CN203416011U - Solar charging control loop - Google Patents
Solar charging control loop Download PDFInfo
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- CN203416011U CN203416011U CN201320446815.3U CN201320446815U CN203416011U CN 203416011 U CN203416011 U CN 203416011U CN 201320446815 U CN201320446815 U CN 201320446815U CN 203416011 U CN203416011 U CN 203416011U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a solar charging control loop. At present, no mature and improved storage battery charging protection circuit exists in the market, so if charging electric quantity of a storage battery is not monitored timely, overcharge of the storage battery will be caused, and the service life of the storage battery will be shortened. The solar charging control loop of the utility model comprises a solar panel, a polarity protection diode D0, a voltage comparator, a current comparator and a storage battery charge/discharge control switching circuit; a voltage comparator circuit is used for controlling the magnitude of charging voltage; and a current comparator circuit is used for controlling the magnitude of charging current. The charging control loop controls frequent switching of an electronic switch field-effect transistor Q1 through the voltage comparator and the current comparator according to the strength of the solar panel and demand degree of the storage battery for charging, so as to control the charging current and the charging voltage. With the solar charging control loop of the utility model adopted, the problem of the overcharge of the storage battery can be avoided, and the service life of the storage battery can be greatly prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to solar charging electric control loop, relates to a kind of circuit, is specifically related to the control loop that a kind of solar energy is charge in batteries.
Background technology
So-called solar cell application, is actually the unstable electric energy producing with solar panel, through complicated current/voltage, controls, and charges a battery, and allows the storage battery can relatively stable ground storage power, for load steadily.Storage battery is enervated equipment, charges improperly will shorten useful life, even damages.Therefore the charging method of conventional constant voltage, constant current can not reach and extend the lead acid accumulator object in useful life.The supervising device that is charge in batteries for solar energy on the market at present does not also improve ripe, the charging of storage battery is detected also not in time, still need by manually rule of thumb regularly regularly judging whether storage battery is full of, and is easy to cause overcharging of storage battery, reduces its useful life.
Summary of the invention
It can be the control loop of charge in batteries that the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of automatic monitoring shoot the sun, solved the loaded down with trivial details step of manual detection accumulator electric-quantity, this circuit automatically detects accumulator electric-quantity and controls the size of solar recharging electric current and voltage, adopt floating charge and continuous mode of filling, the transformation efficiency of electric energy is higher, avoided, to the overcharging of storage battery, greatly having extended the useful life of storage battery.
The utility model circuit comprises solar panel U0, polarity protection diode D0, solar charging electric control loop part, storage battery charge control circuit.
The positive pole of polarity protection diode D0 connects the positive terminal of solar panel U0, and the negative pole of polarity protection diode D0 is connected with the positive pole "+" of storage battery BT1.
Solar charging electric control loop partly comprises voltage comparator circuit and current comparator circuit, wherein:
Voltage comparator circuit comprises the first operational amplifier U1A, the first resistance R 1, the second resistance R 2, the first swing arm sample resistance RW1, the first diode D1, the first voltage stabilizing element DW1, the first electrochemical capacitor C1.The Vin input of the first voltage stabilizing element DW1 is all connected with the positive pole "+" of storage battery BT1 with one end of the first resistance R 1, the Gnd ground end of the first voltage stabilizing element DW1, the negative pole of the first electrochemical capacitor C1, one end of the second resistance R 2 connect into common port and storage battery BT1 negative pole be connected, the Vout output of the first voltage stabilizing element DW1 and the positive pole of the first electrochemical capacitor C1 are connected to the in-phase input end of the first operational amplifier U1A.The other end of the first resistance R 1 is connected to one end of the first swing arm sample resistance RW1, the other end of the first swing arm sample resistance RW1 is connected with the other end of the second resistance R 2, and the swing arm end output of the first swing arm sample resistance RW1 is as the inverting input of the first operational amplifier U1A.The output of the first operational amplifier U1A is linked the negative pole of the first diode D1, and the positive pole of the first diode D1 is connected to the control utmost point G end of field effect transistor Q1.The positive terminal voltage "+" of storage battery BT1 provides positive voltage for U1A, and the negative pole ground voltage of solar cell U0 provides negative voltage for U1A.
Current comparator circuit comprises the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C, the second voltage stabilizing element DW2, the second electrochemical capacitor C2, the second diode D2, the 3rd resistance R 3 and the second swing arm sample resistance RW2.The Vin input of the second voltage stabilizing element DW2 is connected to the positive pole "+" of storage battery BT1, the negative pole of ground end Gnd, the second electrochemical capacitor C2 of the second voltage stabilizing element DW2, one end of one end of the 3rd resistance R 3 and the second swing arm sample resistance RW2 be connected together as common port be connected to solar cell U0 negative pole hold.The Vout output of the second voltage stabilizing element DW2 connects the in-phase input end as the second operational amplifier U1B together with the positive pole of the second electrochemical capacitor C2, the output of the second operational amplifier U1B is connected to the negative pole of the second diode D2, and the positive terminal of the second diode D2 is connected to the control utmost point G end of field effect transistor Q1.The other end of the output of the inverting input of the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C, the second swing arm sample resistance RW2 connects together.The source S end of the negative pole of the in-phase input end of the 3rd operational amplifier U1C and the 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3, field effect transistor Q1, the other end of the 3rd resistance R 3 couple together.The inverting input of the 3rd operational amplifier U1C is connected with the swing arm end of the second swing arm sample resistance RW2.The positive terminal voltage "+" of storage battery BT1 provides positive voltage for the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C, and the negative pole ground voltage of solar cell U0 provides negative voltage for the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C.
Storage battery charge control circuit comprises a storage battery BT1, field effect transistor Q1, a 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3 and the 4th resistance R 4.The drain D end of field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the negative pole of storage battery BT1 ground end.The positive pole of one end of the 4th resistance R 4 and the 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3 is all connected with the positive terminal "+" of storage battery BT1, and the other end of the 4th resistance R 4 is received the control utmost point G end of field effect transistor Q1.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the advantage of the utility model circuit is to build the residual electricity amount that analog circuit is monitored storage battery automatically, by electronic switch, automatically controls the floating charge of solar cell to storage battery.Avoided the redundancy step of hand inspection accumulator electric-quantity, because adopt hardware circuit to monitor in real time, very rapid for the reaction of battery circuit, the residual electricity amount of effectively real-time comparison storage battery, avoid overcharging of storage battery, greatly delay the useful life of storage battery.The components and parts mature and reliable that the utility model adopts, with low cost, source is abundant.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the utility model physical circuit figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.
Solar charging electric control loop comprises solar panel U0, polarity protection diode D0, solar charging electric control loop part, storage battery charge control circuit as shown in Figure 1.
The positive pole of solar cell U0 is connected to the positive pole of polarity protection diode D0, and the negative pole of D0 is connected with the positive pole "+" of storage battery BT1.Polarity protection diode D0, as the polarity protection of whole circuit, damages circuit element while preventing from inputting reverse polarity connection.Just in case input circuit short circuit, D0 also can stop storage battery BT1 short circuit dischange because both end voltage is inverted.Because common rectifier diode has the pressure drop of 0.50 ~ 1V; this is a very large droop loss to solar panel U0; for this this device polarity protection diode D0 has adopted the IN5822 rectifier diode of low-power consumption low pressure drop, overcome the defect of general-purpose diode.
Solar charging electric control loop partly comprises voltage comparator circuit and current comparator circuit.
Wherein voltage comparator circuit comprises the first operational amplifier U1A, the first resistance R 1, the second resistance R 2, the first swing arm sample resistance RW1, the first diode D1, the first voltage stabilizing element DW1, the first electrochemical capacitor C1.Voltage comparator circuit is the control for charging voltage size.The first operational amplifier U1A is the core devices of voltage comparator circuit.Herein U1A is used by open loop approach, can realize quick comparing function.Operational amplifier under open loop situations, needs only its positive input terminal voltage a little more than negative input end, and output, for just, is just just negative otherwise export, and responds very rapid.The positive input terminal that the Vout output of the first voltage stabilizing element DW1 and the positive pole of the first electrochemical capacitor C1 are connected to U1A is together used as the input of reference data voltage, DW1 adopts the voltage stabilizing element HT series of low-power consumption high stability that basis of reference voltage is provided herein, and the Vin input of DW1 is connected with the positive pole "+" of storage battery BT1.Adding of the first electrochemical capacitor C1 can make the output of DW1 more stable.One end of the first resistance R 1 is connected with the positive pole of storage battery BT1, the other end is connected to one end of the first swing arm sample resistance RW1, second one end of resistance R 2 and the other end of RW1 are connected, RW1 is the sample resistance of battery tension, from the two ends of storage battery BT1, obtain feedback voltage, on the swing arm end of RW1, take out the reverse inter-input-ing voltage that sampling dividing potential drop is used as the first operational amplifier U1A.Because this voltage comparator is for the supervision of storage battery BT1 voltage, thus the negative pole of the Gnd of the first voltage stabilizing element DW1 ground end, the first electrochemical capacitor C1 also have the other end of the second resistance R 2 all follow storage battery BT1 negative pole be connected.The output of U1A is linked the negative pole of the first diode D1, and the positive pole of D1 is connected to the control utmost point G end of electronic switch field effect transistor Q1.In Fig. 1, with the field effect transistor Q1 of N raceway groove, make electronic switch, when the control utmost point G end of Q1 is during to the voltage >3V of source S end, Q1 conducting, storage battery is in being recharged state.Otherwise Q1 cut-off, storage battery stops charging.Control the control utmost point G terminal potential of electronic switch Q1, whether just can control the charging of storage battery BT1.When the sampling dividing potential drop at the first swing arm sample resistance RW1 place is during higher than the first operational amplifier U1A positive input terminal reference voltage, the output of U1A is low rapidly, drop-down through the first diode D1, the control utmost point of electronic switch Q1 is also low, Q1 ends rapidly, now charging circuit disconnects, and storage battery BT1 stops charging.After this battery tension can be because of electric discharge slow decreasing, and the sampling dividing potential drop of RW1 also can decline in proportion.When this sampling voltage is during lower than U1A positive input terminal reference voltage, U1A output is rapidly high, electronic switch Q1 is because controlling very high conducting rapidly, now power supply circuits are closed, storage battery starts to be again recharged, the voltage of storage battery rises thereupon gradually, and a sampling minute pressure side of the first swing arm sample resistance RW1 is also and then boosted.When the sampling dividing potential drop of RW1 is during higher than U1A positive input terminal reference voltage, the output of U1A is lower jumping rapidly again, and electronic switch Q1 is and then cut-off rapidly also, and charging circuit disconnects again, so go round and begin again, the charging voltage of storage battery BT1 can be accurately controlled in the value of a setting.
Current comparator circuit comprises the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C, the second voltage stabilizing element DW2, the second electrochemical capacitor C2, the second diode D2, the 3rd resistance R 3 and the second swing arm sample resistance RW2.Current comparator circuit is the control for charging current.In this circuit, get the second operational amplifier U1B and compare device.The Vin input of the second voltage stabilizing element DW2 is connected to the positive pole "+" of storage battery BT1, the Vout output of DW2 connects the in-phase input end as U1B together with the positive pole of the second electrochemical capacitor C2, and this in-phase input end is as the basis of reference current potential of current comparator circuit.Wherein C2 is as the filter of the second voltage stabilizing element DW2.Due to this current comparator be take solar panel U0 negative pole hold the monitoring of carrying out charging current as reference point, so the Gnd of the second voltage stabilizing element DW2 ground end, the negative pole of the second electrochemical capacitor C2, one end of one end of the 3rd resistance R 3 and the second swing arm sample resistance RW2 be all connected to solar panel U0 negative pole hold.One end of the output of the inverting input of the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C, the second swing arm sample resistance RW2 connects together.The source S end of the negative pole of the in-phase input end of U1C and the 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3, field effect transistor Q1 and one end of the 3rd resistance R 3 couple together.The inverting input of U1C is connected with the swing arm end of RW2.Current Negative Three-Point Capacitance signal is taken from the 3rd resistance R 3, and solar panel U0 enters ground to the charging current of storage battery BT1 through R3, and the voltage drop at R3 two ends is directly proportional to the size of charging current.The 3rd operational amplifier U1C is connected into common negative feedback forward linear amplifier, after the voltage at R3 two ends is amplified, is sent to the negative input end of the second operational amplifier U1B.When the voltage of U1B negative input end is during higher than the reference voltage of anode, it is negative that U1B output becomes rapidly, and field effect transistor Q1 ends immediately, and storage battery BT1 stops charging, R3 two ends lose voltage at once, the output of the 3rd operational amplifier U1C returns 0, U1B because positive input terminal voltage is higher than negative input end immediately, so its output uprises immediately, field effect transistor Q1 is conducting immediately, storage battery BT1 starts again charging, can one charging cause again the rapid step-down of output of U1B, Q1 ends again.So frequent vibration, storage battery BT1 has obtained the mean charging current of certain amount, size of current is determined by the multiplication factor of the 3rd operational amplifier U1C, regulates the second swing arm sample resistance RW2 can change the multiplication factor of U1C, thereby reaches the control of charging current.The resistance of the 3rd resistance R 3 can not be too large, otherwise can excessively increase the internal power consumption of circuit, affects the efficiency of solar panel.
Storage battery charge control circuit comprises a storage battery BT1, field effect transistor Q1, the 4th resistance R 4 and a 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3.The drain D end of field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the negative pole of storage battery BT1 ground end.The positive pole of one end of the 4th resistance R 4, the 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3 is connected with the positive terminal "+" of storage battery BT1.Because the first operational amplifier U1A is used by open loop approach, its sensitivity is high, the output ripple that electronic switch Q1 is trickle will be subject to the adjusting of U1A, add the filtering of the 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3, storage battery can obtain very steady electricity supply voltage, even dismounting storage battery, the output of Q1 is in the same old way steady.
Claims (1)
1. a solar charging electric control loop, comprises solar panel U0, polarity protection diode D0, solar charging electric control loop part, storage battery charge control circuit, it is characterized in that:
The positive pole of polarity protection diode D0 connects the positive terminal of solar panel U0, and the negative pole of polarity protection diode D0 is connected with the positive pole "+" of storage battery BT1;
Solar charging electric control loop partly comprises voltage comparator circuit and current comparator circuit, wherein:
Voltage comparator circuit comprises the first operational amplifier U1A, the first resistance R 1, the second resistance R 2, the first swing arm sample resistance RW1, the first diode D1, the first voltage stabilizing element DW1, the first electrochemical capacitor C1; The Vin input of the first voltage stabilizing element DW1 is all connected with the positive pole "+" of storage battery BT1 with one end of the first resistance R 1, the Gnd ground end of the first voltage stabilizing element DW1, the negative pole of the first electrochemical capacitor C1, one end of the second resistance R 2 connect into common port and storage battery BT1 negative pole be connected, the Vout output of the first voltage stabilizing element DW1 and the positive pole of the first electrochemical capacitor C1 are connected to the in-phase input end of the first operational amplifier U1A; The other end of the first resistance R 1 is connected to one end of the first swing arm sample resistance RW1, the other end of the first swing arm sample resistance RW1 is connected with the other end of the second resistance R 2, and the swing arm end output of the first swing arm sample resistance RW1 is as the inverting input of the first operational amplifier U1A; The output of the first operational amplifier U1A is linked the negative pole of the first diode D1, and the positive pole of the first diode D1 is connected to the control utmost point G end of field effect transistor Q1; The positive terminal voltage "+" of storage battery BT1 provides positive voltage for U1A, and the negative pole ground voltage of solar cell U0 provides negative voltage for U1A;
Current comparator circuit comprises the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C, the second voltage stabilizing element DW2, the second electrochemical capacitor C2, the second diode D2, the 3rd resistance R 3 and the second swing arm sample resistance RW2; The Vin input of the second voltage stabilizing element DW2 is connected to the positive pole "+" of storage battery BT1, the negative pole of ground end Gnd, the second electrochemical capacitor C2 of the second voltage stabilizing element DW2, one end of one end of the 3rd resistance R 3 and the second swing arm sample resistance RW2 be connected together as common port be connected to solar cell U0 negative pole hold; The Vout output of the second voltage stabilizing element DW2 connects the in-phase input end as the second operational amplifier U1B together with the positive pole of the second electrochemical capacitor C2, the output of the second operational amplifier U1B is connected to the negative pole of the second diode D2, and the positive terminal of the second diode D2 is connected to the control utmost point G end of field effect transistor Q1; The other end of the output of the inverting input of the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C, the second swing arm sample resistance RW2 connects together; The source S end of the negative pole of the in-phase input end of the 3rd operational amplifier U1C and the 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3, field effect transistor Q1, the other end of the 3rd resistance R 3 couple together; The inverting input of the 3rd operational amplifier U1C is connected with the swing arm end of the second swing arm sample resistance RW2; The positive terminal voltage "+" of storage battery BT1 provides positive voltage for the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C, and the negative pole ground voltage of solar cell U0 provides negative voltage for the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C;
Storage battery charge control circuit comprises a storage battery BT1, field effect transistor Q1, a 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3 and the 4th resistance R 4; The drain D end of field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the negative pole of storage battery BT1 ground end; The positive pole of one end of the 4th resistance R 4 and the 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3 is all connected with the positive terminal "+" of storage battery BT1, and the other end of the 4th resistance R 4 is received the control utmost point G end of field effect transistor Q1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320446815.3U CN203416011U (en) | 2013-07-25 | 2013-07-25 | Solar charging control loop |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201320446815.3U CN203416011U (en) | 2013-07-25 | 2013-07-25 | Solar charging control loop |
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| CN203416011U true CN203416011U (en) | 2014-01-29 |
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| CN201320446815.3U Expired - Fee Related CN203416011U (en) | 2013-07-25 | 2013-07-25 | Solar charging control loop |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103457315A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-12-18 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Solar charging control circuit |
| CN106997680A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-08-01 | 苏州合欣美电子科技有限公司 | A kind of vehicle position monitoring system based on double locating modules |
-
2013
- 2013-07-25 CN CN201320446815.3U patent/CN203416011U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103457315A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-12-18 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Solar charging control circuit |
| CN106997680A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-08-01 | 苏州合欣美电子科技有限公司 | A kind of vehicle position monitoring system based on double locating modules |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140129 Termination date: 20150725 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |