CN203315816U - Pulse backwashing deep bed filtration device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a pulse backwashing deep bed filtration device, and belongs to the technical field of automatic control. The pulse backwashing deep bed filtration device comprises a deep bed filter, a backwashing pump and a flow detection device, wherein the deep bed filter is provided with a shell, a water collecting mechanism and a connecting pipe of the water collecting mechanism are arranged on the lower part of the shell, a water distributing mechanism and a connecting pipe of the water distributing mechanism are arranged on the upper part of the shell, a filter material cushion layer is arranged on the lower part of the shell, a filter material is arranged in the middle of the shell, and a filter material height detection device is arranged on the upper part of the shell. The backwashing pump is a centrifugal pump which is connected with the deep bed filter. The flow detection device is installed on a main backwashing pipeline at the outlet of the backwashing pump. The pulse backwashing deep bed filtration device provided by the utility model has the beneficial effect that the filter layer is efficiently cleaned in a water-saving manner by backwashing water which is fluctuated in flow.

Description

A kind of pulse backwashing deep-bed filtration device

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of pulse backwashing deep-bed filtration device, belongs to the automatic control technology field.

Background technology

The deep-bed filtration device is widely used in the industries such as oil exploitation, metallurgy, electric power, running water.Its filtrate is widely used the hard particles filtrates such as quartz sand, diamond dust, garnet, magnetic iron ore, glauconite, anthracite, haydite or soft fibre ball filtering material etc.Deep-bed filtration with surface filtration, compare have that holding filth capacity is large, the advantage such as filter cycle length, shock resistance, Operation and Maintenance are simple.But in actual use procedure, due to the impact of operating mode, human factor etc., cause filter backwash thoroughly not cause the phenomenons such as filtrate hardens, filtrate loss, make filter lose retaining power, cause the effluent quality variation, frequently change filtrate.Automation along with filter, it is fewer and feweri that the people participates in the filter flow process, the people is also fewer and feweri to the perception of filter, lost the experience that filter is regulated, after its operating mode changes, in the situation that the parameters such as backwash flow do not become, filtrate can not get sufficient backwash, the result of the filter failures such as causing filtrate hardens, filtrate loss that accumulates over a long period.

The filtrate density of deep-bed filtration device all is greater than filter liquide, in filter, by with the density contrast of filter liquide, being deposited on the device bottom, forms filter bed.During filtration, filter liquide is entered by filter top, from top to bottom passes through filter bed, by piling up the gap interception between filtrate, by filter material surface, is adsorbed, and reaches the purpose that filtrate is purified.During backwash, backwash water enters from the filter bottom, through captation, disperse, and upwards through filter bed, when around filtering material particle, the backwash water flow velocity is greater than the sinking speed of filtrate, the filtrate floating, swelling appears in whole bed.The filtrate of floating is in the process made progress, the filtrate number density reduces, the shared sectional area of backwash water becomes large, flow velocity descends, and when the sinking speed lower than filtrate, filtrate descends, because backwash water in filter is not the state of laminar flow, so filtrate also just moves up and down in the backwash water of turbulent flow, collision, phase mutual friction mutually, reaches and makes the impurity desorption adhered to, and makes the purpose of media regeneration.Seriously polluted when filtrate, while having formed agglomerate, the backwash water yield originally is not enough so that whole bed expansion just, must increase the backwash water yield just can make agglomerate broken, make filtering layer expand, make filtrate to collide, rub.Its backwash flow control mode of existing filter has manual control or flowmeter to coordinate control etc. with control valve, is the backwash of constant flow rate, and, in whole backwash process, the backwash water flow does not change.In the situation that flow is constant, the maximum rating of filter bed layer swell increment in this flow, the minimum state of the packing between the bed filtrate in this flow, fluid is to the scouring force of particle in minimum state, and cleaning efficiency is low.If strengthen the backwash water yield, after the scouring force increase of fluid to particle, along with the increase of filter bed swell increment, scouring force can decrease, and cleaning efficiency is still got back to low state.And, along with the increase of filter bed swell increment, filtrate can arrive the filter backwash delivery port, cause the filtrate leakage or stop up outlet, thoroughly lose the effect of backwash.If there is filtrate, pollute, after the beginning conglomeration is hardened, this backwash flow by deficiency so that the filtrate fragmentation of hardening, backwash water can be passed from the crack of the interblock that hardens of resistance minimum, can be more serious toward after stain, the degree hardened can enlarge, and the intensity that hardens can be larger, progressively worsen, finally reach the degree of the integral replacing filtrate of having to.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of pulse backwashing deep-bed filtration device.

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of pulse backwashing deep-bed filtration device.Constant for the water yield of filter backwash in the past, backwash efficiency is low, can not reach the problem of backwash effect, the utility model is by providing pulse backwashing water, instantaneous maximum backwash flow is increased, and between filtering material particle, collision friction is violent, increases backwash intensity, the large flow duration is short, can not make filter bed expand into very high.The backwash water scouring intensity of large flow is large, and backwash intensity is high, and whole bed is had and impacts loosening effect, strong to conglomeration filtrate brokenness.Reaching abundant cleaning filtrate, avoid filtrate to run off, save the backwash water yield, alleviate personnel's working strength, increase filtrate service life, advantage that the adaptation condition condition changes.

A kind of pulse backwashing deep-bed filtration device, comprise deep-bed filter, backwashing pump and flow detector, deep-bed filter has housing, in lower housing portion setting catchment mechanism and adapter thereof, on housing top, water distributing mechanism and adapter thereof are set, in lower housing portion, the filtrate bed course is set, at the housing middle part, filtrate is set, on housing top, the filtrate height detecting device is set; Backwashing pump is centrifugal pump, and backwashing pump connects deep-bed filter; Flow detector is installed on backwashing pump outlet trunk back wash line.

Effect of the present utility model is the cleaning that the backwash water of generation flowed fluctuation is carried out efficiently, economized on water filtering layer.Increase frequency in first stage pulse period along with backwashing pump, the backwash water yield increases gradually, filter bed is expanded gradually loosening, and the hole between filtrate increases.This stage frequency converter has also been alleviated the temporary impact of the required large Current on Grid of pump startup.When the backwash water yield reaches maximum, enter the second stage of pulse period, flow keeps the maximum magnitude certain hour.Because, after flow increases, filtering layer expand into stable state a response process, finally reach the fluidized state of boiling shape.And flow filter material layer also in the process in expanding while just having reached maximum, there is no the maximum rating in expanding, between filtrate, hole is not maximum, the state of filtrate in denser, larger with washing away of current, the chance collided with each other is many, and filtrate adheres to leaches the easy desorption of thing, and backwash efficiency is high.Along with the degrees of expansion continuation increase of filter material layer, the filtrate compaction rate decreases, and between filtrate, collision opportunity diminishes, and with the scouring force of current, diminishes, and backwash efficiency also reduces.In order to break away from this inefficient operation, program enters the phase III of pulse period, controls the backwash water yield and reduces gradually, and now the expansion height of filter material layer falls after rise gradually.The fourth stage of pulse period, the backwash flow that system held is less, with the filtering layer expansion of second stage, filtrate falls after rise also a response time, need to have individual time course to make the filter material layer expanded continue to fall after rise.Now, because the backwash water yield is little, little to the scouring force of filtrate, backwash efficiency is low, but lasting water flow energy will early stage flow when larger the thing that leaches of desorption take away filter material layer, reach the effect that filtrate cleans, make filter material layer fall back to stable state.So just complete a pulse period, then carried out the next pulse cycle, so circulated, reached the purpose of efficient backwash, water saving.

The accompanying drawing explanation

When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by the detailed description with reference to following, can more completely understand better the utility model and easily learn wherein many advantages of following, but accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present utility model, form a part of the present utility model, schematic description and description of the present utility model, for explaining the utility model, does not form improper restriction of the present utility model, as schemed wherein:

The device flow chart that Fig. 1 is utility model.

The deep-bed filter structure diagram that Fig. 2 is utility model.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further illustrated.

The specific embodiment

Obviously, the many modifications and variations that those skilled in the art do based on aim of the present utility model belong to protection domain of the present utility model.

Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2,

A kind of pulse backwashing deep-bed filtration device, comprise deep-bed filter 1, backwashing pump 4 and flow detector 3, deep-bed filter 1 has housing 7, in housing 7 bottoms, catchment mechanism 10 and adapter thereof are set, water distributing mechanism 5 and adapter thereof are set on housing 7 tops, in housing 7 bottoms, filtrate bed course 9 is set, at housing 7 middle parts, filtrate 8 is set, on housing 7 tops, filtrate height detecting device 6 is set; Backwashing pump 4 is centrifugal pump, and backwashing pump 4 connects deep-bed filter 1; Flow detector 3 is installed on backwashing pump 4 outlet trunk back wash lines.

Embodiment 2: as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the utility model package unit by the backwashing pump 4 that possesses variable frequency adjustment, the switch board 2 with frequency converter and PLC controller, backwash water flow detector 3, deep-bed filter 1, filtrate height detecting device 6, there is the automatic-control pulse backwash and process the filtrate altitude signal and the control program of backwash flow etc. forms.

Deep-bed filter 1 can have 1,2 in a covering device ... the n platform.Deep-bed filter 1 has housing 7, being arranged on lower housing portion has the mechanism of catchmenting 10 and adapter thereof, and being arranged on housing top has water distributing mechanism 5 and adapter thereof, and being arranged on lower housing portion has filtrate bed course 9, being arranged on the housing middle part has filtrate 8, and being arranged on housing top has filtrate height detecting device 6; Backwashing pump 4 is centrifugal pump, and institute's gas-distributing motor can the variable frequency adjustment rotating speed, and package unit can have 1 or 2 backwashing pumps, and can work also can the using and the reserved simultaneously.Flow detector 3 is installed on backwashing pump outlet trunk back wash line, can detect the backwash flow of each filter.Switch board 2 has the PLC controller, there is the frequency converter of adjusting backwashing pump rotating speed etc., its PLC control program prepared in advance, its touch-screen can show that running status, backwash water instantaneous delivery, the backwash of each filter carry out the parameters such as time, filtrate height, also can regulate the parameters such as the backwash water yield, backwash time, backwash cycle.

When filter needs backwash, program is switching flow at first, closes the filtered water inlet valve and filters out water valve, opens backwash water intaking valve and backwash outlet valve.Program enters the first stage of a pulse period of backwash procedure thereupon, and program accelerates the backwashing pump frequency converter frequency after sending instruction startup backwashing pump, improves backwashing pump flow and outlet pressure, reaches the maximum stream flow of setting.Along with the backwash water yield increases gradually, filter bed expands loosening gradually, and the hole between filtrate increases, and the backwash effect strengthens gradually.This stage frequency converter has also been alleviated the temporary impact of the required large Current on Grid of backwashing pump startup.Second stage PLC adjusts the frequency converter output frequency according to the inverse signal of flow sensor, to keep flow at maximum backwash range of flow certain hour.After the backwash flow increases, filter material layer expand into stable state a response process, finally reaches the fluidized state of boiling shape.And flow filter material layer also in the process in expanding while just having reached maximum, there is no the maximum rating in expanding, between filtrate, hole is not maximum, the state of filtrate in denser, larger with washing away of current, the chance collided with each other is many, and filtrate adheres to leaches the easy desorption of thing, and backwash efficiency is high.Along with the degrees of expansion continuation increase of filter material layer, the filtrate compaction rate decreases, and between filtrate, collision opportunity diminishes, and with the scouring force of current, diminishes, and backwash efficiency also reduces.In order to break away from this inefficient operation, program enters the phase III of pulse period.The filtrate height detecting device that this stage filter interior is installed is constantly passed the real-time altitude signal of filter material layer back, while reaching the warning height, also can make immediately program enter the phase III.The phase III frequency converter frequency diminishes, and reaches the minimum backwash flow of setting, and the expansion height of this process filter material layer falls after rise gradually.Fourth stage PLC adjusts the frequency converter output frequency according to the inverse signal of flow sensor, to keep the backwash flow at minimum backwash range of flow certain hour.With the filtering layer expansion of second stage, filtrate falls after rise also a response time, need to have individual time course to make the filter material layer expanded continue to fall after rise.Now, because the backwash water yield is little, little to the scouring force of filtrate, backwash efficiency is low, but lasting water flow energy will early stage flow when larger the thing that leaches of desorption take away filter material layer, reach the effect that filtrate cleans, make filter material layer fall back to stable state.So just completed a pulse period, entered immediately another pulse period, so circulated, reached the purpose of efficient backwash, water saving, the backwash time that reaches setting finish.

As mentioned above, embodiment of the present utility model is explained, but, as long as not breaking away from fact inventive point of the present utility model and effect can have a lot of distortion, this will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art.Therefore, within such variation also all is included in protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (1)

1. a pulse backwashing deep-bed filtration device, it is characterized in that comprising deep-bed filter, backwashing pump and flow detector, deep-bed filter has housing, in lower housing portion setting catchment mechanism and adapter thereof, on housing top, water distributing mechanism and adapter thereof are set, in lower housing portion, the filtrate bed course is set, at the housing middle part, filtrate is set, on housing top, the filtrate height detecting device is set; Backwashing pump is centrifugal pump, and backwashing pump connects deep-bed filter; Flow detector is installed on backwashing pump outlet trunk back wash line.

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