CN203521441U - A photovoltaic module - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module comprises a laminate, the laminate includes a battery layer, the battery layer includes first to Nth battery packs which are connected in parallel, and each battery pack is formed by connecting M 1/N solar batteries in series, wherein N is a positive integer not smaller than 2, and M is a positive integer not smaller than 60. The photovoltaic module further comprises a first current lead-out end electrically connected with the positive electrode of each battery pack and a second current lead-out end electrically connected with the negative electrode of each battery pack. According to the photovoltaic module, by the adoption of the connection mode in which M 1/N solar batteries are connected in series to form a battery pack first and then N battery packs are connected in parallel, the current of each battery pack is enabled to be 1/N of the original value on the premise of ensuring that total output voltage and current are not changed, thereby reducing power loss of each battery pack, reducing power loss of the whole photovoltaic module and improving the generation power of the photovoltaic module.

Description

A photovoltaic module

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a photovoltaic module.

Background technique

A solar cell is a semiconductor device that directly converts sunlight into electrical energy. Because it uses renewable sunlight and does not cause environmental pollution during use, solar cells have broad application prospects in today's energy shortages and increasingly severe environmental protection situations.

Since a single solar cell can only generate a voltage of about 0.5V, which is far lower than the voltage required for actual use, a single solar cell cannot be directly used as a power source, and a certain number of solar cells must be packaged together in series to form a photovoltaic system. components before it can be used as a power supply.

A common crystalline silicon photovoltaic module mainly includes: a laminate, a frame wrapped around the laminate, and a photovoltaic junction box arranged on the backlight surface of the laminate. Among them, the laminate mainly includes: a battery sheet composed of multiple solar cells, a glass cover plate located on the light-receiving surface of the battery sheet, a back sheet located on the backlight surface of the battery sheet, and bonding the battery sheet Layer and glass cover plate and the EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) layer of the cell sheet layer and the back plate.

At present, the cell layers of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules are mostly composed of M (M is preferably 60) whole crystalline silicon solar cells connected in series, and the photovoltaic modules formed by them have high power loss and low power generation efficiency.

Utility model content

In view of this, the utility model provides a photovoltaic module to solve the problems of high power loss and low power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

A photovoltaic module, comprising:

A laminate, the laminate includes battery sheets, the battery sheets include the first battery group to the Nth battery group connected in parallel, and each battery group is composed of M 1/N solar battery sheets connected in series. into, wherein, N is a positive integer not less than 2, and M is a positive integer not less than 60;

a first current lead electrically connected to the positive pole of each battery pack;

A second current lead-out terminal electrically connected to the negative pole of each battery pack.

Preferably, the photovoltaic module also includes:

The first junction box to the Nth junction box arranged on the backlight surface of the laminate, each junction box is electrically connected to the first current lead-out end and the second current lead-out end, and at least one junction box has a miniature Inverter junction box.

Preferably, each junction box includes three bypass diode groups connected in parallel, and each bypass diode group includes at least one bypass diode and two different battery strings in the corresponding battery group.

Preferably, M=60 and N=2.

Preferably, each battery pack is composed of 6 battery strings in series, and each battery string is composed of 10 1/2 solar cells in series.

Preferably, M=60 and N=4.

Preferably, each battery pack is composed of 6 battery strings connected in series, and each battery string is composed of 10 1/4 solar cells connected in series.

Preferably, the first junction box is a junction box with a micro-inverter, and only the first junction box and the fourth junction box have current lead-out wires for outputting current.

Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the utility model has the following advantages:

In the photovoltaic module provided by the utility model, the solar cell is a 1/N solar cell. Compared with the whole solar cell, the voltage provided by the 1/N solar cell remains unchanged, and the resistance is N times the original , the current is the original 1/N. It can be seen from this that, compared with the photovoltaic module in the prior art which is formed by connecting M whole solar cells in series, the utility model first connects M 1/N solar cells in series to form a battery pack, and then connects N solar cells in series. The parallel connection mode of battery packs makes the current in each battery pack be 1/N of the original while keeping the total output voltage and current constant, thereby reducing the power loss in each battery pack, and further The power loss in the entire photovoltaic module is reduced, and the power generation of the photovoltaic module is improved.

Since 1/N solar cells can be cut from solar cells with defects (corners, chipped edges, etc.), the photovoltaic module provided by the utility model can be assembled using defective cells with defects, thereby It can not only save the cost, but also avoid the waste of cells, and improve the utilization rate of energy.

In addition, the photovoltaic module provided by the utility model can not only output alternating current or direct current for single supply of alternating current or direct current, but also output alternating current and direct current for dual supply of alternating current and direct current.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are only some embodiments of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection mode of the battery sheet of the photovoltaic module provided by the first embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the cell layer of the photovoltaic module provided by Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection mode of the battery sheets of the photovoltaic module provided by the second embodiment of the utility model.

Detailed ways

As mentioned in the background, the existing photovoltaic modules have high power loss and low power generation efficiency. The researcher of the utility model found that the reason for this problem is that the existing packaging materials have defects in electrical or optical properties, which lead to a large loss of solar cells during the packaging process. High power loss will be generated when the current is transmitted, which will affect the power generation efficiency of the components.

Based on this, the utility model provides a photovoltaic module to overcome the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, including: a laminate, the laminate includes battery sheets, and the battery sheets include first Battery group to Nth battery group, and each battery group is composed of M 1/N solar cells connected in series, where N is a positive integer not less than 2, and M is a positive integer not less than 60;

a first current lead electrically connected to the positive pole of each battery pack;

A second current lead-out terminal electrically connected to the negative pole of each battery pack.

In the photovoltaic module provided by the utility model, the solar cell is a 1/N solar cell. Compared with the whole solar cell, the voltage provided by the 1/N solar cell remains unchanged, and the resistance is N times the original , the current is the original 1/N.

Assuming that the voltage of a whole solar cell is U, the resistance is R, and the current is I, and the voltage of a 1/N solar cell is U, the resistance is N R, and the current is I/N, then M The whole piece of solar cells formed in series has a voltage of M U, a resistance of M R, and a current of I, and a battery pack formed by connecting M 1/N solar cells in series has a voltage of M U and a resistance of N. M·R, the current is I/N, after N battery packs are connected in parallel, the voltage of the formed component is M·U, the resistance is M·R, and the current is I. It can be seen from this that, compared with the photovoltaic module formed by connecting M whole solar cells in series, first connect M 1/N solar cells in series to form a battery pack, and then connect N battery packs in parallel to form a photovoltaic module, each The current in the battery pack is the original 1/N, and since the number of battery packs is N, the total output voltage and current of the photovoltaic module do not change.

Taking the power loss caused by the resistance of the welding strip as an example, assuming that the resistance of the welding strip is R ₁ , the main power loss caused by the resistance of the welding strip in the prior art is Q ₁ =I ² ·R ₁ (regardless of the connection between the welding strip and Contact resistance loss of the battery), compared with it, the main power loss caused by the ribbon resistance of each battery pack in the photovoltaic module of the present invention is Q ₂ =(I/N) ² ·R ₁ , then N battery packs The sum of the power loss Q _n =N·Q ₂ =Q ₁ /N, it can be seen that the utility model adopts the circuit connection method of connecting N·M 1/N solar cells in series first and then in parallel, so that each The power loss in the battery pack is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the power loss in the entire photovoltaic module and increasing the power generation of the photovoltaic module.

The above is the core idea of the utility model. In order to make the above purpose, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation of the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

In the following description, a lot of specific details have been set forth in order to fully understand the utility model, but the utility model can also be implemented in other ways that are different from those described here, and those skilled in the art can do so without violating the connotation of the utility model. Under the circumstances, similar promotion is done, so the utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Secondly, the utility model is described in detail in combination with schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of the utility model in detail, for the convenience of explanation, the cross-sectional view showing the structure of the device will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagram is only an example, and it will not be described here. The protection scope of the utility model should be limited. In addition, the three-dimensional space dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in actual production.

Embodiment one

This embodiment provides a photovoltaic module, including: a laminate including battery sheets, a first current lead-out terminal and a second current lead-out terminal (not shown in the figure), as shown in Figure 1, the battery sheet The layer includes: a first battery pack 11 and a second battery pack 21, the first battery pack 11 and the second battery pack 21 are connected in parallel, and the first battery pack 11 and the second battery pack 21 are each composed of 60 1/ 2 solar cells connected in series. Wherein, the positive poles of the first battery pack 11 and the second battery pack 21 are electrically connected to the first current lead-out terminal, and the negative poles of the first battery pack 11 and the second battery pack 21 are both connected to the second battery pack 21. The current leads are electrically connected.

In this embodiment, the cell layer is composed of 120 1/2 solar cells, and the 120 1/2 solar cells can be cut from a flawless whole solar cell, or can be cut from a Flawed solar cells are cut. After the solar cells are cut by the laser cutting process, the cells are tested and screened, and the cells with the same or similar efficiency and current are assembled together to reduce the impact of cell mismatch. It can be seen from this that the utility model can use defective cells for assembly to form a photovoltaic module, thereby not only saving costs, but also avoiding waste of cells and improving energy utilization.

In this embodiment, the arrangement of the solar cells in the first battery group 11 and the second battery group 21 is 6 columns and 10 rows, that is, the first battery group 11 and the second battery group 21 are composed of six The battery strings are connected in series, and each battery string is composed of 10 1/2 solar cells connected in series, wherein the six battery strings in the first battery group are respectively the first battery string 111 and the second battery string 112 , the third battery string 113, the fourth battery string 114, the fifth battery string 115, the sixth battery string 116, and the six battery strings in the second battery pack are respectively the seventh battery string 211 and the eighth battery string 212 , the ninth battery string 213 , the tenth battery string 214 , the eleventh battery string 215 , and the twelfth battery string 216 .

In this embodiment, the photovoltaic module further includes: a first junction box 12 and a second junction box 22 arranged on the backlight surface of the laminate, and the first junction box 12 and the second junction box 22 are both connected to the The first current lead-out end is electrically connected to the second current lead-out end, and the second junction box 22 is a junction box with a micro-inverter, and the micro-inverter is used to convert direct current into alternating current. It can be seen that, The first junction box 12 can output direct current, and the second junction box 22 can output alternating current. Therefore, the photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment can not only output alternating current or direct current alone, and perform single-item supply of alternating current or direct current, but also It can carry out dual supply of AC and DC, and output AC and DC at the same time.

Moreover, the first junction box 12 and the second junction box 22 each include three bypass diode groups connected in parallel, and each bypass diode group includes at least one bypass diode and a different Two battery strings. Wherein, the first junction box 12 includes a first bypass diode group, a second bypass diode group and a third bypass diode group connected in parallel, and each bypass diode group includes two different batteries in the first battery group. battery strings and at least one bypass diode; the second junction box 22 includes a fourth bypass diode group, a fifth bypass diode group and a sixth bypass diode group connected in parallel, and each bypass diode group includes Two different battery strings and at least one bypass diode in the second battery pack. When one or several cells of the photovoltaic module are blocked and the hot spot effect occurs, the diodes of the bypass diode group where the blocked cells are located will be turned on, so that the battery strings where the blocked cells are located will stop working. To avoid damage caused by local overheating of photovoltaic modules caused by the shaded cells as loads that consume electric energy and generate heat.

As shown in Figure 1, the first diode 121 in the first junction box 12 and the first battery string 111 and the second battery string 112 in the first battery pack 11 form a first bypass diode group, and the second The diode 122 forms a second bypass diode group with the third battery string 113 and the fourth battery string 114 in the first battery group 11, and the third diode 123 and the fifth battery string 115 in the first battery group 11 and the sixth battery string 116 form a third bypass diode group; the fourth diode 221 in the second junction box 22 and the seventh battery string 211 and the eighth battery string 212 in the second battery group 21 form a third bypass diode group Five bypass diode groups, the fifth diode 222 and the ninth battery string 213 and the tenth battery string 214 in the second battery group 21 constitute the sixth bypass diode group, the sixth diode 223 and the second battery group The eleventh battery string 215 and the twelfth battery string 216 in 21 form a seventh bypass diode group.

The structural schematic diagram of the cell layer of the photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, the solar cells in the first battery group and the second battery group are arranged in 6 columns and 10 rows, and the first battery group consists The first battery string to the sixth battery string are connected in series through welding ribbons, and the second battery pack is formed from the seventh battery strings to the twelfth battery strings connected in series through welding ribbons. The positive pole of the first battery string is the The positive pole of the first battery pack, the negative pole of the sixth battery string is the negative pole of the first battery pack, the positive pole of the seventh battery string is the positive pole of the second battery pack, and the twelfth battery string is the positive pole of the second battery pack. The negative pole of the battery string is the negative pole of the second battery pack.

As shown in Figure 2, the positive poles of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are introduced into the first junction box by the bus bar a, and are introduced into the second junction box by the bus bar b, the first battery pack and the second battery pack The negative electrode of is introduced into the first junction box by bus bar c, and introduced into the second junction box by bus bar d, and the intersection of bus bar and bus bar, and the contact part between each bus bar and each solar battery sheet, are all It needs to be separated by electrically insulating spacers to prevent current short circuit.

In the photovoltaic module provided by this embodiment, the solar cells are 1/2 solar cells. Compared with the whole solar cells, the voltage provided by the 1/2 solar cells remains unchanged, and the resistance is twice the original. The current is 1/2 of the original. It can be seen that the total output voltage and current of the photovoltaic module provided by this embodiment have not changed, the current in each battery pack is 1/2 of the original, and the power loss of the entire photovoltaic module is 1/2 of the original, Therefore, the power loss of the entire photovoltaic module is greatly reduced, and the power generation of the photovoltaic module is improved. Moreover, the photovoltaic module provided by this embodiment can not only output alternating current or direct current for single supply of alternating current or direct current, but also output alternating current and direct current for dual supply of alternating current and direct current.

Embodiment two

The structure of the photovoltaic module and the connection principle of the circuit provided in this embodiment are substantially the same as those of the photovoltaic module and the connection principle of the circuit in the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail here. In this embodiment, the battery sheet layer includes: a first battery group 301, a second battery group 302, a third battery group 303 and a fourth battery group 304, the first battery group 301, the second battery group 302, The third battery group 303 and the fourth battery group 304 are connected in parallel, and the first battery group 301 to the fourth battery group 304 are all composed of 60 1/4 solar cells connected in series. Wherein, the positive pole of each battery pack is electrically connected to the first current lead-out end, and the negative pole of each battery pack is electrically connected to the second current lead-out end.

In this embodiment, the solar cells of each battery group in the first battery group 301 to the fourth battery group 304 are arranged in 6 columns and 10 rows, that is, each battery group is composed of six battery strings connected in series. Each battery string consists of 10 1/4 solar cells connected in series.

In this embodiment, the junction box arranged on the backlight surface of the laminate includes: a first junction box 311, a second junction box 312, a third junction box 313 and a fourth junction box 314, each junction box is connected to the The first current lead-out end is electrically connected to the second current lead-out end, and at least one junction box is a junction box with a micro-inverter. Wherein, each junction box includes three bypass diode groups connected in parallel, and each bypass diode group includes at least one bypass diode and two different battery strings in the corresponding battery group, as described in the first wiring The bypass diode group in the box includes at least one bypass diode and the corresponding two different battery strings in the first battery group.

The schematic diagram of the circuit connection mode of the cell layer of the photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment is shown in FIG. The fourth junction box 314 outputs direct current through the current lead-out line, wherein, the second junction box 312 and the third junction box 313 do not have a current lead-out line, that is, the second junction box 312 and the third junction box 313 are not used for output Current, which only serves to protect the cells in the second battery pack and the third battery pack, so as to avoid damage caused by partial overheating of the photovoltaic modules caused by the shaded cells serving as loads that consume electric energy and generate heat.

Of course, the utility model is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the first junction box 311 to the fourth junction box 314 can output current. Preferably, the first junction box 311 and the second junction box 312 have The junction box of the micro-inverter is used to output alternating current, and the third junction box 313 and the fourth junction box 314 are used to output direct current.

In the photovoltaic module provided by this embodiment, the solar cell is a 1/4 solar cell. Compared with the whole solar cell, the voltage provided by the 1/4 solar cell remains unchanged, and the resistance is 4 times that of the original. The current is 1/4 of the original. It can be seen that the total output voltage and current of the photovoltaic module provided by this embodiment have not changed, the current in each battery pack is 1/4 of the original, and the power loss of the entire photovoltaic module is 1/4 of the original, Therefore, the power loss of the entire photovoltaic module is greatly reduced, and the power generation of the photovoltaic module is improved.

It should be noted that the 1/N solar cell in the present invention means that the solar cell of normal specification is divided into N parts on average, and each part is a 1/N solar cell. The utility model is only illustrated by taking the photovoltaic module formed by 1/2 solar cell and 1/4 solar cell as an example. There are also other similar photovoltaic modules of various specifications, all of which can use the circuit provided by the utility model Connection method to reduce power loss and increase the power generation of photovoltaic modules.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to realize or use the utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (8)

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, comprising: A laminate, the laminate includes battery sheets, the battery sheets include the first battery group to the Nth battery group connected in parallel, and each battery group is composed of M 1/N solar battery sheets connected in series. into, wherein, N is a positive integer not less than 2, and M is a positive integer not less than 60; a first current lead electrically connected to the positive pole of each battery pack; A second current lead-out terminal electrically connected to the negative pole of each battery pack. 2. The photovoltaic assembly according to claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic assembly further comprises: The first junction box to the Nth junction box arranged on the backlight surface of the laminate, each junction box is electrically connected to the first current lead-out end and the second current lead-out end, and at least one junction box has a miniature Inverter junction box. 3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, wherein each junction box includes three bypass diode groups connected in parallel, and each bypass diode group includes at least one bypass diode and a corresponding battery group Two different battery strings. 4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, wherein M=60 and N=2. 5 . The photovoltaic module according to claim 4 , wherein each battery group is composed of 6 battery strings connected in series, and each battery string is composed of 10 1/2 solar cells connected in series. 6 . 6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, wherein M=60 and N=4. 7 . The photovoltaic module according to claim 6 , wherein each battery group is composed of 6 battery strings connected in series, and each battery string is composed of 10 1/4 solar cells connected in series. 8 . 8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, wherein the first junction box is a junction box with a micro-inverter, and only the first junction box and the fourth junction box have current lead-out wires , for the output current.

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