CN203335685U - Yawing brake of wind power generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a yawing brake of a wind power generation device and a control method of the yawing brake. The brake comprises two braking calipers which are identical in structure. The two braking calipers are connected through eight high-strength bolts and symmetrically installed on the upper side and the lower side of a braking disc. The braking calipers are of a bilateral symmetry structure and comprise braking supports, disk spring sets, guide blocks, adjusting bolts, locknuts, pistons, wear indicators, dustproof rings A, high-pressure sealing rings A, guide bands A, guide bands B, high-pressure sealing rings B, guide bands C and dustproof rings B. By the adoption of the mode of disk spring hydraulic combined loading, in the yawing process of a fan, pressure does not need to be supplied by a hydraulic system, yawing braking force is generated only by loading disk spring force, and the phenomenon that the sealing rings are damaged because the sealing rings bear hydraulic pressure and tangential force at the same time in the yawing process is avoided; the multiple sets of guide bands are adopted, the oil leakage problem is solved, working pressure of a hydraulic control system is reduced, and the service life of the sealing rings can be effectively prolonged.

Description

A yaw brake for wind power generation equipment

technical field

The utility model relates to a yaw brake system related to wind power generating equipment, in particular to a yaw brake of wind power generating equipment.

Background technique

The yaw system is one of the essential components of the horizontal axis wind turbine. It has two main functions: one is to make the wind turbine always be in the windward state with the change of the wind direction, make full use of wind energy and improve the power generation efficiency; The second is to provide the necessary braking torque to ensure the safe operation of the wind turbine.

The yaw brake is the main component in the yaw braking system. When the wind turbine is running normally, the yaw brake provides sufficient braking force to hold the nacelle in a specific position; when it needs to yaw, the yaw brake provides a small braking force so that the nacelle can smoothly rotate around the vertical axis turn.

Existing yaw brakes of wind turbines use hydraulically loaded normally open brakes. During the yaw process of wind turbines, a lower pressure is generated through the overflow valve in the hydraulic system to provide braking force. The result of this is Yes, the brake piston is subjected to hydraulic pressure and tangential force while being sealed, which is prone to oil leakage, and the overflow of the overflow valve for a long time may easily cause the system to heat up; in addition, when the power grid is disconnected or the hydraulic system fails , the brake cannot provide damping, and the wind turbine is out of control at this time, which often leads to danger.

The closest prior art with the utility model is as follows:

1. "A Wind Turbine Pin Hole Plug-in Yaw Brake Device" (Patent No.: 200610012287.5) provides a plug-in yaw brake device that uses mechanical limit to realize the braking function. This pin hole The plug-in yaw brake device needs to process multiple tapered pin holes on the brake disc, the processing technology is complicated, and the tapered pins are easy to cause mechanical damage to the surface near the tapered hole of the brake disc during long-term operation.

2. "Adjustable Wind Turbine Yaw Brake" (Patent No.: 200810203274.5), using symmetrically arranged adjustable brake calipers to realize the yaw brake function of the wind turbine, due to structural limitations, the space size of the yaw brake is too large to be able to Widely used in existing wind turbines.

3. "Wind Turbine Yaw Brake Device" (Patent No.: 200920028638.0) adopts the most commonly used traditional pure hydraulic loading type at present. The sealing ring is easy to be damaged during long-term work, and the hydraulic system failure or power failure of the power grid Yaw damping cannot be provided under this condition, which may easily cause the wind turbine to run out of control and cause danger.

4. "Yaw Brake" (Patent No.: 200920224175.5), adopts hydraulic loading type, and adds a guide belt to the oil cylinder to prolong the service life of the sealing ring. The disadvantage is that the brake cannot continue to provide power when the hydraulic system fails or the power grid fails. Damping can easily cause the fan to run out of control and cause danger.

5. "A wind turbine yaw braking system" (patent number: 201020205838.1), which improves the problem that the existing equipment cannot provide damping in the case of power failure, and adopts n normally open hydraulically loaded yaw The disadvantage of the combination of navigation brakes and m normally closed spring-loaded yaw brakes is that the two types of yaw brakes need to be controlled separately, the number of brakes is large, the assembly difficulty is increased, and the installation interface of the main engine needs to be modified.

6. Each brake caliper of "Yaw Brake" (Patent No.: 201020580057.0) is equipped with 3 oil cylinders, two of which are hydraulically loaded, and the other is spring-loaded. The two types work alternately or simultaneously to achieve yaw with different needs The disadvantage of braking is that the spring loading capacity is limited, and the area of the friction plate is small, which cannot meet the demand for large yaw braking torque.

7. "Yaw Brakes for Wind Turbine Generators" (Patent No.: 201220056396.8) has made certain improvements to the traditional hydraulically loaded yaw brakes, mainly by adding a brake pad return spring, but for this type of yaw brakes often The oil leakage problem that is easy to occur, and the problem of not being able to brake in an emergency have not been improved.

8. "Wind Turbine Yaw Brake" (patent number: 201220215704.7), in order to solve the problem that traditional yaw brakes cannot provide damping in emergency situations, the three oil cylinders of the brake caliper are divided into two types, two oil cylinders Hydraulic loading is still used, and the other cylinder is spring-loaded. The two are used separately or in combination. The disadvantage is that because there is only one spring-loaded cylinder, the torque provided is limited and cannot meet the demand for large yaw braking torque. In addition, the design Improvements to the oil leakage problem of the hydraulic loading cylinder are not mentioned.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the utility model shall design a yaw brake that can not only overcome the oil leakage problem of the existing yaw brake, but also ensure that the power grid is disconnected or the hydraulic system fails, and it can still provide reliable braking. Braking force, the yaw brake of the wind power generation equipment that enables the safe operation of the wind turbine.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a yaw brake for wind power generation equipment, including two brake calipers with identical structures, and the two brake calipers are symmetrically installed on the system through eight high-strength bolts. The upper and lower sides of the moving disc; the brake caliper is a left-right symmetrical structure, including a brake bracket, a disc spring group, a guide block, an adjusting bolt, a lock nut, a piston, a wear indicator, a dust-proof ring A, a high-pressure seal Ring A, guide belt A, guide belt B, high-pressure sealing ring B, guide belt C and dust-proof ring B, two oil cylinders are processed on the brake bracket, a piston is installed in the oil cylinder, and a mounting disc is opened on the piston The counterbore of the spring group, the disc spring group is compressed and installed in the counterbore of the piston through the guide block, and the adjusting bolt and lock nut are installed on the brake bracket; there is a through hole on the central axis of the brake bracket, and the friction plate wear indicator It is installed in the threaded hole on the back of the friction plate through the through hole; the lower part of the rectangular groove of the brake bracket used to install the friction plate is processed with an oil cylinder, and a sealing groove is opened on the side wall of the oil cylinder, and the dustproof ring A, high pressure sealing ring A, Guide belt A and dust-proof ring B, there is a sealing groove on the outer cylindrical surface of the piston, and guide belt B, high-pressure sealing ring B and guide belt C are respectively installed;

The top of the friction plate wear indicator is marked with a scale, which is used to observe the wear condition of the friction plate. After the friction plate is worn, the wear indicator will move to the direction of the brake disc with the friction plate, and the wear of the friction plate will affect the disc spring. The positive pressure provided by the group, when the friction plate is worn to the specified thickness, loosen the lock nut, tighten the adjusting bolt to compensate, and then use the lock nut to lock; when the friction plate wears to the limit, the friction plate needs to be replaced Disc, completely loosen the lock nut and adjusting bolt, so that the pressure of the disc spring group is completely released, and take out the friction disc for replacement.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. The utility model is an improvement to the hydraulic yaw brake and control method of the existing wind power generating set. The hydraulic yaw brake of the existing wind turbine adopts a normally open type, and relies on hydraulic pressure to complete the yaw process and braking of the wind turbine. During the yaw process, the seal of the brake piston is subjected to hydraulic pressure and friction from the friction plate. Oil leakage is likely to occur due to the action of axial force; and when the power grid is disconnected or the hydraulic system fails, the brake cannot provide damping. At this time, the wind turbine is out of control, which often leads to danger. However, the utility model adopts the disc spring hydraulic joint loading method. During the yaw process of the fan, the hydraulic system does not need to provide pressure, and only the disc spring force is used to generate the yaw braking force, which avoids the simultaneous bearing of the seal during the yaw process. The hydraulic pressure and tangential force are damaged, and multiple sets of guide belts are used to solve the problem of oil leakage due to seal damage; due to the use of disc spring brakes, even when the power grid is disconnected or the hydraulic system fails The damping can be maintained normally; the working pressure of the hydraulic control system is reduced, which can effectively prolong the service life of the seal.

2. Compared with "A Wind Power Generator Pin Hole Plug-in Yaw Braking Device" (Patent No.: 200610012287.5), this utility model uses the frictional damping generated by hydraulic pressure and disc spring force to realize the braking function. Make any modifications to your brake discs without damaging them. This technology is different from the structure and principle of the yaw brake with disc spring hydraulic joint loading designed by us.

3. Compared with "Adjustable Yaw Brake for Wind Turbine" (Patent No.: 200810203274.5), this utility model fully considers the interface size and installation space of the current wind turbine generator set, and can realize Optimum braking effect.

4. Compared with "Wind Turbine Yaw Brake Device" (Patent No.: 200920028638.0), "Yaw Brake" (Patent No.: 200920224175.5), "Yaw Brake for Wind Turbine Generators" (Patent No.: 201220056396.8) , the utility model adopts disc spring hydraulic joint loading, and multiple sets of guide belts are designed on the oil cylinder and piston to ensure that the sealing ring is not damaged, and because the disc spring does not need any external power source for braking, even if the hydraulic system fails or It can still provide effective yaw damping in the case of power failure of the grid to ensure the normal and safe operation of the wind turbine.

5. Compared with "A Wind Turbine Generator Yaw Braking System" (Patent No.: 201020205838.1), the disc spring loading and hydraulic loading of the utility model can be realized simultaneously by only one yaw brake, and the hydraulic system is conveniently controlled , without having to modify the host structure.

6. Compared with "Yaw Brake" (Patent No.: 201020580057.0), the disc spring of this utility model is installed inside the piston, and each piston can participate in disc spring and hydraulic braking, and uses integral friction The friction plate and the brake disc have a large bonding area, which can meet the braking requirements of the fan.

7. Compared with "Yaw Brake for Wind Turbine Generator Set" (Patent No.: 201220215704.7), this utility model fully considers the frequently occurring conditions of current equipment, solves the problem of oil leakage, and can still provide sufficient damping in emergency situations. Ensure the safe and normal operation of wind turbines.

8. The utility model adopts disc spring and hydraulic combined braking. When the unit is yawing, only the disc spring group is required to brake, which avoids the piston seal being damaged by the hydraulic pressure and tangential force during the movement of the brake disc. And the use of multiple sets of guide belts solves the problem of oil leakage due to seal damage.

9. The positive pressure provided by the disc spring group of the utility model does not require external power support, so once the hydraulic system fails or the power grid suddenly loses power, it can still provide certain damping.

10. Since the utility model adopts disc spring and hydraulic combined braking, the hydraulic pressure and the pressure of the disc spring group brake at the same time when the unit is in normal operation, which reduces the pressure of the hydraulic control system, prolongs the service life of the seal, and saves energy at the same time ;

11. The hydraulic control system of the utility model has simple structure and high reliability. It is equipped with a manual emergency device and an energy storage device to ensure the safety of the unit in an emergency state when the system is powered off or fails.

12. The yaw brake of the utility model is simple in structure, economical and practical, reliable in operation and easy to maintain. It is equipped with a friction plate wear indicator, which can visually observe the wear condition of the friction plate.

Description of drawings

The utility model has 3 accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is an outline drawing of a yaw brake with disc spring hydraulic joint loading.

Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the structure of the yaw brake with disc spring hydraulic joint loading.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the yaw brake hydraulic control system with disc spring hydraulic joint loading.

In the figure: 1. Brake bracket, 2. Disc spring group, 3. Guide block, 4. Adjusting bolt, 5. Lock nut, 6. Piston, 7. Friction plate wear indicator, 8. Dustproof ring A, 9 .High pressure seal ring A, 10. Guide belt A, 11. Guide belt B, 12. High pressure seal ring B, 13. Guide belt C, 14. Dustproof ring B, 15. Friction plate, 16. Brake disc, 17 .Oil drain, 18. Oil tank, 19. Liquid level gauge, 20. Cover plate, 21. Hydraulic pump, 22. Coupling, 23. Electric motor, 24. Air filter, 25. Liquid level and temperature relay, 26. Manual pump, 27. Pressure measuring point A, 28. Accumulator, 29. Pressure sensor, 30. Check valve, 31. Filter A, 32. Relief valve, 33. Throttle valve, 34. Two One-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve A, 35. Two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve B, 36. Filter B, 37. Pressure measuring point B, 38. Yaw brake.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described. As shown in Figure 1-3, a yaw brake for wind power generation equipment includes two brake calipers with the same structure, and the two brake calipers are symmetrically installed on the upper and lower sides of the brake disc 16 through eight high-strength bolts. Both sides; the brake caliper has a left-right symmetrical structure, including a brake bracket 1, a disc spring group 2, a guide block 3, an adjusting bolt 4, a lock nut 5, a piston 6, a wear indicator 7, and a dust-proof ring A8 , high-pressure seal ring A9, guide belt A10, guide belt B11, high-pressure seal ring B12, guide belt C13 and dust-proof ring B14, two oil cylinders are processed on the brake bracket 1, and piston 6 is installed in the oil cylinder. 6 has a counterbore for installing the disc spring group 2, the disc spring group 2 is compressed and installed in the piston counterbore through the guide block 3, the adjusting bolt 4 and the lock nut 5 are installed on the brake bracket 1; the brake bracket 1 There is a through hole on the central axis, and the wear indicator 7 of the friction plate is installed in the threaded hole on the back of the friction plate 15 through the through hole; the lower part of the rectangular groove for installing the friction plate 15 of the brake bracket 1 is processed with an oil cylinder, and the side wall of the oil cylinder There is a sealing groove, and the dust-proof ring A8, the high-pressure sealing ring A9, the guide belt A10 and the dust-proof ring B14 are respectively installed, and the outer cylindrical surface of the piston 6 has a sealing groove, and the guide belt B11, the high-pressure sealing ring B12 and the guide with C13;

The top of the friction plate wear indicator 7 is marked with a scale, which is used to observe the wear condition of the friction plate 15. After the friction plate 15 is worn, the wear indicator 7 moves to the direction of the brake disc 16 along with the friction plate 15, and the friction plate 15 The wear will affect the positive pressure provided by the disc spring group 2. When it is observed that the friction plate 15 is worn to the specified thickness, loosen the lock nut 5, tighten the adjustment bolt 4 to compensate, and then use the lock nut 5 to lock ; When the friction plate 15 wears to the limit, it is necessary to replace the friction plate 15, fully loosen the lock nut 5 and the adjusting bolt 4, so that the pressure of the disc spring group 2 is completely released, and take out the friction plate 15 for replacement.

The control method of the utility model is realized through the hydraulic control system of the yaw brake, and the hydraulic control system of the yaw brake includes a fuel tank device, an electric power source, a manual emergency device, a main oil circuit, a brake oil circuit and an oil return circuit The fuel tank device includes an oil drain 17, a fuel tank 18, a liquid level gauge 19, a cover plate 20, an air filter 24 and a liquid level liquid temperature relay 25, and the described electric power source includes a hydraulic pump 21, a shaft coupling 22 and motor 23, the manual emergency device includes a manual pump 26; the main oil route accumulator 28, pressure sensor 29, check valve 30, filter A31, overflow valve 32 and throttle valve 33 , the electromagnetic reversing valve A34 is installed on the brake oil circuit, and the oil return circuit includes an electromagnetic reversing valve B35 and a filter B36; the oil tank 18 provides a hydraulic oil source, and a cover is installed on the oil tank 18 The plate 20 and the cover plate 20 are equipped with a liquid level liquid temperature relay 25 and an air filter 24; the hydraulic pump 21 is connected with the motor 23 through a coupling 22 to provide power for the hydraulic system of the yaw brake; the manual pump is used for It is used in an emergency when the hydraulic control system of the yaw brake is powered off or fails; a pressure measuring point A27 is set on the main oil circuit for monitoring the pressure of the main oil circuit, so as to maintain and find problems; the accumulator 28 is used to make the yaw brake 38 flexible braking, and reduce the number of starts of the motor 23, and maintain the yaw brake 38 in the braking state when the grid is powered off; the pressure sensor 29 is used to monitor the pressure of the main oil circuit. When the pressure of the main oil circuit is insufficient, the pressure sensor 29 transmits the signal to the host control system, thereby controlling the start of the motor 23 and the hydraulic pump 21 to supplement the pressure for the hydraulic control system of the yaw brake; the check valve 30 prevents hydraulic oil from flowing back to the oil tank 18; the filter A31 Used to filter hydraulic oil; the overflow valve 32 provides overpressure protection for the hydraulic control system of the yaw brake; the throttle valve 33 is used to relieve pressure during maintenance of the hydraulic control system of the yaw brake; the yaw brake The action of the navigation brake 38 is controlled by the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve A34 and the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve B35 with manual adjustment function; the filter B36 is used to filter impurities in the hydraulic oil; the yaw The brake 38 is installed at the outlet of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 34, multiple yaw brakes 38 are connected in series through hydraulic hoses or hard pipes, and the pressure measurement point B37 is set at the outlet of the oil return circuit of the yaw brake 38 , used to monitor the oil return circuit pressure of the yaw brake 38, so as to maintain and find problems;

Described control method comprises the following steps:

A. When the wind turbine is in normal operation to generate electricity, the yaw brake is required for safe braking. At this time, the motor 23 is started to drive the hydraulic pump 21 to rotate to provide pressure for the hydraulic control system of the yaw brake. The hydraulic oil passes through the filter 31, The one-way valve 30 and the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve A34 enter the oil inlet of the yaw brake, the pressure oil pushes the piston 6 to move, and the piston 6 pushes the friction plate 15 to brake under the joint action of the hydraulic oil and the disc spring group 2. The moving disc 16 moves in the direction and generates a positive pressure after touching the brake disc 16 to realize the braking of the brake disc 16; when the pressure of the yaw brake hydraulic control system reaches the pressure set by the pressure sensor 29, the motor 23 stops rotating, The yaw brake 38 relies on hydraulic pressure stored in the accumulator 28 to maintain braking. When the pressure of the yaw brake hydraulic control system is lower than the pressure set by the pressure sensor 29, the host control system controls the motor 23 and the hydraulic pump 21 to start to supplement the pressure for the yaw brake hydraulic control system;

B. When the wind turbine needs to yaw, the yaw brake 38 needs to provide a small braking force; at this time, the motor 23 stops, the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve A34 and the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve B35 At the same time, when power is turned on, the hydraulic oil cannot enter the yaw brake 38 through the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve A34, and the remaining hydraulic oil in the yaw brake 38 returns to the oil tank 18 through the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve B35. When the piston 6 of the yaw brake 38 is only subjected to the positive pressure of the disc spring set 2, a frictional moment is generated on the brake disc 16 to realize the smooth yaw of the wind turbine.

The yaw brake with disc spring hydraulic combined loading of the utility model ensures the reliability of the system and can effectively reduce the maintenance and replacement costs caused by the oil leakage of the sealing ring, including labor costs, hoisting costs, spare parts procurement costs, etc.; at the same time Due to the reduction in the failure rate of this type of product, it can improve the company's popularity in the field of wind power core component supply and enhance the company's core competitiveness.

Claims (1)

1. A yaw brake for wind power generation equipment, characterized in that it includes two brake calipers with identical structures, and the two brake calipers are symmetrically installed on the upper and lower sides of the brake disc (16) through eight high-strength bolts Both sides; the brake caliper has a left-right symmetrical structure, including a brake bracket (1), a disc spring set (2), a guide block (3), an adjusting bolt (4), a lock nut (5), a piston ( 6), wear indicator (7), dust-proof ring A (8), high-pressure seal ring A (9), guide belt A (10), guide belt B (11), high-pressure seal ring B (12), guide belt C (13) and dust-proof ring B (14), two oil cylinders are processed on the brake bracket (1), a piston (6) is installed in the oil cylinder, and a disc spring group ( 2), the disc spring group (2) is compressed and installed in the piston counterbore through the guide block (3), and the adjusting bolt (4) and lock nut (5) are installed on the brake bracket (1); There is a through hole on the central axis of the bracket (1), through which the friction plate wear indicator (7) is installed in the threaded hole on the back of the friction plate (15); the brake bracket (1) is used to install the friction plate (15) ) The lower part of the rectangular groove is processed with an oil cylinder, and a sealing groove is opened on the side wall of the oil cylinder, and the dust-proof ring A (8), high-pressure sealing ring A (9), guide belt A (10) and dust-proof ring B (14) are respectively installed , there is a sealing groove on the outer cylindrical surface of the piston (6), and the guide belt B (11), the high-pressure sealing ring B (12) and the guide belt C (13) are respectively installed; The top of the friction plate wear indicator (7) is marked with a scale for observing the wear condition of the friction plate (15). After the friction plate (15) is worn, the wear indicator (7) will move toward the The brake disc (16) moves in the direction, and the wear of the friction plate (15) will affect the positive pressure provided by the disc spring set (2). When it is observed that the friction plate (15) is worn to the specified thickness, loosen the lock nut (5), tighten the adjusting bolt (4) to compensate, and then use the lock nut (5) to lock; when the friction plate (15) is worn to the limit, it is necessary to replace the friction plate (15), and completely loosen the lock nut (5) and adjust the bolt (4) to completely release the pressure of the disc spring group (2), and take out the friction plate (15) for replacement.

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