A kind of energy-saving refrigerating device
Technical field
The utility model belongs to technical field of refrigerating devices, is specifically related to a kind of energy-saving refrigerating device.
Background technology
The refrigerating plants such as air-conditioner, refrigerator, refrigerator, industrial refrigeration unit are mainly comprised of compressor, condenser, throttle mechanism, evaporimeter etc. conventionally.Wherein, compressor is the nucleus equipment in refrigeration system, only has by it and converts electrical energy into mechanical power, and low-temp low-pressure gaseous refrigerant boil down to high temperature and high pressure gas, what guarantee freezed loops.
Nowadays, these refrigerating plants are very extensive in the application of every field, such device need to adapt to different operating modes, because environment temperature is often to change, therefore the refrigeration compressor most of the time is in part load condition (many places are in 75%~50% fractional load state), thereby causes the energy consumption of refrigerating plant high.Therefore, how improving the Energy Efficiency Ratio of refrigeration compressor, thereby reduce the energy consumption of refrigeration plant, is the popular problem of being very concerned about.
The energy adjustment mode of commonly using at present refrigeration compressor mainly contains following several: the adjusting of varying capacity bypass, multi-machine parallel connection operation adjusting, frequency control adjusting, gear speed governing adjusting, guiding valve regulate, control suction adjusting etc.
It is to belong to the regulative mode that changes compressor rotary speed that wherein frequency control adjusting, gear speed governing regulate, and is to be the most energy-conservation mode at present.
But these two kinds of modes of speed regulation exist some shortcomings.
The deficiency of frequency control regulative mode:
1, cost is high, especially high-power high voltage frequency converter, and the at present main dependence on import of required IGBT constant power assembly, holds at high price.
2, because frequency converter itself has energy consumption, so efficiency is not high: frequency converter need adopt PWM by 50Hz alternating current conversion direct current, and then the inversion alternating current that is different frequency, in twice conversion, certainly lead to energy consumption and higher hamonic wave.At present, the fundamental frequency efficiency of high-efficiency frequency conversion device is 93-96%, and harmonic losses is 3%, and overall efficiency is also just at 90-93%.
3, higher hamonic wave is disturbed: the inevitable higher hamonic wave of frequency converter causes adverse effect by the electrical network to its access and motor, expressly requirement of national grid, and its input higher hamonic wave must not be higher than 5% of its fundamental frequency.Its output termination motor, can cause the high-voltage pulse on motor winding, destroys its insulation, increases heating, vibration and noise.
4, reliability reduces: the reliability of frequency converter, particularly high voltage converter itself is not very too high, to environment dust, static, heat radiation etc., requires high.Adjustable frequency motor winding is subject to high-voltage pulse effect, and insulation easily punctures, and generally, while using frequency control, must match with adjustable frequency motor, otherwise the life-span reduces.
The deficiency of gear speed governing regulative mode:
1, use the friction pair kind of drive (as CVT), although can realize, infinitely variable speeds efficiency is low, poor reliability, to using torque restricted, uses power not high, and cost of manufacture is high.
2, use axis gear transmission mode (as AT, AMT), can not realize infinitely variable speeds, velocity variations scope is little, and transfer motion power interrupts when velocity variations, speed switching mechanism complexity, and overall efficiency is not high.
3, use AT gear shift mode, can not realize infinitely variable speeds, velocity variations scope is little, and when speed change, power transmission still can not completely realize and not interrupting, and cost of manufacture is high.
Therefore adopt gear, cannot resolve the problems such as stepless speed regulation, power is large, variable-speed dynamic does not interrupt, efficiency is high, cost of manufacture is low simultaneously, cause its scope of application restricted.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is for above-mentioned prior art present situation, and the energy-saving refrigerating device that a kind of energy consumption is low, safe and reliable, cost is low, the scope of application is wide is provided.
The utility model solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: a kind of energy-saving refrigerating device, comprise compressor, condenser, throttle mechanism, evaporimeter and main motor, described compressor is connected with described condenser, described condenser is connected with described throttle mechanism, described throttle mechanism is connected with described evaporimeter, described evaporimeter is connected with described compressor, between described main motor and described compressor, be provided with planetary gear mechanism, described planetary gear mechanism comprises sun gear, planet carrier and external toothing, on described sun gear, be provided with the first power transmission shaft, on described planet carrier, be provided with second driving shaft, on described external toothing, be provided with the 3rd power transmission shaft, the first described power transmission shaft, described second driving shaft and any two power transmission shafts in described three power transmission shafts of the 3rd power transmission shaft are connected with described main motor and described compressor respectively, the first described power transmission shaft, a remaining power transmission shaft in described second driving shaft and described three power transmission shafts of the 3rd power transmission shaft is connected with auxiliary motor.
Further:
Described compressor is preferably the one in double-screw compressor, single screw compressor, scroll compressor.
Described main motor is preferably constant-seed motor, and described auxiliary motor is preferably buncher.
Described auxiliary motor power is preferably 1/8~1/3 of described main motor current.
Described main motor is preferably the three-phase AC asynchronous motor of high and low pressure, and described auxiliary motor is preferably low-voltage variable frequency speed-regulating three-phase asynchronous motor.
The utility model is for the deficiency of carrying out refrigeration compressor energy adjustment mode in prior art by frequency control, gear speed governing regulative mode, by planetary gear mechanism, be connected with compressor and main motor, auxiliary motor respectively, by main motor, auxiliary motor, compressor power is provided and changes compressor rotary speed, wherein main motor speed is constant, bears main transmission power; Regulate auxiliary motor rotating speed, realize compressor rotary speed and change, thereby realize the adjusting to refrigeration compressor energy, have that energy consumption is low, safe and reliable, cost is low, high-power advantage.
Compressor described in the utility model for likely for the compressor of refrigeration unit, preferable volume type compressor or velocity profile centrifugal compressor; Displacement type compressor is preferably the one in double-screw compressor, single screw compressor, reciprocating-piston compressor, scroll compressor and rolling rotor compressor.The preferred centrifugal compressor of velocity profile compressor.Compressor described in the utility model is the one in double-screw compressor, single screw compressor, scroll compressor more preferably.
Main motor described in the utility model can be selected the conventional motor in this area, is preferably the three-phase AC asynchronous motor of high and low pressure.
Auxiliary motor described in the utility model can be selected the conventional variable-speed motor in this area, and described auxiliary motor is preferably low-voltage variable frequency speed-regulating three-phase asynchronous motor, more preferably low-voltage variable frequency speed governing three-phase AC asynchronous motor.
Planetary gear mechanism described in the utility model can be selected the planetary gear mechanism that mechanical field is conventional, is preferably the one in single planetary gear mechanism, twin-stage planetary gear mechanism.
The planetary gear mechanism that mechanical field is conventional is coupled to each other and is formed by single or multiple planetary gear machinery, and its operation principle is:
In planetary gear mechanism, three basic building blocks (sun gear, external toothing, planet carrier) can be according to transmission requirement, and optionally wherein two members are as input component (being power shaft), and another is output (being output shaft).In three power transmission shafts of the utility model planetary gear mechanism, have two power shafts and an output shaft, two power shafts are connected with main motor, auxiliary motor respectively, and output shaft is connected with compressor.According to epicyclic transmission mechanism kinematical equation:
ωa+p*ωb-(1+p)ωH=0
(wherein ω a, ω b, ω H are respectively the rotating speeds of sun gear, external toothing, planet carrier)
Known wherein two speed when these three basic building blocks are definite, and the 3rd speed is just determined so.Therefore speed governing of the present utility model is exactly the fixing main motor speed being connected with one of them power shaft, changes the auxiliary motor rotation speed change being connected with another power shaft, realizes the rotation speed change of output shaft.Control the power of main and auxiliary motor well, can make to reduce as much as possible in order to the auxiliary motor power of speed governing, to reduce for the input of speed change conditioning equipment, improve reliability, to raise the efficiency.
Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following advantage:
1, transmission efficiency is high, energy consumption is low, the utility model adopts auxiliary motor speed governing to realize planetary gear mechanism speed change, because its power only has 1/8~1/3 of main motor current, produce that humorous wave interference does not have or very little, compared with traditional frequency conversion speed governing, under identical transmitted power, the transducer power of its use is low, and efficiency is higher, and the highest overall efficiency can reach 99%, and during load reduction, energy-saving effect is more obvious;
2, safe and reliable, the main body of the utility model planetary gear mechanism used is machine driving, and in speed regulation process, transmitting torque can be realized uninterruptedly, and in use safe and reliable, the life-span is long; The reliability of main motor is far above adjustable frequency motor; Auxiliary motor adopts low pressure small-power, compared with adjustable frequency motor, and better reliability; Due to simple in structure, reliability is higher compared with the gearbox of friction pair transmission or gear;
3, cost is low, compared with traditional frequency conversion speed governing, and without expensive high voltage converter, and without the filter apparatus that uses complex and expensive.Compared with the mechanical gear boxes such as friction pair, axis gear, AT or gear, structure is simpler, and cost of manufacture is lower;
4, transmitted power is large, applied range, transmitted power of the present utility model can be unrestricted, far above friction pair transmission mechanism, although and frequency control is also unrestricted in theory, due to its high voltage reliability problem, its application is subject to great restriction;
5, can realize infinitely variable speeds, there is the soft start function that gearbox or gear do not possess, can greatly reduce main motor allocating power, further reduce costs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is planetary gear mechanism structural representation of the present utility model.
In figure, compressor 1, main motor 2, auxiliary motor 3, planetary gear mechanism 4, condenser 5, throttle mechanism 6, evaporimeter 7, sun gear 8, planet carrier 9, external toothing 10.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is explained in further detail, but the utility model is not limited in described embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, a kind of energy-saving refrigerating device, comprise compressor 1, condenser 5, throttle mechanism 6, evaporimeter 7 and main motor 2, compressor 1 is connected with condenser 5, condenser 5 is connected with throttle mechanism 6, throttle mechanism 6 is connected with evaporimeter 7, evaporimeter 7 is connected with compressor 1, between main motor 2 and compressor 1, be provided with planetary gear mechanism 4, planetary gear mechanism 4 comprises sun gear 8, planet carrier 9 and external toothing 10, on sun gear 8, be provided with the first power transmission shaft, on planet carrier 9, be provided with second driving shaft, on external toothing 10, be provided with the 3rd power transmission shaft, the first power transmission shaft is connected with auxiliary motor 3, the 3rd power transmission shaft is connected with main motor 2, second driving shaft is connected with compressor 1.Wherein, compressor 1 adopts double-screw compressor, main motor 2 adopts the threephase asynchronous of high and low pressure, auxiliary motor 3(power be main motor 2 power 1/3) adopt low-voltage variable frequency speed governing three-phase AC asynchronous motor, planetary gear mechanism 4 adopts twin-stage planetary gear mechanism, the first power transmission shaft and the 3rd power transmission shaft are power shaft, and second driving shaft is output shaft.Main motor 2 power frequency constant-speed operations.Auxiliary motor 3 carries out speed adjusting by control system.Double-screw compressor suction pressure, or refrigerant temperature by sensor by input program signal controller.Cyclelog is according to adjusting pressure or the temperature value set, and with the deviation of actual pressure or temperature value, output regulates the instruction of double-screw compressor energy adjustment.Auxiliary motor 3 control systems are accepted after instruction, regulate auxiliary motor 3 rotating speeds, and auxiliary motor 3 output speeds improve or reduce, and realize double-screw compressor and carry out adjusting energy by rotation speed change.Also can manually regulate auxiliary motor 3 rotating speeds by cyclelog, change double-screw compressor rotational speed regulation energy.
Embodiment 2
As Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, a kind of energy-saving refrigerating device, comprise compressor 1, condenser 5, throttle mechanism 6, evaporimeter 7 and main motor 2, compressor 1 is connected with condenser 5, condenser 5 is connected with throttle mechanism 6, throttle mechanism 6 is connected with evaporimeter 7, evaporimeter 7 is connected with compressor 1, between main motor 2 and compressor 1, be provided with planetary gear mechanism 4, planetary gear mechanism 4 comprises sun gear 8, planet carrier 9 and external toothing 10, on sun gear 8, be provided with the first power transmission shaft, on planet carrier 9, be provided with second driving shaft, on external toothing 10, be provided with the 3rd power transmission shaft, the first power transmission shaft is connected with auxiliary motor 3, second driving shaft is connected with main motor 2, the 3rd power transmission shaft is connected with compressor 1.Wherein, compressor 1 adopts single screw compressor, main motor 2 adopts the threephase asynchronous of high and low pressure, auxiliary motor 3(power be main motor 2 power 1/5) adopt low-voltage variable frequency speed governing three-phase AC asynchronous motor, planetary gear mechanism 4 adopts twin-stage planetary gear mechanism, the first power transmission shaft and second driving shaft are power shaft, and the 3rd power transmission shaft is output shaft.Main motor 2 power frequency constant-speed operations.Auxiliary motor 3 carries out speed adjusting by control system.Single screw compressor suction pressure, or refrigerant temperature by sensor by input program signal controller.Cyclelog is according to adjusting pressure or the temperature value set, and with the deviation of actual pressure or temperature value, output regulates the instruction of single screw compressor energy adjustment.Auxiliary motor 3 control systems are accepted after instruction, regulate auxiliary motor 3 rotating speeds, and auxiliary motor 3 output speeds improve or reduce, and realize single screw compressor and carry out adjusting energy by rotation speed change.Also can manually regulate auxiliary motor 3 rotating speeds by cyclelog, change single screw compressor rotational speed regulation energy.
Embodiment 3
As Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, a kind of energy-saving refrigerating device, comprise compressor 1, condenser 5, throttle mechanism 6, evaporimeter 7 and main motor 2, compressor 1 is connected with condenser 5, condenser 5 is connected with throttle mechanism 6, throttle mechanism 6 is connected with evaporimeter 7, evaporimeter 7 is connected with compressor 1, between main motor 2 and compressor 1, be provided with planetary gear mechanism 4, planetary gear mechanism 4 comprises sun gear 8, planet carrier 9 and external toothing 10, on sun gear 8, be provided with the first power transmission shaft, on planet carrier 9, be provided with second driving shaft, on external toothing 10, be provided with the 3rd power transmission shaft, , second driving shaft is connected with auxiliary motor 3, the first power transmission shaft is connected with main motor 2, the 3rd power transmission shaft is connected with compressor 1.Wherein, compressor 1 adopts single screw compressor, main motor 2 adopts the threephase asynchronous of high and low pressure, auxiliary motor 3(power be main motor 2 power 1/6) adopt low-voltage variable frequency speed governing three-phase AC asynchronous motor, planetary gear mechanism 4 adopts single planetary gear mechanism, the first power transmission shaft and second driving shaft are power shaft, and the 3rd power transmission shaft is output shaft.Main motor 2 power frequency constant-speed operations.Auxiliary motor 3 carries out speed adjusting by control system.Single screw compressor suction pressure, or refrigerant temperature by sensor by input program signal controller.Cyclelog is according to adjusting pressure or the temperature value set, and with the deviation of actual pressure or temperature value, output regulates the instruction of single screw compressor energy adjustment.Auxiliary motor 3 control systems are accepted after instruction, regulate auxiliary motor 3 rotating speeds, and auxiliary motor 3 output speeds improve or reduce, and realize single screw compressor and carry out adjusting energy by rotation speed change.Also can manually regulate auxiliary motor 3 rotating speeds by cyclelog, change single screw compressor rotational speed regulation energy.
Embodiment 4
As Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, a kind of energy-saving refrigerating device, comprise compressor 1, condenser 5, throttle mechanism 6, evaporimeter 7 and main motor 2, compressor 1 is connected with condenser 5, condenser 5 is connected with throttle mechanism 6, throttle mechanism 6 is connected with evaporimeter 7, evaporimeter 7 is connected with compressor 1, between main motor 2 and compressor 1, be provided with planetary gear mechanism 4, planetary gear mechanism 4 comprises sun gear 8, planet carrier 9 and external toothing 10, on sun gear 8, be provided with the first power transmission shaft, on planet carrier 9, be provided with second driving shaft, on external toothing 10, be provided with the 3rd power transmission shaft, , second driving shaft is connected with auxiliary motor 3, the 3rd power transmission shaft is connected with main motor 2, the first power transmission shaft is connected with compressor 1.Wherein, compressor 1 adopts single screw compressor, main motor 2 adopts the threephase asynchronous of high and low pressure, auxiliary motor 3(power be main motor 2 power 1/8) adopt low-voltage variable frequency speed governing three-phase AC asynchronous motor, planetary gear mechanism 4 adopts single planetary gear mechanism, the 3rd power transmission shaft and second driving shaft are power shaft, and the first power transmission shaft is output shaft.Main motor 2 power frequency constant-speed operations.Auxiliary motor 3 carries out speed adjusting by control system.Single screw compressor suction pressure, or refrigerant temperature by sensor by input program signal controller.Cyclelog is according to adjusting pressure or the temperature value set, and with the deviation of actual pressure or temperature value, output regulates the instruction of single screw compressor energy adjustment.Auxiliary motor 3 control systems are accepted after instruction, regulate auxiliary motor 3 rotating speeds, and auxiliary motor 3 output speeds improve or reduce, and realize single screw compressor and carry out adjusting energy by rotation speed change.Also can manually regulate auxiliary motor 3 rotating speeds by cyclelog, change single screw compressor rotational speed regulation energy.
Embodiment 5
As Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, a kind of energy-saving refrigerating device, comprise compressor 1, condenser 5, throttle mechanism 6, evaporimeter 7 and main motor 2, compressor 1 is connected with condenser 5, condenser 5 is connected with throttle mechanism 6, throttle mechanism 6 is connected with evaporimeter 7, evaporimeter 7 is connected with compressor 1, between main motor 2 and compressor 1, be provided with planetary gear mechanism 4, planetary gear mechanism 4 comprises sun gear 8, planet carrier 9 and external toothing 10, on sun gear 8, be provided with the first power transmission shaft, on planet carrier 9, be provided with second driving shaft, on external toothing 10, be provided with the 3rd power transmission shaft, , the 3rd power transmission shaft is connected with auxiliary motor 3, the first power transmission shaft is connected with main motor 2, second driving shaft is connected with compressor 1.Wherein, compressor 1 adopts scroll compressor, main motor 2 adopts the threephase asynchronous of high and low pressure, auxiliary motor 3(power be main motor 2 power 1/5) adopt low-voltage variable frequency speed governing three-phase AC asynchronous motor, planetary gear mechanism 4 adopts twin-stage planetary gear mechanism, the 3rd power transmission shaft and the first power transmission shaft are power shaft, and second driving shaft is output shaft.Main motor 2 power frequency constant-speed operations.Auxiliary motor 3 carries out speed adjusting by control system.Scroll compressor suction pressure, or refrigerant temperature by sensor by input program signal controller.Cyclelog is according to adjusting pressure or the temperature value set, and with the deviation of actual pressure or temperature value, output regulates the instruction of scroll compressor energy adjustment.Auxiliary motor 3 control systems are accepted after instruction, regulate auxiliary motor 3 rotating speeds, and auxiliary motor 3 output speeds improve or reduce, and realize scroll compressor and carry out adjusting energy by rotation speed change.Also can manually regulate auxiliary motor 3 rotating speeds by cyclelog, change scroll compressor rotational speed regulation energy.