CN203412630U - Coal mine tunnel roof monitoring system based on optical fiber grating - Google Patents
Coal mine tunnel roof monitoring system based on optical fiber grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN203412630U CN203412630U CN201320477526.XU CN201320477526U CN203412630U CN 203412630 U CN203412630 U CN 203412630U CN 201320477526 U CN201320477526 U CN 201320477526U CN 203412630 U CN203412630 U CN 203412630U
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- fiber grating
- sensing unit
- top board
- coal mine
- force block
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a coal mine tunnel roof monitoring system based on an optical fiber grating. The coal mine tunnel roof monitoring system comprises a ground control device, a displacement sensing unit and a pressure sensing unit, wherein the ground control device is arranged on the ground above a mine; the displacement sensing unit comprises an optical fiber grating displacement meter and a double-groove pulley, the optical fiber grating displacement meter comprises a first optical fiber grating, a first stress block and a spring, the first optical fiber grating is fixed on the first stress block which is connected to the spring, the first stress block is fixed on a lateral wall or a roof of a tunnel, and a spring is fixed on another lateral wall or a baseplate of the tunnel through a traction steel wire; the pressure sensing unit comprises a second optical fiber grating and a second stress block, the second optical fiber grating is fixed on the second stress block which is fixed on the lateral wall or the roof of the tunnel. The coal mine tunnel roof monitoring system based on the optical fiber grating has the advantages that the measurement of parameters of the coal mine roof is realized by arranging the displacement sensing unit and the pressure sensing unit through the optical fiber grating, and the coal mine tunnel roof monitoring system is convenient to maintain and is used for ensuring the safety of tunnel construction.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to coal mine roadway safety monitoring technology, relates in particular to a kind of coal mine tunnel top board monitoring system based on fiber grating.
Background technology
Coal mine tunnel top board refers to the rock stratum being positioned under coal mine above tunnel.Because the forming process in tunnel has been destroyed the original balance in mine, not in place if supporting measure is done, can there is the accident of top board slump, coal production personnel's safety is formed greatly and threatened.Generation for fear of top board slump accident, conventionally to help the parameters such as the amount of shifting near and roof to floor convergence to gather and monitor to roof pressure, lateral wall pressure, two, thereby analyze pressure and the change in shape of top board, realize prediction and early warning to top board slump accident.
Existing Roof Monitor mode is to utilize electronic sensor and range sensor to measure parameters such as roof pressure and roof to floor convergence, by wired or wireless mode, data transfer is arrived to ground monitoring main frame, thereby realize the enforcement monitoring of top board.
But the existing mode of electronic sensor and range sensor monitoring top board of utilizing has following shortcoming:
1, power supply difficulty.Because underground power supply used engineering quantity is huge, cost is high, and many tunnels cannot directly provide cable power.
2, top board plant maintenance difficulty.The height of top board generally has 3 meters or higher, if adopt battery apparatus to power to electronic sensor, and along with the increase of test point, no matter wired power supply or powered battery, the maintenance engineering amount of equipment is all huge.
Utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of coal mine tunnel top board monitoring system based on fiber grating, to address the deficiencies of the prior art, so that roadway construction is safer.
The utility model provides a kind of coal mine tunnel top board monitoring system based on fiber grating, wherein, comprising:
Ground control unit, is arranged on aboveground ground, by optical cable, is connected with pressure-sensing unit with the displacement sensing unit that is positioned at coal mine roadway;
Displacement sensing unit, described displacement sensing unit comprises Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter, described Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter comprises the first fiber grating, the first force block and spring, described the first fiber grating is fixed on described the first force block, described the first force block is connected with described spring, described the first force block is fixed on the lateral wall or top board in tunnel, and described spring is fixed on another lateral wall or base plate in tunnel by traction steel wire;
Pressure-sensing unit, described pressure-sensing unit comprises the second fiber grating and the second force block, and described the second fiber grating is fixed on described the second force block, and described the second force block is fixed on the lateral wall or top board in tunnel.
Coal mine tunnel top board monitoring system based on fiber grating as above, wherein, preferably: described displacement sensing unit also comprises double grooved pulley, described double grooved pulley comprises the first pulley and the second pulley, the external diameter of described the first pulley is less than the external diameter of described the second pulley, described spring is connected with described the first pulley by transmission steel wire, and described the second pulley is fixed on the lateral wall or top board in tunnel by traction steel wire.
Coal mine tunnel top board monitoring system based on fiber grating as above, wherein, preferably, described pressure-sensing unit also comprises: rotation-stop device, is arranged on rib, and fits with the outside wall surface extruding of described the second force block.
Coal mine tunnel top board monitoring system based on fiber grating as above, wherein, preferably: described ground control unit comprises monitor terminal, data server and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is connected with described data server with described monitor terminal respectively, three carries out communication by network, and described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is connected in series with described displacement sensing unit and described pressure-sensing unit by optical cable.
Coal mine tunnel top board monitoring system based on fiber grating as above, wherein, preferably: described the first force block and described the second force block are block rubber.
Coal mine tunnel top board monitoring system based on fiber grating as above, wherein, preferably: on described the second force block, be provided with installing hole, anchor pole wears and is fixed in described installing hole, and described anchor pole is fixed on the lateral wall or top board in described tunnel.
The coal mine tunnel top board monitoring system based on fiber grating that the utility model provides is by arranging pressure-sensing unit and displacement sensing unit, substituted electronic sensor, therefore without Power supply, solved the difficult problem of powering, based on fiber grating, realized the measurement to coal mine roof plate parameter, easy to maintenance, make roadway construction safer.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of the coal mine tunnel top board monitoring system based on fiber grating that Fig. 1 provides for the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of displacement sensing unit;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of pressure-sensing unit;
Fig. 4 is a kind of optimal way that sensor connects;
Fig. 5 is the scheme of installation of displacement sensing unit;
Fig. 6 is the scheme of installation of pressure-sensing unit.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of coal mine tunnel top board monitoring system based on fiber grating, comprising ground control unit 1, displacement sensing unit 3 and pressure-sensing unit 2.
Wherein, monitor terminal 11 is for carrying out alternately with user, can top board data be monitored, be analyzed and printing etc.Data server 12 is for storing and recall top board parameter.Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 13 is comprised of Laser Power Devices, optical system, Photoelectric Detection and processing module, can carry out data acquisition to multi-channel optical fibre grating.
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 13 is connected in series with displacement sensing unit 3 and pressure-sensing unit 2 mutually by optical cable 4, and on top board or lateral wall, each test point can be by several displacement sensing unit 3 or the 2 combination monitorings of pressure-sensing unit.Wherein, pressure-sensing unit 2 is for gathering roof pressure and lateral wall pressure parameter, and the amount of shifting near, roof to floor convergence or the top board amount of moving down parameter are helped for gathering two in displacement sensing unit 3.
As shown in Figure 2, displacement sensing unit 3 comprises Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter 31, and Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter 31 comprises the first fiber grating 312, the first force block 311 and spring 313, and wherein, the first fiber grating 312 is fixed on the first force block 311.Preferably, the first fiber grating 312 is sticked on the first force block 311, the first force block 311 is connected with spring 313.The first force block 311 is fixed on the lateral wall or top board in tunnel, and spring 313 can directly be fixed on another lateral wall of tunnel or base plate, also can be fixing again by double grooved pulley 32.Double grooved pulley 32 comprises the first pulley 321 and the second pulley 322, the external diameter of the first pulley 321 is less than the external diameter of the second pulley 322, spring 313 is connected with the first pulley 321 by transmission steel wire 33, and the second pulley 322 is fixed on another lateral wall or base plate in tunnel by traction steel wire 34.
When the displacement between top board and base plate or between two lateral walls changes, spring 313 under tension effects, now, the first force block 311 distortion cause the first fiber grating 312 refractive index cycles to change.When laser pulse passes through the first fiber grating 312, its wavelength also can change, and demodulates thus corresponding physical quantity and analyzes.
Because one end of spring 313 can be connected with the first pulley 321 of path by transmission steel wire 33, traction steel wire 34 is connected with second pulley 322 in large footpath, and the radius of establishing large footpath pulley is R
1, the radius of path pulley is R
2, R
1> R
2.
If the range of Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter 31 is that (0, L), the range of whole displacement sensing unit 3 is
this shows, select suitable pulley, this displacement sensing unit 3 can obtain than the larger dynamic range of direct use Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter 31.
As shown in Figure 3, pressure-sensing unit 2 comprises that the second fiber grating 22 and the second force block 21, the second fiber gratings 22 are fixed on the second force block 21.Similar with the fixed form of the first fiber grating 312, the second fiber grating 22 also can stick on the second force block 21, and the second force block 21 is fixed on tunnel lateral wall or top board.
The fixed form of the second force block 21 can be: on the second force block 21, offer installing hole, anchor pole or anchor cable pass this installing hole secure fit, then anchor pole or anchor cable are fixed on the lateral wall or top board in tunnel.Also can utilize securing member the second force block 21 to be fixed on to the pallet outside of anchor pole.When using securing member to be fixed the second force block 21, preferably, rotation-stop device is set, rotation-stop device is fixed on rib, and the outer wall extruding laminating with the second force block 21, utilizes the effect of frictional force, rotation-stop device can be bulk, also can be other shapes, as long as can fit with the second force block 21, to prevent that pressure-sensing unit 2 fastener in installation process from driving and rotating.
The first force block 311 and the second force block 21 are all preferably block rubber, and when the pressure of top board or lateral wall changes, the second force block 21 can be squeezed, thereby make the second fiber grating 22 that deformation occur, and cause that laser pulse wavelength changes.According to the variation of wavelength, can calculate the force value that back or lateral wall are subject to.
The principle of changing between optical maser wavelength and physical quantity is as follows: no matter pressure-sensing unit or displacement sensing unit, they are all that beaer, under stress, alteration of form occurs, thereby fiber grating refractive index cycle is changed.
If laser incident wavelength is λ
0, it is λ by not there is its catoptrical wavelength after the fiber grating of deformation
t, λ so
tthe centre wavelength that is called fiber grating.When the refractive index cycle of fiber grating changes, its catoptrical wavelength becomes
the variation delta λ of wavelength is:
Δλ＝λ
t-λ'
t
For displacement sensing unit, the displacement of its traction steel wire can be described as the function of wavelength variable quantity, that is, and and L=f (Δ λ);
For pressure-sensing unit, its pressure size also can be described as the function of the variable quantity of wavelength, that is, and and P=f (Δ λ);
The measured value of each sensor and standard transducer is carried out to comparison calibration, after calibration, form wavelength variable quantity table corresponding to physical quantity, can after fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator demodulates wavelength variable quantity, table look-up and obtain the value of respective physical amount.
Also can simulate function L=f (Δ λ) and P=f (Δ λ) by the method for data fitting, then with fitting function, calculate the value of respective physical amount.
Usining the Shenhua Group Wuhai Lao Shi of energy company dawn colliery is below described as instantiation, selects 16404 return aircoursies in this mining area.Monitoring parameter is: roof pressure, lateral wall pressure, roof to floor convergence and two are helped the amount of shifting near.
In the machine room of ground, arrange monitor terminal, data server and 16 passage fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulators, three carries out exchanges data by network.
Optical cable one end is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, and the other end is laid in 1000 meters of of 16404 return aircoursies along underworkings, and two passages, as monitoring channel, are reserved 14 passages of expansion from now in addition.
For easy construction, first on ground, in advance displacement sensing unit and pressure-sensing unit are connected in series, as shown in Figure 4, the amount of shifting near is helped for monitoring two in the first displacement sensing unit 301, the second displacement sensing cell 302 is for monitoring roof to floor convergence, and its mounting means as shown in Figure 5.When two lateral walls 6 shift near or when the distance of top board 5 and base plate 8 shifts near, traction steel wire 7 shortens.Under the effect of spring tension, the first pulley of path rotates, and the part that traction steel wire is shortened is drawn in second pulley in large footpath.Because spring tension diminishes, cause that laser pulse wavelength changes simultaneously.The radius ratio of double grooved pulley is 10:1, and the measurement category of Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter is (0,10) cm, and the measurement category of whole displacement sensing unit is (0,100) cm.
The first pressure-sensing unit 201 is for measuring roof pressure, and the second pressure-sensing unit 202 is for measuring lateral wall pressure, and its mounting means as shown in Figure 6.
Anchor pole/anchor cable hole by anchor cable or anchor pole 9 through pressure-sensing unit, is fixed in the outside of respective trays with the securing member of anchor cable or anchor pole 9.Because anchor cable or anchor pole 9 have been anchored among rock stratum, when top board 5 pressure or lateral wall 6 pressure change, the second force block in the first pressure-sensing unit 201 or the second pressure-sensing unit 202 will be squeezed, thereby make the second fiber grating generation deformation, cause that laser pulse wavelength changes.
In system, each sensor has formed wavelength variable quantity and the corresponding table of thing amount amount after calibrating with standard transducer, by Numerical Methods, simulates function L=f (Δ λ) and P=f (Δ λ).
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator in the machine room of ground forms respective physical amount after the variable quantity of laser pulse wavelength is processed, and is stored among data server, and for monitor terminal, user provides real time data.
The coal mine tunnel top board monitoring system based on fiber grating that the utility model embodiment provides is by arranging pressure-sensing unit and displacement sensing unit, based on fiber grating, realized the measurement to coal mine roof plate parameter, the coal mine tunnel top board monitoring system based on fiber grating that the utility model embodiment provides, its advantage is:
1, survey mark, without power supply, has been avoided the safety issue causing due to electronic component fault.
2, survey mark does not have electronic component, and therefore, design and construction without carrying out power-supply system, reduced construction and maintenance workload.
3, real-time, its acquisition rate is only relevant with the tranmitting frequency of the laser pulse of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator;
4, the basic principle due to its measurement is each sensing amount to be changed into the variable quantity of laser pulse wavelength, so precision is very high;
5, by changing the large path ratio of double grooved pulley, can change easily its measurement category, thereby realize wide range, the high-precision measurement amount that shifts near;
6,, by changing material and the shape of the first force block and the second force block, can adapt to various top boards, lateral wall pressure force measurement;
Finally it should be noted that: above embodiment only, in order to the technical solution of the utility model to be described, is not intended to limit; Although the utility model is had been described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: its technical scheme that still can record aforementioned each embodiment is modified, or part technical characterictic is wherein equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the scope of each embodiment technical scheme of the utility model.
Claims (6)
1. the coal mine tunnel top board monitoring system based on fiber grating, is characterized in that, comprising:
Ground control unit, is arranged on aboveground ground, by optical cable, is connected with pressure-sensing unit with the displacement sensing unit that is positioned at coal mine roadway;
Displacement sensing unit, described displacement sensing unit comprises Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter, described Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter comprises the first fiber grating, the first force block and spring, described the first fiber grating is fixed on described the first force block, described the first force block is connected with described spring, described the first force block is fixed on the lateral wall or top board in tunnel, and described spring is fixed on another lateral wall or base plate in tunnel by traction steel wire;
Pressure-sensing unit, described pressure-sensing unit comprises the second fiber grating and the second force block, and described the second fiber grating is fixed on described the second force block, and described the second force block is fixed on the lateral wall or top board in tunnel.
2. the coal mine tunnel top board monitoring system based on fiber grating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described displacement sensing unit also comprises double grooved pulley, described double grooved pulley comprises the first pulley and the second pulley, the external diameter of described the first pulley is less than the external diameter of described the second pulley, described spring is connected with described the first pulley by transmission steel wire, and described the second pulley is fixed on the lateral wall or top board in tunnel by traction steel wire.
3. the coal mine tunnel top board monitoring system based on fiber grating according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described pressure-sensing unit also comprises: rotation-stop device, is arranged on rib, and fits with the outside wall surface extruding of described the second force block.
4. the coal mine tunnel top board monitoring system based on fiber grating according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described ground control unit comprises monitor terminal, data server and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is connected with described data server with described monitor terminal respectively, three carries out communication by network, and described fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is connected in series with described displacement sensing unit and described pressure-sensing unit by optical cable.
5. the coal mine tunnel top board monitoring system based on fiber grating according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described the first force block and described the second force block are block rubber.
6. the coal mine tunnel top board monitoring system based on fiber grating according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: on described the second force block, be provided with installing hole, anchor pole wears and is fixed in described installing hole, and described anchor pole is fixed on the lateral wall or top board in described tunnel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320477526.XU CN203412630U (en) | 2013-08-06 | 2013-08-06 | Coal mine tunnel roof monitoring system based on optical fiber grating |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320477526.XU CN203412630U (en) | 2013-08-06 | 2013-08-06 | Coal mine tunnel roof monitoring system based on optical fiber grating |
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| CN203412630U true CN203412630U (en) | 2014-01-29 |
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| CN201320477526.XU Expired - Lifetime CN203412630U (en) | 2013-08-06 | 2013-08-06 | Coal mine tunnel roof monitoring system based on optical fiber grating |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105298542A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-02-03 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Method and system for monitoring fully-mechanized coal mining face roof |
| CN105806378A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-07-27 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Fiber Bragg grating demodulating device |
-
2013
- 2013-08-06 CN CN201320477526.XU patent/CN203412630U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105298542A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-02-03 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Method and system for monitoring fully-mechanized coal mining face roof |
| CN105806378A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-07-27 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Fiber Bragg grating demodulating device |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20140129 |