CN2034546U - Protecting non-contact-point turn blinker - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a protecting contactless steering signal flasher, which relates to a flasher which is used for showing directions when automotive vehicles turn. The protecting contactless steering signal flasher mainly solves the problems of the mechanical steering signal flasher in use that flash frequency is unsteady, mechanical structure is easy to damage, etc. The protecting contactless steering signal flasher comprises a transistor with the overload protection of a short circuit and the protection feature of an electric bulb, and a voltage-stabilizing output type oscillating on-off circuit. The protecting contactless steering signal flasher has the advantages of stable flash frequency, the exact monitor display of load accidents, etc.; the service life of a flash lamp can be lengthened in multiples. The use method of the utility model is the same as a general mechanical flasher.

Description

Protecting non-contact-point turn blinker

The present invention relates to a kind of turn sign Der Blink und Abblendschalter of motor vehicle, particularly a kind of that form by transistor and have a noncontacting switch turn sign Der Blink und Abblendschalter of defencive function.

In power actuated vehicle turn sign Der Blink und Abblendschalter commonly used, employing be the transistor flasher of electrothermal drive formula metallic contact Der Blink und Abblendschalter and contact and the contactless flasher of transistor arrangement.In back two kinds of Der Blink und Abblendschalters,, thereby on using, be subjected to a certain degree restriction though circuit structure complexity that has and cost circuit higher, that have result of use simple in structure is not good enough.And use more electrothermic type contact flasher also to have some problems, as: in case the load short circuit is often burnt by the super-high-current in loop easily; Beat through frequent switch in the contact of Der Blink und Abblendschalter, also often caused open circuit or bad contact by electro spark institute's oxidation; Various vibrations in the vehicle ' also can make the mechanical characteristics of Der Blink und Abblendschalter be subjected to a certain degree influence.In addition, the frequency of Der Blink und Abblendschalter, the influence that changed by input voltage, input voltage is generally from the storage battery of vehicle, and the voltage of storage battery is imported behind pressure governor by the electrical generator of vehicle, has certain fluctuation.Special when the pressure governor imbalance or regulate improper and make its limiting voltage too high, low excessively, or in the dilly that is not equipped with pressure governor, after Der Blink und Abblendschalter used a period of time, the frequency of flashing of Der Blink und Abblendschalter will be too fast or cross and even do not flash slowly.Secondly, the variation of voltage is also influential to the service life of blinker bulb.Because the hot filament resistance during the cold conditions filament resistance silk normal operation of small low-voltage bulb is little about 10 times, according to Ohm's law as can be known, the electric current that flows through cold silk will be bigger about 10 times than the electric current that flows through heated filament, and blinker bulb works under the frequent on off state, the cold silk of bulb all will bear " heat " of this excess current at every turn and impact when flashing, add the voltage input of the various vibrations of vehicle and the volume that transfinites, the focus place that all might occur in filament is burnt because of overheated, influence is normal turn show to.

Purpose of the present invention; it is exactly weak point at above-mentioned Der Blink und Abblendschalter; provide a kind of and improved, function is comparatively perfect, the comparatively easy protection transistor contact pointless turn sign Der Blink und Abblendschalter of structure, and make it directly exchange use with contact flasher commonly used.

Der Blink und Abblendschalter of the present invention is to finish by following mode: at first; set up a transistor stabilized circuit of High Performance that has overload and the automatic protection of short circuit; controlling the load bulb and under stable limiting voltage state, working, causing the overheated of filament and be damaged with the input voltage of avoiding the volume of transfiniting.And make circuit Zi You Zhen Swing stably under the fully loaded situation, play the on-off action of contactless flasher; Failure of oscillation automatically under underload situation, behind the failure of oscillation, keeping the brightness stability of bulb constant, by the different operating state contrast of bulb, reach the identical effect of contact flasher fault supervision display mode of load faulty supervision display mode and custom, use to adapt to habitually.Secondly; controlling each conducting of switching circuit of voltage regulation; always be in a kind of soft start state; make the electric current that flows through bulb cold conditions filament always rise to the maximum voltage value of qualification lentamente; " heat " impact phenomenon that the loop excess current of having avoided the break-make of complicated property to cause causes the cold conditions filament; like this, by the integrated protection mode of voltage stabilizing and soft start, prolonged in the life-span of blinker bulb exponentially.The frequency stabilization control of Der Blink und Abblendschalter is to take into account by the Rational structure of circuit to finish.Because of this Der Blink und Abblendschalter is a noncontacting switch formula structure, do not have mechanical movement partly, and have automatic protection functions again, so the life-span is long especially, various faults also correspondingly reduce.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing Der Blink und Abblendschalter of the present invention is described in further detail:

Accompanying drawing 1 is the integral structure circuit of this Der Blink und Abblendschalter when being connected with load.Wherein battery tension Uab is from A, the input of B two ends, and the voltage U cd after the voltage stabilizing is from C, the output of D two ends, and the load bulb is connected on C, D two ends, adjusts the rated operational voltage that output voltage U cd equals bulb.Flasher circuit mainly by mu balanced circuit (A) partly; Soft start, Zhen Swing and supervision control circuit (B) are partly; Current cutting off protection auxiliary circuit (C) is partly formed.

With reference to accompanying drawing 1, mu balanced circuit (A) partly comprises aerotron T1, T2, T3, zener diode Dw, resistance R 6, R7, R8, capacitor C 3.Control circuit (B) partly comprises aerotron T4, resistance R 1, R2, R3, R4, R5, Ro, capacitor C 1, C2.Protective circuit (C) partly comprises resistance R 9, capacitor C 4, diode D1, D2.And XD2, XD3 turn to front and back signal flashers bubble, the XD1 of usefulness to be contained in operator's compartment or headstock part to play the load faulty supervision and show that pilot bulb, the K1 of usefulness are power supply input master cocies, K2 is a shift control switch, generally K1 and K2 is used in combination.Ro is the bigger resistance winding of power, plays a part to detect the loop current size.

The operating process of circuit is:

Closed K1 and K2, the circuit normal operation, XD1, XD2, XD3 flash with identical frequency, when XD2 or XD3 wherein one damage or two Zhen of when damaging simultaneously Swing conditions destroyed, XD1 can't flash and keep that brightness is constant, the signal load is broken down needs maintenance in time.When short circuit or overload phenomenon appearred in output C, D two ends or any bulb side and loop thereof, protective circuit was moved at once, and loop current is blocked.Pending fault is opened K1 and K2 after getting rid of again, and circuit recovers normal operation.

The circuit (A) that constitutes wherein is that a kind of voltage regulation performance is better, the circuit overall gain is higher, the collecting electrode output type mu balanced circuit that loss is less.Power adjustment pipe, switching valve are made up of T1, T2.Adopt such method of attachment, its objective is as long as the less base current of a variation is provided to T2, just can obtain the outgoing current of a very big same variation at the collecting electrode of T1, and the electric current of this variation is a kind of electric current of ascending slow rising, and the electric current that produces this variation is to be realized by T4 control T3; In addition, under the situation of full load output, the dark saturation voltage drop Uce1 of T1 only can hang down below the Ube1 pressure drop, thereby reduces power consumption and the shell temperature of T1 greatly.The voltage stabilizing process of circuit is: input voltage Uab provides base current to make the T2 conducting through R6 to T2, after the T2 conducting, carry bigger base drive electric current to make the T1 conducting through the R7 loop to T1, conducting along with T1, output voltage U cd rises rapidly, stabilivolt Dw disruptive conduction, thereby whole mu balanced circuit is settled out very soon.Highest stabilizing voltage between mouth C, D is: Ucd=Ube3+Udw, because of the Ube3 of T3 is 0.6 to 0.7 volt approximately, so Ucd depends primarily on the voltage stabilizing value Udw of Dw, the working current of Dw is provided by R9.The maximum current Io of output depends on the size of R7.When dropping to, Uab causes: during Ucd＜Ube3+Udw, Dw is because of can't disruptive conduction, T3 ends, the base current of T2 and T1 increases, be enough to encourage T1 to enter the degree of dark saturation conduction when increasing to, input voltage and output voltage poor: Uab-Ucd=Uce1+IoRo is minimum, and the temperature of the power consumption minimum of T1, pressure drop Uce1 and shell is also minimum.In the circuit, it is equaled in the selection of Udw or a little near the nominal voltage value of load blinker bulb XD2, XD3, like this, when Uab was higher, the Uce1 of T1 raise in the flasher circuit.Circuit working is at the on off state of linear voltage stabilization; When Uab was equal to or less than rated voltage, T1 was very low because of its Uce1 of degree of depth saturation conduction, and T1 is operated near desirable on off state.

The circuit (B) that constitutes wherein is to be based upon on the basis of circuit (A), cooperates with it by T4, finishes the function of its control jointly.The working process of circuit is as follows: when T1 and phase-veversal switch: T4 of T4 formation ended, T1, T2 were by the R6 conducting; Then because of its collector current is bigger, cause the T3 conducting during T4 conducting, T1, T2 are forced to be in off condition because of can not get enough base drive electric currents.The capacitor C 2 that capacity is bigger constitutes jointly the time delay network that the pipe starting current is adjusted in restriction with R1, R2, R4, they are during circuit start, stop the sharp increase of T2 base current, the collecting electrode output voltage of T1 can not be jumped, can only change along with the variation of C2 both end voltage, the voltage at two ends rises by index law during owing to the C2 charging, therefore, output voltage can only little by little rise to limit value, makes the process of circuit working at soft start.At T4 conduction period (T1 ends), power supply Uab is through the e of T4, the b utmost point and R1 provide base current Ib4 to T4, the Ib4 some is passed through R2, R3 flows to the collecting electrode of T2, another has partly flowed to capacitor C 2 by R2, charge to C2, growth along with the time, the last voltage of C2 constantly increases, the also constantly corresponding raising of the base potential of T4, the basic emitter voltage of T4 just constantly reduces, by the time this magnitude of voltage is little when equaling the critical conduction voltage of T4, T4 promptly begins to enter off condition, the collector current of T4 reduces to make T1, T2 begins to have a conducting, the collection emitter voltage of T1 just begins to reduce, can not suddenly change because C2 goes up voltage, by the base potential of T4 is further improved, this is a strong positive feedback process, the result makes T4 enter off condition rapidly, and T1 enters conducting state rapidly.After, capacitor C 2 is by R3, T2, R7, C3, Ro, T1, R4 discharge, the last voltage of C2 constantly reduces, the T4 base potential just constantly increases, by the time when this magnitude of voltage equals its critical conduction voltage, T4 begins to enter conducting state again, and is similar to the above, because the positive feedback effect of C2 makes T4 enter conducting state rapidly.T1 enters off condition rapidly.So go round and begin again and formed Zi Ji Zhen Swing.In the Zai Zhen Swing process, if Uab rises, the charging duration of C2 is accelerated thereupon, and because of Ucd is constant, the collection emitter-base bandgap grading pressure drop of T2 then increases thereupon, and the corresponding prolongation discharge time of C2, like this, the variation that C2 discharges and recharges the time has been subjected to mutual restriction to a certain extent.In the circuit, the charging duration of capacitor C 2 has determined the closing time of T1, the ON time that has then determined T1 discharge time of capacitor C 2.By rationally choosing discharging and recharging the time of C2, the time ratio that flashes frequency and light on and off of bulb is controlled in the scope of using regulation.For the filament that overcomes bulb is flashing the bigger phenomenon of the cold and hot temperature difference in the process at every turn, in light on and off clearly under the prerequisite, the each blanking voltage that can adjust bulb is not equal to zero and maintain in the suitable and lower scope.

In order to prevent that power supply from overload or short circuit in use occurring and cause the circuit elements components from being damaged; be provided with control circuit; this circuit detects network by the loop current of being made up of T4 pipe, realized simultaneously to circuit De Zhen Swing with end the control of overload protection and fault supervision demonstration.This circuit is made up of T1, T4, Ro, R1, R2, R3, C1.The C1 influence that main filtering interfering voltage shows supervision in circuit cooperates with R2 simultaneously, and the soft-start time when making circuit just logical prolongs.The effect of T1 is to provide a simple basic emitter-base bandgap grading source of stable pressure Ube1 for R1, R2, R3, by R1, R2, R3 Ube1 is carried out setting up Ur1:Ur1=Ube1R1/R3+R2+R1 after the dividing potential drop, generally choose Ube1＞Ube4, when Ube1＜Ube4, available diode is connected on the base input end of T1, and Ur1 is improved.The effect of Ur1 is to provide a stable base bias for T4, and cooperate with IoRo, the conducting that detects the variation of loop current and controlling T4 with end: under the situation of full load output, loop current increases, the pressure drop IoRo that detects resistance R o two ends rises to the conducting-state voltage of T4, the T4 conducting, circuit starting of oscillation and normal operation; Mouth be short-circuited or the situation of transshipping under, T4 keeps conducting constant, the result makes the output end current of power supply be limited in certain numerical value, has protected not reason overcurrent and being damaged of T1; Under load XD2, the XD3 situation that wherein or two damage simultaneously, loop current reduces, IoRo drops to below the conducting-state voltage of T4, T4 ends, and T1 keeps conducting constant, and circuit can't Zhen Swing, XD1 is shinny always for the supervision indicator lamp, sent the signal that there is fault in load, after fault is eliminated, opened K1 and K2, circuit again and just can recover normal work.In the circuit, owing to be provided with Ur1, make T4 play the double action of protection and supervision control simultaneously, in addition, reduced the conducting-state voltage limit value of T4 and, the input of power supply and output voltage difference have been reduced, the conversion efficiency raising of power supply the requirement of IoRo.

The circuit (C) that constitutes wherein is a kind of delayed type voltage follower circuit, and it cooperates with above-mentioned circuit (A) and circuit (B), finishes the function of current cutting off protection jointly.The purpose of this circuit is set, and mainly is to make the dissipating area of T1 can be reduced to minimum degree and the outward appearance volume miniaturization that realizes Der Blink und Abblendschalter.Since T1 under the mode of operation of control stream than normal mode of operation under power consumption big, longer when the time of energising, must set up the bigger heating panel area and the enclosure volume of Der Blink und Abblendschalter, behind the addition circuit (C), the maximum power consumption the when dissipating area of T1 then depends primarily on the T1 normal operation.The working process of circuit is: closed K1 and K2, capacitor C 4 is through resistance R 9 chargings, because of the charging duration of C4 charging duration greater than C2, between each starting period of circuit, the undertension at C4 two ends is so that D1 and D2 conducting, startup to circuit does not impact, in case when power supply short circuit or overload, Ucd descends rapidly, Uce1 rises rapidly, T1 enters the state of control stream, the C4 both end voltage rises, after the conducting-state voltage that is elevated to D1 and D2, and D1 and D2 conduction, the collector current of T4 increases and excitation T3 saturation conduction, thereby the loop current of T1 is thoroughly blocked.If K1 and K2 remain closed, this state that blocks just remains unchanged, and has only after fault is eliminated, and opens K1 and K2 again, and circuit could normal operation.D1 in the circuit and D2 can add and subtract according to actual operating needs, and also available zener diode or light-emitting diode replace.

Accompanying drawing 2 is identical with the structural principle of accompanying drawing 1 circuit, and difference is that mainly the composition form of mu balanced circuit (A) and current cutting off protection auxiliary circuit (C) distinguishes to some extent.

With reference to accompanying drawing 2, mu balanced circuit (A) comprises aerotron T1, T2, T3, resistance R 5, R6, R7, R8, R9, capacitor C 3, zener diode Dw.In the circuit conducting of T3 with end, controlled by T4, the base current size of T2 is controlled by T3, when T4 ends, T2, T3 conducting; When the T4 saturation conduction, T3, T2 end, the height of output voltage U cd, not the voltage stabilizing value that depends on Dw, but depend primarily on the intrinsic standoff ratio of Dw and R8, R9, change intrinsic standoff ratio, can change Ucd, like this, all more or less freely for choosing stabilivolt and adjusting output voltage.When Ucd was low, Dw can replace with light-emitting diode or several rectifier diode series connection.Current cutting off protection auxiliary circuit (C) comprises light-emitting diode D1, rectifier diode D2, resistance R 10, R11, capacitor C 4.In the circuit, setting up the purpose of D1 and R10, mainly is to set up a stable voltage at the two ends of D1, avoids changing significantly of input voltage and causes influence to start-up circuit, and Der Blink und Abblendschalter can be worked in bigger change of voltage scope reliably; Secondly, when load short circuits or overload, D1 will be shinny always, sends the signal that there is fault in circuit; In addition, the capacitance of C4 and volume can reduce.D1 in the circuit, also available stabilivolt or several rectifier diode series connection replace, and play the mono-pressure stabilization function.

Play the T1 pipe of power supply adjustment, on-off action in the circuit, should select less betal can envelope of collection emitter-base bandgap grading saturation voltage drop or plastic housing envelope high power valve for use, the maximum operating currenbt of collecting electrode need reach the requirement of load power demand.Because of the time to turn of vehicle generally all shorter, so the shell temperature of T1 is also lower, can be in continuous working under the input voltage of the volume of transfiniting for a long time in order to make T1, can be by install the suitable heating panel of a fritter area additional at its shell, to improve its heat dissipation capability.Under the situation that outgoing current that circuit is required is bigger in that the current ampliication factor of T1 pipe is less, can be by T2 being managed compound solving, or select for use the multiple unit tube of single structure directly to replace.

In order to make circuit (A) have the characteristic of soft start, except can controlling indirectly it by circuit (B), a time delay network of being made up of resistance and electric capacity can also be set by the base stage at the T2 pipe it is directly controlled, make it have same soft start performance.

In the circuit of accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2, mu balanced circuit (A) part and control circuit (B) partly can be made up of the semi-conductor integrated circuit with identical function; Also can form mutually, like this, help assembling and the debugging and the design of miniization of circuit by semi-conductor integrated circuit with same or similar function and suitable discrete component.

Above flasher circuit, applicable to the earth-connected various vehicles of battery negative post, for the earth-connected vehicle of B+, the components and parts that have polarity in the circuit need be done corresponding change.This flasher circuit also can be applicable to other control circuit with same or similar operating characteristic or device, makes this control circuit or device have same characteristic and function.Also can and connect a piezoelectric buzzer or electromagnetic horn, utilize their effects,sound to play the effect of assisted diversion prompting at the mouth of Der Blink und Abblendschalter.

The protection contact pointless turn sign Der Blink und Abblendschalter that is provided among the present invention resembles exactly and forms described above, in the non-contact structure of having realized Der Blink und Abblendschalter, has also that flash rate is stable, vibration resistance, life-span be long; Have advantages such as the supervision of short circuit overload protection and fault shows and can prolong exponentially the service life of blinker bulb.And make the T1 in the circuit manage the double action that has played power adjustment pipe and power supply noncontacting switch pipe simultaneously; make the T4 pipe play the double action of the soft start-up process control of overload protection, underload fault supervision demonstration and circuit simultaneously, make capacitor C 2 take into account the corrective action of Zhen Swing frequency and soft start time-delay simultaneously.Do not disturb phenomenon because of this Der Blink und Abblendschalter has the peculiar electro spark width of cloth of mechanical contact blackberry lily, thereby its shell can be made of plastics.Components and parts all in the flasher circuit can be loaded on by in plastics or the metal housing by the PC board collection, also buzzer circuit can be fitted together simultaneously, and the sound of buzzer phone can directly be spread out of outside the housing, input end A in the circuit and mouth C are drawn outside the housing by wiring pin or junction block, make the input end of A termination power wherein, C termination load blinker bulb or loudspeaker, also draw outside the housing by wiring pin or junction block earth-connected B of ground connection and D end, or directly be connected with the metallic support seat of stationary housing, and it is contacted reliably and be fixed on the metal bonding place of vehicle, like this, Der Blink und Abblendschalter is normal operation stably in a long term just, reaching turns show to purpose.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of turn sign Der Blink und Abblendschalter of motor vehicle, particularly a kind of contact pointless turn sign Der Blink und Abblendschalter of forming by transistor, this flasher circuit by mu balanced circuit [A] partly, supervision control circuit [B] partly, current cutting off protection auxiliary circuit [C] partly forms, the circuit [B] that constitutes wherein is to be based upon on the basis of circuit [A], by of the mutual binding of T4 pipe, finish the performance of its supervision control with the T3 pipe; The circuit [A] that constitutes wherein is a control action of having passed through circuit [B], finishes the oscillation switch of its circuit, the performance that starts and end; The circuit [C] that constitutes wherein is to be based upon on the basis of circuit [A] and circuit [B], has passed through the mutual binding of T4 pipe and D1, D2 pipe, finishes the performance of its auxiliary protection that dams, and it is characterized in that:

A, described flasher circuit are a kind of soft start voltage stabilizing output type oscillating switch circuits that loop current detected and had overload flow protection and characteristics such as protection of load bulb and load faulty supervision demonstration that is provided with;

B, the load blinker bulb in this oscillating switch circuit are to work in the on off state of soft start and work in stable limiting voltage on off state.

2, according to the described flasher circuit of claim (1), it is characterized in that mu balanced circuit (A) wherein, be that a kind of base promoter electric current of mainly being made up of T1, T2, T3 etc. and being provided with restricted T 2 pipes always rises to limit value lentamente and makes circuit have the collecting electrode output type mu balanced circuit of soft-start feature, the load in the circuit always is connected between the collecting electrode and ground connection common point of T1 pipe.

3,, it is characterized in that the T1 pipe in this circuit works in the dual state of power supply adjustment and power supply noncontacting switch simultaneously, and when its degree of depth saturation conduction, have the very little characteristic of collection emitter-base bandgap grading saturation voltage drop according to the described mu balanced circuit of claim (2).

4, according to the described flasher circuit of claim (1), it is characterized in that supervision control circuit (B) wherein, be to have realized control to the soft start-up process of mu balanced circuit (A) by the time delay network of forming by T4 pipe; Detect network by the loop current of forming by T4 pipe and realized shake Swing and control by, overload protection and load faulty supervision demonstration to circuit.

5, according to the described supervision control circuit of claim (4), it is characterized in that in this circuit the T4 pipe being provided with a stable base bias Ur1, this Ur1 forms after dividing potential drop by the basic emitter-base bandgap grading pressure drop of T1 pipe.

6, according to the described flasher circuit of claim (1), it is characterized in that current cutting off protection auxiliary circuit (C) wherein, be a kind of delayed type voltage follower circuit.

7,, it is characterized in that this circuit also can be a kind of delayed type voltage follower circuit that has voltage stabilizing function according to the described delayed type voltage follower circuit of claim (6).

8,, it is characterized in that the mouth of this Der Blink und Abblendschalter can and connect a piezoelectric buzzer or an electromagnetic horn that plays the reminding turning effect according to the described Der Blink und Abblendschalter of claim (1).