CN203400196U - Intramedullary nail - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intramedullary nail. The intramedullary nail is an intramedullary support used for treating and fixing long-pipe-shaped bones during treatment of fractures of the long-pipe-shaped bones and comprises a nail rod, wherein transverse positioning holes are formed in the two ends of the nail rod, an axial tail cap bolt hole matched with a tail cap is formed in one end of the nail rod, and long grooves symmetric in the radial direction are formed in the length direction of the nail rod. Long bar-shaped holes penetrating the part in the radial direction of the nail rod are formed in the long grooves of the nail rod and are evenly distributed in the length direction of the nail rod at intervals. Threads matched with transverse nails locking broken bone blocks are arranged on the side walls of the long bar-shaped holes. At least two rows of long bar-shaped holes are distributed in the peripheral direction. The width of each long groove ranges from 0.6 the radius of the nail rod to the radius of the nail rod, and the depth of each long groove ranges from 0.4 the radius of the nail rod to 0.6 the radius of the nail rod. Because the intramedullary nail is made of titanium alloy materials and the cross section of the nail rod is two perpendicular H shapes, the intramedullary nail plays roles in reinforcing, good supporting and good fixing, can prevent transverse slight moving, overstretching and rotating of broken ends of the fractured bones, and can fix any broken bone block of the comminuted fractures.

Description

Intramedullary pin

Technical field

This utility model relates to the fixed support that a kind of orthopaedics is used, in particular for the marrow inner support for the treatment of fixed length tubular bone fracture.

Background technology

Fracture refers to a kind of disease that causes sclerotin partially or completely to rupture due to reasons such as wound or pathology.Reset, fixing, these three basic principles of functional exercise are followed in the treatment of fracture.Reset is that the fracture site that displacement occurs after fracture is again recovered to normal or approaches original normal position, again to recover the support effect of skeleton.After the reduction of the fracture, if without fixedly securing, easily generation is shifted again, therefore should after the reduction of the fracture, give corresponding fixing to promote union of fracture.

The conventional fixing means of fracturing is divided into outer fixing and interior fixing.Along with internal fixation material, operation method are updated and the transformation of people to fractures method idea, fracture trends towards the internal fixation treatment of performing the operation more now.Inside-fixture can be divided into marrow external fixer and marrow inner fixing device substantially, and since 19th century, blade plate and intramedullary pin are progressively for the treatment of long tubular bone fracture.

Intramedullary pin is the fixture in a kind of widely used fracture marrow, and it is one to have the support bar of some strength, and can have certain dissection radian.For long tubular bone fracture, intramedullary pin meets the mechanical characteristic of bone more because of it, the first-selection of Chang Zuowei treatment, it is stable that initial intramedullary pin mainly relies on the frictional force of main nail and pulp cavity to control fracture site, this fixed form can only be resisted the stress that bending load produces to a certain extent, stress for axial load and the generation of rotation load can not provide enough antagonism, often causes cripetura and the rotation displacement of fracture site.

The two ends of intramedullary pin now have respectively two horizontal locating holes, and locating hole is through crosspin, to prevent that intramedullary pin from rotating.Intramedullary pin can play part and prevent fracture site twisting action, but can not control the problems such as the rotation of fracture site, horizontal fine motion completely.Interlocking intramedullary nail is now compared and is had better axial and rotation fixation compared with other intramedullary pin, but for complicated fracture, interlocking intramedullary nail still can not provide enough broken ends of fractured bone stability reliably.

In order to improve stability maintenance, conventionally need to adopt and expand marrow technology to increase pulp cavity with the contact area of intramedullary pin, yet expand marrow, cause marrow internal pressure to raise and perimyelis damage, and cause that other disease occurs, and affect union of fracture.In order to improve stability maintenance and to solve the problem of support strength, Chinese patent literature (patent No. is 201120303002.X) discloses a kind of marrow inner fixed support, it comprises the cylindric nail bar of the axial bolt hole of one end band, external diameter and the pulp cavity matched in clearance of nail bar, the symmetrical elongated slot that has rectangle along its length on the sidewall of nail bar, elongated slot bottom is arranged at intervals with some penetrating tapped lock holes along nail pole length direction, on these lock holes, crosspin can be installed, attempt cracked bone piece to fix.Described lock hole is generally that interval is arranged uniformly.But in clinical practice, the situation of bone fracture is varied, during such as comminuted fracture, skeleton fragments into a lot of fragments sometimes, and the size of fragment, position have a lot of uncertainties.Above-mentioned prior art can not be fixed the cracked bone piece in many places; these cracked bone pieces just can not fit like a glove with other bone; after bone growth healing, on the surface of bone, can leave rugged vestige, these vestiges can become the fracture origin of second fracture.

Utility model content

This utility model technical issues that need to address are to provide a kind of high-intensity intramedullary pin, and it can prevent the horizontal fine motion of fracture site, excessively stretch and rotate, and also can be fixed any cracked bone piece of comminuted fracture.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical solution adopted in the utility model is:

Intramedullary pin, comprise that two ends are provided with one end, located lateral hole with having the nail bar of the elongated slot of radial symmetric on the axial tail cap bolt hole length direction coordinating with tail cap, in the elongated slot of described nail bar, have and run through nail bar strip hole radially, strip hole is evenly arranged along nail pole length direction interval, and the screw thread coordinating with the crosspin of the broken bone piece of locking is set on strip hole sidewall.

Improvement of the present utility model is: threaded strip hole two rows that at least distribute on circumference.

The quantity of every platoon leader's cylindrical void is 4～8, and the back gauge between adjacent strip hole is 5～10mm.

Further improvement of the utility model is: the width of described elongated slot is 0.6～1 times of nail bar radius, and the degree of depth is 0.4～0.6 times of nail bar radius.

Further improvement of the utility model is: the distance of the inwall of described strip hole is identical with the width of elongated slot.

Further improvement of the utility model is: the diameter of described nail bar is 8～10mm.

Owing to having adopted technique scheme, the obtained technological progress of this utility model is:

Intramedullary pin nail bar of the present utility model adopts titanium alloy material, and the cross section of nail bar is I shape, plays booster action, and the intensity of nail bar is higher, during use, can, in the situation that not expanding marrow, play good support and fixation.It can prevent the horizontal fine motion of fracture site, excessively stretch and rotate, and also can be fixed any cracked bone piece of comminuted fracture.

During use, on the tail cap thread hole of nail boom end, connect targeting device, then nail bar is inserted in the cavity of skeleton, locating hole by nail bar two ends links into an integrated entity the skeleton of fracture and nail bar, simultaneously, cracked bone piece is passed with crosspin, and crosspin is screwed on the screw thread of strip hole, bone piece is fixed.This utility model is designed to strip by the screwed hole of nail bar, and circumferencial direction distribute two and or more than two, what make to follow closely bar nearly all has screwed hole along its length and along the circumferential direction, no matter where cracked bone piece is, can bone piece be penetrated and is fixed on nail bar with crosspin, thereby reduce operating difficulty, shortened operating time.Screwed hole is designed to strip simultaneously, can make bone piece and crosspin can on the length direction of rectangular screwed hole, do small movement, after the firm static pinning of, near-end far away when removing, when skeleton is subject to along the pressure of bone length direction, cracked bone gap further can be compressed, make the contact between the crack of skeleton tightr, not only be conducive to the healing of skeleton, but also make the intensity of sutura of healing higher, more approaching with the intensity of the bone of fracture not.

This utility model arranges after elongated slot on nail bar, the cross section of nail bar is I shape, and the width of elongated slot is 1～1.2 times of nail bar radius, and the degree of depth of elongated slot is 0.4～0.6 times of nail bar radius, the nail bar of this structure has good mechanical property, can effectively avoid the bending of intramedullary pin.The lock hole evenly arranging, space 30～50mm, is convenient to coordinate lock screw, and stably fixing fracture site, even can fix smashing floating bone block, has avoided the excessive fine motion of the broken ends of fractured bone.Tapped lock hole and screw fit are tighter, more firm to fixing of the broken ends of fractured bone.Intramedullary pin of the present utility model can effectively maintain limbs length, improved the anti-rotation performance of nail bar, thereby realize " adopting strong fixing method to recover anatomy seriality and the mechanics integrity of shaft fracture " that AO principle is advocated, contribute to healing and the postoperative early stage functional exercise of fracture site.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of this utility model;

Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the A-A schematic cross-section of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the B-B schematic cross-section of Fig. 1;

Wherein: 1, tail cap thread hole, 2, locating hole, 3, strip hole, 4, nail bar, 5, elongated slot.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, this utility model is described in further details:

Intramedullary pin, as shown in accompanying drawing 1～4, the nail bar 4 that comprises column type, arranges tail cap bolt hole 1 on the end face of one end of nail bar 4, and tail cap bolt hole 1 is followed closely bar 4 inside along being axially disposed within of nail bar, tail cap bolt hole 1 coordinates with tail cap, also be used for connecting targeting device, when nail bar 4 is inserted to bone inner chamber, tail cap bolt hole 1 connects targeting device, after targeting device unloads, with tail cap, seal tail cap bolt hole 1.Two horizontal locating holes 2 are also established respectively at the two ends of nail bar 4, and locating hole 2 is along the radially setting of nail bar 4, for intramedullary pin being positioned to the two ends of knochenbruch.

The total length of nail bar 4 is 380mm, and body diameter is 8～10mm, and in the present embodiment, diameter is 8mm.On the length direction of nail bar 4, have four elongated slots 5, elongated slot 5 between two locating holes 2 of inner side, radial symmetric up/down perforation, four elongated slots 5 arrange symmetrically and evenly on the circumference of nail bar 4, i.e. radial symmetric between two.The width of elongated slot 5 is 0.6～1.0 times of nail bar radius, and in the present embodiment, the width of elongated slot is 0.8 times of nail bar radius, and the degree of depth of elongated slot 5 is 0.4～0.6 times of nail bar radius, is 0.5 times of nail bar radius in the present embodiment.The cross section that nail bar 4 has the part of elongated slot 5 is vertically disposed duplexing font, as shown in Figure 4.

In every elongated slot 5, also have and run through nail bar 4 strip hole 3 radially, strip hole 3 is evenly arranged along nail pole length direction interval, on strip hole 3 sidewalls, screw thread is set, and described screw thread is used in conjunction with the crosspin of the broken bone piece of locking.Threaded strip hole is that radially relative elongated slot 5 on nail bar 4 is got through, and makes screw thread on the sidewall of through hole.The distance of inwall that is strip hole 3 is identical with the width of elongated slot 5.Threaded strip hole two rows that distribute on circumference in the present embodiment, elongated slot is symmetrical four.

The quantity of every platoon leader's cylindrical void 3 is 4～8, and the back gauge between adjacent strip hole 3 is 5～10mm, is total to uniform 6 strip holes 3 in the present embodiment in two symmetrical elongated slots, and the back gauge between adjacent strip hole 3 is 6mm,

Certainly, 380mm can also is longer than or be shorter than to nail pole length of the present utility model, can determine according to skeleton length.The diameter of nail bar 3 can also be the arbitrary diameter value between 8～10mm, or is a bit larger tham the numerical value of 10mm, as 11mm; Also can be the numerical value that is slightly smaller than 8mm, as 6mm.Any number between 0.6～1 times that the width of elongated slot 5 is nail bar radius; The degree of depth of described elongated slot 5 is any number of 0.4～0.6 times of nail bar radius.Elongated slot can also be uniformly distributed six even eight on circumference, and threaded strip hole can be three row or four rows uniform on circumference.The quantity of every platoon leader's cylindrical void 3 can be any number for 4～8, also can further expand or dwindle, and the back gauge between adjacent strip hole 3 can be any number of 5～10mm, also can slightly do to expand or dwindle.Above-mentioned these are changed, and all can realize the purpose of this utility model.

Claims (6)

1. intramedullary pin, comprise that two ends are provided with one end, located lateral hole (2) with having the nail bar (4) of the elongated slot (5) of radial symmetric on axial tail cap bolt hole (1) length direction coordinating with tail cap, it is characterized in that: in the elongated slot (5) of described nail bar (3), have and run through nail bar (4) strip hole (3) radially, strip hole (3) is evenly arranged along nail pole length direction interval, and the screw thread coordinating with the crosspin of the broken bone piece of locking is set on strip hole (3) sidewall.

2. intramedullary pin according to claim 1, is characterized in that: threaded strip hole two rows that at least distribute on circumference.

3. intramedullary pin according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the quantity of every platoon leader's cylindrical void (3) is 4～8, and the back gauge between adjacent strip hole (3) is 5～10mm.

4. intramedullary pin according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the width of described elongated slot (5) is 0.6～1 times of nail bar radius, and the degree of depth is 0.4～0.6 times of nail bar radius.

5. intramedullary pin according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the distance of the inwall of described strip hole (3) is identical with the width of elongated slot (5).

6. according to the intramedullary pin described in claim 1～5 any one, it is characterized in that: the diameter of described nail bar (3) is 8～10mm.

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