comprises: quenching casing 1 and whole equipment is detected to the electric control system of controlling, and wherein, swirl-flow devices, wadding flow device, medium heating device is positioned at quenching casing 1, and medium cooling system is connected with quenching casing 1.Described swirl-flow devices is made up of two submersible agitators 2, submersible agitator 2 is positioned at quenching casing 1 front and back two wall high spots, vertically be installed in quenching casing 1 by being arranged at the submersible agitator mounting seat 3 of plane on quenching casing 1, its medullary ray overlaps and is diagonal angle formal distribution with both sides, quench zone tangent line, and described wadding stream device comprises that installation form is four vertical paddle stirrers 4.
Described paddle stirrer 4 be distributed in quenching casing 1 on four paddle stirrer mounting seat 5 flanges of four jiaos, plane be connected, the water screw of four paddle stirrer longitudinal end vertically inserts respectively the entrance on four vertical draft tube 6 tops that are fixed in casing four jiaos.The lower part outlet of four vertical draft tube 6 respectively be positioned at vertical draft tube 6 under four curve channelization tube 7 entrances be connected, the entrance of curve channelization tube 7 upward, outlet is 90 degree with entrance, and outlet is unified towards casing center, inertia interceptor 8 is fixed on bottom half, become the steel plate of 60 degree angles to form by two, inertia interceptor 8 forms an equilateral triangulo column with quenching casing 1 bottom surface, cylinder major axis is vertical with quenching casing 1 front and back two walls, and this cylinder is positioned at quenching casing 1 center, bottom surface.
Described medium heating device forms by being fixed on four root flange formula electric heaters 9 on plain-straight-face flange plate on quenching casing 1.
Described medium cooling system is made up of two recycle pumps 10 that are connected with quenching casing 1 by pipeline and cooling tower 11.
Described electric control system comprises switch box 12, start, stop button 13 is arranged on the control panel of switch box 12, show that with temperature also adjustable temperature regulator 14 is arranged in switch box 12 and is connected with the temperature sensor 15 that is positioned at quenching casing 1 inside, wadding stream device contactor 16 is electrically connected with switch box 12 and wadding stream device, swirl-flow devices contactor 17 is electrically connected with switch box 12 and swirl-flow devices, electric heater unit contactor 18 is electrically connected with switch box 12 and medium heating device, cooling system contactor 19 is electrically connected with switch box 12 and medium cooling system.
Principle of work of the present utility model is:
Before quench part is put into quenching casing 1, by opened by four paddle stirrers 4 and two submersible agitators 2 that start, stop button 13 is controlled simultaneously.Four paddle stirrers 4 are by the water screw high-speed rotation of driven by motor axle head, thereby produce huge thrust by quenchant from the enforceable bottom of pushing vertical draft tube 6 to, top of vertical draft tube 6, quenchant enters import and exports the curve channelization tube 7 for an angle of 90 degrees, then quenchant is from the outlet ejection of curve channelization tube, flow to the inertia interceptor 8 of bottom half, quenchant under very big thrust due to the flow-disturbing effect of inertia interceptor 8, upwards doing inertia flows, thereby 1 forms the flow-pattern that many local waddings flow in quenching box, in the time that quench part is put into casing, the flow-pattern of these stacks moves up to quench zone and quench part bumps, wash away.Be arranged on and be positioned at casing both sides, below quenchant liquid level, quenching region two tangential position the huge thrust that produces by blade rotary of two submersible agitators 2, promote quenching region quenchant around and do rotation round motion, thereby make quenchant centered by quench zone, form the motion morphology of eddy flow, make it constantly around quench part, it to be washed away.Can make like this quench part quenchant around mutually mix with the quenchant in casing, make quench media temperature be tending towards in real time uniform temperature, reduce the generation of water vapour and bubble, thereby improve to a great extent the speed of cooling of quench part, make heat evenly conduction in quenchant of quench part, reduce the deformation extent of quench part and guarantee the dimensional precision of quench part.
The level signal that the temperature sensor 15 of quenching casing 1 inside is exported is received and converts to real-time temperature data by temperature regulator 14, shows in real time by the LCD liquid crystal display on temperature regulator 14 control panels.In the time that quenching workpiece is had to higher requirement to the final cooling temperature quenching, can be by setting the bound temperature of quenchant on the control panel of temperature regulator 14, guarantee the final cooling temperature of quench part and prevent that the temperature of quenchant from raising.When water temperature higher than set ceiling temperature time, the upper temperature limit temperature signal output terminal of temperature regulator 14, by signal cable to cooling system contactor 19 signals, make the three-phase supply closing of contact of cooling system contactor 19, the recycle pump 10 being connected with quenching casing 1 and cooling tower 11 by pipeline starts, and mandatory being circulated to after cooling tower 11 reduces water temperature of quenchant flowed in quenching casing 1 again.When water temperature lower than set lower limit temperature time, the lowest temperature temperature signal output terminal of temperature regulator 14 is crossed signal cable to electric heater unit contactor 19 signals, make the three-phase supply closing of contact of electric heater unit contactor 19, the four root flange formula electric heaters 9 that are arranged on quenching casing 1 start, the heat energy that is by electric energy conversion, increases the temperature of quenchant.In the time that quench media temperature equals design temperature, the signal of temperature regulator 14 bound temperature output terminals stops output, and electric heating system or medium cooling system stop.
By controlling the final cooling temperature of quench part, can prevent quench part because of the excessively cold distortion causing and collapse angle, improve dimensional precision and the yield rate of quench part.
Claims (5)
1. a stirring-type quenching apparatus, it is characterized in that: comprise quenching casing (1) and whole equipment is detected to the electric control system of controlling, wherein, swirl-flow devices, wadding stream device, medium heating device are positioned at quenching casing (1), and medium cooling system is connected with quenching casing (1); Described swirl-flow devices is made up of two submersible agitators (2), submersible agitator (2) is positioned at quenching casing (1) front and back two wall high spots, vertically be installed in quenching casing (1) by the submersible agitator mounting seat (3) that is arranged at the upper plane of quenching casing (1), its medullary ray overlaps and is diagonal angle formal distribution with both sides, quench zone tangent line, and described wadding stream device comprises that installation form is vertical four paddle stirrers (4).
2. a kind of stirring-type quenching apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described paddle stirrer (4) is connected with four paddle stirrer mounting seat (5) flange that is distributed in four jiaos, the upper plane of quenching casing (1), and the water screw of four paddle stirrer longitudinal end vertically inserts respectively the entrance on four vertical draft tube (6) top that is fixed on interior four jiaos of casing, the lower part outlet of four vertical draft tube (6) respectively be positioned at vertical draft tube (6) under four curve channelization tubes (7) entrance be connected, the entrance of curve channelization tube (7) upward, outlet is 90 degree with entrance, and outlet is unified towards casing center, inertia interceptor (8) is fixed on bottom half, become the steel plate of 60 degree angles to form by two, inertia interceptor (8) forms an equilateral triangulo column with quenching casing (1) bottom surface, cylinder major axis is vertical with two walls before and after quenching casing (1), and this cylinder is positioned at center, quenching casing (1) bottom surface.
3. a kind of stirring-type quenching apparatus as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described medium heating device is made up of the four root flange formula electric heaters (9) that are fixed on the upper plain-straight-face flange plate of quenching casing (1).
4. a kind of stirring-type quenching apparatus as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: described medium cooling system is made up of two recycle pumps (10) that are connected with quenching casing (1) by pipeline and cooling tower (11).
5. a kind of stirring-type quenching apparatus as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described electric control system comprises switch box (12), start, stop button (13) is arranged on the control panel of switch box (12), show and adjustable temperature regulator (14) is arranged on temperature sensor (15) inner in switch box (12) and with being positioned at quenching casing (1) and is connected with temperature, wadding stream device contactor (16) is electrically connected with switch box (12) and wadding stream device, swirl-flow devices contactor (17) is electrically connected with switch box (12) and swirl-flow devices, electric heater unit contactor (18) is electrically connected with switch box (12) and medium heating device, cooling system contactor (19) is electrically connected with switch box (12) and medium cooling system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320463347.0U CN203613225U (en) | 2013-07-31 | 2013-07-31 | Stirring type quenching equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320463347.0U CN203613225U (en) | 2013-07-31 | 2013-07-31 | Stirring type quenching equipment |
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| CN203613225U true CN203613225U (en) | 2014-05-28 |
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| CN201320463347.0U Expired - Fee Related CN203613225U (en) | 2013-07-31 | 2013-07-31 | Stirring type quenching equipment |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104388648A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-03-04 | 天津市热处理研究所有限公司 | Device and method for controlling constant temperature and constant flow of cooling liquid in quenching tank |
| CN105177239A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-23 | 舞钢国能中泰重工有限公司 | Quenching cooling pond |
| CN106967873A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-07-21 | 江苏石川岛丰东真空技术有限公司 | A kind of heat treatment quenches oil cooling system with vacuum drying oven |
| CN113512633A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-10-19 | 长春电子科技学院 | Intelligent water circulating device for heat treatment |
| CN116124830A (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-05-16 | 季华实验室 | Cooling performance testing device for cooling medium |
-
2013
- 2013-07-31 CN CN201320463347.0U patent/CN203613225U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104388648A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-03-04 | 天津市热处理研究所有限公司 | Device and method for controlling constant temperature and constant flow of cooling liquid in quenching tank |
| CN105177239A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-23 | 舞钢国能中泰重工有限公司 | Quenching cooling pond |
| CN106967873A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-07-21 | 江苏石川岛丰东真空技术有限公司 | A kind of heat treatment quenches oil cooling system with vacuum drying oven |
| CN106967873B (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2019-05-10 | 江苏石川岛丰东真空技术有限公司 | A kind of heat treatment vacuum drying oven quenching oil cooling system |
| CN113512633A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-10-19 | 长春电子科技学院 | Intelligent water circulating device for heat treatment |
| CN113512633B (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2022-09-06 | 长春电子科技学院 | Intelligent water circulating device for heat treatment |
| CN116124830A (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-05-16 | 季华实验室 | Cooling performance testing device for cooling medium |
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