CN203412699U

CN203412699U - Vertical axis wind power generation system working on double wind speed power curves

Info

Publication number: CN203412699U
Application number: CN201320224674.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 伍培云; 王洪福; 顾曙敏
Original assignee: 伍培云
Priority date: 2013-04-24
Filing date: 2013-04-28
Publication date: 2014-01-29
Anticipated expiration: 2023-04-28
Also published as: CN104121146A

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical axis wind power generation system working on a double wind speed power curves. Two groups of Darrieus wind wheels are designed, one group of Darrieus wind wheel is arranged on a rotor of a generator and the other group of Darrieus wind wheel is arranged on a stator of the generator, however, rotating directions of the Darrieus wind wheels are just opposite. The bottom of the generator is fixed on a rotating body; the rotating body can freely rotate around a center axis of the generator in a magnetic suspension non-friction mode; at a low wind speed, double wind wheels work; at a high wind speed, only the rotor wind wheel works; according to variation of the wind speed, the wind power generation system is controlled to circulate the two working modes by a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and double-power-curve working of the system on the low-wind-speed power curve and the high-wind-speed power curve; and the start wind speed is low; and the working wind speed range is wide. The vertical axis wind power generation system is particularly suitable for vast areas with nonuniform annual wind speed distribution; and annual energy output can be improved severalfold. The wind power generation system disclosed by the utility model has reliable performance, is stable, has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, is low in cost, is difficult to damage, is durable and is easy to maintain.

Description

A kind of vertical axis wind power generation system of working in two wind speed power curve

Technical field

The utility model belongs to a kind of vertical axis wind power generation system, native system can be realized the two power curve work in low wind speed power curve and high wind speed power curve, overcome the intrinsic a kind of disadvantage of existing wind-power generating system, the work wind speed range of wind-driven generator is narrower, the contradiction that low exactly wind speed and high wind speed can not be taken into account.And this power generation system has the same generating capacity at low wind speed and high wind speed, and reduce starting wind velocity, widened the scope of the work wind speed of generator.Be specially adapted to the vast year very inhomogeneous area of wind speed profile, can increase several fold annual electricity generating capacity.

Background technique

At present, wind-power generating system kind is a lot of on the market, has horizontal axis, vertical axis wind power generation system, and the wind-driven generator having adopted has 3 kinds, i.e. DC generator, asynchronous and synchronous alternator; No matter be which kind of motor, by stator and the large parts of rotor two, form (having dividing of internal rotor and external rotor), by the rotation of rotor, in the winding in variation magnetic field, produce induction electromotive force, the wind energy transformation that wind wheel is caught becomes electric energy.In fact can not all change the wind energy of catching into electric energy, in the situation that air density, power coefficient Cp, place wind speed are identical with mechanical efficiency, the output power of generator is directly proportional to wind wheel area.

Summary of the invention

Theoretical according to Bates, the limiting value of power coefficient C p is 0.593, this is a upper limit, any wind-driven generator all can not be broken through this upper limit, solve the narrower problem of work wind speed range of existing wind-driven generator, when low wind speed, must increase wind wheel area, could increase the generated energy of generator.If single-rotor motor will increase wind wheel area, wind wheel radius

also will increase, in order to guarantee the tip-speed ratio of wind wheel

optimum value (generally between 2.0-7.5,

for wind speed) (because power coefficient

), must reduce the rated speed of motor, increase the number of pole-pairs of motor, the weight and volume of motor increases greatly, and cost will be multiplied.The present invention is in the situation that existing motor number of pole-pairs is constant, on vertical-axis generators stator, increase by one group of wind wheel as shown in Figure 1, thereby guarantee to make one times of wind wheel area change in situation that C p is constant, the operation of implementation double rotor, thereby the generated energy of (wind speed is less than 5 meter per seconds) generator while realizing the low wind speed of increase.When becoming high wind speed (more than wind speed 5 meter per seconds), motor stator braking, only has epitrochanterian wind wheel work, thereby makes motor be in best generating state.Native system has been realized blower fan and has been worked in two kinds of wind speed power curve, and front a kind of nominal operation wind speed is less than 5 meter per seconds, and rear a kind of nominal operation wind speed can be greater than 10 meter per seconds.The work wind speed range of therefore having widened generator, is of great significance abundant Collection and use wind energy tool.According to electromagnetic induction principle, the conductor induction electromotive force size that motion cutting magnetic line produces in magnetic field is:

( 1)

In formula,

for coil turn,

for the amplitude (Wb) of main flux,

for angular velocity of rotation (rad/s), t is time (s).The difference of birotor permanent magnetic synchronous machine (PMSM) and common PMSM is that its armature portion also can rotate, the power resources of two rotors produce the interaction between magnetic field in permanent magnet and armature, therefore, two rotors will be along contrary direction rotation.From formula (1), if adopt dual-rotor structure, even if definitely rotating speed is very low, also can make the relative rotation speed between magnetic field and winding become large.By formula (1), can be obtained:

Wherein, , be respectively the angular velocity of rotation of inner and outer Rotator.Double rotor synchronous generator in the ideal situation, the rotating speed opposite sign but equal magnitude of inner and outer rotors.If

,

so, have:

( 2)

Comparison type (1) and formula (2) are known, under identical condition, the wind energy utilization of birotor generator and generating capacity have all improved 1 times, because two wind wheel starting torques double, even if wind speed is very low, also can move, reduce starting wind velocity, widened the scope of the work wind speed of generator.For realizing the purpose of this utility model, taked following technological scheme:

Design two groups of Da Lie formula wind wheels, one group of Da Lie formula wind wheel (1) is arranged on the rotor of generator, and another group Da Lie formula wind wheel (2) is arranged on the stator of generator, and as shown in Figure 1, but the sense of rotation in their whens work is just in time contrary.It is upper that generator (3) bottom is fixed on a solid of rotation (4), and as shown in Figure 1, this solid of rotation (4) can be around the central shaft of generator (3)

rotation, solid of rotation (4) is placed on a coupling arrangement (10) of tower bar (13) upper end, between the upper plane of coupling arrangement (10) and the lower surface of revolution of solid of rotation (4), with thrust ball bearing (5) and magnetic levitation system (6), isolate, thrust ball bearing (5) and magnetic levitation system (6) as shown in Figure 2, on solid of rotation (4) central shaft, upper/lower terminal respectively has a cylindrical bearing (7) to be fixed in coupling arrangement (10), guarantees that solid of rotation (4) freely rotates around vertical axis.In coupling arrangement (10), also install in addition one to the electromagnetic brake of solid of rotation (4) (8) and be fixed on anti-rotation body on solid of rotation running shaft and topple over and depart from fastener (9).The utility model reliable performance, stable, simple in structure, easy to manufacture, cost is low, not fragile, durable in use, for ease of maintenaince.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further describe technical characteristics of the present utility model:

The sectional structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1, the vertical axis wind power generation system of working in two wind speed power curve;

The plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 2, thrust ball bearing and magnetic levitation system.In figure:

1, rotor Da Lie formula wind wheel; 2 stator Da Lie formula wind wheels, 3, generator; 4, solid of rotation; 5, thrust ball bearing; 6, magnetic levitation system; 7, cylindrical bearing; 8, electromagnetic brake; 9, anti-rotation body is toppled over disengaging fastener; 10, coupling arrangement; 11, collector ring; 12, tenminal block; 13, tower bar; 14, air velocity transducer; 15, PLC controller; 16, ballast

Specific embodiments

As shown in drawings, the wind speed that records the residing environment of wind-power generating system when air velocity transducer (14) is greater than the predetermined starting wind velocity of blower fan (for example wind speed 2 meter per seconds), PLC controller (15) obtains after starting order, electromagnetic coil in magnetic levitation system (6) is switched on, in magnetic levitation system (6) gap, pole polarity is identical relatively, produce repulsive force, the solid of rotation (4) that has made to fix generator (3) is in maglev state, solid of rotation (4) and coupling arrangement (10) have direct level contacts except cylindrical bearing (7) and collector ring (11), without any vertical contact, resisting moment is very little, central shaft rotation at stator wind wheel (2) wind-force moment loading stator around generator (3), rotor wind wheel (1) wind-force moment loading rotor is around the central shaft counterrotating of generator (3).The electric current that generator (3) sends is transferred to ballast (16) by collector ring (11) and becomes direct current DC output, battery charging or inverter inversion can be passed to, the ac power supply of constant frequency and constant voltage can be reverse into by two kinds of inverters (grid type and from net type).This method of operation is the mode of working in low wind speed power curve.Also need explanation, because wind-force is unbalanced, be in generator (3) system of magnetic suspension state partly, have small size swing, for preventing solid of rotation (4) and the collision of coupling arrangement (10) plane, in the middle of them, settle a thrust ball bearing (5).The wind speed that records the residing environment of wind-power generating system when air velocity transducer (14) is greater than the wind speed (for example wind speed 8 meter per seconds) that the predetermined starting of blower fan is worked in high wind speed power curve, PLC controller (15) obtains after starting order, to the electromagnetic coil power-off in magnetic levitation system (6), electromagnetic coil in electromagnetic brake (8) is switched on, motor (3) stator of stator wind wheel (2) effect just stops operating, and only has rotor wind wheel (1) wind-force moment loading rotor around the central shaft rotation of generator (3).This method of operation is the mode of working in high wind speed power curve.According to the variation of wind speed, the above two kinds of working methods of wind-power generating system circulation.The design of two kinds of wind speed power curve, according to the nominal parameter of generator (3) and wind wheel (1) (2) laid down by.

Claims

1. a vertical axis wind power generation system of working in two wind speed power curve, mainly contain rotor Da Lie formula wind wheel (1), stator Da Lie formula wind wheel (2), generator (3), solid of rotation (4), thrust ball bearing (5), magnetic levitation system (6), cylindrical bearing (7), electromagnetic brake (8), anti-rotation body is toppled over disengaging fastener (9), coupling arrangement (10), collector ring (11), tenminal block (12), tower bar (13), air velocity transducer (14), PLC controller (15) and ballast (16) connect and compose by installation and wire, it is characterized in that: be arranged on the rotor Da Lie formula wind wheel (1) on rotor shaft and be arranged on the central shaft opposite direction rotation around generator (3) under the effect of wind-force of stator Da Lie formula wind wheel (2) in stator axis, between the horizontal end face of solid of rotation (4) and coupling arrangement (10), by thrust ball bearing (5) and magnetic levitation system (6), isolated.

2. a kind of vertical axis wind power generation system of working in two wind speed power curve as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that solid of rotation (4) and coupling arrangement (10) have direct level contacts except cylindrical bearing (7) and collector ring (11), without any vertical contact, in coupling arrangement (10), also install one to the electromagnetic brake of solid of rotation (4) (8) and be fixed on anti-rotation body on solid of rotation (4) running shaft and topple over and depart from fastener (9).

3. a kind of vertical axis wind power generation system of working in two wind speed power curve as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the wind velocity signal of PLC controller (15) by gathering air velocity transducer (14) is to its break-make of Current Control in the electromagnetic coil of magnetic levitation system (6) and electromagnetic brake (8).