Utilize the by-product carbon dioxide to be locked into to coal the coal adding system that row fills pressure release
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of by-product carbon dioxide that utilizes coal is locked into to the coal adding system that row fills pressure release.
Background technology
In prior art, the coal lock that the coal adding system of various pressurization static bed vapourizing furnaces is all used periodical operation is off and on to coal in vapourizing furnace, coal lock needs under normal pressure and pressure, switch frequently, and coal locks that lower valve is opened frequent, step-down and the pressurising time is long, cause coal adding system long, the raising, charging continuity and the stability that have a strong impact on the vapourizing furnace load consuming time.
The current coal adding system of industrial applications, when gasifying furnace device normally moves, that usually with the cooled coal gas of vapourizing furnace downstream unit or circulation coal lock gas, as coal, locks fills the pressure release medium, also can adopt the nitrogen pressurising.Pressure release gas is retrieval system after washing, purifying, collection store or act as a fuel gas or compression, or recycle after compression.But, adopt the coal of coal gas pressurising to lock the gas complicated component, the explosive inflammable gases such as the hydrogen that contains high level, carbon monoxide, methane, the safe class of requirement is higher, contains a large amount of solid coal and dust granule in gas, and e-quipment and pipe is had to abrasiveness; Also contain close-burning tar class material in gas, easily cause the obstruction to e-quipment and pipe.Therefore cooled coal gas or circulation coal lock gas fill decompression technique and equipment work inclement condition, overhaul of the equipments is frequent, in order to improve serviceability, usually adopt the standby mode (for example the using and the reserved or a use two are standby) of gas booster compressor, but equipment sparing increase facility investment and maintenance cost, occupied ground, and can the effective gas of loss part.Also there are following defects in prior art:
Cooled coal gas fills decompression technique: because downstream cooled coal gas pressure is low than vapourizing furnace pressure, therefore the coal lock pressurising later stage needs the time longer, after pressurising, coal lock pressure, still lower than vapourizing furnace pressure, therefore still needs the equaler line of coal lock and vapourizing furnace and valve to carry out finally all pressing of coal lock and vapourizing furnace.Because all press coal gas dust content, and may collaborate by high temperature, so equaler line and valve working inclement condition, valve easily leaks, and easily causes airtight the inspection unsuccessfully of coal lock in the pressurization of coal lock and pressure leak process, causes normal running to be interrupted.Cooled coal gas after pressure release has following several approach that utilizes:
Approach one: the gas that acts as a fuel of the cooled coal gas after pressure release, need separately establish the normal pressure gas cabinet pressure release coal gas is stored; And the fuel gas gas blower need be set, the cooled coal gas gas that just can act as a fuel is used.Therefore equipment is many, and floor space is large.For example fixed bed lurgi gasifier dry ash gasification technology usually adopt cooled coal gas as coal lock fill the pressure release medium, present technique has been used nearly 30 years on certain synthetic ammonia installation at home.
Approach two: cooled coal gas enters the normal pressure gas cabinet after washing, after compressed machine compression, returns to process system.Because with coal dust and tar, easily e-quipment and pipe is caused abrasion and stops up in cooled coal gas, so the compressor operating inclement condition, how standbyly often need to open.Therefore with approach one, same floor space is large, and equipment is many, and investment is large.
Approach three: the direct torch emptying of cooled coal gas, cause the available gas loss, the waste available gas.
Circulation coal lock gas fills decompression technique, and pressure release coal gas enters the normal pressure gas cabinet after washing, and coal gas during pressurising in gas holder boosts through the compression of coal lock air compressor, and coal is locked into to capable pressurising.Because the coal lock band of gas has coal dust and tar, easily e-quipment and pipe etc. is caused abrasion and stops up, so the compressor operating inclement condition, repair rate is high, and maintenance cost is large, and gas booster compressor can adopt the how standby pattern of a use.For example BGL fixed bed slag gasification technology usually adopt circulation coal lock gas as the coal lock fill the pressure release medium, present technique has successfully been used more than 20 years abroad.
Nitrogen fills decompression technique: the nitrogen that adopts the nitrogen pipe network carries out the pressurising of coal lock, the emptying after washing of pressure release nitrogen.When coal is locked to the vapourizing furnace coal, pressurized nitrogen can enter vapourizing furnace with coal, and final nitrogen enters in raw gas.Nitrogen is the indifferent gas (except needing the occasion of nitrogen in ammonia synthesis reaction or synthetic gas) of most of building-up reactionss, therefore nitrogen is not suitable for the coal lock pressurization of most of building-up reactionss upstream gasification, for example coal preparing natural gas, coal methyl alcohol processed, the synthetic wet goods of coal system.Nitrogen fills pressure release also wastes nitrogen, easily causes the pressure surge of nitrogen pipe network during pressurising.
The utility model content
In order to solve that existing coal gas fills that the coal gas existed in the pressure release technology is inflammable and explosive, facility investment large, it is many to take up an area and the effective defect of gas product loss, continuity and the safety and stability problem of while in order to solve coal adding system, the utility model is locked into the capable decompression technique that fills to coal after the compressed machine pressurization of a kind of by-product CO 2 waste gas of utilizing follow-up workshop section to remove is provided, can realize rationally utilizing waste gas, reducing place takies and facility investment, reduce the purpose of maintenance cost, optimized whole technique.
To achieve these goals, the utility model provides a kind of by-product carbon dioxide that utilizes to be locked into to coal the coal adding system that row fills pressure release, and it comprises: coal bunker, and feed coal adds the coal lock by coal bunker; The coal lock, described coal lock is connected to the below of coal bunker; Transitional storehouse, described transitional storehouse is connected to the below of coal lock, and feed coal is locked by transitional storehouse to the vapourizing furnace coal by coal; And vapourizing furnace, described vapourizing furnace is connected to the below of transitional storehouse.Wherein, the coal lock comprises cone valve, coal lock main body, lower cone valve, the pressurising/mono-time pressure release mouth of pipe, the secondary pressure release mouth of pipe, wherein, uses the carbonic acid gas from follow-up purification section to be locked into the capable pressure release of filling to coal.
In preferred implementation of the present utility model, coal adding system has two coal bunkers and two coal locks, feed coal alternately by two coals lock by transitional storehouse to the vapourizing furnace coal, when a coal is locked in from corresponding coal bunker coal, another coal lock by transitional storehouse to the vapourizing furnace coal.
In preferred implementation of the present utility model, the top of vapourizing furnace connects " Y " type transitional storehouse, and the top of described transitional storehouse has two interfaces, and each interface respectively connects a coal lock.
In preferred implementation of the present utility model, the coal lock arranges two pressurising/mono-time pressure release mouth of pipe symmetrically, and pressurising pipeline and a blowdown line are located at respectively the top that coal is locked, and pressurising pipeline and a blowdown line are used the identical pressurising/mono-time pressure release mouth of pipe.
In preferred implementation of the present utility model, upper cone valve and the lower cone valve of coal lock are hydraulic operated valve, and described hydraulic operated valve is by two solenoid control, a control is opened, control for one and close, wherein, the switch of upper cone valve and lower cone valve is controlled by the material level of coal lock and the pressure of coal lock.
In preferred implementation of the present utility model, carbonic acid gas can be taken from follow-up purification section and remove the carbon dioxide with by-product.
In preferred implementation of the present utility model, coal lock adopts pressure higher than the vapourizing furnace pressure gas pressurized of 3bar at least, and the pressurising time is 120~150 seconds.
In preferred implementation of the present utility model, the pressure release of coal lock divides a pressure release and two stages of secondary pressure release to carry out, and a pressure release time is 180~240 seconds, on the secondary blowdown line, ejector is set, with low-pressure nitrogen, drive, the secondary pressure release time is 120~180 seconds.
In preferred implementation of the present utility model, the coal lock gas after a pressure release is collected and is stored through the purification of coal lock gas washing device, gas holder, and compressed machine compression cycle is utilized, or directly emptying after the purification of coal lock gas washing device.
In preferred implementation of the present utility model, coal adding system has a plurality of coal bunkers and a plurality of coal lock, feed coal is alternately locked by transitional storehouse to the vapourizing furnace coal by a plurality of coals, the top of vapourizing furnace connects transitional storehouse, the top of described transitional storehouse has a plurality of interfaces, each interface respectively connects a coal lock, and when corresponding coal is locked in from corresponding coal bunker coal, other coals are locked by transitional storehouse to the vapourizing furnace coal.
Adopt the technical solution of the utility model, can obtain following technique effect:
1, carbonic acid gas is rare gas element, the carbonic acid gas of rear operation by-product wherein only contains the flammable explosion hazard gasess such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane of minute quantity, carbon dioxide itself does not have flammable explosive character, can guarantee compressor assembly and coal lock security of system.
2, the carbon dioxide of follow-up workshop section by-product is quite clean,, containing impurity such as coal dust and tar, is not conducive to the work that guarantees that carbon dioxide compressor is reliable and stable.
3, carbonic acid gas is exhaust gas utilization, and the pressure release carbonic acid gas, through the emptying of coal lock gas washing, can not cause the loss of effective gas, also can not increase the discharge of carbonic acid gas.
4, the utility model adopts two coals locks, alternately by transitional storehouse to the vapourizing furnace coal.The utility model has overcome discontinuous unstable, the maintenance of the equipment of single coal lock coal defect frequently, make that coal adding system is stable, safety, control process is simple, has effectively improved the coal load of vapourizing furnace, the continuity of fill process and the stability of gasification furnace operating.
5, coal lock adopts from follow-up workshop section and removes after the CO 2 waste gas pressurization with emptying as pressurized gas, consumption when effectively having avoided using flammable explosive coal gas or nitrogen and having filled pressure release, take full advantage of the inertia carbon dioxide of technique emptying, reduced facility investment, maintenance cost and reduced floor space, saved resource, optimized full factory technique, made rabbler's process system more safe and reliable.
6, the same mouth of pipe is used in pressurising and a pressure release, reduce the equipment opening, strengthened the equipment strength and stability, the setting of the secondary pressure release mouth of pipe has effectively solved depended on pressure and has extracted the problem that the residue coal is locked the gas difficulty out, has promoted security and the operational stability of vapourizing furnace rabbler process system.
7, each coal lock arranges two and fills the pressure release mouth of pipe, greatly reduced and filled the pressure release time, pressurising and a pressure release time are all shorter, continuity and the transience of vapourizing furnace rabbler process system have been guaranteed, be conducive to improve the vapourizing furnace load, also improved safe reliability and the stability of gasifier operation.
8, secondary pressure release utilization low-pressure nitrogen is seldom done driving, extract remaining coal lock gas out, make the coal lock pressure decreased to approaching normal pressure, solved the problem of other pressure relief system length consuming time, valve opening difficulty, whole rabbler's process system can be carried out fast and effectively.
Provided description is provided and will be more obviously seen the more suitable application area of the utility model.Should be appreciated that the description of this part and specific examples, only for explanation, do not limit scope of the present utility model.
The accompanying drawing explanation
By reference to the accompanying drawings, by preferred embodiment provided herein, can understand better the utility model.Accompanying drawing provided herein is for illustration purpose, and can not limit scope of the present utility model, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of coal lock of the present utility model and coal adding system.
Fig. 2 is another schematic diagram of coal lock of the present utility model and coal adding system.
In institute's drawings attached, identical Reference numeral is used for meaning identical parts.
Embodiment
Now with reference to accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present utility model is more fully described.Following description is only exemplary in essence, does not limit the utility model and application thereof or use.
With reference to Fig. 1, show preferred implementation of the present utility model.Comprise coal bunker 1, coal lock 2, transitional storehouse 3 and vapourizing furnace 4 according to the slag gasification furnace rabbler process system that utilizes the by-product CO 2 waste gas to be filled pressure release of the present utility model.Coal lock 2 comprises cone valve 5, coal lock main body 10 and lower cone valve 6, the pressurising/mono-time pressure release mouth of pipe 7, the secondary pressure release mouth of pipe 8.Wherein pressurising/mono-time pressure release the mouth of pipe 7 refers to the mouth of pipe 7 not only for pressurising but also for a pressure release.
In preferred implementation of the present utility model, coal adding system is provided with two coal bunkers 1 and two coal locks 2, and coal alternately passes through transitional storehouse 3 to vapourizing furnace 4 coals by two coal locks 2.As shown in Figure 1, vapourizing furnace 4 tops connect " Y " type transitional storehouse 3, and transitional storehouse 3 tops have two interfaces, and each interface respectively connects a coal lock 2.Upper cone valve 5 and the lower cone valve 6 of coal lock 2 are hydraulic operated valve, and each hydraulic operated valve is by two solenoid control, and a control is opened, and control for one and close.The pressure that the switch of upper cone valve 5 and lower cone valve 6 is locked 2 material levels and coal lock 2 by coal is controlled.A coal lock 2 is in coal bunker 1 coal, and another coal lock 2 passes through transitional storehouse 3 to vapourizing furnace 4 coals, thereby guarantees the charging of vapourizing furnace 4 continous-stables.
When coal operates, the upper cone valve 5 of coal lock 2 is opened, and lower cone valve 6 cuts out; Feed coal adds coal lock 2 by coal bunker 1, add coal after upper cone valve 5 close; After the pressure that the carbonic acid gas that coal lock 2 is come by follow-up purification section is forced into vapourizing furnace 4 through carbon dioxide compressor 13, lower cone valve 6 is opened, and feed coal enters into vapourizing furnace 4 by transitional storehouse 3.In the coal lock, coal all enters vapourizing furnace 4, and after coal finishes, the lower cone valve 6 of coal lock 2 cuts out, and through top, a pressure release mouth of pipe 7 carries out a pressure release to coal lock 2, then through the secondary pressure release mouth of pipe (volleying mouth) 8 secondary pressure releases.Coal is locked 2 pressure releases to upper cone valve 5 after normal pressure and is opened, and from coal bunker 1 to coal, lock 2 coal again, then go up cone valve 5 and close, and coal lock 2 pressurizes, and starts a new circulation.
Preferably, utilize the by-product CO 2 waste gas, after 13 pressurizations of compressed machine, coal is locked to 2 pressurisings, carbonic acid gas can be taken from follow-up purification section and remove the carbon dioxide with by-product.
Preferably, each coal lock 2 arranges two turnover mouths of pipe 7 symmetrically, and pressurising pipeline and a blowdown line are locked 2 tops at coal, use the same mouth of pipe 7.
Preferably, coal lock 2 adopts pressure higher than the vapourizing furnace pressure gas pressurized of 3bar at least, and the pressurising time is 120~150 seconds.
Preferably, the pressure release of coal lock 2 divides a pressure release and two stages of secondary pressure release to carry out, and a pressure release time is 180~240 seconds.
Preferably, ejector 9 is set on the secondary blowdown line, drives with low-pressure nitrogen, the secondary pressure release time is 120~180 seconds.
With reference to Fig. 2, follow-up purification section is as the decarbonizing tower of low-temperature rectisol workshop section removes with the high purity of emptying, compressed machine 13 compressions of the carbonic acid gas of impurity are pressurized to higher than vapourizing furnace pressure less, can carry out fast pressurization to coal lock 2 rapidly smoothly.
Each coal lock 2 arranges two and fills the pressure release mouth of pipe 7, to guarantee that coal lock 2 is carried out to pressurising rapidly and a pressure release.On receiving, after cone valve 5 shutdown signals, start corresponding coal is locked to 2 pressurisings, the pressurising time generally is no more than 120~150 seconds, and Plenum Process carries out interlocked control by coal lock pressure tester, and coal is locked 2 resulting pressures and is charged to and is no more than vapourizing furnace 4 pressure 50kPa.
Coal locks that gas after 2 pressurisings and coal are locked minimum gas in 2 Raw coals and the mixed gas of a small amount of gas that may seal in from vapourizing furnace 4 is called coal lock gas.The pressure release of coal lock 2 divides a pressure release and two stages of secondary pressure release to carry out, to reduce the pressure release time.A pressure release is still carried out via filling the pressure release mouth of pipe 7, after receiving lower cone valve 6 shutdown signals, starts corresponding coal lock 2 is carried out to a pressure release, and a pressure release time generally is no more than 180~240 seconds, and pressure release is to the 150kPa left and right.Coal after pressure release lock gas through coal lock gas washing device 11 purify, gas holder 12 collects and stores, compressed machine 13 compression cycle utilizations, or after coal lock gas washing device 11 purifies direct emptying (see figure 2).
The secondary pressure release is driven by low-pressure nitrogen, utilizes ejector 9 to extract residue coal lock gas out through the mouth of pipe 8, so that the Pressure Drop of coal lock 2 is to approaching normal pressure.The control secondary pressure release time is no more than 120~180 seconds, make like this that whole to fill the pressure release time as far as possible short, reduce the coal timed interval of slag gasification furnace 4, be conducive to improve the load of vapourizing furnace 4, and guarantee to guarantee continuously feeding and the stable performance of vapourizing furnace 4 by the coal adding system continuous and steady operation.
As seen from Figure 2, compressed machine 13 pressurizations of the carbonic acid gas come from purification section enter coal lock 10 by filling the pressure release mouth of pipe 7, lock 10 pressurisings for coal supply, during a pressure release, from filling the pressure release mouth of pipe 7 after blowdown line enters coal lock gas washing device 11, can directly by valve, control emptying.
Carbonic acid gas can be from the downstream purification section decarbonizing tower of low-temperature rectisol workshop section for example, the waste gas carbon dioxide purity of its emptying is high, impurity is few, carbonic acid gas also can be come by elsewhere, as long as it meets the requirement that purity is high, impurity is few, and the coal lock is filled to pressure release gets final product without impact.
The typical by-product CO 2 waste gas component of purification section battery limit (BL), downstream is composed as follows: (V%, normal pressure)
CO
2 ≥98.8%
CO ≤0.01%
H
2 ≤0.03%
CH
4 ≤0.4%
Without solid particulate and can coagulate tar class impurity.
Wherein the composition of flammable explosive component is outside the combustion explosion limit range, thus the utility model to adopt the by-product CO 2 waste gas be safe as working medium in essence.
The downstream purification section can adopt for example pressure swing adsorption or wet purification method low-temperature rectisol technology for example of dry cleaning method.Raw gas becomes synthetic gas (main component is hydrogen and carbon monoxide) after purifying, and the carbonic acid gas be removed is waste gas, in the utility model, utilizes the carbonic acid gas be removed to fill the medium of pressure release as the coal lock.Compressed machine 13 compressions of the carbon dioxide come from the downstream purification section are boosted, and meet the pressurising condition to coal lock 2.System and equipment configuration are simple and reliable.
The above describes the utility model in detail with reference to specific embodiment, obviously, in the situation that do not break away from the utility model scope defined in claims, can be changed and change.More specifically, preferred or favourable although aspects more of the present utility model are confirmed as in this article, the utility model needn't be limited to these preferred embodiments of the present utility model.