CN2034926U - Automatic fault display system for vehicle electrical equipments - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic fault display system for vehicle electrical equipment, for automatically detecting and displaying the fault of an automobile, a tractor and an auto-bicycle; the utility model comprises a fault displayer, an engine fault displayer, an igniting device fault displayer, a horn fault displayer and a light fault displayer. The work electrical signal in the vehicle electrical system is used to detect and display the electrical fault, which solves the automatic display problem of vehicle electrical fault and makes the clear of fault convenient and quick. The utility model has the advantages of small size, light weight, low cost, and high reliability, so can be used in various vehicles.

Description

Automatic fault display system for vehicle electrical equipments

The utility model be a kind of be installed on the automobile (comprising trac. and motor bike) can each assembly failure condition of automatic monitoring display automobile electric appliance system device.Belong to car electrics technology category.

Automobile electric appliance system, especially spark ignition engine are that the normal operation of the automobile electric appliance system of power is vital to travelling of automobile.Often because the electrical equipment et out of order of certain part brings considerable influence for the cruising of automobile, even it can not be started, hindered finishing of communications and transportation task.And cross-check sum gets rid of the car electrics fault for each driver in fact and not all be handy thing, and this not only needs knowledge but also need experience.When the driver to an own institute situation about not being very familiar to of driving under, it is difficult more to make cross-check sum get rid of apparatus failure.Therefore, a kind of car electrics fault automatic display system of display automobile apparatus failure automatically is very necessary for timely eliminating car electrics fault.But, the utility model openly before, this needs also can not come true.

Invention task of the present utility model provides a kind of being installed on automobile, trac. and the motor bike, can automatic monitoring display electric system each several part service condition and the car electrics fault automatic display system of trouble point.

Figure of description 1 is an aufbauprinciple block scheme of the present utility model.

Figure of description 2 is starter fault detector circuit diagrams of the present utility model.

Figure of description 3 is generator failure display circuits of the present utility model.

Figure of description 4 is ignitor failure display circuits of the present utility model.

Figure of description 5 is loudspeaker fault detector circuit diagrams of the present utility model.

Figure of description 6 is lighting fault display circuits of the present utility model.

Technical essential of the present utility model is at each assembly part of automobile electric appliance system some fault detectors to be set respectively, consists of a total fault display system. Each fault detector utilizes the some different signal of telecommunication that automobile electric appliance system duty and halted state produce and circuit joint form as the signal source of fault detect, the fault of each electric system method with photoelectric display is indicated, thereby finish invention task of the present utility model.

Following according to Figure of description, structure of the present utility model and principle of work are done concrete introduction:

Car electrics fault automatic display system is made of starter fault detector 1, generator failure telltale 2, ignitor failure telltale 3, loudspeaker fault detector 4 and lighting fault telltale 5.

The structure of starter fault detector is referring to Figure of description 2, and be made up of the fuse detection circuit, starting intermediate relay testing circuit and the starter testing circuit that are overlapped on the starter circuit capable: fuse detection circuit is the dichromatic LED LED that is connected across the wire fuse two ends by ₁, current-limiting resistance R ₁Form with earthing switch K overlap joint.When the starter system et out of order, closed ground switch K, can judge the mode of operation of wire fuse from the color of dichromatic LED, just often red and green color is simultaneously luminous, be orange, but indicate fuse one end does not have when bill coloured light, fault is blown fuse or bad contact, when not luminous, illustrate that this system does not have electricity, fire switch fault etc.; Starting intermediate relay testing circuit is by the relay J that is connected on starting intermediate relay 2 pin ₁With indicator lamp ZD ₁Overlap joint forms.During starter work, if intermediate relay J ₂Damage, then its 2nd pin does not have electricity, relay J ₁Discharge normally closed contact J _1-0Closure makes indicator lamp ZD ₁Light, indication starting intermediate relay damages; The starter testing circuit is by the relay J that is connected on the starter circuit capable ₄, J ₅, indicator lamp ZD ₂, ZD ₃Form with oscillating circuit NE555 and earthing switch K overlap joint.When carrying out the fault demonstration, if closed K does not start starter starter inner suction coil J ₃When opening circuit, relay J ₅Discharge normally closed contact J _5-1, J _5-2Closure, the 4th pin of connection oscillation circuit power and detection line NE555 can make oscillating circuit NE555 starting of oscillation, indicator lamp ZD ₂Light, J is described ₃Open circuit, if J ₃NE555 the 4th pin ground connection can not make its starting of oscillation during path.When starting starter, if the high-power contact A of starter, B bad contact or when burning out, then relay J ₄Adhesive, open contact J _4-0Closure, indicator lamp ZD ₃Bright.Indicate the high-power contact A of starter, B burns out.This fault is the most common apparatus failure of starter system.

The structure of generator failure telltale is referring to Figure of description 3, and be made up of the fuse detection circuit, electrical generator output detection circuit and the regulating control testing circuit that are overlapped on the generator circuit: fuse detection circuit is by LED ₂Constitute with resistance, with above-mentioned be provided with identical, repeated description no longer; The electrical generator output detection circuit is by a LED that is connected across generator output end and storage battery input end ₃With one by resistance R ₂, stabilivolt 2CW and LED ₄The voltage display circuit that is composed in series overlaps and forms, and when the inner rectifier cell of electrical generator damages, in the storage battery during reversal of current inflow generator, exports at electrical generator on the lead of storage battery and produces loss in voltage, can make LED ₃Luminous, indicate failure condition.For detection sensitivity is improved, also can in the electrical generator output line, be connected in series a little resistance Power Resistor, in case of necessity as 0.1～0.3 Ω 50W resistance.When the generator output voltage height, during the regulating control imbalance, too high output voltage punctures stabilivolt 2CW, makes LED ₄Luminous, indicate failure condition; The regulating control testing circuit is by diode D ₁, relay J ₆, indicator lamp ZD ₄ZD ₅Form with oscillating circuit NE555 overlap joint.Work as commutator point oxidized, the 2nd pin does not have electricity can not supply with exciting current the time, is connected on the relay J on 2 pin ₆Discharge normally closed contact J _6-2Closure makes indicator lamp ZD ₄Bright, indicate failure condition.The effect of regulating control loss of adjustment causes that generator output voltage is too high is indicated by the electrical generator output detection circuit.If pole winding L opens circuit, open earthing switch K, J when closing electric lock _6-1And J _6-3Two closings of contact make oscillating circuit NE555 satisfy starting condition for oscillation, then indicator lamp ZD ₅Light, can indicate failure condition, reason is to equal the 4th pin ground connection with NE555 when pole winding L path, can not form oscillating condition.

The structure of ignitor failure telltale is referring to Figure of description 4.Be made up of with high pressure generation detection display circuit the elementary testing circuit of fuse detection circuit, high-tension coil that is overlapped on the igniter circuit: fuse detection circuit is no longer introduced, by dichromatic LED LED with last identical ₅And resistance constitutes; The elementary testing circuit of high-tension coil is by relay J ₇, indicator lamp ZD ₆, earthing switch K and oscillating circuit NE555 overlap joint forms.Open circuit or be connected on current-limiting resistor R in elementary when high-tension coil is elementary ₃During open circuit, need not open the electric lock K switch ₁, as long as with earthing switch K closure, then relay J ₇Discharge its three groups of normally closed contact J _7-1, J _7-2, J _7-3Connect primary winding and current-limiting resistance R respectively ₃The two ends of series loop and oscillating circuit NE555 working power be not owing to have direct path, NE555 circuit starting of oscillation indicator lamp ZD between NE555 the 4th pin and the ground ₆Luminous, can point out failure condition.When the ignition system normal operation, J ₇The power supply and the detection line of this detection display circuit are cut off in adhesive automatically, thereby the automatic detection that reaches this circuit system fault shows; High pressure take place to detect display circuit by being connected on many groups capacitor C ' resistance R on high-tension coil high-voltage output line, the current distributor output line ' and neon tube N ' and be overlapped to form with capacitor C and neon tube N ' institute that the platinum contact joins respectively.Working properly when high-tension coil, high-voltage output line produces volt high pressure up to ten thousand, makes connected neon tube build-up of luminance, if the light-up plug of current distributor and each cylinder just often, high pressure is arranged also on each minute live wire in like manner, can make connected neon tube build-up of luminance, indicates service condition.When a certain distributor track or light-up plug et out of order, no high pressure or voltage reduce on this minute live wire, can make effective judgement from the build-up of luminance degree of neon tube.Its self induction voltage disappeared also can make and is connected superincumbent neon tube and extinguishes when equally, platinum contact and electric capacity took place to puncture.Here it is to be noted that this high pressure takes place to detect display circuit as long as its neon tube of engine operation is promptly luminous, can monitor demonstration to the engine ignition situation at any time, want when thinking it unnecessary or in order to prolong neon tube during service life, can its short circuit be gone into ground with one group of multipole switch, open again when needing.

The structure of loudspeaker fault detector is referring to Figure of description 5.Be made up of the fuse detection circuit and the loudspeaker testing circuit that are overlapped on the horn circuit: fuse detection circuit is by LED ₆Constitute with resistance, principle of work repeats no more; The loudspeaker testing circuit is by relay J ₈, J ₉, indicator lamp ZD ₇, ZD ₈Form with earthing switch K overlap joint.When carrying out the fault detection demonstration, connect earthing switch K, at this moment relay J ₈Not adhesive, normally closed contact J _8-0Connect ZD ₇Power supply, indicator lamp ZD ₇Bright, press horn punch after, if horn punch ground connection is good, give relay J ₈Provide over the ground that path makes its adhesive, cause normally closed contact J _8-0Disconnect, make indicator lamp ZD ₇Extinguish, provable horn punch is normal.If ZD behind the connection earthing switch K ₇Not working then illustrates horn punch loop shorted to earth, if horn relay J ₁₂When good, it is more than that fault shows as longtime call of horn with loudspeaker.In addition, connect earthing switch K, when pressing horn punch, indicator lamp ZD ₈Also should extinguish explanation horn relay J when or not ₁₂Damage.If J ₁₂When the contact scorification does not disconnect together, ZD then ₈By all not working not according to horn punch.Relay J ₉Contact J _9-0Be open contact.

The structure of lighting fault telltale is referring to Figure of description 6.It is made of fuse detection circuit, steering indicating light testing circuit, far and near light indicating circuit and stoplight stop lamp testing circuit: fuse detection circuit is by dichromatic LED LED ₇Be barricaded as with resistance, service condition is the same; The steering indicating light testing circuit is by relay J ₁₀With indicator lamp ZD ₉Form.As flasher relay J ₁₁Relay J just often ₁₀Adhesive, normally closed contact J _10-0Disconnect indicator lamp ZD ₉Not luminous.During the open close variation of steering indicating light when work flasher relay, ZD ₉Also flash.When flasher relay damages J when obstructed ₁₀Discharge ZD ₉Indicator lamp ZD when no matter lighting turn signal swich and where placing ₉All the time light, indicate failure condition; Far and near light indicating circuit is by dichromatic LED LED ₈Constitute with resistance.When beam deflector switch is changed, LED ₈Can send the light of different colours according to different situations, indicate the long-and-short distant light mode of operation,, change color even not luminous fully not take place then if Dim Dimmer damages; The stoplight stop lamp testing circuit is connected on the Shi Mite trigger circuit in stoplight stop lamp loop by one and the indicating device of an electronic switch control is formed.Its setting is at small resistor R of stoplight stop lamp loop serial connection ₄Loss in voltage when utilizing stoplight stop lamp work triggers the Shi Mite circuit, can make the electronic switch conducting make indicating device luminous when the Shi Mite circuit working.When a stoplight stop lamp damages R ₄Last loss in voltage reduces, and makes Shi Mite trigger circuit job insecurity, and the electronic switch intermittent use causes indicating device to glisten.When two stoplight stop lamps all damage R ₄On voltage be zero, can't make the work of Shi Mite trigger circuit, indicating device is not luminous.Shi Mite trigger circuit disclosed herein are by BG ₁, BG ₂Form, electronic switch is by BG ₃Form, indicating device is a LED ₉

Here it is public to it is to be noted in above-mentioned each telltale that mentioned earthing switch K can adopt, and also can be provided with respectively, can be decided according to the actual requirements.K in the Figure of description ₁Be automobile electric lock switch, the starting switch of other each several parts no longer marks, because be very familiar to the those skilled in the art.

The utility model utilizes comparatively simple circuit configuration, has solved the detection and the demonstration of automobile most common failure, for rapid eliminating car electrics fault, guarantees that the normal safety traffic of vehicle is very practical.Because simple structure of the present utility model, volume is little, cost is low, thereby very suitable popularization and application.The traffic and transportation sector that Automobile manufacturing, repacking industry or use are relatively concentrated all is easy to install and use, and applies to have the remarkable economical effect.In addition, each component part of the present utility model also can use separately, and the fault detection of finishing a certain assembly part of automobile electric appliance system shows task.

Below by Figure of description 2～6, an embodiment of the present utility model is done further introduction.This embodiment is suitable for homemade Beijing 212 jeep circuit layout to be implemented.Among the embodiment: the LED of starter fault detector ₁Be red and green color light-emitting diode, R ₁Be 910 Ω carboloy resistors, J ₁, J ₄Be JAG-1-HA reed switch relay, J ₅Be the JAG-2-HA reed switch relay, indicator lamp ZD ₁, ZD ₂, ZD ₃Be the 12V0.1A pilot bulb; The LED of generator failure telltale ₂Be red green light-emitting diode, LED ₃, LED ₄Be red light emitting diodes, J ₆Be the JAG-3-HA reed switch relay, stabilivolt 2CW is the 2CW33 silicon voltage regulator diode, D ₁Be 2CZ20 silicon rectifier diode, ZD ₄, ZD ₅Be the 12V0.1A pilot bulb; The LED of ignitor failure telltale ₅Be red and green color light-emitting diode, J ₇Be JZX-12V miniature intermediate relay, ZD ₆Be the 12V0.1A pilot bulb, C ' the electric capacity of high-pressure section adopts multiply plastics flexible cord to form around 1～3 circle on high-pressure ignition wire, R ' is 1～10M Ω high-tension resistive, and capacitor C is paper Jie betal can sealed capacitor of 0.001 μ f400V, the neon tube small-sized neon bulb of starting voltage less than 100V; The LED of loudspeaker fault detector ₆Be red and green color light-emitting diode, relay J ₈, J ₉Be JAG-1-HA reed switch relay, ZD ₇, ZD ₈Adopt the 12V0.1A pilot bulb; LED in the lighting fault telltale ₇, LED ₈Adopt the red and green color light-emitting diode, relay J ₁₀Adopt the JAG-1-HA reed switch relay, LED ₉Adopt red light emitting diodes, ZD ₉Use the 12V0.1A pilot bulb, R ₄Adopt 0.07 Ω～0.1 Ω 20W wire wound resistor, BG ₁BG ₂, BG ₃Can adopt 3CK series silicon small power switch aerotron; Present embodiment K has adopted a common single-pole single-throw (SPST) toggle switch, and oscillating circuit has adopted common time base that the oscillating circuit that ic 555 constitutes takes place, and has adopted NE555 in the present embodiment.In addition, the indicator lamp ZD in the present embodiment ₁～ZD ₉Also can adopt light-emitting diode and current-limiting resistor circuit series to substitute, can reduce the volume of telltale like this, increase its reliability.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of car electrics fault automatic display system is characterized in that being made of starter fault detector 1, generator failure telltale 2, ignitor failure telltale 3, loudspeaker fault detector 4 and lighting fault telltale 5 and earthing switch K.

2, according to the described car electrics fault of claim 1 automatic display system, it is characterized in that starter fault detector 1, comprise dichromatic LED LED ₁With current-limiting resistance R ₁Fuse detection circuit, the relay J formed ₁With indicator lamp ZD ₁Starting intermediate relay testing circuit, the relay J formed ₄J ₅With indicator lamp ZD ₂ZD ₃And starter testing circuit three parts that oscillating circuit NE555 is formed constitute.

3,, it is characterized in that generator failure telltale 2 comprises dichromatic LED LED according to the described car electrics fault of claim 1 automatic display system ₂Fuse detection circuit, LED with the resistance composition ₃LED ₄And resistance R ₂Electrical generator output detection circuit, relay J that stabilivolt 2CW overlap joint is formed ₆With indicator lamp ZD ₄ZD ₅And oscillating circuit NE555 diode D ₁Regulating control testing circuit three parts that are overlapped to form constitute.

4,, it is characterized in that ignitor failure telltale 3 comprises dichromatic LED LED according to the described car electrics fault of claim 1 automatic display system ₅Fuse detection circuit, relay J with the resistor composition ₇With indicator lamp ZD ₆And the elementary testing circuit of high-tension coil that is overlapped to form of oscillating circuit NE555, organize more capacitor C ' resistance R ' and the high pressure that is overlapped to form of neon tube N ' and the capacitor C of joining with the platinum contact and neon tube N ' display circuit three parts take place to detect constitutes.

5,, it is characterized in that it being that loudspeaker fault detector 4 comprises dichromatic LED LED according to the described car electrics fault of claim 1 automatic display system ₆Wire fuse silk testing circuit, relay J with the resistance composition ₈J ₉With indicator lamp ZD ₇ZD ₈The loudspeaker testing circuit two parts that are overlapped to form constitute.

6,, it is characterized in that lighting fault telltale 5 comprises dichromatic LED LED according to the described car electrics fault of claim 1 automatic display system ₇Fuse detection circuit, relay J with the resistance composition ₁₀With indicator lamp ZD ₉The steering indicating light testing circuit, the dichromatic LED LED that form ₈The far and near light indicating circuit, the resistance R that are overlapped to form with resistance ₄And BG ₁BG ₂The Shi Mite trigger circuit and the BG that form ₃Indicating device (the LED of the electronic switch control that constitutes ₉) stoplight stop lamp testing circuit four parts formed constitute.

7, according to claim 1,2,3,4,5,6 described car electrics fault automatic display systems, it is characterized in that: earthing switch K is the single-pole single-throw (SPST) toggle switch, LED ₁, LED ₂, LED ₅, LED ₆, LED ₇, LED ₈Be red and green color light-emitting diode, LED ₃, LED ₄LED ₉Be red light emitting diodes, indicator lamp ZD ₁～ZD ₉Be 12V0.1A pilot bulb, BG ₁～BG ₃Can adopt 3CK series silicon small power switch aerotron, relay J ₁, J ₄, J ₅, J ₆, J ₈, J ₉, J ₁₀Be JAG series reed switch relay, relay J ₇Be the JZX-12V miniature intermediate relay.

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