CN203490877U - Standing wave generation and demonstration device of longitudinal wave - Google Patents
Standing wave generation and demonstration device of longitudinal wave Download PDFInfo
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- CN203490877U CN203490877U CN201320656332.6U CN201320656332U CN203490877U CN 203490877 U CN203490877 U CN 203490877U CN 201320656332 U CN201320656332 U CN 201320656332U CN 203490877 U CN203490877 U CN 203490877U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a standing wave generation and demonstration device of longitudinal waves. The device comprises a main controller, an amplification circuit, a loudspeaker, a glass tube and a plurality of pressure sensors. The main controller is used for controlling the amplification circuit to generate a sound wave. The loudspeaker is used for inputting the sound wave into the glass tube. The glass tube is provided with liquid. When the sound wave is transmitted in the glass tube, the sound wave can be reflected from the other end of the glass tube, and the reflected sound wave and the transmitting sound wave are overlapped to form a standing wave. The device can generate and simulate standing waves generated by longitudinal waves at various environments.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of instruments used for education field, and the standing wave that relates in particular to a kind of compressional wave generates and apparatus for demonstrating.
Background technology
Standing wave be in the stack of ripple the most simply, the most basic phenomenon.When two or more ripples meet in same place, the displacement of particle is the displacement sum of each fluctuation, the stack of Here it is ripple.When the phase differential of two train waves is π, the form of stack is standing wave, and its peak swing place is called antinode, and minimum amplitude place is called node.If two row wave amplitudes are equal, node amplitude is zero.
The phenomenon of standing wave and formation are the knowledge that requires student to grasp in physical basis teaching, and the forming process of understanding standing wave is to learn the basis of the stack of ripple and the interference of ripple below, so the knowledge of understanding and grasp standing wave is an important link in study.Although standing wave be in the stack of ripple the most simply, the most basic phenomenon, also be quite general phenomenon in life, that but people's sense organ is often difficult to is complete, feel visually this phenomenon, thereby people are not deep to the perceptual knowledge of standing wave, so for student, use standing wave demonstrator to be very important in teaching.In prior art, the apparatus for demonstrating of standing wave has many, and the use in teaching is also quite general, as what many Educational Instrument Factories produced, with loudspeaker, makes the Frequency Adjustable standing wave demonstrator of vibration source; Also useful eccentric motor is made the Frequency Adjustable demonstration device of vibration source etc.
Shear wave and compressional wave all can be by reflecting to form standing wave, and the standing wave that shear wave produces is easy to observe, but the standing wave that compressional wave produces is difficult to by the observation of apparatus visual pattern.Give an example, one bridge block, the impact that not only has wind (shear wave) and the vehicle above it that it is suffered, also has the impact of a lot of sound (compressional wave) or other compressional waves, we will make the antinodal point of amplitude maximum in standing wave not appear on bridge as far as possible, or appear on bridge relatively firmly locally, and that the node that makes to keep static appears at is relatively not too firmly local, thereby fully extends the serviceable life of bridge.If be only can not simulate sound (or other compressional waves) to its impact with the experimental provision of shear wave standing wave.Therefore, research compressional wave has a great deal of practical meanings equally.
Sound wave is a kind of common compressional wave, therefore can utilize sound wave reflection, stack to produce the standing wave of compressional wave.In College Physics Demonstration Experiment, be mainly to utilize Kundt tube to demonstrate sound standing wave phenomenon at present.Kundt tube mainly consists of base, loudspeaker, glass tube, kerosene.In experiment, low frequency generator drives loudspeaker to the sound wave of launching different frequency in pipe, and the other end of glass tube becomes wave reflection face.When incident acoustic wave and reflective sound wave meet certain relation, stack forms standing wave mutually.In standing wave, near air molecule nodal point remains transfixion, and near air molecule amplitude antinodal point is maximum, and other each points are with different amplitude vibrations.Therefore, the pressure of antinode place air is minimum, and kerosene is picked up, and forms fountain; And kerosene maintenance in nodal point place is static.
In sound standing wave apparatus for demonstrating of the prior art, function ratio is more single, and the sound wave that can only observe different frequency by kerosene produces the phenomenon of standing wave, and can only by ruler rough measure the velocity of sound, can there is larger error.Yet in actual environment, the humidity of gas, temperature and density can often change, now, existing sound standing wave apparatus for demonstrating can not be to producing what practical significance in reality, and this is also just difficult to apply to some extent in association area.
Utility model content
The utility model produces in view of above-mentioned technical matters.The purpose of this utility model is that the standing wave that proposes a kind of compressional wave generates and apparatus for demonstrating, and it can produce and simulate the standing wave that under various environment, multiple compressional wave produces.In addition, device of the present utility model, can also calculate the velocity of propagation of gas under different condition exactly.
Embodiment of the present utility model provides a kind of standing wave of compressional wave to generate and apparatus for demonstrating, comprises master controller, amplifying circuit, loudspeaker, glass tube and a plurality of pressure transducer; Master controller, amplifying circuit, loudspeaker, glass tube are connected successively; A plurality of pressure transducers are positioned at the diverse location on glass tube top, and described a plurality of pressure transducer is connected with master controller; Master controller, produces sound wave for controlling amplifying circuit; Master controller, also, for obtaining a plurality of force value from described a plurality of pressure transducers, obtains the gaseous tension numerical value of diverse location in glass tube thus; Amplifying circuit, for generation of sound wave, and is input in loudspeaker; Loudspeaker, for being input to glass tube by sound wave; In glass tube, there is liquid; When sound wave is propagated in glass tube, can reflect at the other end of glass tube, with the sound wave the sending formation standing wave that mutually superposes.
Further, pressure controller is also installed on glass tube; Described master controller, also regulates the density of glass tube gas for controlled pressure controller and pressure transducer.
Further, temperature sensor and temperature controller are also installed on glass tube; Described master controller, also regulates the temperature of glass tube gas for controlling temperature sensor and temperature controller.
Further, humidity sensor and humidity controller are also installed on glass tube; Described master controller, also regulates the humidity of glass tube gas for controlled humidity sensor and humidity controller.
Further, described device also comprises display; And master controller, also for calculating sound at the velocity of propagation u=of current gas λ ν according to the wavelength X of sound wave and frequency ν, and shows the humidity of gas, temperature, density and the velocity of sound that calculates by display.
Further, master controller, also for demonstrating at display the gas pressure intensity figure simulating in glass tube in proportion.
Further, in the utility model, described gas is air, and described liquid is kerosene.
Further, described amplifying circuit is adjustable amplifying circuit; Described master controller, the sound wave frequency also producing for controlling adjustable amplifying circuit.
Further, described device also comprises support, and described glass tube is positioned on support.
Compared with prior art, adopt standing wave generation and the apparatus for demonstrating of compressional wave of the present utility model to there is following beneficial effect:
(1) standing wave of compressional wave of the present utility model generates and apparatus for demonstrating can accurately be set by the master controller in device and various parameter sensors, controller the parameters such as humidity, temperature and density of gas in glass tube, produce thus and simulate the standing wave that under various environment, multiple compressional wave produces, by research, node and antinode are distributed in again and want the position of their appearance, thereby instruct practical field.Therefore this device can be applicable to engineering and building engineering field or the other fields such as railway, highway, bridge, has very large practical application and practical guided significance.
(2) generation of the standing wave of compressional wave of the present utility model and apparatus for demonstrating can also utilize various sensors automatically to measure the parameters on the glass tube of sound wave demonstration, thereby can obtain exactly the velocity of propagation situation of change of gas under different condition.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In conjunction with accompanying drawing subsequently, from detailed description below, can apparently draw above-mentioned and other object of the present utility model, feature and advantage.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows according to the standing wave generation of compressional wave of the present utility model and the structural drawing of apparatus for demonstrating;
Fig. 2 shows according to the standing wave generation of compressional wave of the present utility model and the circuit block diagram of apparatus for demonstrating.
Embodiment
For comprehend the utility model and advantage thereof, below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the utility model is described in detail.
First, introduce the factor that affects sound propagation velocity (velocity of sound).The velocity of sound, as the term suggests be the speed of sound, is defined as the distance that unit interval internal vibration ripple transmits.The velocity of sound is relevant with the material status (density, temperature, pressure etc.) of Transfer Medium, and irrelevant with the speed of sounder (wave source) itself, and sounder (wave source) and hearer (observer) if between have relative motion relation, just formed Doppler effect.Viewpoint thus, we can know, many physical phenomenons during supersonic speed, such as seismic wave, sonic boom, sound barrier etc., in fact irrelevant with sound, but the physical phenomenon that the intensive accumulation of wave of compression produces.Conventionally the velocity of sound refers to the aerial velocity of sound, is 343.2 meter per seconds.The velocity of sound can have different numerical value according to state (as humidity, temperature, the density) difference of air again.As the sea level velocity of sound of zero centigrade is about 331.5 meter per seconds (1193 kilometers/hour); The velocity of sound of one meters altitude is about 295 meter per seconds (1062 kilometers/hour); Every rising is 1 degree Celsius in addition, and the velocity of sound just increases by 0.607 meter per second.
Embodiment of the present utility model provides a kind of standing wave of compressional wave to generate and apparatus for demonstrating, comprises master controller, amplifying circuit, loudspeaker, glass tube and a plurality of pressure transducer; Master controller, amplifying circuit, loudspeaker, glass tube are connected successively; A plurality of pressure transducers are positioned at the diverse location on glass tube top, and described a plurality of pressure transducer is connected with master controller; Master controller, produces sound wave for controlling amplifying circuit; Master controller, also, for obtaining a plurality of force value from described a plurality of pressure transducers, obtains the gaseous tension numerical value of diverse location in glass tube thus; Amplifying circuit, for generation of sound wave, and is input in loudspeaker; Loudspeaker, for being input to glass tube by sound wave; In glass tube, there is liquid; When sound wave is propagated in glass tube, can reflect at the other end of glass tube, with the sound wave the sending formation standing wave that mutually superposes.
Further, pressure controller is also installed on glass tube; Described master controller, also regulates the density of glass tube gas for controlled pressure controller and pressure transducer.
Further, temperature sensor and temperature controller are also installed on glass tube; Described master controller, also regulates the temperature of glass tube gas for controlling temperature sensor and temperature controller.
Further, humidity sensor and humidity controller are also installed on glass tube; Described master controller, also regulates the humidity of glass tube gas for controlled humidity sensor and humidity controller.
Further, described device also comprises display; And master controller, also for going out the velocity of sound according to the humidity of gas, temperature, density calculation, and shows the humidity of gas, temperature, density and the velocity of sound that calculates by display.
Further, master controller, also for demonstrating at display the gas pressure intensity figure simulating in glass tube in proportion.
Further, in the utility model, described gas is air, and described liquid is kerosene.
Further, described amplifying circuit is adjustable amplifying circuit; Described master controller, the sound wave frequency also producing for controlling adjustable amplifying circuit.
Further, described device also comprises support, and described glass tube is positioned on support.
Below, with reference to Fig. 1-2, to describing in detail according to the standing wave generation of compressional wave of the present utility model and the composition structure of apparatus for demonstrating.
The standing wave of compressional wave of the present utility model generates and apparatus for demonstrating comprises: loudspeaker 1, glass tube 2, support 4, amplifying circuit 5, master controller 6, display 7, pressure transducer 8, temperature sensor 9, humidity sensor 10, pressure controller 11, temperature controller 12, humidity controller 13, wherein:
The input end of loudspeaker 1 is connected with amplifying circuit 5, and output terminal is connected with wherein one end of glass tube 2.Loudspeaker 1 is exported sound wave in glass tube 2 through output terminal.Sound wave can be propagated in glass tube 2, and reflects and the sound wave formation interference of sending at the other end of glass tube 2, makes the atmospheric pressure of diverse location different, thereby produces " fountain " phenomenon in the bottom of glass tube 2 branch.
Glass tube 2, is positioned on support 4.One end of glass tube 2 is connected with the output terminal of loudspeaker 1, and the other end has been installed temperature sensor 9, humidity sensor 10, pressure controller 11, temperature controller 12, humidity controller 13.In the utility model, in glass tube 2, filled one deck kerosene 3.In addition, a plurality of pressure transducers 8 have been installed above glass tube 2, each pressure transducer 8 is for obtaining the force value of its position, and the pressure value of diverse location is sent on master controller 6, by master controller 6, process by analysis the air pressure numerical value that obtains diverse location in glass tube 2.Wherein, the quantity of the pressure transducer 8 of installation can arrange according to actual needs.
Amplifying circuit 5, it is connected with master controller 6, for generation of sound wave, and is input in loudspeaker 1.In the utility model, described amplifying circuit 5 is adjustable amplifying circuit, and controls by master controller 6 the sound wave frequency producing.
At this, it should be noted that, the air in glass tube 2 also can change other gases into, and kerosene 3 can be replaced with other liquid, thus the standing wave phenomena that produces and simulate multiple situation.
Introduce the standing wave generation of compressional wave of the present utility model and the method that apparatus for demonstrating produces longitudinal stationary wave below:
When loudspeaker 1 sends sound wave from one end of glass tube 2, sound wave can be propagated in glass tube 2, and reflect and the sound wave formation interference of sending at the other end of glass tube 2, make the atmospheric pressure of diverse location different, thereby produce " fountain " phenomenon in the bottom of glass tube 2 branch.And on the top of glass tube 2, air can produce different pressure to a plurality of pressure transducers 8, so just can the pressure value of diverse location be sent on master controller 6 by pressure transducer 8, thereby process the air pressure numerical value that obtains accurately diverse location in glass tube 2 by analysis.
In addition, master controller 6 can also be for demonstrating the atmospheric pressure figure of simulation in glass tube 2 in proportion at display 7.Experimenter just can contrast with the Vibration Condition of kerosene 3 in glass tube in reality 2 thus.Here said atmospheric pressure figure in other words after loudspeaker 1 starts the gas in glass tube 2 owing to being subject to the impact of sound wave, can make the pressure of every all change, but these variations can by being arranged on the row of upper part of glass tube 2, enough the real-time monitoring of intensive pressure transducer 8 be out, and the pressure value of diverse location is sent on master controller 6, thereby process the air pressure numerical value that obtains accurately diverse location in glass tube 2 by analysis.And then according to the pressure value of these each coordinate positions, the ratio according to the position of the length of actual glass pipe 2 and its inner each pressure transducer 8 demonstrates oscillogram in display 7.The horizontal ordinate of this figure is length (the namely position in simulate glass pipe 2), ordinate is pressure, the curve map of drawing out like this with regard to vivid reflection pressure in glass tube 2 distribute, again the liquid vibration situation in this figure and actual glass pipe 2 is contrasted, will find the crest (or trough) of oscillogram on display 7, can be trough (or crest) haply in the same position of glass tube 2 in reality.If ordinate is made as to the negative value of pressure, the liquid waveform that its waveform will be seen with reality in glass tube 2 is much the same.
Compared with prior art, adopt standing wave generation and the apparatus for demonstrating of compressional wave of the present utility model to there is following beneficial effect:
(1) standing wave of compressional wave of the present utility model generates and apparatus for demonstrating can accurately be set by the master controller in device and various parameter sensors, controller the parameters such as humidity, temperature and density of gas in glass tube, produce thus and simulate the standing wave that under various environment, multiple compressional wave produces, by research, node and antinode are distributed in again and want the position of their appearance, thereby instruct practical field.Therefore this device can be applicable to engineering and building engineering field or the other fields such as railway, highway, bridge, has very large practical application and practical guided significance.
(2) generation of the standing wave of compressional wave of the present utility model and apparatus for demonstrating can also utilize various sensors automatically to measure the parameters on the glass tube of sound wave demonstration, thereby can obtain exactly the velocity of propagation situation of change of gas under different condition.
In addition, can apparently draw other advantages and modification for the person of ordinary skill of the art.Therefore the utility model that, has more extensive areas is not limited to shown and described illustrating and exemplary embodiment here.Therefore,, in the situation that do not depart from the spirit and scope by the defined general utility model design of claim and equivalents thereof subsequently, can make various modifications to it.
Claims (10)
1. the standing wave of compressional wave generates and an apparatus for demonstrating, it is characterized in that this device comprises master controller, amplifying circuit, loudspeaker, glass tube and a plurality of pressure transducer; Wherein:
Master controller, amplifying circuit, loudspeaker, glass tube are connected successively; A plurality of pressure transducers are positioned at the diverse location on glass tube top, and described a plurality of pressure transducer is connected with master controller;
Master controller, produces sound wave for controlling amplifying circuit; Master controller, also, for obtaining a plurality of force value from described a plurality of pressure transducers, obtains the gaseous tension numerical value of diverse location in glass tube thus;
Amplifying circuit, for generation of sound wave, and is input in loudspeaker;
Loudspeaker, for being input to glass tube by sound wave;
In glass tube, there is liquid; When sound wave is propagated in glass tube, can reflect at the other end of glass tube, with the sound wave the sending formation standing wave that mutually superposes.
2. the standing wave of compressional wave according to claim 1 generates and apparatus for demonstrating, wherein:
Pressure controller is also installed on glass tube, and described pressure controller is connected with master controller;
Described master controller, also regulates the density of glass tube gas for controlled pressure controller and pressure transducer.
3. the standing wave of compressional wave according to claim 2 generates and apparatus for demonstrating, wherein:
Temperature sensor and temperature controller are also installed on glass tube, and described temperature sensor is connected with master controller respectively with temperature controller;
Described master controller, also regulates the temperature of glass tube gas for controlling temperature sensor and temperature controller.
4. according to the standing wave of the compressional wave described in claim 1-3 any one, generate and apparatus for demonstrating, wherein:
Humidity sensor and humidity controller are also installed on glass tube, and described humidity sensor is connected with master controller respectively with humidity controller;
Described master controller, also regulates the humidity of glass tube gas for controlled humidity sensor and humidity controller.
5. the standing wave of compressional wave according to claim 4 generates and apparatus for demonstrating, and wherein said device also comprises display, and described display is connected with master controller; And
Master controller, also for calculating sound at the velocity of propagation u=of current gas λ ν according to the wavelength X of sound wave and frequency ν, and shows the humidity of gas, temperature, density and the velocity of sound that calculates by display.
6. the standing wave of compressional wave according to claim 5 generates and apparatus for demonstrating, wherein:
Master controller, also for demonstrating at display the gas pressure intensity figure simulating in glass tube in proportion.
7. according to the standing wave of the compressional wave described in claim 1-3 and 5-6 any one, generate and apparatus for demonstrating, wherein said gas is air.
8. according to the standing wave of the compressional wave described in claim 1-3 and 5-6 any one, generate and apparatus for demonstrating, wherein said liquid is kerosene.
9. according to the standing wave of the compressional wave described in claim 1-3 and 5-6 any one, generate and apparatus for demonstrating, wherein:
Described amplifying circuit is adjustable amplifying circuit;
Described master controller, the sound wave frequency also producing for controlling adjustable amplifying circuit.
10. according to the standing wave of the compressional wave described in claim 1-3 and 5-6 any one, generate and apparatus for demonstrating, wherein said device also comprises support, and described glass tube is positioned on support.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201320656332.6U CN203490877U (en) | 2013-10-23 | 2013-10-23 | Standing wave generation and demonstration device of longitudinal wave |
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| CN201320656332.6U CN203490877U (en) | 2013-10-23 | 2013-10-23 | Standing wave generation and demonstration device of longitudinal wave |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103559821A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-02-05 | 国家电网公司 | Standing wave generating and demonstrating device of lengthwise waves |
| CN103700308A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-04-02 | 国家电网公司 | Switch cabinet condensation simulation device |
| CN110721868A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-01-24 | 赵雅琴 | Stay-supported dynamic water curtain landscape |
-
2013
- 2013-10-23 CN CN201320656332.6U patent/CN203490877U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103559821A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-02-05 | 国家电网公司 | Standing wave generating and demonstrating device of lengthwise waves |
| CN103700308A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-04-02 | 国家电网公司 | Switch cabinet condensation simulation device |
| CN110721868A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-01-24 | 赵雅琴 | Stay-supported dynamic water curtain landscape |
| CN110721868B (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2021-09-28 | 赵雅琴 | Stay-supported dynamic water curtain landscape |
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