Utility model content
For the above-mentioned defect of prior art, the utility model will solve the problems such as iron loss that existing permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine produces due to stator teeth notching structure is large.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides a kind of double-rotor machine, stator and rotor are wherein housed in the cavity being formed by front end housing, rear end cap and casing, wherein, the stator core of described stator is the cylindrical structure of first end opening, on the inside and outside surface of described stator core, is wound with at least two phase windings; Described rotor comprises a yoke steel bushing, and described yoke steel bushing is the double-deck cylindrical structure of the second end opening, at the outer surface of described yoke steel bushing internal layer, internal rotor magnet steel is housed, and at the outer field inner surface of described yoke steel bushing, external rotor magnet steel is housed; The first end of described stator core inserts between its internal layer and skin through the second end of described yoke steel bushing, makes stator core between internal rotor magnet steel and external rotor magnet steel; Described internal rotor magnet steel and external rotor magnet steel comprise respectively interior magnetic links and the outer steel sheet that number of magnetic poles is 2P, in each magnetic links and an outer steel sheet over against and both pole polarity identical, wherein P is magnetic pole logarithm.
In the utility model double-rotor machine preferred version, the second end of described stator core is arranged on stator seat, and described stator seat refills in described rear end cap inner side; The inner surface of described yoke steel bushing internal layer is sleeved on armature spindle; The first end of described armature spindle is contained on front end housing by fore bearing and from the output shaft of the protruding formation motor of front end housing, the second end of described armature spindle is contained on rear end cap by rear bearing.
In the utility model double-rotor machine preferred version, the first insulating end plate and the second insulating end plate are equipped with in the two ends of described stator core; A uniform Z=2Pm projection on described first, second insulating end plate, for separating and locating each phase winding, wherein Z is the empty groove number of motor, m is the number of phases of motor.
In the utility model double-rotor machine preferred version, described magnetic pole logarithm P should meet π D/2P≤40mm, and wherein D is the external diameter of described stator core; The span of the thick H of cylinder of described stator core is H=(π D/4P~π D/20P).
In the utility model double-rotor machine preferred version, described motor is the three-phase motor with permanent magnets of number of phases m=3; Wherein U, V, W tri-phase windings are parallel to described armature spindle coiling on the inside and outside surface of described stator core, and along the circumferencial direction translation of described stator core.Wherein, described U, V, W tri-phase winding mid points are connected and form Y connected mode, or described U, V, W tri-phase windings form three-phase absolute coil winding.Preferably, described motor pole number can be 2P=12, every extremely every 4 circles of getting mutually of winding wherein, every phase 48 circles.
In the utility model double-rotor machine preferred version, described motor is the two phase permanent magnet motor of number of phases m=2, wherein A, B two phase windings are parallel to described armature spindle coiling on the inside and outside surface of described stator core, and along the circumferencial direction translation of described stator core, form two-phase absolute coil winding.
In the utility model double-rotor machine preferred version, described stator core is overrided to form by ring-shaped silicon steel sheet, and the thickness of described silicon steel sheet is 0.35~0.5mm.
Motor of the present utility model can be used in the products such as fan, compressor.Fan wherein comprises blade and drive motors, and described drive motors is double-rotor machine of the present utility model.Compressor wherein, comprises fuselage, cylinder part, running part, and the drive motors being connected with described running part, and same, described drive motors is double-rotor machine of the present utility model.
By technique scheme, can be found out, in double-rotor machine of the present utility model, adopt the birotor magnet steel design in repulsion magnetic field, non-groove stator iron core, guarantee that most of magnetic line of force vertically enters stator core and produces effective torque, then form the tangential magnetic field consistent with motor direction of rotation, thereby the character that makes iron loss becomes the loss of iron core surface eddy, and the numerical value of iron loss declines to a great extent.The stator winding of the utility model motor adopts annular coiling, and winding overhang reduces several times, and end copper loss is significantly reduced.
The power density of the utility model double-rotor machine is large, volume is little, and space utilization is good, and under constancy of volume, power density increases by 100%.Three phase windings of the utility model motor annular coiling, armature reaction that can balanced three-phase current produces principle, has improved the carrying load ability of motor.
Embodiment
A preferred embodiment of the present utility model is as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and shown in Fig. 4, the critical piece label declaration of this double-rotor machine: the 1st, rear end cap, the 2nd, rear bearing, the 3rd, stator seat, the 4th, stator core, the 5th, stator winding, the 61st, internal rotor magnet steel, the 62nd, external rotor magnet steel, the 7th, yoke steel bushing, the 8th, front end housing, the 9th, fore bearing, the 10th, armature spindle.
The stator of this double-rotor machine comprises stator seat 3, stator core 4 and is located at three phase windings 5 on stator core 4; Stator core 4 is wherein overrided to form by ring-shaped silicon steel sheet, and the first insulating end plate and the second insulating end plate are equipped with in its two ends.As can be seen from Figure 1, second end (left end) of cartridge type stator core 4 is arranged on stator seat 3, and the stator of formation is the cylindrical structure of a first end (right-hand member) opening.
The rotor of this double-rotor machine comprises yoke steel bushing 7, and it is the double-deck cylindrical structure of second end (left end) opening, at the outer surface of yoke steel bushing 7 internal layers, internal rotor magnet steel 61 is housed, and at the outer field inner surface of yoke steel bushing 7, external rotor magnet steel 62 is housed.The first end of stator core 4 inserts between its internal layer and skin through the second end of yoke steel bushing 7, makes stator core 4 between internal rotor magnet steel 61 and external rotor magnet steel 62.
In the partial sectional view of Fig. 1, internal rotor magnet steel 61 is positioned at the bottom of stator core 4, and external rotor magnet steel 62 is positioned at the top of stator core 4, between internal rotor magnet steel 61, external rotor magnet steel 62 and stator core 4, has suitable gap; From this partial sectional view, internal rotor magnet steel 61, external rotor magnet steel 62, yoke steel bushing 7 form a nested structure, and are sleeved on stator core 4.
The rotor that internal rotor magnet steel 61, external rotor magnet steel 62, yoke steel bushing 7 form is contained on armature spindle 10, and specifically the inner surface of yoke steel bushing 7 internal layers is sleeved on armature spindle 10.Second end (left end) of armature spindle 10 is contained on rear end cap 1 by rear bearing 2, and the first end of armature spindle 10 is contained on front end housing 8 and from the protruding output shaft that becomes motor of front end housing 8 by fore bearing 9.
" birotor " mentioned in the utility model, just refers to the above-mentioned two-level rotor structure consisting of internal rotor magnet steel 61, external rotor magnet steel 62.As shown in Figure 2, stator core 4 is between internal rotor magnet steel 61 and external rotor magnet steel 62.The rotor that internal rotor magnet steel 61, external rotor magnet steel 62, yoke steel bushing 7 form is rotating, and stator core is fixed.
As shown in Figure 4 a around the schematic diagram of U phase winding, it is equivalent to the stator core shown in Fig. 14 to be rotated counterclockwise the structural representation launching again after 90 degree, between two adjacent groups coil windings, there are two spaces, for the other V phase winding of coiling, W phase winding.Be the schematic diagram of the spatial relationship after U, V, W tri-phase windings launch as shown in Figure 4 b, three phase windings are uniformly distributed by 120 ° of electrical degrees along circumference.From Fig. 4 a, can find out, each phase winding is wound on stator core 4 surfaces, and specifically the inside and outside surface along cartridge type stator core is parallel to armature spindle coiling, and what a empty groove of every coiling jumps to next empty groove again; The surperficial slotless of stator core 4, only the upper and lower end parts at stator core 4 has fluting (can convex to form flute profile to reach the effect separating by insulation between adjacent winding while specifically implementing), for limiting the position of three phase windings.
As shown in Figure 5, stator core 4 is overrided to form by ring-shaped silicon steel sheet; As shown in Fig. 4 a, stator core 4 is provided with the first insulating end plate 301, the second insulating end plate 302, is evenly equipped with Z=2Pm projection on first, second insulating end plate, and for separating and locating each phase winding, wherein Z is the empty groove number of motor, and m is the number of phases of motor.
In the utility model, the magnetic pole logarithm of internal rotor and external rotor is P, and number of magnetic poles is 2P, and cartridge type stator core has Z empty groove along circumference, Z=2Pm, and motor basic parameter should meet: π D/2P≤40mm, wherein D is the external diameter of cartridge type stator.The span of the thick H of cylinder of cartridge type stator: H=(π D/4P~π D/20P).
In preferred embodiment of the present utility model, m=3, motor is three-phase motor with permanent magnets, in embodiment described in prior figures 4a, Fig. 4 b, be the three-phase motor with permanent magnets of m=3, Z=2Pm=6P now, U, V, W tri-phase windings are parallel to armature spindle coiling on the inside and outside surface of stator core, and along the circumferencial direction translation of stator core, three phase winding mid points are connected, and form Y connected mode; Certainly, U, V, W tri-phase windings wherein can be also three-phase absolute coil windings.
In another kind of preferred embodiment of the present utility model, desirable m=2, now motor is two phase permanent magnet motor, Z=2Pm=4P; A, B two phase windings are parallel to armature spindle coiling on the inside and outside surface of stator core, and along the circumferencial direction translation of stator core, form two-phase absolute coil winding.
During concrete enforcement, stator core 4 is overrided to form by ring-shaped silicon steel sheet, and the thickness of silicon steel sheet is 0.35~0.5mm.
As shown in Figure 2, the number of magnetic poles of magnetic links is wherein 2P, in each magnetic links and an outer steel sheet over against and both pole polarity identical, that is to say, interior magnetic links and outer steel sheet are " magnetic field of repelling each other ".Because internal rotor is that homopolarity is relative with the magnetic pole of the magnetic links of external rotor, for example in Fig. 2, the leftmost side is all the N utmost point, thereby can guarantee that most magnetic lines of force vertically enter stator core, and it is 90 ° of deflections that the magnetic line of force only has a bit of stroke after entering stator core, form the tangential magnetic field consistent with motor direction of rotation, the winding that is positioned at stator core surface can cut vertical magnetic force line 402 and produce effective torque.Compare with the vertical magnetic force line 401 in the conventional permanent magnet brushless direct current machine shown in Fig. 3, the magnetic line of force of this motor of the utility model stroke in the vertical direction shortens greatly, makes the character of motor iron loss become the loss of iron core surface eddy.Because stator core 4 adopts silicon steel sheet, can suppress the loss of iron core surface eddy; And the magnetic line of force of core interior is consistent with motor direction of rotation, do not produce eddy current loss, so the iron loss of the utility model double-rotor machine is compared numerically and had and decline to a great extent with conventional motors, and the end of motor is very little, and whole windings of motor can produce moment.The power density of the utility model double-rotor machine is large, volume is little, and space utilization is good, and the in the situation that of constancy of volume, comparing its power density of conventional motors can increase by 100%.
As shown in Fig. 4 a, this stator winding design reduces by half the end size of winding, thereby reduces copper loss 30% left and right, and the winding method of winding is easier, easily realizes Full-automatic coiling, and the reliability of motor and consistency are improved.In the present embodiment, the thickness of stator iron core silicon steel sheet is 0.35mm, can further reduce surperficial iron loss, makes motor adapt to high-speed high frequency operation.
In preferred embodiment of the present utility model, motor pole number 2P=12, every extremely every 4 circles of getting mutually of winding wherein, every have 48 circles mutually.In other embodiments, motor pole number 2P also can be 8 or 10, and certain every phase winding number of turn also can be set according to motor size.Generally speaking the number of turn of this motor is less, is more suitable for low pressure and/or high-speed cruising.
Figure 6 shows that the drive circuit of the utility model birotor electronics, Figure 7 shows that Zero Potential testing circuit, drive circuit is wherein three-phase independence bridge drive circuit, by three H bridge drive circuits, control respectively U, V, W tri-phase windings, the break-make that the phase relation between three phase windings is controlled each switching tube by peripheral circuit realizes.In Fig. 7, only illustrated the wherein Zero Potential testing circuit of a phase, the Zero Potential testing circuit of other two-phases is identical therewith.Wherein the corresponding relation of triphasic potential waveform and triphasic potential detection signal at zero point as shown in Figure 8.
Because high-speed electric expreess locomotive number of poles is fewer, motor gas-gap is direction magnetic field, in magnetic field, conventionally there are 3,5,7 stronger order harmonic components, adopt after three-phase independent winding, can utilize sine wave or driven under square wave current, make 3,5,7 subharmonic current components and harmonic wave acting in conjunction, produce harmonic drive torque simultaneously.Resultant moment makes the average torque of motor more steady, and moment significantly increases, and can improve in theory 1.73 times.Three-phase independent winding is more conducive to the back-emf detection at zero point, and position-sensor-free reliability of operation is improved, and can guarantee without failed electric motor starting in theory.
As can be seen from the above-described embodiment, the utility model is a kind of double-rotor machine, employing all arranges a rotor outside stator inner side and stator, and internal rotor is that homopolarity is relative with the magnetic pole of the magnetic links of external rotor, thereby guarantees that most of magnetic line of force vertically enters stator core.The winding cutting magnetic line that is positioned at stator core surface produces effective torque, and enters the magnetic line of force of stator core, i.e. 90 ° of deflections, form the tangential magnetic field consistent with motor direction of rotation.The utility model makes the character of motor iron loss become the loss of iron core surface eddy.Because iron core adopts silicon steel sheet, suppressed the loss of iron core surface eddy, and the magnetic line of force of core interior is consistent with motor direction of rotation, do not produce eddy current loss, so comparing with conventional motors of the iron loss of the utility model double-rotor machine, on numerical value, decline to a great extent, and the end of motor is very little, whole windings of motor can produce moment.The power density of the utility model double-rotor machine is large, volume is little, and space utilization is good, and the power density of constancy of volume increases by 100%.
The utility model adopts two stator motor designs in the magnetic field of repelling each other, and in the inside and outside surperficial coiling of stator core, forms motor winding, and the end size of winding is reduced by half, and compares with conventional motors, can reduce copper loss 30% left and right.Three phase windings of the utility model motor annular coiling, armature reaction that can balanced three-phase current produces principle, has improved the carrying load ability of motor.The winding method of the utility model winding is easier, easily realizes Full-automatic coiling, and the reliability of motor and consistency are improved.
Motor of the present utility model can be used in the products such as fan, compressor.Fan wherein comprises blade and drive motors, and described drive motors is double-rotor machine of the present utility model.Compressor wherein, comprises fuselage, cylinder part, running part, and the drive motors being connected with described running part, and same, described drive motors is double-rotor machine of the present utility model.
The foregoing is only embodiment of the present utility model; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present utility model; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes the utility model specification and accompanying drawing content to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present utility model.