Background technology
Coal bed gas belongs to the associated gas in coal production.Before coal mining, need in advance in the ground extraction coal bed gas; In coal mining, need to be in drive the extraction coal bed gas.The coal bed gas of ground extraction, its methane content is high, oxygen content is little, security is good, can direct weighting transportation or for other purposes.But be more the coal bed gas safe, extraction in the drive that carries out coal mining production for coal mining.The coal bed gas methane content that in drive, extraction obtains is low, usually between 30%~70%, contain air in this class coal bed gas, particularly methane content is less than 50% coal bed gas, air content is higher, deal with dangerous property, so way for a long time is by this low concentration coalbed methane containing oxygen burning or directly discharge, cause energy waste and pollution.
From the low concentration coalbed methane containing oxygen, reclaim methane to expansion and improve the use value of coal bed gas and the economy of coal production significant.The at present disclosed device for low concentration coalbed methane containing oxygen extraction methane has: the disclosed a kind of gas-liquid separation device for oxygenous coal bed of the Chinese patent that publication number is CN101928617; The device of the disclosed a kind of coalbed methane containing oxygen to prepare liquefied natural gas of Chinese patent that publication number is CN101929788; The devices such as the disclosed a kind of liquefying separation process containing the air coal bed gas of the Chinese patent that publication number is CN100404988 and equipment.
Although these devices all can meet the requirement of extracting methane in the low concentration coalbed methane containing oxygen to a certain extent,, all there is following problem in these devices:
(1) unstripped gas (being low concentration coal-bed gas) comes from extraction under coal mine, and the methane content fluctuation is larger, can affect unavoidably the stable operation of liquefaction process, need to be adjusted device; And in existing device, the purity of the methane extracted and yield are controlled by evaporation capacity at the bottom of tower and overhead condensation amount respectively, but for heating at the bottom of tower and being that the cooling refrigerant fluid of tower top is with one, therefore can affect overhead condensation amount (yield) when adjusting product purity, can have influence on again evaporation capacity (purity) at the bottom of tower while equally, adjusting product yield;
(2) if the cryogen working conditions of compressor is unstable, can cause heavy constituent (as iso-butane, isopentane) in a large amount of azeotropes to enter the low-temperature space (temperature is lower than-165 ℃) of liquefying plant, cause this section refrigerant temperature lower than its lower conversion temperature, make after throttling temperature raise (not freezing), also can cause solidifying when serious, the cryogen passage is stopped up;
(3), after in coal bed gas, methane is suggested, nitrogen oxygen tail gas is emptying in the lower direct re-heat of the operating pressure (0.3MPa) of rectifying column, does not fully reclaim its energy (pressure energy), wastes energy.
(4) existing device all adopts single refrigeration system to obtain cold, and does not take full advantage of the pressure that has separated the nitrogen oxygen after methane.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of device that extracts methane in the low concentration coalbed methane containing oxygen, and this device has very high heat exchange efficiency, and the working conditions change of extracting in the methane process is had to good adaptability and operability.
For achieving the above object, the utility model provides following technical scheme:
A kind of device that extracts methane in the low concentration coalbed methane containing oxygen, comprise heat-exchange system, rectifying piece-rate system, the azeotrope circulatory system and nitrogen refrigerant cycle system;
Described heat-exchange system comprises along coal bed gas and flows to the first-class heat exchanger set gradually, secondary heat exchanger, three grades of heat exchangers and level Four heat exchanger;
Described rectifying piece-rate system comprises rectifying column, be arranged on the evaporimeter at the bottom of rectifying tower and condenser and the separator that all is arranged on the rectifying column tower top, the gas liquid outlet of described condenser is connected with the gas-liquid entrance of described separator, the liquid-phase outlet of described separator is connected with described rectifying column, and the coal bed gas entrance of described rectifying column is connected with the outlet of the coal bed gas of described level Four heat exchanger;
The described azeotrope circulatory system comprises azeotrope compressor, azeotrope cooler and the azeotrope knockout drum set gradually along the azeotrope flow direction, the gas phase azeotrope outlet of described azeotrope knockout drum is connected with the azeotrope entrance of described evaporimeter after described first-class heat exchanger, secondary heat exchanger, and the azeotrope of described evaporimeter exports after described three grades of heat exchangers, is connected with described azeotrope compressor through described three grades of heat exchangers, secondary heat exchanger and first-class heat exchanger successively; The liquid phase azeotrope outlet of described azeotrope knockout drum converges with the gas phase azeotrope pipeline refluxed after described first-class heat exchanger; The pipeline that described gas phase azeotrope again enters three grades of heat exchangers after described three grades of heat exchangers is provided with the azeotrope cryogenic throttle valve, and the pipeline of described liquid phase azeotrope after described first-class heat exchanger is provided with azeotrope high temperature choke valve;
Described nitrogen refrigerant cycle system comprises along the nitrogen refrigerant flow to the nitrogen cryogen compressor set gradually and nitrogen cryogen cooler, the nitrogen cryogen outlet of described nitrogen cryogen cooler is successively after described first-class heat exchanger, secondary heat exchanger, with the nitrogen cryogen entrance of described evaporimeter, be connected, the nitrogen cryogen outlet of described evaporimeter is connected with described condenser successively after described three grades of heat exchangers, level Four heat exchanger, and the nitrogen cryogen outlet of described condenser is connected with described nitrogen cryogen compressor successively after described level Four heat exchanger, three grades of heat exchangers, secondary heat exchanger and first-class heat exchanger; Be provided with nitrogen cryogen choke valve between the nitrogen cryogen entrance of described level Four heat exchanger and condenser.
Further, also comprise nitrogen oxygen expansion gas extraction system, described nitrogen oxygen expansion gas extraction system comprises nitrogen oxygen decompressor, the gaseous phase outlet of described separator is divided into two exhaust passages after described level Four heat exchanger, wherein discharge nitrogen oxygen successively after described three grades of heat exchangers, secondary heat exchanger and first-class heat exchanger exhaust passage, and another exhaust passage is after described decompressor, discharge nitrogen oxygen through described level Four heat exchanger, three grades of heat exchangers, secondary heat exchanger and first-class heat exchanger successively.
Further, also comprise the liquid methane cooling line, described liquid methane cooling line is communicated with the liquid methane outlet and described three grades of heat exchangers of described rectifying column.
Further, the place ahead or the rear of described nitrogen cryogen compressor and azeotrope compressor are equipped with surge tank.
Further, be provided with the combustion and explosion suppression device in described rectifying column, described combustion and explosion suppression device comprises the steel wire be laid in described rectifying column inner stuffing.
Further, the mesh size of described steel wire is 80~200 orders, and laying density is to lay the 1-5 layer every 300mm.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
The utility model extracts the device of methane in the low concentration coalbed methane containing oxygen, by the azeotrope circulatory system and nitrogen refrigerant cycle system are set, on the one hand, consideration for secure context, the methane extracted in the low concentration coalbed methane containing oxygen need to carry out under lower pressure, the coal bed gas that particularly methane content is less than 35%, operating pressure is no more than 0.4MPaG, so the condensation temperature of rectifying piece-rate system is lower than-180 ℃, and the azeotrope circulatory system can't provide satisfactory cold, therefore adopt nitrogen refrigerant cycle system to provide cold to condenser; On the other hand, if adopt nitrogen refrigerant cycle system heat exchanging system that cold is provided, can cause the defect that energy consumption is high, refrigerating efficiency is low, thereby adopt azeotrope circulatory system heat exchanging system to provide cold to make coal bed gas cooling; In addition, the azeotrope circulatory system and nitrogen refrigerant cycle system are separate, do not interfere with each other, can realize the reasonable distribution of cold, heat exchange efficiency is higher, and realizes the adjustment of methane purity and yield, when making whole device obtain very high heat exchange efficiency, also the working conditions change of extracting in the methane process is had to good adaptability and operability, and can prevent the azeotrope blocking pipeline.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, extract the structural representation of the device embodiment of methane in the low concentration coalbed methane containing oxygen for the utility model.A kind of device that extracts methane in the low concentration coalbed methane containing oxygen of the present embodiment, comprise heat-exchange system, rectifying piece-rate system, the azeotrope circulatory system and nitrogen refrigerant cycle system.
Heat-exchange system comprises along coal bed gas and flows to the first-class heat exchanger 3 set gradually, secondary heat exchanger 4, three grades of heat exchangers 5 and level Four heat exchangers 6.
The rectifying piece-rate system comprises rectifying column 11, be arranged on the evaporimeter 12 at the bottom of rectifying column 11 towers and condenser 9 and the separator 10 that all is arranged on rectifying column 11 tower tops, the gas liquid outlet of condenser 9 is connected with the gas-liquid entrance of separator 10, the liquid-phase outlet of separator 10 is connected with rectifying column 11, and the coal bed gas entrance of rectifying column 11 is connected with the outlet of the coal bed gas of level Four heat exchanger 6.
The azeotrope circulatory system comprises azeotrope compressor 17, azeotrope cooler 16 and the azeotrope knockout drum 15 set gradually along the azeotrope flow direction, the gas phase azeotrope outlet of azeotrope knockout drum 15 is connected with the azeotrope entrance of evaporimeter 12 after first-class heat exchanger 3, secondary heat exchanger 4, and the azeotrope of evaporimeter 12 exports after three grades of heat exchangers 5, is connected with azeotrope compressor 17 through three grades of heat exchangers 5, secondary heat exchanger 4 and first-class heat exchanger 3 successively; The outlet of the liquid phase azeotrope of azeotrope knockout drum 15 through after first-class heat exchanger 3 be back to azeotrope compressor 17 together with the gas phase azeotrope pipeline refluxed converges.The pipeline that the gas phase azeotrope again enters three grades of heat exchangers 5 after three grades of heat exchangers 5 is provided with azeotrope cryogenic throttle valve 13, and the pipeline of liquid phase azeotrope after first-class heat exchanger 3 is provided with azeotrope high temperature choke valve 14.The mixture that the azeotrope of the present embodiment is nitrogen, methane, ethene, propane and isopentane, and in azeotrope, the ratio of each component is: 23.5% nitrogen; 38.8% methane; 11% ethene; 14.2% propane; 12.5% isopentane, can meet the demands; Certainly, azeotrope also can adopt other components to mix realization, and the constituent content of azeotrope also can need to be changed according to actual process, is not repeated.
Nitrogen refrigerant cycle system comprises along the nitrogen refrigerant flow to the nitrogen cryogen compressor 1 set gradually and nitrogen cryogen cooler 2, the nitrogen cryogen outlet of nitrogen cryogen cooler 2 is successively after first-class heat exchanger 3, secondary heat exchanger 4, with the nitrogen cryogen entrance of evaporimeter 12, be connected, the outlet of the nitrogen cryogen of evaporimeter 12 is connected with condenser 9 successively after three grades of heat exchangers 5, level Four heat exchanger 6, and the nitrogen cryogen of condenser 9 exports successively through level Four heat exchanger 6, three grades of heat exchangers 5, secondary heat exchangers 4 and is connected with nitrogen cryogen compressor 1 after first-class heat exchanger 3; Be provided with nitrogen cryogen choke valve 8 between the nitrogen cryogen entrance of level Four heat exchanger 6 and condenser 9.
The present embodiment extracts the device of methane in the low concentration coalbed methane containing oxygen, by the azeotrope circulatory system and nitrogen refrigerant cycle system are set, on the one hand, consideration for secure context, the methane extracted in the low concentration coalbed methane containing oxygen need to carry out under lower pressure, the coal bed gas that particularly methane content is less than 35%, operating pressure is no more than 0.4MPaG, so the condensation temperature of rectifying piece-rate system is lower than-180 ℃, and the azeotrope circulatory system can't provide satisfactory cold, therefore adopt nitrogen refrigerant cycle system to provide cold to condenser; On the other hand, if adopt nitrogen refrigerant cycle system heat exchanging system that cold is provided, can cause the defect that energy consumption is high, refrigerating efficiency is low, thereby adopt azeotrope circulatory system heat exchanging system to provide cold to make coal bed gas cooling; In addition, the azeotrope circulatory system and nitrogen refrigerant cycle system are separate, do not interfere with each other, can realize the reasonable distribution of cold, heat exchange efficiency is higher, and realizes the adjustment of methane purity and yield, when making whole device obtain very high heat exchange efficiency, also the working conditions change of extracting in the methane process is had to good adaptability and operability, and can prevent the azeotrope blocking pipeline.
Further, the device that the present embodiment extracts methane in the low concentration coalbed methane containing oxygen also comprises nitrogen oxygen expansion gas extraction system, nitrogen oxygen expansion gas extraction system comprises nitrogen oxygen decompressor 7, the gaseous phase outlet of separator 10 is divided into two exhaust passages after level Four heat exchanger 6, wherein discharge nitrogen oxygen successively after three grades of heat exchangers 5, secondary heat exchanger 4 and first-class heat exchanger 3 exhaust passage, and another exhaust passage is after decompressor 7, discharge nitrogen oxygen through level Four heat exchanger 6, three grades of heat exchangers 5, secondary heat exchanger 4 and first-class heat exchanger 3 successively.Nitrogen oxygen expansion gas extraction system is utilized nitrogen oxygen swell refrigeration, has further reclaimed the low temperature cold of part nitrogen oxygen, has saved the energy consumption of nitrogen refrigerant cycle system.
Further, the device that the present embodiment extracts methane in the low concentration coalbed methane containing oxygen also comprises the liquid methane cooling line, the liquid methane cooling line is communicated with the liquid methane outlet and three grades of heat exchangers 5 of rectifying column 11, and liquid methane is stored through the cooling of three grades of heat exchangers 5 later again.
Further, be provided with the combustion and explosion suppression device in rectifying column 11, the combustion and explosion suppression device comprises the steel wire be laid in rectifying column 11 inner stuffings.And the mesh size of steel wire is 80~200 orders, laying density is to lay the 1-5 layer every 300mm.
In addition, the place ahead or the rear of nitrogen cryogen compressor 1 and azeotrope compressor 17 also can arrange surge tank, and the pressure in equalizing line, be not repeated.
Below, with methane content 35%, nitrogen content 52.5%, the low concentration coalbed methane containing oxygen of oxygen content 11.5% is example, the specific embodiment of the device that utilizes the utility model to extract methane in the low concentration coalbed methane containing oxygen being extracted to methane describes.
As shown in Figure 1, temperature is that low concentration coalbed methane containing oxygen that 40 ℃, pressure are 0.4MPaG enters successively in first-class heat exchanger 3, secondary heat exchanger 4, three grades of heat exchangers 5 and level Four heat exchanger 6 and is cooled to-150 ℃~-160 ℃, then from middle part, enters rectifying column 11.
The filler that separates methane in coal bed gas is arranged in rectifying column 11, and liquid methane is assembled in 11 rectifier bottoms, and the nitrogen oxygen that contains a small amount of methane flows out from rectifying column 11 tops.The heat that the liquid methane of rectifying column 11 ends gathering is transmitted by evaporimeter 12 heats, nitrogen and oxygen wherein are evaporated, form methane content and be greater than 99% liquid and go out to enter in three grades of heat exchangers 5 from rectifying column 11 underflows, be cooled to-155 ℃ as the liquid methane output of products.Containing the nitrogen oxygen flow of a small amount of methane, from rectifying column 11 tops, flow out laggard enter condenser 9 and by nitrogen refrigerant cycle system cools to-175 ℃, become gas-liquid mixture, methane wherein becomes liquid.The gas-liquid mixture that condenser 9 flows out enters separator 10, isolated liquid methane is back in rectifying column 11, in remaining nitrogen oxygen, methane content is less than 0.5%, flowing out after separator 10 enters level Four heat exchanger 6 and is heated to-152 ℃, then separate 10% nitrogen oxygen and enter nitrogen oxygen decompressor 7, remaining 90% nitrogen oxygen enters three grades of heat exchangers 5, secondary heat exchanger 4, first-class heat exchanger 3 recovery colds successively, and nitrogen oxygen is heated to be normal temperature and discharges.The nitrogen oxygen that enters nitrogen oxygen decompressor 7 is expanded to normal pressure from 0.35MPaG, and temperature drops to-180 ℃, then enters successively level Four heat exchanger 6, three grades of heat exchangers 5, secondary heat exchanger 4, first-class heat exchanger 3 reclaim colds, and nitrogen oxygen is heated to be normal temperature and discharges.
The cold of condenser 9 is provided by nitrogen refrigerant cycle system.Temperature is that nitrogen that 40 ℃, pressure are 0.15MPaG enters nitrogen cryogen compressor 1 and is supercharged to 3.5MPaG, enter nitrogen cryogen cooler 2 and be cooled to 40 ℃, and be cooled to-120 ℃ through first-class heat exchanger 3, secondary heat exchanger 4 successively, then enter evaporimeter 12 for heating at the bottom of rectifying column 11 liquid methane.The nitrogen cryogen is from evaporimeter 12 flows out, and the high pressure nitrogen temperature becomes-126 ℃, then enters successively three grades of heat exchangers 5, level Four heat exchanger 6 and enters nitrogen cryogen choke valve 8 reducing pressure by regulating flows after being cooled to-178 ℃.The nitrogen cryogen that the temperature flowed out from nitrogen cryogen choke valve 8 is 0.16MPaG for-187 ℃, pressure enters condenser 9 provides the condensation cold, the nitrogen cryogen is heated gasification for nitrogen, nitrogen enters successively level Four heat exchanger 6, three grades of heat exchangers 5, secondary heat exchanger 4, first-class heat exchanger 3 from condenser 9 flows out, give all the other logistics by Cooling capacity exchanging, the nitrogen cryogen enters nitrogen cryogen compressor 1 and recycles after being heated to be 40 ℃.
Temperature is that azeotrope that 40 ℃, pressure are 0.16MPaG enters azeotrope compressor 17 and is supercharged to 3.5MPaG, then enters azeotrope cooler 16 and is cooled to 40 ℃ and forms gas-liquid mixtures.The gas-liquid mixture flowed out from azeotrope cooler 16 enters azeotrope knockout drum 15, the liquid phase azeotrope flows out from azeotrope knockout drum 15 bottoms, enter first-class heat exchanger 3 and be cooled to-50 ℃, then enter azeotrope high temperature choke valve 14 reducing pressure by regulating flows, the azeotrope temperature after throttling is 0.17MPaG for-55 ℃, pressure.
The gas phase azeotrope flowed out from azeotrope knockout drum 15 tops enters first-class heat exchanger 3 successively, secondary heat exchanger 4 is cooled to-120 ℃, then enters evaporimeter 12 for heating the rectifying column liquid at 11 ends.From evaporimeter 12 flows out, the temperature of high pressure vapor azeotrope is-125 ℃, enters in three grades of heat exchangers 5 and is cooled to-148 ℃, then enters azeotrope cryogenic throttle valve 13 reducing pressure by regulating flows.The temperature of the azeotrope after throttling is 0.17MPaG for-168 ℃, pressure, and enter successively three grades of heat exchangers 5, secondary heat exchanger 4 is heated to-57.8 ℃, the azeotrope flowed out with azeotrope high temperature choke valve 14 merge together enter first-class heat exchanger 3 by Cooling capacity exchanging to all the other logistics.Azeotrope is heated to be normal temperature and enters azeotrope compressor 17 and recycle.
Finally, by this device, the low concentration coalbed methane containing oxygen is divided into to three parts, the liquid methane that namely for methane content is greater than 99%, the nitrogen oxygen that the methane content of discharging respectively by two exhaust passages is less than 0.5%.
Finally explanation is, above preferred embodiment is only unrestricted in order to the technical solution of the utility model to be described, although the utility model is described in detail by above preferred embodiment, but those skilled in the art are to be understood that, can make various changes to it in the form and details, and not depart from the utility model claims limited range.