CN203307417U - Ion nitriding furnace - Google Patents
Ion nitriding furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN203307417U CN203307417U CN2013204130927U CN201320413092U CN203307417U CN 203307417 U CN203307417 U CN 203307417U CN 2013204130927 U CN2013204130927 U CN 2013204130927U CN 201320413092 U CN201320413092 U CN 201320413092U CN 203307417 U CN203307417 U CN 203307417U
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- ion nitriding
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a nitriding device, and in particular relates to an ion nitriding furnace belonging to the technical field of heat treatment. The ion nitriding furnace comprises a furnace body, a furnace chassis, a cooling device and an inlet air suction system, wherein the furnace body is buckled with the furnace chassis, so that a furnace cavity can be formed; a cathode disc is arranged in the furnace cavity; the cathode disc is connected with the furnace chassis by a chassis support pillar; the cathode disc is provided with cathode toolings and cathode support pillars; a cathode cover plate is arranged above the cathode disc; the cathode cover plate is supported by the cathode support pillars. The ion nitriding furnace effectively enlarges an isothermal region of a nitriding working area, thus greatly reducing the temperature difference between the radial direction and the axial direction; the ion nitriding furnace is provided with an auxiliary heat preservation disc and the cathode toolings, so that the nitriding quality of the two ends of a workpiece can be improved, the workpiece can be evenly nitrided on the whole, and the service life of the workpiece is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of nitriding equipment, is specifically related to a kind of ion nitriding furnace, belongs to the heat treatment technics field.
Background technology
Bent axle is one of vital part in explosive motor, it in the course of the work, can constantly bear very large curved song and answer power ﹑ torsional stress and stressing conditions complex, so draw strong degree ﹑ firmly to spend ﹑ anti-mill ﹑ resistance to fatigue and impelling strength etc. to bent axle anti-, strict demand be arranged.The engine crankshaft material mainly contains spheroidal graphite cast iron and forged steel two classes, and ductile iron crankshaft well at home and abroad is widely applied with its cost low (cost only has 1/3 left and right of quenched and tempered steel bent axle cost), processing and heat treatment performance.
Nitriding is to improve one of critical process of the performances such as ductile iron crankshaft Ying Du ﹑ wear resistance, and nitriding is divided into common nitriding and ionitriding.Ionitriding is to using in the rough vacuum body of heater of nitrogenous gas metal works as negative electrode filling, and body of heater is anode, and the nitrogen hydrogen atom after energising in medium is ionized after the match at high voltage direct current, between anode and cathode, forms plasma zone.Under the effect of plasma zone highfield, the positive ion of nitrogen and hydrogen is to bombard to workpiece surface at a high speed.The kinetic energy of ion changes heat energy into, and the heated parts surface is to temperature required.Due to the bombardment of ion, workpiece surface produces atom sputtering, thereby is purified, and due to absorption and diffusion, nitrogen infiltrates workpiece surface then simultaneously.With common nitriding, compare, ionitriding can be shortened nitriding cycle, save energy.And the problem that existing ion nitriding furnace exists is: in nitriding furnace, the temperature difference is large, the whole crank shaft nitriding result is inhomogeneous, two ends nitrogenize quality is lower than centre, outer ring nitrogenize quality is lower than inner lane, the nitrogenize quality differs greatly, because bent axle is high-precision product, nitrogenize inhomogeneous work-ing life that greatly reduces bent axle.For addressing this problem, the past mostly improves holding temperature and compensates, but result is unsatisfactory, and is prone to distortion, expansion.
Patent No. CN1789477A discloses a kind of energy-saving ion nitrifying furnace, body of heater is provided with heat protection screen and outer cooling cowl, heat protection screen is the sealed, thermally insulated thermal insulation layer of double-layer stainless steel, furnace hearth plate is provided with the furnace bottom thermoscreen, nitriding gas enters pipeline along the heat protection screen outside, enters the gas dispersion ring in body of heater by the heat protection screen top.Patent No. CN202265601U discloses a kind of vacuum nitriding furnace, by body of heater, base and cathode disc, formed, body of heater is movably arranged on base, cathode disc is equipped with in the centre of base, on the base of cathode disc below, be provided with vacuum extractor, in body of heater, be provided with thermoscreen, bottom of furnace body is respectively arranged with ammonia import and refrigeration cycle water out, and the body of heater lower end is provided with the refrigeration cycle water inlet.Above-mentioned patent has improved heat insulation effect to a certain extent, has strengthened the compensation effect of holding temperature, but does not fundamentally solve the problem that the nitriding furnace nitrogenize temperature difference is large, nitriding result is uneven.
The utility model content
According to above deficiency of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved in the utility model is: a kind of ion nitriding furnace is provided, makes nitrogenize workspace temperature even, the radial and axial temperature difference reduces greatly.
Ion nitriding furnace described in the utility model comprises body of heater, furnace hearth plate, refrigerating unit and air inlet air-bleed system, body of heater and furnace hearth plate fasten and form furnace chamber, cathode disc is set in furnace chamber, cathode disc connects furnace hearth plate by the chassis pillar, negative electrode frock, negative electrode pillar are set on cathode disc, the cathode disc top arranges the negative electrode cover plate, and the negative electrode cover plate is by the negative electrode shore supports.
When bent axle directly contacted with cathode disc, contact position is the aura weak area often, and the aura temperature is low, made bent axle bottom and cathode disc produce the processing spacing by the negative electrode frock is set, and avoided producing the aura dead angle, was conducive to the lifting of bent axle bottom nitriding temperature.The corresponding weakness of temperature arranges the negative electrode cover plate in the bent axle upper end, has expanded the whole effective isothermal region covered in nitrogenize space, eliminates the aura weakness, makes the whole crank shaft nitrogenize even, improves the nitrogenize quality.The body of heater top arranges suspension ring, is convenient to body of heater is lifted on furnace hearth plate or mentions, and between body of heater and furnace hearth plate, tightness system is set, and is conducive to insulation.
Described refrigerating unit comprises the interbedded water courage, and the interbedded water courage is arranged in body of heater, furnace hearth plate interlayer, water-in is set respectively on body of heater, furnace hearth plate, water outlet is connected with the interbedded water courage, strong, middle ,Ruo tri-tunnels water inlets that water-in arranges.Three tunnels water inlets liter, protect, according to operation stage, be easy to complementary temperature control by strengthening or reducing its flow in cooling, the hot water produced in process of cooling can heat and after treatment for worker's bathing, water after heat loss obtains the refrigeration cycle utilization again, forms high-temperature water and to the heating heat radiation, arrives the low-carbon environment-friendly economic circulation pattern of high-temperature water again.
Described air inlet air-bleed system comprises inlet mouth, extraction pipe, and extraction pipe one end connects the furnace hearth plate middle part, the other end go deep in furnace chamber and the end mouth of pipe higher than negative electrode cover plate upper surface, inlet mouth is arranged on furnace hearth plate.
Described air inlet air-bleed system comprises inlet mouth, bleeding point, and inlet mouth is arranged on upper of furnace body, and bleeding point is arranged on the furnace hearth plate middle part.
The gas distribution screen is set between described furnace hearth plate and cathode disc, and the gas distribution screen is the disk of middle perforate.
The furnace chamber domestic demand of nitriding furnace keeps certain vacuum tightness, the vacuum pump connected by extraction pipe or bleeding point before nitrogenize is to vacuumizing in furnace chamber, the source of the gas that passes into ion nitriding by inlet mouth again is ammonia and carbon dioxide mix gas, and the waste gas produced in nitridation process also needs to extract out through extraction pipe or bleeding point.Inlet mouth was arranged on upper of furnace body more in the past, gas mixture not yet is drawn out of through fully reacting just rapid bleeding point along center after entering workspace, cause the waste of the energy, and the gas of extracting out contains a large amount of ammonias, very large pollution is caused in workshop, have a strong impact on the worker healthy.By gas distribution screen is set, greatly delayed gas mixture by the speed of inlet mouth to air outlet, gas mixture is fully reacted in workspace, greatly reduce discarded output, not only energy-conservation but also environmental protection.
Described negative electrode frock is that upper right cylinder, lower right cylinder form, upper right cylinder is coaxial with lower right cylinder, and upper cylinder diameter is less than lower right cylinder, upper right cylinder external diameter and the bent axle major part journal centre hole internal diameter coupling be arranged on the negative electrode frock, make to install stable.
The auxiliary hot plate of annular is set between described negative electrode cover plate and cathode disc, and the auxiliary hot plate of annular is arranged on the bent axle microcephaly diameter of axle.Auxiliary hot plate is enclosed within the middle of the little neck of bent axle and the first main journal, reduces the temperature difference of crankshaft end and middle part, makes aura more shrink in integral body concentrated, and the reasonable homogeneity of current density improves.
On described negative electrode cover plate, cylindrical protrusions is set, eliminates the aura dead band.
Described negative electrode frock divides inner ring, centre circle, outer ring hoop to be evenly arranged on cathode disc, is distributed in spacing between inner ring negative electrode frock and the spacing between centre circle negative electrode frock and is greater than the spacing be distributed between the negative electrode frock of outer ring.The temperature speed of scattering and disappearing in workspace outer ring is greater than centre circle and inner ring, follows outer close interior thin principle and arranges, can effectively reduce radial temperature difference, improves the nitrogenize uniformity coefficient of inside and outside circle bent axle, makes each crankshaft nitriding effect more consistent, improves conforming product rate.
On described furnace hearth plate, thermocouple probe is set, thermocouple probe is deep into middle part, furnace chamber nitrogenize district.Probe installation location is occupy to the centre circle that workpiece is put level; Effective monitoring point of popping one's head in extends to 1/2 of workpiece height and effectively learns univers parameter, is convenient to adjust and controls, thermocouple probe outer setting sheath.
During work, after passing into ammonia and carbon dioxide mix gas, the molecule of the gas that accelerated charged ion collision is nitrogenous, make its ionization and decompose to produce the required nitrogen element of nitrogenize, in glow discharge, constantly produce new charged particle, electronics is run to anode, has the ion of the positively charged of very large kinetic energy, impacts the workpiece surface as negative electrode, produce heat, workpiece is heated to needed nitriding temperature, and the aura layer along the profile of workpiece and form, makes its surface be subject to uniform nitrogenize.
The beneficial effect that the utility model compared with prior art has is:
This ion nitriding furnace effectively increases the isothermal region of nitrogenize workspace, makes radially with axial temperature difference, greatly to reduce; Auxiliary hot plate and negative electrode frock are set, improve the nitrogenize quality at workpiece two ends, make whole nitrogenize even, improve workpiece work-ing life; Workpiece is arranged outer tight interior dredging, and makes the workpiece nitrogenize of Internal and external cycle even, improves conforming product rate; Reduce temperature retention time of nitrogenization, reduce energy consumption; The nitrogenize quality is high, nitrided crankshaft antifatigue degree aggregative index is more than 380 ℅, on destructive test parameter in true operating load environment, over-all properties significantly promotes on, solidity to corrosion wear-resisting, high temperature resistant in hardness, bite-resistant, anti stick, removal machining stress, season stress, Wan Qu Ying Li ﹑ torsional stress and in engine; The gas distribution screen is set, gas mixture is fully reacted, greatly reduce the waste gas output, reduce the consumption of source gas, energy-conserving and environment-protective; Water coolant can supply worker's heating, bathing etc., reusable edible, low-carbon economy; Thermopair gos deep into furnace chamber by bottom, can obtain univers parameter more effectively, is convenient to adjust control.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the utility model embodiment 1 structural representation;
Fig. 2 is embodiment 1 bent axle distribution vertical view;
Fig. 3 is embodiment 2 negative electrode covering plate structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the cathode-workpiece structural representation;
Fig. 5 is the auxiliary hot plate wiring layout of embodiment 3;
Fig. 6 is embodiment 4 structural representations.
In figure: 1, body of heater; 2, interbedded water courage; 3, negative electrode cover plate; 4, sheath; 5, thermocouple probe; 6, negative electrode frock; 6.1, upper right cylinder; 6.2, lower right cylinder; 7, cathode disc; 8, positive contact; 9, furnace hearth plate; 10, water-in; 11, chassis pillar; 12, inlet mouth; 13, negative contact; 14, water outlet; 15, gas distribution screen; 16, negative electrode pillar; 17, extraction pipe; 18, bent axle; 19, auxiliary hot plate; 20, bleeding point.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present utility model is described further:
Embodiment 1:
As Fig. 1, 2, shown in 4, the present embodiment 1 comprises body of heater 1, furnace hearth plate 9, suspension hook is arranged at body of heater 1 top, convenient lifting body of heater 1, body of heater 1 fastens and forms furnace chamber with furnace hearth plate 9, cathode disc 7 is set in furnace chamber, cathode disc 7 connects furnace hearth plate 9 by chassis pillar 11, chassis pillar 11 is the mica material, negative electrode frock 6 is set on cathode disc 7, negative electrode pillar 16, the negative electrode frock is by upper right cylinder 6.1, lower right cylinder 6.2 forms, upper right cylinder 6.1 is coaxial with lower right cylinder 6.2, and upper right cylinder 6.1 diameters are less than lower right cylinder 6.2, upper right cylinder 6.1 external diameters and the bent axle 18 major part journal centre hole internal diameter couplings that are arranged on negative electrode frock 6, cathode disc 7 tops arrange negative electrode cover plate 3, negative electrode cover plate 3 supports by negative electrode pillar 16, negative electrode cover plate 3 sizes are less than or equal to cathode disc 7 sizes, body of heater 1 bottom arranges positive contact 8, coupled conductive component is as anode, cathode disc 7 connects negative contact 13, bent axle 18 workpiece mounted thereto etc. are as negative electrode.
Refrigerating unit comprises interbedded water courage 2, interbedded water courage 2 is arranged in body of heater 1, furnace hearth plate 9 interlayers, water-in 10 is set respectively on body of heater 1, furnace hearth plate 9, water outlet 14 is connected with interbedded water courage 2, water-in 10 arranges strong, middle ,Ruo tri-tunnel water inlets, can regulate flooding quantity according to actual condition, be convenient to control temperature in stove, the water-in 10 of body of heater 1 is arranged on bottom, water outlet 14 is arranged on top, body of heater 1 is obtained fully cooling.
The air inlet air-bleed system comprises inlet mouth 12, extraction pipe 17, extraction pipe 17 1 ends connect furnace hearth plate 9 centres, the other end go deep in furnace chamber and the end mouth of pipe higher than negative electrode cover plate 3 upper surfaces, inlet mouth 12 is arranged on furnace hearth plate 9, a plurality of inlet mouths 12 can be set, guarantee air input, gas distribution screen 15 is set between furnace hearth plate 9 and cathode disc 7, gas distribution screen 15 is the disk of middle perforate.
Thermocouple probe 5 is set on furnace hearth plate, and thermocouple probe 5 is deep in furnace chamber, about 1/2 place of bent axle 18, more effectively detects bulk temperature, be convenient to adjust control, and thermocouple probe 5 outer setting sheaths, protection thermocouple probe 5 is not affected by furnace atmosphere.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 3, on the present embodiment 2 cathode discs 7, cylindrical protrusions is set, cylindrical protrusions is corresponding with the layout of bent axle 18, makes bent axle 18 and cathode disc 7 spaced apart, strengthens the aura nitriding result.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in Figure 5, the auxiliary hot plate 19 of annular is installed in the middle of the present embodiment 3 bent axle 18 microcephaly's diameters of axle and the first main journal, is reduced the temperature difference of bent axle 18 ends and middle part, make aura more shrink in integral body concentrated, the reasonable homogeneity of current density improves.
Embodiment 4:
As shown in Figure 6, the air inlet air-bleed system of the present embodiment 4 comprises inlet mouth 12, bleeding point 20, inlet mouth 12 is arranged on body of heater 1 top, can arrange a plurality of, bleeding point 20 is arranged on furnace hearth plate 9 middle parts, and gas distribution screen 15 is set between furnace hearth plate 9 and cathode disc 7, and bleeding point 20 also can be set to extraction pipe 17, the mouth of pipe, below gas distribution screen 15, makes gas mixture be discharged from through fully reacting by gas distribution screen 15 sides.
During work, bent axle 18 to be processed is placed on negative electrode frock 6, body of heater 1 is lifted on furnace hearth plate 9, by extraction pipe 17 or bleeding point 20, air in furnace chamber is extracted out, by inlet mouth 12, pass into ammonia and carbon dioxide mix gas, switch on power, charged ion externally is accelerated under electric field action, collide the molecule of nitrogenous gas, make its ionization and decompose to produce the required nitrogen element of nitrogenize, the bombardment by ions of positively charged is as the workpiece surface of negative electrode, produce heat, workpiece is heated to needed nitriding temperature, the aura layer is along the profile of workpiece and form, make its surface be subject to uniform nitrogenize, extraction pipe 17 or bleeding point 20 are extracted reacted waste gas out, controlling nitridation time makes nitride layer reach the degree of depth needed, complete nitridation process.
Claims (10)
1. ion nitriding furnace, comprise body of heater (1), furnace hearth plate (9), refrigerating unit and air inlet air-bleed system, body of heater (1) fastens and forms furnace chamber with furnace hearth plate (9), it is characterized in that: cathode disc (7) is set in furnace chamber, cathode disc (7) connects furnace hearth plate (9) by chassis pillar (11), negative electrode frock (6), negative electrode pillar (16) are set on cathode disc (7), and cathode disc (7) top arranges negative electrode cover plate (3), and negative electrode cover plate (3) supports by negative electrode pillar (16).
2. ion nitriding furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described refrigerating unit comprises interbedded water courage (2), interbedded water courage (2) is arranged in body of heater (1), furnace hearth plate (9) interlayer, water-in (10) is set respectively on body of heater (1), furnace hearth plate (9), water outlet (14) is connected with interbedded water courage (2), water-in (10) arranges strong, middle ,Ruo tri-tunnels water inlets.
3. ion nitriding furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described air inlet air-bleed system comprises inlet mouth (12), extraction pipe (17), extraction pipe (17) one ends connect furnace hearth plate (9) middle part, the other end go deep in furnace chamber and the end mouth of pipe higher than negative electrode cover plate (3) upper surface, inlet mouth (12) is arranged on furnace hearth plate (9).
4. ion nitriding furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described air inlet air-bleed system comprises inlet mouth (12), bleeding point (20), inlet mouth (12) is arranged on body of heater (1) top, and bleeding point (20) is arranged on furnace hearth plate (9) middle part.
5. according to claim 1,3 or 4 described ion nitriding furnaces, it is characterized in that: gas distribution screen (15) is set between described furnace hearth plate (9) and cathode disc (7), and gas distribution screen (15) is the disk of middle perforate.
6. ion nitriding furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described negative electrode frock is that upper right cylinder (6.1), lower right cylinder (6.2) form, upper right cylinder (6.1) is coaxial with lower right cylinder (6.2), and upper right cylinder (6.1) diameter is less than lower right cylinder (6.2).
7. ion nitriding furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the auxiliary hot plate (19) of annular is set between described negative electrode cover plate (3) and cathode disc (7).
8. ion nitriding furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on described negative electrode cover plate (3), cylindrical protrusions is set.
9. according to the described ion nitriding furnace of claim 1 or 6, it is characterized in that: it is upper that described negative electrode frock (6) minute inner ring, centre circle, outer ring hoop are evenly arranged in cathode disc (7), is distributed in spacing between inner ring negative electrode frock (6) and the spacing between centre circle negative electrode frock (6) and is greater than the spacing be distributed between outer ring negative electrode frock (6).
10. ion nitriding furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: thermocouple probe (5) is set on described furnace hearth plate, and thermocouple probe (5) is deep into middle part, furnace chamber nitrogenize district.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013204130927U CN203307417U (en) | 2013-07-11 | 2013-07-11 | Ion nitriding furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013204130927U CN203307417U (en) | 2013-07-11 | 2013-07-11 | Ion nitriding furnace |
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| CN203307417U true CN203307417U (en) | 2013-11-27 |
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| CN2013204130927U Expired - Fee Related CN203307417U (en) | 2013-07-11 | 2013-07-11 | Ion nitriding furnace |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103334078A (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2013-10-02 | 滨州市东润机械有限公司 | Ion nitriding furnace |
| CN104831229A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2015-08-12 | 广西梧州运龙港船机械制造有限公司 | Ion nitriding process of marine crankshaft |
| CN104846325A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-08-19 | 广西梧州运龙港船机械制造有限公司 | Ion nitriding tool for marine crankshaft |
| CN105803466A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-07-27 | 陆川县南发厨具有限公司 | Cast iron inner container surface rustproof treatment process |
| CN113930715A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2022-01-14 | 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 | Ion nitriding method for small-module gear |
-
2013
- 2013-07-11 CN CN2013204130927U patent/CN203307417U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103334078A (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2013-10-02 | 滨州市东润机械有限公司 | Ion nitriding furnace |
| CN103334078B (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2015-12-02 | 滨州市东润机械有限公司 | ion nitriding furnace |
| CN104831229A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2015-08-12 | 广西梧州运龙港船机械制造有限公司 | Ion nitriding process of marine crankshaft |
| CN104846325A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-08-19 | 广西梧州运龙港船机械制造有限公司 | Ion nitriding tool for marine crankshaft |
| CN105803466A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-07-27 | 陆川县南发厨具有限公司 | Cast iron inner container surface rustproof treatment process |
| CN113930715A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2022-01-14 | 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 | Ion nitriding method for small-module gear |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20131127 Termination date: 20170711 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |