CN203376697U

CN203376697U - Light ray tracking device

Info

Publication number: CN203376697U
Application number: CN201320371596.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张云山
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-06-26
Filing date: 2013-06-26
Publication date: 2014-01-01
Anticipated expiration: 2023-06-26

Abstract

A light ray tracking device comprises a light source device, a sensor array and a controller. The light source device is used for generating a light ray which enters a surface in an incident mode. The sensor array comprises a plurality of sensing units which are ranked in an array mode. The controller is coupled with the light source device and the sensor array and used for acquiring light signals received by the sensing units, calculating energy states and calculating the change of the energy states relative to statistical averages before and after acquisition time, wherein the energy states occur before and after a time interval of the sensing units. The sensor array and the controller are jointly integrated in a semiconductor circuit. The light source device, the integrated sensor array and the integrated controller are packaged on a circuit board in the light ray tracking device. Light constructive and destructive interference images between light reflected by the surface and original emitted light are used as a basis for tracking identification, and the light ray tracking device can have the tracking function on planes of various patterns, and is suitable for all planes with high reflectivity or low reflectivity.

Description

The light tracing device

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of smooth indicating device, relates in particular to a kind of people having the same aspiration and interest light interference pattern and special two bits of adopting and gathers the light tracing device of imaging as the motion track basis for estimation.

Background technology

Figure 1 shows that the internal circuit schematic diagram of existing optical mouse 10, optical mouse 10 moves on a surface 11, the main element of mouse case 12 internal circuits is except some optical elements, circuit part is provided with a circuit board 14, circuit board 14 is provided with the controller 18 of a control and computing utilizing emitted light and sensor light, and a light source 16 and sensor 19.

A fluting towards outer surface 11 (aperture) 17 is arranged on the shell 12 of this optical mouse 10, and this circuit board 14 is located near this fluting 17, and circuit board 14 is provided with the light source 16 as radium-shine or light emitting diode (LED).When this optical mouse 10 running, light source 16 produces utilizing emitted light continuously, with special angle directive surface 11, as dotted line in figure means, obtain catoptrical signal through sensor 19, the image of perhaps obtaining intensity of reflected light distributes (as sensor 19 can be CMOS or CCD image sensor), and controller 18 analyzes the moving direction of optical mouse 10.

In the technology of the track of the above-mentioned optical mouse of knowing 10 judgement, quite rely on by the surface 11 catoptrical signals of obtaining, the function of therefore general optical mouse 10 will have different performances along with the form on surface 11.

Such as, if surface 11 for transparent or be difficult for reflective material, this optical mouse 10 can't operate smoothly; If surface 11 comprises the uneven nonplanar structure that rises and falls, this optical mouse 10 also is difficult to smooth operation, such as the cloth that wrinkle Zhe is arranged.

In prior art, if allowing, wish adopt the tracing device of aforementioned optical sensor still to possess the function necessarily tracked on Different Plane, obtain light and move that the mode of conduct uses extra outside location sensing or some complex calculations more, but these location sensings or computing are because the restriction of sensitivity, highly energy-consuming and complicated algorithm etc. are former thereby be only applicable on limited plane sample state.The mode that these are common also is not suitable for all high reflections or very on the plane of antiradar reflectivity, just can't reaches the purpose that light tracks even at all.

The utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of light tracing device, has solved existing light tracing device and can't on Different Plane, possess and track function and can't be applicable to all high reflections or the problem on the plane of antiradar reflectivity very.

The utility model is achieved in that a kind of light tracing device, comprising:

One light supply apparatus, for generation of the light on incident one surface;

One sensor array, comprise with a plurality of inductions of array format first; And

One controller, couple this light supply apparatus and this sensor array, for obtaining the first light signal received of the plurality of induction, and the calculating energy state, and calculate the variation with respect to assembly average before and after acquisition time at front and back, a time interval energy state of this induction unit;

Wherein, this sensor array and this controller are integrated in semiconductor circuit together, and this light supply apparatus and this integrated sensor array and this controller are packaged on the circuit board in this light tracing device.

Particularly, this light tracing device is one to take the optical indicating device that laser light is light source.

The utility model provides a kind ofly carries out according to reflection interference the light tracing device that light tracks, the image of the light of its application surface reflection and destruction interference constructive with the light between former utilizing emitted light, foundation as the identification that tracks, can still there is the function tracked on the plane of various sample states, be applicable to all high reflections or very on the plane of antiradar reflectivity.

The accompanying drawing explanation

Figure 1 shows that optical mouse internal circuit schematic diagram of the prior art;

Figure 2 shows that plane of incidence of the present utility model and catoptrical reflection optical path schematic diagram;

Figure 3 shows that in the utility model light tracing device the schematic diagram that is packaged in the sensor array in an integrated circuit;

The embodiment step that flow process shown in Fig. 4 is the utility model light autonomous tracing in intelligent vehicle;

Figure 5 shows that the embodiment schematic diagram of the sensor array that the utility model tracing device adopts;

Figure 6 shows that the utility model discloses induction unit in device and carries out one of schematic diagram of light autonomous tracing in intelligent vehicle;

Figure 7 shows that the utility model discloses in device two of schematic diagram that each induction unit carries out the light autonomous tracing in intelligent vehicle.

Embodiment

Adopt non-same light modulation (non-coherent light) usually to need complicated data operation program as the technology of shift position judgement, such as judgement mouse motion track, the technology of this class often is limited on several planes (such as avoiding the plane of using light reflectivity too low) just can have effect preferably.In view of this, the utility model has disclosed a kind of light autonomous tracing in intelligent vehicle and device, one of embodiment has adopted same light modulation (coherent light) or has said that light that a kind of space same tone (spatial coherence) is good is as light source, detecting moving direction by using by this, and can be in conjunction with the mode of sensitivity compensation (sensitivity compensation), utilize a kind of light algorithm (movement recognition algorithm) that tracks, the relevant device of this technology that adopts goes on the plane of various sample states.

It is worth mentioning that, can adopt the integrated encapsulation technology of a kind of people having the same aspiration and interest light source (coherent light source package integration) in the light tracing device that the utility model proposes, adopt the device of this type of technology, as optical indicating device, extra optical lens or specific image sensor need not be installed, as a kind of CMOS image sensor (CMOS image sensor, CIS).

At first please be first referring to shown in Fig. 2, by a specific light source device (not being shown in this figure), producing the schematic diagram that incident light 201 directive one planes reflect to form a plurality of reflected light 203 again, light source particularly adopts a kind of as radium-shine same light modulation (coherent light), and " same light modulation " described herein refers to the good light of a kind of space same tone.

A plurality of optical paths that Fig. 2 shows comprise plane with surface structure 205 of incident light 201 directive, then reflect to form reflected light 203.Because microcosmic surface structure 205 is irregular structure, so reflected light 203 forms the light that different directives are arranged as shown in Figure 2.

Light supply apparatus produces incident light 201 directive planes continuously, and reflect to form reflected light 203, in process, reflected light 203 receives via sensor (not being shown in Fig. 2), produce the constructive image (pattern) with destruction interference of light in various optical paths, used especially the incident light 201 of people having the same aspiration and interest light source can to strengthen this interference effect (interference effect) herein.

When the device that is loaded with the interlock circuit of carrying out this autonomous tracing in intelligent vehicle with respect to sense plane (X-Y plane) while being moved, wherein optical sensor receives the information of reflected light 203, again according to the time interval (time slot) sampling (sampling) information material wherein, and the average energy value of obtaining reflected light 203, and calculate the capacity volume variance of reflected light 203 different times, diverse location.Particularly, the light tracing device that the utility model discloses preferably adopts a kind of inductor array (sensor array) to obtain reflected light 203 diverse location energy, and with the difference of the average energy value, can judge motion track.Wherein the calculating of reflected light 203 mean values can adopt the average energy that whole induction units (sensor cell) obtain, the average energy that perhaps part induction unit obtains, such as take the computing reference that row (as the directions X of Fig. 5) mean value or row (as the Y-direction of Fig. 5) mean value is mean value; Also may take the average energy of periphery or center section as reference mean value.

According to one of embodiment that adopts above-mentioned inductor array, if take same light modulation as light source, can strengthen the interference effect of reflection ray.With light modulation, be a kind of light source that has very little phase delay (phase delay) in Yi Bobao (wave envelope), wherein laser light is a kind of same light modulation, is different from the non-same light modulations such as sunshine or LED light.

In the tracing device that application discloses in the utility model with light modulation, can improve the sensitivity of the optical sensor of sensing reflected light interference with light modulation.Because the characteristic of very little phase differential (phase difference) is arranged with light modulation, (spatial interference) disturbed in the space produced with respect to non-people having the same aspiration and interest reflection of light light, with light modulation, has less phase delay (phase delay) phenomenon.Therefore, adopt with light modulation and can add the advantage that disturb in the strong reflection space, sensor as aforementioned array (for light) can be obtained through the space of a plane reflection light and disturb difference.

Sensor array can be consulted in the light of the utility model shown in Fig. 3 tracing device the schematic diagram that is packaged in the sensor array in an integrated circuit (IC).

Show a sensor array 32 of being located on a device (as optical mouse or specific indicating device) interior circuit board 30 in Fig. 3, sensor array 32 includes a plurality of inductions first 301 of array format, by the technology (integrated optical sensor array on IC) of this integrated encapsulation, each induction unit 301 on sensor array 32 can on average obtain the light through plane reflection in fixing position.In Fig. 3 by the range of exposures 303 on light supply apparatus 34 emission of lights to a plane, light directive sensor array 32 after plane reflection afterwards, wherein each induction unit 301 receives respectively the reflected light of different directions, by suitable photosignal conversion, after obtaining signal with interlock circuit, the integrated controller 36 of semiconductor circuit together with sensor array 32 in device can calculate the mean value that adds up each induction unit 301 energy that receive, then calculate again the difference of each induction unit 301 and mean value, to obtain the capacity volume variance (spatial interference difference) of the space interference formed by plane reflection, controller 36 is judged moving direction according to the capacity volume variance that before and after each time interval (time slot), accumulation is calculated.

In the light tracing device that above-described embodiment discloses, disturb in so-called space, when light (particularly same light modulation, but utility model is not limited to same light modulation) directive has behind the surface of irregular surface structure reflection again produce the reflected light of different directions and the light that produces disturbs (interference), this light produces constructive or destructive interference pattern after reflection, afterwards, by sensor array, obtained because, after the spatial information of relative motion (relative motion on device and plane) plane reflection, be based upon the mobile data on X-Y plane.

As shown in Figure 3, especially in an embodiment, the light tracing device that the utility model discloses can be one and take the optical indicating device that laser light is light source, as optical mouse, wherein the main circuit element comprises the light supply apparatus 34 of being located on a circuit board 30, light for generation of an incidence surface, include sensor array 32, a plurality of inductions first 301 with array format are wherein arranged, and include aforesaid controller 36, controller 36 couples light supply apparatus 34 and sensor array 32, the light signal received for obtaining the first 301 interior a plurality of inducing pixels of a plurality of inductions, and calculating energy state, and computing time interval energy state with respect to the variation of assembly average before and after acquisition time.

The embodiment step that flow process shown in Fig. 4 is the utility model light autonomous tracing in intelligent vehicle.

In this embodiment flow process, step starts as S401, and by the light supply apparatus emission of light of being located in the light tracing device, surface of directive, afterwards as step S403, receive reflected light by the sensor in device.

According to embodiment, light source is better for light modulation, and fundamental purpose is to utilize with the characteristic of the less phase delay of light modulation to improve the sensitivity that utilizes reflected light to disturb detecting moving direction by using.Wherein light supply apparatus can be the laser light device of being located in the light indicating device, the sensor sensor array that better employing shows as Fig. 3.

Afterwards, the light autonomous tracing in intelligent vehicle that the utility model discloses is mainly responded to first energy state by all or part before and after calculating the aforementioned time interval, judge a mobile vector according to induction unit's energy state before and after the time interval with respect to the variation of assembly average before and after acquisition time again, the details of one of them embodiment is as follows.

After sensor receives reflected light, as step S405, the device inner control circuit calculates the energy that each induction unit before and after the time interval (time slot) receives, and as step S407, calculate again all or part (the non-all induction unit/inducing pixels of possibility (sensor pixel) all receive the light that is enough to calculating energy, example as contained as Fig. 6) induction unit at this obtained average energy (the same time is at least processed two values) in time interval front and back.After the front and back different time calculates the average energy respectively respond to first energy and all or part (such as take, going mean value, column average value, peripheral mean value, central flat average as with reference to mean value), can calculate respectively respond to first received energy and mean value difference (in one embodiment, difference herein can mean respectively to respond to first energy state), wherein process respectively at least two differences of these time interval front and back, as step S409.Can there is a difference between two groups of numerical value before and after the time interval, the energy variation of surrounding time namely, the energy variation that can calculate according to a plurality of (at least two) in induction chip induction unit is afterwards judged the whole mobile vector that adopts the device of this technology that tracks, as step S411.

Can calculate the mobile vector in a plurality of time intervals through the step of above-mentioned light autonomous tracing in intelligent vehicle repeatedly, judge accordingly motion track within a certain period of time.Wherein according to the energy variation judgment means sensed in each induction unit and the mode relatively moved on surface, the example that can put down in writing with reference to figure 6, Fig. 7.

Fig. 5 shows the embodiment schematic diagram of the sensor array running calculating energy distribution that the light tracing device adopts, and according to utility model embodiment, the calculation mode tracked that wherein proposed is by circuit structure and the sensor array shown in this Fig. 5.

Fig. 5 has shown the layout of sensor array, and a plurality of induction unit is distributed on X-Y plane, forms the sensor array of NxM, comprises a plurality of inductions first 501 of array format, 502,503,504,505, respectively along X, the Y-direction setting, actual quantity is not limited to this schematic diagram.Lay these induction units 501,502,503,504, on 505 circuit board, main element also has a plurality of comparers 521,522,523,524,525, each comparer connects respectively two corresponding induction units, and input value is the average voltage signal Vavg of the first energy produced of each induction, sense resulting voltage signal after light for relatively responding to unit, can relatively obtain the signal value of high low-voltage.Finally, autonomous tracing in intelligent vehicle obtains adjacent two sensor values comparison results, makes the judgement of moving direction.

Such as comparer in Fig. 5 521 is coupled to induction unit 501, one of them input signal responds to the energy signal that 501 sensings of unit produce, can use the voltage signal indication, another input end is average voltage signal Vavg, therefore comparer 521 is compared these two input signals, can export a comparative result, the high low voltage signal meaned respectively such as H shown in Fig. 6 or L.

In the light autonomous tracing in intelligent vehicle of putting down in writing according to the utility model, the mode tracked is characterised in that the energy distribution (energy pattern) shown in the constructive and destructive interference pattern that utilizes light (being preferably same light modulation) to form after plane reflection, by the energy distribution variation judgement mobile vector of different time.Wherein embodiment is such as adopting irrelevant viewpoint to be moved the mode of judgement (non-relative view points to do movement judgment), respond to first energy information around namely introducing, with the average inductive energy judgement moving direction of comparing.It is worth mentioning that, this is different from the mode of general using image pixel (pixel) information judgement mobile vector, the utility model is to change (value of reading of two bits, and assembly average result relatively, H and L) and judge motion track by employing time and calculating energy.

In the described mode by front and back energy variation judgement mobile vector of Fig. 4, the energy state that induction unit can a kind ofly mean with voltage form at the energy of surrounding time, can obtain the energy state that a H as shown in Figure 6 or L mean after relatively such as the average energy with the same time of integral body.Therefore, each induction unit of first judgement is respectively at the energy state of the very first time (t0) with the second time (t1), obtain afterwards the variation of the first energy state in the time very first time to the second of induction with respect to assembly average before and after acquisition time, can judge mobile vector.

The judgement of mobile vector can disclose the first schematic diagram of carrying out the light autonomous tracing in intelligent vehicle of a plurality of inductions in device with reference to the utility model shown in figure 6.

This example shows the induction unit combination 601,602,603 of a plurality of arrayed, 604,605,606, this example only illustrates to enumerate the example of identification mobile vector by the first energy variation sensed at different time (as very first time t0, the second time t1) of adjacent induction.

Wherein t0 and t1 are former and later two sampling times, H and L mean respectively the high low voltage signal of being exported by aforementioned comparer, namely can be considered energy state (being an energy state compared to average energy), is mainly to judge the mobile vector of an integral body by the voltage signal transformation of surrounding time.Fig. 6 is shown as in indivedual induction unit the energy variation at former and later two different times.

Such as signal in the combination 601 of induction unit shows several (at least two) induction unit, when wherein left is presented at very first time t0, two induction units sense respectively L and two energy state of H; When entering the second time t1, two first energy variation of induction change H and H into.As L, H(t0) change H, H(t1 into) time, wherein have a first energy state of induction to change H into by L, mean the substitute position of left by right-hand H, therefore can tentatively judge at this moment between in interval the moving direction of actual induction for left.

And another group of this induction unit combination 601 is responded to unit when very first time t0, energy state is H and L; To the second time t1, energy state is L and L, and what the first energy state of induction was wherein arranged changes L into by H, namely means the substitute position of left of right-hand L, therefore can judge the moving direction had left.

Two of induction unit combination 602 interior lefts induction units are L and H at the energy state of very first time t0 for another example, to the second time t1 change into L and L, can find out that H wherein substitutes and becomes L through the L of left to the right, therefore preliminary judgement has a mobile vector to the right.

In like manner, it is H and L at the energy state of very first time t0 that there are two induction units on right-hand in induction unit combination 602, to changing and become H and H during the second time t1, wherein right-hand L changes H into through the H of left substitute afterwards, therefore can judge a mobile vector to the right.

In figure,

induction unit combination

605 and 606 does not have arrow sign direction, in judging for this reason example, a plurality of inductions unit does not have energy variation in the time interval of very first time t0 and the second time t1, perhaps can't judge moving direction by energy variation wherein, such as induction unit combination 606 is L and H at very first time t0 energy state, to the second time t1, energy state changes H and L into, and this can't change to judge moving direction by energy state.Therefore, these two kinds of aspects do not have effective output signal.

When the whole induction units of former and later two times has all judged separately the direction of energy variation, can whole judge an overall mobile vector.

The mode of another moving direction judgement be illustrated in figure 7 the utility model disclose induction chip execution light autonomous tracing in intelligent vehicle in device schematic diagram two.The conversion direction of the first energy state of this routine induction by different time is with the method schematic diagram of identification mobile vector, and wherein X is negligent value, and@is comparing of t0 and t1 institute induced signal, judges by this mobile vector.

When induction chip receives reflected light, a plurality of induction unit in induction chip, produces the height varying voltage signal is arranged relatively the time with average energy according to the signal energy received at different time, and being illustrated in figure 7 generation has induced signal " "; In some cases, still likely the induction of part unit does not have energy variation, or the height of independent voltage signal, now as Fig. 7, is shown as negligent value " X ".

According to the embodiment shown in Fig. 7, in induction unit combination 701, through aforementioned comparer, in very first time t0, obtain the first energy variation of adjacent induction, be expressed as state " X ", wherein " X " is the value of paying no attention to, " " means to have the height change in voltage; Obtain the first energy variation of several adjacent inductions at the second time t1, be expressed as state "@@X ".The energy state first through respectively responding to of very first time t0 and the second time t1 changes, this routine show state " X@@" changes "@@X " into, can judge that " " is to left dislocation (shift), therefore can judge that this induction unit combination 701 has a variation be moved to the left, as shown by arrows in FIG..

In induction unit combination 702, wherein adjacent induction unit is expressed as state "@@X " in the energy variation of very first time t0, when the second time t1, energy state is expressed as " X@@", now as seen after the time changes (t0 is to t1), wherein state "@@" shows the trend of displacement to the right.Therefore, the autonomous tracing in intelligent vehicle that the utility model discloses utilizes the moving direction of the energy variation judgement single unit system of this front and back time.

It is worth mentioning that, when the judgement moving direction, because utility model has been taked sensor array, therefore small error can't affect the result of whole judgement.If autonomous tracing in intelligent vehicle is applied on the computer optics mouse, the travel frequency of user's operating mouse is far below wherein as the processing speed of control circuit, and some referential datas that slowly change can't affect whole judgement.

In sum, the utility model provides a kind ofly carries out according to reflection interference method and the light tracing device that light tracks, the light tracing device disclosed is integrated in the semiconductor encapsulation, can effectively constrain by this inner intrinsic noise (intrinsic noise), apply the wherein device of autonomous tracing in intelligent vehicle and adopt especially same light modulation as light source, can improve the sensitivity of the optical sensor of sensing reflected light interference with light modulation.

The above is preferred implementation of the present utility model; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also are considered as protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims

1. a light tracing device, is characterized in that, comprising:

2. light tracing device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, this light tracing device is one to take the optical indicating device that laser light is light source.