CN203561567U - Plant twig anti-embolism evaluation instrument - Google Patents
Plant twig anti-embolism evaluation instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN203561567U CN203561567U CN201320567968.3U CN201320567968U CN203561567U CN 203561567 U CN203561567 U CN 203561567U CN 201320567968 U CN201320567968 U CN 201320567968U CN 203561567 U CN203561567 U CN 203561567U
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- embolism
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a plant twig anti-embolism evaluation instrument which comprises a cavitation embolism device, a moisture conduction device, an electronic scale and the like which are integrated together. Hydraulic power conduction of twigs and cavitation embolism simulation of the twigs are organically combined, a series of gas pressure is applied to the twigs by using a cavitation embolism simulation device, so as to simulate the moisture conduction velocity of the twigs after different cavitation embolisms are formed, moisture conduction vulnerability curves of the twigs are drawn, the plant vulnerability curves are compared so as to reflect the drought adaptive capacity of plants. The instrument is convenient to operate, data can be automatically recorded, and basis and powerful methods are provided for study on the drought adaptive mechanism.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of evaluation instrument, specifically refers to a kind of plant branch embolism resistance evaluation instrument.
Background technology
The branch xylem of green plants is that the moisture of root absorption is to the main thoroughfare of blade and the transportation of other organ pipe.Under suitable condition, the ability of plants shoots transportation moisture is stronger, and leaves of plants photosynthetic capacity is stronger, and fixing assimilation products is more; The ability that under environment stress, the anti-air pocket of plants shoots occurs is stronger, and its ability that maintains waterpower conduction is also stronger, and plant drought adaptability is just better.
Under drought stress, with the continuous decrease of plant water potential, branch cavitation measuring instrument embolism degree can be more and more serious, and this is to realize the most general method of plants shoots air pocket embolism.But the method generally needs within 1-2 month, to continue to follow the tracks of, and could obtain partial data, consumes a large amount of time and efforts of researcher.For raising the efficiency, researchist has developed a kind of centrifugal device of simulating cavitation measuring instrument, and its principle is that the plants shoots of certain length is fixed on hydro-extractor, high speed centrifugation under certain rotating speed, by centrifugal force, branch is produced to certain pressure, branch conduit generation air pocket embolism; Centrifugal rotational speed is higher, and the centrifugal force of generation is larger, and the pressure that branch bears is larger, and conduit air pocket embolism degree is more serious.After branch air pocket embolism has been simulated, measure moisture conduction velocity.Measuring principle is: branch (~ 50cm) under certain head pressure is measured branch moisture conduction velocity (K
simulate), (100 ~ 180KPa) cleaning down branch under high-pressure water head, makes air pocket embolism conduit recover moisture conduction function afterwards, then (~ 50cm) lower maximum moisture conduction velocity (K that measures branch under identical head pressure
max), the moisture conduction velocity of branch is branch moisture conduction loss rate (PLC=K with the ratio of maximum moisture conduction velocity
simulate/ K
max* 100%).
Due to plant can there is air pocket embolism in xylem vessel under certain negative pressure, branch is applied to certain gaseous tension, can result under drought stress or the centrifugal force lower identical air pocket embolism effect of exerting pressure, therefore branch being applied to gaseous tension generation air pocket embolism is the effective way of simulating plant drought stress, but this device not yet develops at present.On the other hand, the device of the mensuration branch moisture conduction that develop voluntarily in laboratory both at home and abroad is at present simple, branch air pocket embolism analogue means and branch moisture conduction device is not combined, and forms a holonomic system.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of plants shoots air pocket embolism simulation and moisture conduction to evaluate instrument.By branch is applied to gaseous tension, make plants shoots generation air pocket embolism, thereby the arid of simulating nature circle plants shoots occurs, afterwards under ~ 50cm head pressure, measure branch High-Pressure Water (100 ~ 180KPa) and rinse moisture conduction velocity before and afterwards, thereby determine plant xylem moisture conduction loss rate and embolism degree under certain gaseous tension.By applying a series of pressure, obtain the xylem moisture conduction loss rate value that a series of branches are corresponding, draw branch moisture conduction vulnerability curve, evaluate the embolism resistance ability of plant, i.e. drought adaptation ability.
The purpose of this utility model is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Plant branch embolism resistance is evaluated an instrument, mainly simulation air pocket embolization device, hollow steel pipe, regulation and control pressure valve, elevated pressure nitrogen gas tank, high service device, the anti-high pressure water bag of dress KCL solution, dress KCL solution water bag 7, transparent plastic water pipe 8, three-way valve, branch piecing devices, electronic balance, graduated cylinder, data line, notebook computer, consists of.Hollow steel pipe connects simulation air pocket embolization device side by side, and simulation air pocket embolization device is connected with the regulation and control pressure valve of high pressure nitrogen tank top by hollow steel pipe; Regulation and control pressure valve is connected with high service device by hollow steel pipe, high service device inside is equipped with the anti-high pressure water bag of dress KCL solution, transparent plastic water pipe is communicated with the anti-high pressure water bag of dress KCL solution by three-way valve one end, one end is communicated with dress KCL solution water bag, and the other end is connected with left side branch piecing devices; After the branch piecing devices of the connected right side of transparent plastic water pipe, through the cloche of electronic balance, its end immerses in the KCL solution of graduated cylinder, and graduated cylinder is placed on electronic balance, and electronic balance is connected with computer by data line.
Above-mentioned simulation air pocket embolization device is to consist of one group of 1# stainless steel hollow bolt, 1# stainless steel hollow nut and 1# hollow rubber.Simulation air pocket embolization device 1# stainless steel hollow bolt two ends are embedded with respectively 1# hollow rubber, and 1# stainless steel hollow nut is tightened in the external thread of 1# stainless steel hollow bolt two ends by internal thread rotation.
Above-mentioned high service device is the canister that bears 200 KPa, in the groove of the high pressure KCL solution feedway container cap on high service device, be embedded with hollow rubber packing ring, rustless steel container nut internal thread screws in the external thread of high pressure KCL solution feedway container cap groove.
Above-mentioned branch piecing devices comprise 2# stainless steel hollow bolt, 2# stainless steel hollow nut and 2# hollow rubber, 2# hollow rubber embeds in 2# stainless steel hollow bolt, and 2# stainless steel hollow nut internal thread screws in the external thread of 2# stainless steel hollow bolt.
The utility model is compared and is had advantages of with the technology of branch moisture evaluation appts with existing branch moisture conduction technique scheme:
1, the utility model, according to the structure of plants shoots and Water Transportation principle, integrates air pocket embolism gasifying device, moisture conduction device, electronic balance etc., and the conduction of branch waterpower and branch air pocket embolism are simulated to the two combination.Utilize air pocket embolism analogue means, branch is applied to a series of gaseous tension, form after different air pocket embolisms, measure the moisture conduction velocity of branch, draw branch moisture conduction vulnerability curve.Plant vulnerability curve is compared, disclose the drought adaptation ability between plant;
2, the high service device of existing instrument is improved, thereby have influence on the cleaning down to branch air pocket embolism conduit after avoiding under high pressure gas soluble in water;
3, the utility model is connected with moisture conduction evaluation instrument plants shoots air pocket embolism with electronic balance, electronic balance conducts real-time data transmission by moisture at regular intervals to be preserved to notebook computer, improved the accuracy of data, alleviate hand labor amount, operate more humane and rationalize.
4, this practicality is easy to operate, to data record automatically, meets experimental apparatus standard and demand, will be plant drought adaptation ability, and the research of drought adaptation mechanism lays the foundation and announcement means is provided.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 air pocket embolism analogue means structural representation.
Fig. 3 is Fig. 1 100 ~ 180KPa high service apparatus container cap structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is Fig. 1 branch piecing devices schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is branch moisture conduction velocity schematic diagram corresponding to the flow of water.
In figure:
The transparent plastic water pipe 9-of 1-simulation air pocket embolization device 2-hollow steel pipe 3-regulation and control pressure valve 4-elevated pressure nitrogen gas tank 5-high service device 6-dress KCL solution anti-high pressure water bag 7-dress KCL solution water bag 8-three-way valve 10-branch piecing devices 11-electronic balance 12-graduated cylinder 13-data line 14-notebook computer 15-1# stainless steel hollow bolt 16-1# stainless steel hollow nut 17-1# hollow rubber 18-high pressure KCL solution feedway container cap 19-rustless steel container nut 20-hollow rubber packing ring 21-2# stainless steel hollow bolt 22-2# stainless steel hollow nut 23-2# hollow rubber.
Embodiment
As Figure 1-4, plant branch embolism resistance is evaluated an instrument, mainly simulation air pocket embolization device 1, hollow steel pipe 2, regulation and control pressure valve 3, elevated pressure nitrogen gas tank 4, the anti-high pressure water bag 6 of dress KCL solution, dress KCL solution water bag 7, transparent plastic water pipe 8, three-way valve 9, branch piecing devices 10, electronic balance 11, graduated cylinder 12, data line 13, notebook computer 14, consists of.Hollow steel pipe 2 connects 4 simulation air pocket embolization devices 1 arranged side by side.Simulation air pocket embolization device 1 is embedded with 1# hollow rubber 17 for 1# stainless steel hollow bolt 15 two ends, and 1# stainless steel hollow nut 16 is tightened to (see figure 2) in the external thread at 1# stainless steel hollow bolt 15 two ends by internal thread rotation.Simulation air pocket embolization device 1 is connected with elevated pressure nitrogen gas tank 4 top regulation and control pressure valve 3 by hollow steel pipe 2; Regulation and control pressure valve 3 is connected with high service device 5 by hollow steel pipe 2 again.High service device 5 is for bearing the canister of 200 KPa, and internal tank is placed and can be born the anti-high pressure water bag 6 of 180KPa dress KCL solution.Container cap is that hollow rubber packing ring 20 is embedded in the groove of high pressure KCL solution feedway container cap 18, (see figure 3) in the external thread of rustless steel container nut 19 internal threads screw-in high pressure KCL solution feedway container cap 18 grooves.The water route of supplying water to branch is two-way: after a road is the top cover of transparent plastic water pipe 8 by high service device 5, with being connected of the anti-high pressure water bag 6 of dress KCL solution, the bright plastic water pipe 8 of another Reuter connects higher than the anti-high pressure water bag 7 of three-way valve 9 50cm place dress KCL solution; After the two bright plastic water pipe 8 connecting tee valves 9 of Reuter, by transparent plastic water pipe 8, be connected with left side branch piecing devices 10, connect afterwards branch.The other end of branch connects right side branch piecing devices 10, connect afterwards transparent plastic water pipe 8, transparent plastic water pipe 8 is by the stationary installation on electronic balance cloche, pipe end is immersed in the KCL solution in the interior graduated cylinder 12 of electronic balance cloche, the graduated cylinder 12 that fills KCL solution is placed on electronic balance 11, electronic balance 11 joins with power supply, and weighing data is transferred to computer 14 by data line 13.
After said apparatus has been assembled, choose vegetable material and carry out moisture conduction mensuration.Process is as follows:
1, clip same position growth from plant, diameter is less than 4 ~ 6, the branch of 2cm, is placed in immediately ultrapure water, apart from shearing end 1-2cm place, branch is sheared again under water, afterwards shearing port is placed in to water, by branch use black plastic bag sealed envelope;
2, measure the branch flow of water, the hygrophyte branch flow of water is-0.4 MPa, xerophyte branch flow of water <-2.5 MPa;
3, take out a branch, shearing end connects hand pneumatic pump, to the branch air of exerting pressure, simultaneously with sharp cutter by branch from successively brachymemma of the other end, in xylem vessel, there is first bubble to emerge, stop shearing, survey the length of residue branch, its length is the maximum length (cm) of xylem vessel's molecule;
4, get again a branch, clip Bu Ju branch under water, length is the branch section of 1.2 times of the maximum vessel element length of xylem, removes the bast about the long 1cm in two ends;
5, branch two ends xylem puts the sponges cover moisturizing after water suction, be placed in afterwards air pocket embolism analogue means, open high pressure gas holder 4, by left side, regulate and control pressure valve 3 and apply the air pressure lower than branch flow of water 0.5MPa to branch, force branch generation air pocket embolism, time is 30min, makes the branch flow of water identical with atmospheric pressure value;
6, dress KCL solution anti-high pressure water bag 6, dress KCL solution water bag 7, inject suction filtration, remove the KCL solution of air in graduated cylinder 11, regulating three-way valve door 9 makes to be full of KCL solution in transparent plastic water pipe 8 and right side branch piecing devices 10; Syringe and right side branch piecing devices 10 join, and extract the air in transparent plastic water pipe 8 and right side branch piecing devices 10, make the KCL solution in graduated cylinder 12 be full of whole transparent plastic water pipe 8 until the top of right side branch piecing devices 10;
6,, after branch air pocket embolism completes, two ends xylem is connected on (direction of noting branch current is consistent with the direction of Water Transportation in nature branch) on branch piecing devices 10, checks in transparent plastic water pipe 8 whether have bubble, if having, reconnects;
7, regulating three-way valve door 9, open dress KCL solution water bag 7 and branch piecing devices water guiding path, branch starts water guide under 50cm head pressure, and water guide amount shows by electronic balance 11, and by data line 13, pass to notebook computer and record and preserve, minute is 30min;
8, repeat above-mentioned 4-7 step, often once repeat, the atmospheric pressure value in air pocket embolization device 1 increases 0.5MPa, obtains the branch moisture conduction velocity under the different flow of water simultaneously;
9, moisture conduction is measured complete, close the moisture conduction path of dress KCL solution water bag 7 and branch piecing devices 10, open the adjustable governor pressure valve 3 in right side, to high service device 5, for the pressure of 100-180KPa, (pressure is determined according to vegetable material, xerophyte is high, and hygrophyte is low);
8, by three-way valve 9, open the Water Pathways of the anti-high pressure water bag 6 of dress KCL solution and branch piecing devices 10, by branch high pressure washing 10-30min;
9, close the Water Pathways of the anti-high pressure water bag 6 of dress KCL solution and branch piecing devices 10, open the moisture conduction path of dress KCL solution water bag 7 and branch piecing devices 10, under 50cm head pressure, according to step 7, measure the branch moisture conduction velocity after rinsing
k max.
10, moisture conduction loss rate computing formula is: PLC=100 (
k max k simulate)/
k max.
11,2 ~ 4 branches of residue repeat 5 ~ 10 step;
12, take the branch flow of water (MPa) is transverse axis, take the plc data measured as longitudinal axis mapping, with PLC=100/[1+exp (a (ψ-b))] carry out matching, the figure of PLC and the flow of water (MPa) matching is shown in Fig. 5, equation is K
leaf=100/ (1+exp (0.29 (ψ
leaf-2.78) when, branch loses 50% moisture conduction, the flow of water b of xylem is 2.78 MPa;
The value of the parameter b that 12, equation model obtains is the flow of water that branch loses 50% moisture when conduction xylem.B is larger, and the ability of Genes For Plant Tolerance air pocket embolism is stronger, and drought resistance is better, and vice versa.
Claims (4)
1. a plant branch embolism resistance is evaluated instrument, mainly by simulation air pocket embolization device (1), hollow steel pipe (2), regulation and control pressure valve (3), elevated pressure nitrogen gas tank (4), high service device (5), the dress KCL anti-high pressure water bag of solution (6), dress KCL solution water bag (7), transparent plastic water pipe (8), three-way valve (9), branch piecing devices (10), electronic balance (11), graduated cylinder (12), data line (13), notebook computer (14) forms, it is characterized in that hollow steel pipe (2) connects simulation air pocket embolization device (1) side by side, simulation air pocket embolization device (1) is connected with the regulation and control pressure valve (3) at elevated pressure nitrogen gas tank (4) top by hollow steel pipe (2), regulation and control pressure valve (3) are connected with high service device (5) by hollow steel pipe (2), high service device (5) inside is equipped with the dress KCL anti-high pressure water bag of solution (6), transparent plastic water pipe (8) is communicated with the dress KCL anti-high pressure water bag of solution (6) by three-way valve (9) one end, one end is communicated with dress KCL solution water bag (7), and the other end is connected with left side branch piecing devices (10), after the connected right side branch piecing devices (10) of transparent plastic water pipe (8), pass electronic balance cloche, its end immerses in the KCL solution of graduated cylinder (12), it is upper that graduated cylinder (12) is placed on electronic balance (11), and electronic balance (11) is connected with computer (14) by data line (13).
2. a kind of plant branch embolism resistance is evaluated instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned simulation air pocket embolization device (1), for 1# stainless steel hollow bolt (15) two ends are embedded with 1# hollow rubber (17), 1# stainless steel hollow nut (16) screws in the external thread of 1# stainless steel hollow bolt (15) by internal thread.
3. a kind of plant branch embolism resistance is evaluated instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned high service device (5) is for bearing the canister of 200KPa, in the groove of the high pressure KCL solution feedway container cap (18) on high service device (5), be embedded with hollow rubber packing ring (20), rustless steel container nut (19) internal thread screws in the external thread of high pressure KCL solution feedway container cap (18) groove.
4. a kind of plant branch embolism resistance is evaluated instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned branch piecing devices (10) comprise 2# stainless steel hollow bolt (21), 2# stainless steel hollow nut (22), 2# hollow rubber (23), 2# hollow rubber (23) embeds in 2# stainless steel hollow bolt (21), and 2# stainless steel hollow nut (22) internal thread screws in the external thread of 2# stainless steel hollow bolt (21).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320567968.3U CN203561567U (en) | 2013-09-13 | 2013-09-13 | Plant twig anti-embolism evaluation instrument |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320567968.3U CN203561567U (en) | 2013-09-13 | 2013-09-13 | Plant twig anti-embolism evaluation instrument |
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| CN203561567U true CN203561567U (en) | 2014-04-23 |
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| CN201320567968.3U Expired - Fee Related CN203561567U (en) | 2013-09-13 | 2013-09-13 | Plant twig anti-embolism evaluation instrument |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103499507A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2014-01-08 | 兰州大学 | Cavitation embolism simulation and hydraulic conductivity measurement instrument for plant branches |
-
2013
- 2013-09-13 CN CN201320567968.3U patent/CN203561567U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103499507A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2014-01-08 | 兰州大学 | Cavitation embolism simulation and hydraulic conductivity measurement instrument for plant branches |
| CN103499507B (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2016-06-22 | 兰州大学 | The simulation of plants shoots air pocket thromboembolism and moisture conduction analyzer |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140423 Termination date: 20150913 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |