CN203516534U

CN203516534U - Dual-action hydraulic retarder

Info

Publication number: CN203516534U
Application number: CN201320571008.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗天洪; 贺海燕; 李富盈; 崔庭琼
Original assignee: Chongqing Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Chongqing Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2013-09-13
Filing date: 2013-09-13
Publication date: 2014-04-02
Anticipated expiration: 2023-09-13

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dual-action hydraulic retarder which comprises a shell, a control system, a heat exchanger and an oil tank. The heat exchanger and the oil tank are communicated with the shell. An inner cavity of the shell is provided with an impeller and a high-pressure oil injecting device used for injecting oil to the impeller during high-speed braking. The high-pressure oil injecting device divides the inner cavity of the shell into a vacuum working cavity and an oil storage cavity, wherein the impeller works in the vacuum working cavity, and the oil storage cavity is used for storing high-pressure injection oil liquid. An oil way which communicates the vacuum working cavity with the oil storage cavity is arranged on the shell. A low-speed braking oil outlet communicated with the oil storage cavity and a high-speed braking oil outlet communicated with the vacuum working cavity are formed in the shell. The low-speed braking oil outlet and the high-speed braking oil outlet are communicated with the heat exchanger in an opening-closing mode. The dual-action hydraulic retarder further comprises a control valve arranged outside the shell and used for controlling the high-pressure oil injecting device to work during high-speed braking, a vehicle body is respectively braked when runs at high speed and low speed on the basis of the working principle of a pump, the braking force is relatively improved at low speed, the larger braking force is kept at high speed, and braking efficiency is higher.

Description

Double-action hydrodynamic retarder

Technical field

The utility model relates to retarder field, particularly a kind of double-action hydrodynamic retarder that can brake respectively when automobile high-speed and low speed driving.

Background technique

Auto brake system is one of most important system in vehicle safety travel.Improvement along with engine technology development and road conditions, the travelling speed of automobile and single operation interval all have a great development, the kinetic energy that travels is significantly progressive, thereby makes traditional friction disk type braking device more and more can not adapt to long-time, high-intensity need of work.Owing to frequently or for a long time using Service Brake, there is the Braking efficiency heat fade phenomenon that friction plate is overheated, when serious, cause braking failure, threaten traffic safety.Vehicle is also owing to frequently changing the increase that brake shoe and tire cause transporting capital.In order to solve this exercise question, the various vehicle auxiliary braking systems that arise at the historic moment develop rapidly, and hydrodynamic retarder is exactly wherein a kind of.

Existing hydrodynamic retarder adopts single brake control mode conventionally, by rotor banding moving vane, rotate, blade gets rid of fluid to stator, stator produces resisting moment blade is formed to the object that reaction force reaches braking, this kind of brake control mode to the travelling speed of car body without differentiation, when high speed and low speed driving, all by this mode of braking, realize braking, brake response is sensitive not, and easily make fluid in low high speed hybrid situation, produce high-power oil transportation phenomenon, greatly increased oil circulation amount; And, existing hydrodynamic retarder is pressed into the process in traditional retarder rotor by the realization of pressurized air ratio adjusting valve is set by fluid, the response time that this process need is longer, control fluid process comparatively complicated, speed of response is also not ideal enough, thereby cause the retarder time of implementation longer, affected the retardation efficiency of retarder; In addition, existing hydrodynamic retarder is many to be connected with speed changer parallel connection transmission, not only transmission effect is bad, and when dallying, retarder easily there is pumping loss, cause transmission power lower, and parallel connection transmission often make speed changer transmission shaft can not synchronize and carry out with the transmission of retarder, the response time that retarder need to be longer, thereby can not to the speed of a motor vehicle, brake in time, when serious, even can have an accident.

Therefore, need to improve carrying out existing hydrodynamic retarder, mode of braking to car body at a high speed and under low speed driving state is distinguished, and improves the relative braking force under lower-speed state, and keeps the larger braking force under fast state, improve braking response speed simultaneously, omit the complex process of controlling fluid amount, shorten the time of implementation, improve retardation efficiency, and make retarder synchronize and connect with speed changer, the pumping loss while reducing retarder idle running.

Model utility content

In view of this, the utility model provides a kind of double-action hydrodynamic retarder, mode of braking to car body at a high speed and under low speed driving state is distinguished, and improves the relative braking force under lower-speed state, and keeps the larger braking force under fast state, improve braking response speed simultaneously, omit the complex process of controlling fluid amount, shorten the time of implementation, improve retardation efficiency, and make retarder synchronize and connect with speed changer, the pumping loss while reducing retarder idle running.

Double-action hydrodynamic retarder of the present utility model, comprise housing, control system and the heat exchanger and the fuel tank that are communicated with described housing, described housing inner chamber be provided with impeller and when braking at a high speed to the high pressure fuel injector device of described impeller oil spout, described high pressure fuel injector device is separated into described housing inner chamber for the vacuum work chamber of described impeller work with for laying in the shoe cream room of high-pressure injection fluid, described housing is provided with the oil duct that is communicated with described vacuum work chamber and shoe cream room, the high speed braking oil outlet that is also provided with the low speed braking oil outlet being communicated with described shoe cream room on described housing and is communicated with described vacuum work chamber, described low speed braking oil outlet and the equal open-close type of described high speed braking oil outlet are communicated in described heat exchanger, also comprise the control valve of controlling the work of described high pressure fuel injector device when being arranged at housing outward and braking for high speed.

Further, described high pressure fuel injector device comprise the fixed tray that is sealedly and fixedly connected with inner walls and with described fixed tray coaxially near the rotating disc arranging, on described rotating disc and described fixed tray, along circumference is radially corresponding the rectangle groove that several can communicate is set, described rotating disc controls by described control valve the connection that rotation realizes rectangle groove.

Further, described rectangle groove is obliquely installed, and the layout of the blade of its true dip direction and angle of inclination and described impeller adapts.

Further, described impeller is connected with the output shaft synchronous separation of speed changer.

Further, described impeller is realized and being connected with the separation of synchronizeing of transmission output shaft by a separated connection set, described separated connection set comprise with the joint gear ring I of transmission output shaft spline joint, with the coaxial joint gear ring II that arranges and be fixedly connected with described impeller of described joint gear ring I with synchronize separation and be connected the clutch-type synchronizer of described joint gear ring I and joint gear ring II.

Further, described control valve is electric rotating magnet valve, and described control valve is coated at the pipe box realization of transmission output shaft and being fixedly connected with of described rotating disc by one.

Further, described control system comprises brake petal, sensor and electronic processors, described sensor setting is on described brake petal and for detection of brake petal displacement, described sensor is connected with described electronic processors and the electronic signal that described brake petal Displacement Analysis is made is transmitted to described electronic processors, and described electronic processors is connected with described control valve with described clutch-type synchronizer.

The beneficial effects of the utility model: double-action hydrodynamic retarder of the present utility model, adopt two kinds of brake control modes, when automobile running low speed is braked, by impeller and retarder housing, form pump body structure and realize single braking, when automobile running is braked at a high speed, by impeller and high-voltage oil liquid injection, impeller being formed to reaction force brakes jointly, the braking effect of this structure during for low speed driving is obvious, improved fluid retardation efficiency, avoid fluid high-power output oil in low high speed hybrid situation, can reduce oil circulation amount, extend the time that fluid heats up, simultaneously, when high speed, also can keep larger braking force, wherein, impeller and retarder housing form pump body structure, the kinetic energy of transmission output shaft is converted into efficiently to the water energy (potential energy of fluid, kinetic energy or pressure energy) and heat energy, Braking efficiency is improved, reduce other energy consumption, and according to the vacuum chamber oil suction principle of pump, without adopting traditional pressurized air that arranges to regulate Proportional valve that mailbox inner fluid is sent into the mode in retarder housing, can suck fluid, oil-absorbing process is automation more, can improve braking response speed, omitted the complex process of controlling fluid amount, greatly shortened the time of implementation, improved the efficiency of braking, realized braking response rapid, the high-accuracy operation that fluid automation is controlled, , in addition, the utility model also adopts clutch-type synchronizer retarder to be synchronizeed to tandem drive with speed changer to connect, and the pumping loss existing in the time of can avoiding traditional retarder idle running, improves transmission efficiency.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further described.

Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation;

Fig. 2 is after rotating disc rotation and fixed tray relative position structural representation;

Fig. 3 is that rotating disc is when static and fixed tray relative position structural representation.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation, Fig. 2 is after rotating disc rotation and fixed tray relative position structural representation, Fig. 3 is that rotating disc is when static and fixed tray relative position structural representation, as shown in the figure: the double-action hydrodynamic retarder of the present embodiment, comprise housing 1, control system and the heat exchanger 2 and the fuel tank 3 that are communicated with described housing 1, described housing 1 inner chamber be provided with impeller 14 and when braking at a high speed to the high pressure fuel injector device of described impeller oil spout, described high pressure fuel injector device is separated into described housing inner chamber for the vacuum work chamber 4 of described impeller work with for laying in the shoe cream room 5 of high-pressure injection fluid, described housing 1 is provided with the oil duct 6 that is communicated with described vacuum work chamber 4 and shoe cream room 5, the high speed braking oil outlet 8 that is also provided with the low speed braking oil outlet 7 being communicated with described shoe cream room 5 on described housing 1 and is communicated with described vacuum work chamber 4, described low speed braking oil outlet 7 and the equal open-close type of described high speed braking oil outlet 8 are communicated in described heat exchanger 2, also comprise the control valve 9 of controlling the work of described high pressure fuel injector device when being arranged at housing 1 outward and braking for high speed, described housing 1 is comprised of two-part, wherein a part for corresponding wheel rotor setting can be described as rotor 1a, and another part can be described as stator 1b, rotor 1a is fixedly connected with stator 1b or removably connects and forms retarder housing 1, as shown in Figure 1, on rotor, the corresponding impeller rotating is provided with rotor filler opening and rotor oil outlet, and its rotor filler opening is communicated with fuel tank 3, and rotor oil outlet is the opening of oil duct 6 in housing rotor 1a part, corresponding wing pump oil outlet end arranges,

The impeller and the housing that are installed in vacuum work chamber form pump body structure jointly, and on the basis of the working principle of pump, the water that can be fluid by the kinetic transformation of transmission output shaft can (potential energy, kinetic energy, pressure energy) and heat energy, realizes the high efficiency of braking, as shown in the figure, on housing, be provided with two oil outlets, one is low speed braking oil outlet 7, another is for braking at a high speed oil outlet 8, two equal open-close types of oil outlet are communicated with heat exchanger, wherein the fuel-displaced pipeline place of low speed braking oil outlet arranges switch valve I 10, the fuel-displaced pipeline place of braking at a high speed oil outlet arranges switch valve II 11, automobile running is when low speed (5-15m/s), control system is opened switch valve I 10, closing switch valve II 11 and control valve 9, fluid can be pumped into oil duct by impeller and enter shoe cream room 5, then directly from low speed braking oil outlet, flow out, enter heat exchanger, utilize the principle of pump to realize low speed braking, when automobile running is when at a high speed (more than 15km/h), control system is opened switch valve II and control valve, closing switch valve I, now, because low speed braking oil outlet is closed, high pressure fuel injector device is opened, and the fluid in shoe cream room can be ejected on the blade of impeller by high pressure fuel injector device, hinder blade rotary, finally play the effect of slow braking, the blade rotary of impeller faster, the fluid amount pumping up is more, the oil pressure that high pressure fuel injector device ejects is higher, and the resistance of formation is also just larger, the structure of braking respectively by low speed and high speed, braking effect during for low speed driving is obvious, raising can fluid retardation efficiency, avoid fluid high-power transporting oil in low high speed hybrid situation, can reduce oil circulation amount, extend the time that fluid heats up, while braking at a high speed, because the reaction force of the impeller by pump structure and fluid is braked jointly, can keep larger braking force, the vacuum chamber oil suction working principle of utilizing in addition pump, can improve braking response speed, has omitted the complex process of controlling fluid amount, has greatly shortened the time of implementation, has improved the efficiency of braking.

In the present embodiment, described high pressure fuel injector device comprise the fixed tray 12 that is sealedly and fixedly connected with inner walls and with the coaxial rotating disc 13 near arranging of described fixed tray 12, on described rotating disc 13 and described fixed tray 12, along radially corresponding several rectangle grooves that can communicate (being rotating disc rectangle groove 15 and fixed tray rectangle groove 16 in figure) that arrange of circumference, described rotating disc controls by described control valve the connection that rotation realizes rectangle groove, as shown in Figure 1, rotating disc and fixed tray are placed on transmission output shaft inside and outside being all positioned at housing, wherein fixed tray is fixedly connected with the stationary part inner wall sealing of housing and forms shoe cream room with stator inner wall, rotating disc also can rotate by the control of control valve near fixed tray setting, as shown in Figure 2, rotating disc is provided with rectangle groove 15, on fixed tray, be provided with rectangle groove 16, when rotating disc is positioned at as shown in Figure 2 position, the fluid of shoe cream room can eject by the rectangle groove on two dishes the blade that forms high pressure oil column impact impeller, hinder blade rotary, finally play retarded acting, the blade rotary of impeller must be faster, the fluid amount pumping up is more, the oil pressure that rectangle groove ejects is higher, the resistance forming is also just larger, when rotating disc is positioned at as shown in Figure 3 position, the fluid of shoe cream room can not eject by rectangle groove, playing a part to close fluid sprays, by controlling the rotation of rotating disc, realize whether being communicated with of rotating disc and rectangle groove on fixed tray, make braking at a high speed and low speed braking be easy to control differentiation, high speed braking effect is obvious, while braking at a high speed, automobile driving speed is fast, and speed changer outputting power is high, shoe cream room inner fluid can form high pressure conditions, by rectangle groove, spray, reach and limit the object of spraying oil mass, form high-pressure injection fluid, be ejected on impeller blade sizable reaction force can be provided, thereby form higher braking force.

In the present embodiment, described rectangle groove (being rotating disc rectangle groove 15 and fixed tray rectangle groove 16 in figure) is obliquely installed, and the layout of the blade of its true dip direction and angle of inclination and described impeller 14 adapts; The pressure size that the pump structure that the width of the rectangle of rectangle groove forms according to impeller can provide designs, rectangle groove is obliquely installed compares vertical two tray bottom plane layouts, more can provide high-voltage high-speed to spray oil column, thereby improve, spray the reaction force of fluid to blade, realize higher braking force; Rectangle groove be obliquely installed refer to rectangle groove and two dish base plane between there is angle, its angle of inclination and true dip direction be identical with vane collocation structural type on impeller to be guaranteed to spray oil column and accurately gets on the working surface of blade, reduce and spray the acting loss of fluid to front side of vane, improve counteractive mechanical efficiency, thereby reach the object that improves braking force.

In the present embodiment, described impeller 14 is synchronizeed separation and is connected with the output shaft 18 of speed changer 17; Synchronous separation connects, can guarantee that the same speed ratio of impeller and transmission output shaft is in transmission connection, the pumping loss existing while avoiding retarder idle running, and the braking force that retarder is produced with speed ratio state underdrive in transmission output shaft, reduce the loss of retarder braking acting, when reducing oil consumption, improve braking effect.

In the present embodiment, described impeller is realized and being connected with the separation of synchronizeing of transmission output shaft by a separated connection set, described separated connection set comprise with the joint gear ring I 19 of transmission output shaft 18 spline joints, with the coaxial joint gear ring II 20 that arranges and be fixedly connected with described impeller of described joint gear ring I 19 with synchronize separation and be connected the clutch-type synchronizer 21 of described joint gear ring I 19 and joint gear ring II 20; Clutch-type synchronizer refers to that the control mode of synchronizer synchronous working is with separation or the combining form realization of clutch, when this synchronizer receives in conjunction with (or separated) order, synchronous lock ring engages (or separated) with engaging gear ring, can realize the non-rigid synchronous connection (or interruption) of the diaxon of different rotating speeds; The pumping loss existing while adopting clutch-type synchronizer can avoid traditional retarder idle running, improves transmission efficiency, and in conjunction with the corresponding electronic control of control system, in the time of can realizing automobile brake, the retarder requirement of response fast, reduces additional oil consumption.

In the present embodiment, described control valve 9 is electric rotating magnet valve, and described control valve 9 is coated at pipe box 22 realizations of transmission output shaft and being fixedly connected with of described rotating disc by one; As shown in Figure 1, pipe box is coated at transmission output shaft, and one end of pipe box is fixedly connected with control valve or detachable connection, and housing is fixedly connected with rotating disc or detachable connection with fixed tray described in the other end hermetically passing; Placement is simple in structure, and is easy to realize, and makes the control valve can synchronization control rotating disc, improves the speed of response of rotating disc; In addition, between pipe box and housing, and all add seal arrangement between pipe box and fixed tray and rotating disc, seal arrangement can be the seal ring adapting with pipe box practical structures, as O RunddichtringO etc., also can be other existing seal arrangement, as long as can realize being tightly connected between pipe box and housing, rotating disc and fixed tray; Control valve in the present embodiment adopts electric rotating magnet valve formula IACV (Idle Air Control Valve), and the rotor of this valve is a cylindrical permanent magnet, and its stator is two positioned opposite, opposite polarity electromagnetic coil.When control system is sent signal to control valve, sort signal is that two pulse electrical signals identical with frequency, single spin-echo are controlled the size of these two solenoid current simultaneously, thereby produce two vary in size, the electromagnetic field of opposite direction, the magnet rotor of electric rotating magnet valve differs in size at these two, deflect to a certain angle and keep motionless under opposite polarity magnetic fields.On the axle of this valve rotor, be fixed wtih the pipe box that connects rotating disc, when pipe box rotates with rotary valve, rotating disc will be in position or as shown in Figure 3 position as shown in Figure 2.

In the present embodiment, described control system comprises brake petal, sensor and electronic processors, described sensor setting is on described brake petal and for detection of brake petal displacement, described sensor is connected with described electronic processors and the electronic signal that described brake petal Displacement Analysis is made is transmitted to described electronic processors, described electronic processors is connected with described control valve with described clutch-type synchronizer, meanwhile, electronic processors is also connected with switch valve II with above-mentioned switch valve I; The degree that electronic processors is stepped on brake petal according to driver responds, when gently stepping on brake petal (now brake petal displacement is minimum), the degree of stepping on is outside the scope of active electron processor, and clutch-type synchronizer does not receive order, and retarder is not worked; When stepping on brake petal (now brake petal displacement is in middle position) to a certain degree time, electronic processors is activated, and retarder starts to carry out low speed braking work, only has by wing pump oil and carries out independent brake; When stepping on brake petal more time (now brake petal displacement is in maximum value), electronic processors is activated, retarder starts to carry out high speed braking work, by wing pump oil and stationary part inject high pressure fluid, impeller is formed to reaction force double brake; This double-action hydrodynamic retarder is equipped with in use sensor and electronic processors combination is accurately controlled clutch type synchronizer and switch valve, and by stepping on brake petal practical function, facilitate driver to use in conjunction with actual conditions, simple to operate and safety reliability is strong, can make this double-action hydrodynamic retarder make intelligent response according to Vehicle Driving Cycle situation, the automation of fluid is controlled and had more high-accuracy operation.

Finally explanation is, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to the technical solution of the utility model to be described, although the utility model is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify or be equal to replacement the technical solution of the utility model, and not departing from aim and the scope of technical solutions of the utility model, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. a double-action hydrodynamic retarder, comprise housing, control system and the heat exchanger and the fuel tank that are communicated with described housing, it is characterized in that: described housing inner chamber be provided with impeller and when braking at a high speed to the high pressure fuel injector device of described impeller oil spout, described high pressure fuel injector device is separated into described housing inner chamber for the vacuum work chamber of described impeller work with for laying in the shoe cream room of high-pressure injection fluid, described housing is provided with the oil duct that is communicated with described vacuum work chamber and shoe cream room, the high speed braking oil outlet that is also provided with the low speed braking oil outlet being communicated with described shoe cream room on described housing and is communicated with described vacuum work chamber, described low speed braking oil outlet and the equal open-close type of described high speed braking oil outlet are communicated in described heat exchanger, also comprise the control valve of controlling the work of described high pressure fuel injector device when being arranged at housing outward and braking for high speed.

2. double-action hydrodynamic retarder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described high pressure fuel injector device comprise the fixed tray that is sealedly and fixedly connected with inner walls and with described fixed tray coaxially near the rotating disc arranging, on described rotating disc and described fixed tray, along circumference is radially corresponding the rectangle groove that several can communicate is set, described rotating disc controls by described control valve the connection that rotation realizes rectangle groove.

3. double-action hydrodynamic retarder according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described rectangle groove is obliquely installed, and the layout of the blade of its true dip direction and angle of inclination and described impeller adapts.

4. double-action hydrodynamic retarder according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described impeller is connected with the output shaft synchronous separation of speed changer.

5. double-action hydrodynamic retarder according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described impeller is realized and being connected with the separation of synchronizeing of transmission output shaft by a separated connection set, described separated connection set comprise with the joint gear ring I of transmission output shaft spline joint, with the coaxial joint gear ring II that arranges and be fixedly connected with described impeller of described joint gear ring I with synchronize separation and be connected the clutch-type synchronizer of described joint gear ring I and joint gear ring II.

6. double-action hydrodynamic retarder according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described control valve is electric rotating magnet valve, and described control valve is coated at the pipe box realization of transmission output shaft and being fixedly connected with of described rotating disc by one.

7. double-action hydrodynamic retarder according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described control system comprises brake petal, sensor and electronic processors, described sensor setting is on described brake petal and for detection of brake petal displacement, described sensor is connected with described electronic processors and the electronic signal that described brake petal Displacement Analysis is made is transmitted to described electronic processors, and described electronic processors is connected with described control valve with described clutch-type synchronizer.