CN203289858U - Electromechanical-type leveling device of seedling raising precision seeder in fields - Google Patents

Electromechanical-type leveling device of seedling raising precision seeder in fields Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203289858U
CN203289858U CN2013201421437U CN201320142143U CN203289858U CN 203289858 U CN203289858 U CN 203289858U CN 2013201421437 U CN2013201421437 U CN 2013201421437U CN 201320142143 U CN201320142143 U CN 201320142143U CN 203289858 U CN203289858 U CN 203289858U
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worm
push rod
supporting leg
leveling
servomotor
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CN2013201421437U
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陈进
李建华
李耀明
龚智强
杭超
龚丽霞
季园园
王泽杰
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Jiangsu University
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Jiangsu University
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Abstract

The utility model discloses an electromechanical-type leveling device of a seedling raising precision seeder in fields, and relates to the field of agricultural machinery. The device comprises a PLC (programmable logic controller), a control switch box, a signal collecting unit, a support leg lifting system, an alarm unit and a horizontal state detecting unit. In leveling, firstly the numerical value of a level gauge is observed; and a servo motor is controlled to rotate by the PLC according to the corresponding leveling method, and further the lifting of the support legs is controlled so as to achieve accurate leveling of a seedling raising seeder in fields. The electromechanical-type leveling device of the seedling raising precision seeder in fields has the advantages that the electromechanical-type leveling device of the seedling raising precision seeder in fields is simple and convenient to operate, is safe and reliable in operation, is compact in structure, is rapid and accurate in leveling, and can improve the working efficiency of the precision seeder.

Description

A kind of field seedling raising precision planter electromechanical leveling device
Technical field
The utility model relates to the precision planter technical field of agricultural machinery, particularly a kind of precision planter of field seedling raising based on PLC controller electromechanical leveling device.
Background technology
Sowing is an important technical links in agricultural production process, and sower is the core component of realizing the mechanization precise sowing.In recent years, China's Super Rice Planting area constantly enlarges, with conventional rice, compare, super hybridization rice has the advantages such as plant type is tall and big, the stem stalk is sturdy, minute grain power is strong, big panicle many grains per panicle, all adopt sparse plantation, be conducive to that minute grain occurs and the individual plant growth, formation yielding Populations structure, every mu of average specific conventional Rice is planted 5000~7000 caves less.This has proposed higher standard to the sowing seedling-cultivation technique, requires seeding accuracy to be increased to 1~2/cave by 3~5/cave, and precise sowing has become the principal character of modern seeding technique.Air-sucking vibration plate type precision seeder for field seedling raising is to utilize kind of a disc vibration to make material form " quasi-fluid ", and seed is separated from each other, so that strength is inhaled kind of parts, completes precise sowing.At seed, require vibration seed tray to do up-down vibration in by throwing process, seed is done vertically and is moved up and down.Yet due to the difference of field operating mode, certainly exist the irregular situation of some places, this just needs a kind of level(l)ing device to make the sower vibration seed tray in seeding process, keep level.
Levelling device of the present utility model is a kind of device of electromechanical leveling based on the PLC controller, adopts the four-point supporting structure, controls the wherein lifting of three supporting legs and carries out leveling, can accurately realize the requirement of both direction angular adjustment.Device, in the leveling process, is at first installed the digital level meters of two angles on sower vibration seed tray crossbeam, level meter can instant playback x, the angle of inclination on two vertical direction of y axle.According to the leveling rule, determining needs the supporting leg of regulating, thereby by the rotation of controlling motor, controls the lifting of supporting leg, realizes the sower leveling, for realizing air suction vibration disc type field seedling raising precise sowing, provides condition.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is that a kind of field seedling raising precision planter electromechanical leveling device will be provided, but the adjusting of implementation space 2 D levelness meets the requirement that the sower vibration seed tray keeps level.
Realize that the technical solution of the utility model is: levelling device comprises PLC controller, gauge tap box, signal gathering unit, supporting leg jacking system, alarm unit and level detecting unit.
Four altogether of supporting leg jacking systems, be connected with the precision planter base cross members, rectangular being arranged symmetrically with; The input termination PLC controller output end of supporting leg jacking system; The supporting leg jacking system is comprised of frame connector, trip bolt, servomotor, motor servo driver, bracing frame, taper roll bearing, up stroke approach switch, movable block, plastic guide rail, down stroke approach switch, road wheel connector, bearing (ball) cover, worm gear, trip bolt, metal shell, rubber protecting jacket, leading screw, nut, support push rod, deep groove ball bearing, shaft coupling, fixing threaded hole, worm screw; Described frame connector is connected with the sower base cross members, with bolt, fixes; Metal shell is cylinder barrel shaped; Trip bolt is fixed on metal shell top by the frame connector; Trip bolt is fixed on the metal shell outside, and trip bolt is connected with fixing threaded hole; Servomotor is brushless DC servomotor, adopts closed-loop control, built-in brake; Bracing frame is screwed on metal shell, and servomotor is fixed on bracing frame; Servomotor is connected with worm screw through shaft coupling, and the driven by servomotor worm screw is rotated; Motor servo driver output servo motor termination input; Worm and wheel forms turbine and worm decelerator, and the expansion helical angle of worm screw is less than the equivalent friction angle between the worm and wormwheel engaging tooth, and Worm and worm-wheel gearing is the Worm and worm-wheel gearing with self-locking performance; Axle is fixedly connected with flat key with worm gear, and worm gear rotates the band moving axis and rotates, and axle is connected with leading screw, and leading screw and nut form screw nut driven mechanism, and leading screw stretches out outside metal shell; Worm gear, axle, leading screw and nut axis are on the same straight line; The support push rod is hollow cylinder, supports pushing rod sleeve outside leading screw, nut and the upper end welding of supporting push rod, and when nut moved, drive was supported push rod and is moved; Support lower end and the welding of road wheel connector of push rod, the road wheel connector is connected with the sower road wheel; Rubber protecting jacket is cylindrical tube shape, and rubber protecting jacket is enclosed within and supports outside push rod, and the upper end of rubber protecting jacket is connected with the metal shell lower end by seccotine; Plastic guide rail is fixed on the rubber protecting jacket outside by bracing frame, and the axis of plastic guide rail is parallel with the axis that supports push rod, supports the push rod lower end and is connected with movable block through connector; Movable block is placed in plastic guide rail, and the support push rod moves the drive movable block and moves in plastic guide rail; The movable block band is magnetic, at two ends, plastic guide rail up and down, up stroke approach switch and down stroke approach switch are housed respectively, the corresponding Upper-lower Limit position of supporting push rod, installation site, up stroke approach switch and down stroke approach switch are proximity Hall switch, up stroke approach switch and down stroke approach switch are fixed by screws on plastic guide rail, and connect with motor and motor power supply.
Described signal gathering unit is comprised of piezoelectric pressure indicator, strain-type torque sensor and modulate circuit, described piezoelectric pressure indicator adopts patch form to be arranged on the support push rod lower end of supporting leg jacking system, the strain-type torque sensor is installed on the junction between described and worm gear connecting axle and described leading screw, and the output of signal gathering unit connects the input of PLC controller; Alarm unit is LED lamp audible-visual annunciator, and the input of alarm unit connects the output of PLC controller; The level detecting unit adopts the two-dimensional numerals electrolevel, and described two-dimensional numerals electrolevel is fixed on sower vibration seed tray crossbeam; The driver input end that connects described servomotor connects the output of PLC controller.
Described gauge tap box connects the PLC controller, on the gauge tap box, has nine press buttones and a 8 positions to select rotary switch, gauge tap box output termination PLC controller input; Nine press buttones post respectively " the fast liter ", " rising slowly ", " falling soon ", " falling slowly ", " motor stops ", " leveling starts ", " the fault judgement is reported to the police and closed ", " empty leg Check processing closes ", " leveling end " nine labels, and press button all is furnished with the LED background light; The fast rise of " the fast liter " button control supporting leg; " rise slowly " rising at a slow speed of button control supporting leg; The fast-descending of button control supporting leg " falls " soon; The descending at slow speed of button control supporting leg " falls " slowly; " leveling starts " and " leveling end " button is controlled respectively beginning and the end of leveling main program; The end of " the fault judgement is reported to the police and closed " button control " the fault judgement is reported to the police " operation, the end of " empty leg Check processing closes " button control " empty leg Check processing " operation; 8 positions selects rotary switch to post respectively " No. 1 supporting leg ", " No. 2 supporting legs ", " No. 3 supporting legs ", " No. 4 supporting legs ", " 1, No. 2 supporting leg ", " 2, No. 4 supporting legs ", " 3, No. 4 supporting legs ", " 1, No. 3 supporting leg " eight labels, wherein rotary switch " No. 1 supporting leg " Position Control " No. 1 supporting leg " constant speed, equidirectional movement; Rotary switch " No. 2 supporting legs " Position Control " No. 2 supporting legs " constant speed, equidirectional movement; Rotary switch " No. 3 supporting legs " Position Control " No. 3 supporting legs " constant speed, equidirectional movement; Rotary switch " No. 4 supporting legs " Position Control " No. 4 supporting legs " constant speed, equidirectional movement; Rotary switch " 1, No. 2 supporting leg " Position Control " 1, No. 2 supporting leg " constant speed, equidirectional movement; Rotary switch " 2, No. 4 supporting legs " Position Control " 2, No. 4 supporting legs " constant speed, equidirectional movement; Rotary switch " 3, No. 4 supporting legs " Position Control " 3, No. 4 supporting legs " constant speed, equidirectional movement; Rotary switch " 1, No. 3 supporting leg " Position Control " 1, No. 3 supporting leg " constant speed, equidirectional movement.
The software of levelling device comprises main program, fault judgement warning subprogram, signals collecting subprogram, Electric Machine Control subprogram, " empty leg " Check processing subprogram and warning subprogram.The signals collecting subprogram is for controlled pressure sensors measure pressure value and control torque sensor measurement torque value, and the warning subprogram is reported to the police for starting audible-visual annunciator.The Electric Machine Control subprogram is by controlling motor servo driver, thus the control servomotor.Main program content: after System self-test is normal, call fault judgement warning subprogram, after fault judgement alarm operation finishes, call " empty leg " Check processing subprogram.After " empty leg " Check processing EO, if receive halt instruction, main program finishes, and leveling completes.If do not receive halt instruction, main program returns, and re invocation fault judgement warning subprogram, until receive halt instruction.Fault judgement warning subprogram, by analyzing torque value, judges whether transmission mechanism breaks down, and determines whether report to the police." empty leg " Check processing subprogram, by analyzing the supporting leg pressure value, judges whether to exist " empty leg ", and " empty leg " is normally landed.
The utility model has the advantage of:
(1) levelling device simple in structure, easy to operate, be easy to control, the leveling time is short, accuracy is high;
(2) levelling device compact conformation, adopt motor to drive, high efficiency, and can adapt to the leveling under adverse circumstances;
(3), during leveling, when angle of inclination, during greater than setting value, by gauge tap, control the supporting leg fast moving.Less than when setting value, supporting leg moves at a slow speed, has not only shortened the leveling time, and is conducive to improve the accuracy of leveling when angle;
(4) mechanical support drive technology and signals collecting control technology are combined, strengthened practicality and the reliability of this device.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is precision planter electromechanical leveling device basic composition figure.
Fig. 2 is that level meter is installed and the supporting leg schematic layout pattern.
Fig. 3 is supporting leg mechanism structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is motor and connecting-piece structure schematic diagram thereof.
Fig. 5 is the leveling main program flow chart.
Fig. 6 is fault judgement warning subroutine flow chart.
Fig. 7 is " empty leg " Check processing subroutine flow chart.
in figure: 1--frame connector, the 2--trip bolt, the 3--servomotor, the 4--bracing frame, the 5--taper roll bearing, the 6--torque sensor, 7--up stroke approach switch, the 8--movable block, the 9--plastic guide rail, 10--down stroke approach switch, 11--road wheel connector, the 12--bearing (ball) cover, the 13--worm gear, the 14--trip bolt, the 15--metal shell, the 16--rubber protecting jacket, the 17--leading screw, the 18--nut, 19--supports push rod, the 20--pressure sensor, the 21--deep groove ball bearing, the 22--shaft coupling, the 23--fixing threaded hole, the 24--worm screw.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the air-sucking vibration plate type precision seeder levelling device comprises control module, signal gathering unit, supporting leg jacking system, alarm unit and level detecting unit.Control module is comprised of PLC controller and modulate circuit, and the PLC controller is connected with the 24V dc source on sower; Signal gathering unit is comprised of piezoelectric pressure indicator 20, strain-type torque sensor 6 and modulate circuit.the supporting leg jacking system is by frame connector 1, trip bolt 2, motor servo driver, servomotor 3, bracing frame 4, taper roll bearing 5, up stroke approach switch 7, movable block 8, plastic guide rail 9, down stroke approach switch 10, road wheel connector 11, bearing (ball) cover 12, worm gear 13, trip bolt 14, metal shell 15, rubber protecting jacket 16, leading screw 17, nut 18, support push rod 19, deep groove ball bearing 21, shaft coupling 22, fixing threaded hole 23, worm screw 24, the compositions such as gauge tap box, strain pressure transducer 20 adopts patch form to be arranged on and supports push rod 19 lower ends, and torque sensor 6 is installed between Worm and worm-wheel gearing and screw nut driven mechanism, the input of signal gathering unit output termination PLC controller, alarm unit is LED lamp audible-visual annunciator, alarm unit input termination PLC output, the level detecting unit adopts the two-dimensional numerals electrolevel.
As shown in Figure 2, level meter is fixed on sower vibration seed tray crossbeam, can instant playback x, tilt angle alpha, β on two vertical direction of y axle.Adopt " four-point supporting " four symmetrical rectangular arrangement of supporting leg.The x axle that shows according to level meter, y direction of principal axis inclination angle positive and negative, can determine the highest supporting leg, and concrete dicision rules is as shown in the table: work as α > 0, β > 0 o'clock, the highest supporting leg is No. 2 legs; Work as α > 0, β<0, the highest supporting leg is No. 4 legs; As α<0, β > 0, the highest supporting leg is No. 1 leg; When α<0, β<0, the highest supporting leg is No. 3 legs.
Figure 19735DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Fig. 5 is the leveling main program flow chart.Press " leveling starts " button on the gauge tap box, main program starts, and program initialization, until System self-test is normal.Call fault judgement warning subprogram, when carrying out fault judgement alarm operation, operating personnel, according to the level meter registration, carry out supporting leg lifting leveling operation.After fault judgement alarm operation finishes, call " empty leg " Check processing subprogram.After " empty leg " Check processing EO, if press " leveling end " button, leveling completes.If do not press " leveling end " button, system re-starts calls fault judgement warning sub-routine operation, until press " leveling end " button, main program finishes.
Fig. 6 is fault judgement warning subroutine flow chart.Program circuit: at first call signal gathers subprogram, measures the transmission mechanism moment of torsion, then torque value is judged, processes.When torque value, greater than when setting value, call the Electric Machine Control subprogram, make motor stalling, then call the warning subprogram, audible-visual annunciator is reported to the police.When torque value is less than or equal to maximum set value, the transmission mechanism fault-free is described, do not report to the police.Fault judgement alarm operation can repeat always, until press " the fault judgement is reported to the police and closed " button, EO.
Fig. 7 is " empty leg " Check processing subroutine flow chart.Program circuit: at first call signal gathers subprogram, measures transmission mechanism torque value and pressure of support leg value, then measured value is judged, processes.When torque value, greater than when setting value, call the Electric Machine Control subprogram, make motor stalling, then call the warning subprogram, audible-visual annunciator is reported to the police.When torque value is less than or equal to maximum set value, force value is judged, processes.If force value less than when setting value, illustrate that supporting leg is " empty leg ", does not normally land.Call the Electric Machine Control subprogram, make supporting leg decline 1cm; If force value more than or equal to when setting value, illustrates that supporting leg normally lands, do not carry out any operation." empty leg " Check processing operation can repeat always, until press " empty leg Check processing closes " button, EO.
Concrete leveling process is as follows:
(1) press " leveling starts " button on the gauge tap box, leveling starts;
(2) registration of eye-level instrument, in conjunction with the dicision rules of high supporting leg, determine the highest supporting leg.Suppose that the highest supporting leg is supporting leg 1 (other supporting legs is that the situation of peak is similar), according to the registration of level meter, can carry out respectively the axial adjusting of x, y.As first carried out the adjusting of x direction of principal axis, its process is that supporting leg 1,3 is motionless, supporting leg 2,4 same displacement that rises simultaneously, and namely work system is the axis rotation around supporting leg 1,3.Supporting leg 2,4 rises simultaneously, moment eye-level instrument registration, until | α |<4 °, can think that the x axle is the level of state this moment.This process is divided into coarse adjustment and accurate adjustment, namely when the X-direction angle of inclination | α | > 10 ° times, the system coarse adjustment, 8 positions selects rotary switch to rotate to " 2, No. 4 legs " position, presses " the fast liter " button.At this moment, the responsiveness of supporting leg is very fast; When the X-direction angle of inclination | α | in the time of<10 °, the system accurate adjustment, press " rising slowly " button, and the responsiveness of supporting leg is slower.When | α | in the time of<4 °, press " motor stops " button on the gauge tap box, the supporting leg stop motion, can think that the x axle is the level of state this moment.The y direction of principal axis is regulated and to be regulated similarly with the x direction of principal axis, and its process is that supporting leg 1,2 is motionless, supporting leg 3,4 same displacement that rises simultaneously, and namely work system is rotated for axis around supporting leg 1,2.Supporting leg 3,4 rises simultaneously, moment eye-level instrument registration, until | β |<4 °, can think that the y axle is the level of state this moment, and this process also is divided into coarse adjustment and accurate adjustment.When the x axle, when the y axle all is the level of state, can think sower leveling this moment.In the leveling process, if there is audible-visual annunciator, report to the police, will shut down and look for out of order reason, repaired;
(3) press " the fault judgement is reported to the police and closed " button, the operation of " empty leg " Check processing starts.If supporting leg descends, illustrate and have " empty leg ", when each supporting leg transfixion, press " empty leg Check processing closes " button, " empty leg " Check processing EO.In this process, if there is audible-visual annunciator, report to the police, will shut down and look for out of order reason, repaired;
(4) eye-level instrument registration, if due to the coupling between each supporting leg or other reason, cause the run-off the straight again of sower vibration seed tray.Repeat (2), (3) operation, until meet the leveling standard;
(5) press " leveling end " button on the gauge tap box, leveling finishes.
Field seedling raising precision planter electromechanical leveling device based on the PLC controller, can meet the requirement of precision planter vibration seed tray level-off, for realizing air suction vibration disc type field seedling raising precise sowing, provides condition.This device is easy to operate, leveling accurate, the leveling time is short and precision is higher, can realize the requirement of level-off under adverse circumstances, can also be applied to other leveling occasion.

Claims (1)

1. a field seedling raising precision planter electromechanical leveling device, is characterized in that: comprise PLC controller, gauge tap box, signal gathering unit, supporting leg jacking system, alarm unit and level detecting unit;
four altogether of supporting leg jacking systems, be connected with the precision planter base cross members, rectangular being arranged symmetrically with, the input termination PLC controller output end of supporting leg jacking system, the supporting leg jacking system is by frame connector (1), trip bolt (2), servomotor (3), motor servo driver, bracing frame (4), taper roll bearing (5), up stroke approach switch (7), movable block (8), plastic guide rail (9), down stroke approach switch (10), road wheel connector (11), bearing (ball) cover (12), worm gear (13), trip bolt (14), metal shell (15), rubber protecting jacket (16), leading screw (17), nut (18), support push rod (19), deep groove ball bearing (21), shaft coupling (22), fixing threaded hole (23), worm screw (24) forms, described frame connector (1) is connected with the sower base cross members, with bolt, fixes, metal shell (15) is cylinder barrel shaped, trip bolt (2) is fixed on metal shell (15) top by frame connector (1), trip bolt (14) is fixed on metal shell (15) outside, and trip bolt (14) is connected with fixing threaded hole (23), servomotor (3) is brushless DC servomotor, adopts closed-loop control, built-in brake, bracing frame (4) is screwed at metal shell (15) upper, and servomotor (3) is fixed on bracing frame (4), servomotor (3) is connected with worm screw (24) through shaft coupling (22), and servomotor (3) drives worm screw (24) and rotates, motor servo driver output servo motor termination (3) input, worm screw (24) forms turbine and worm decelerator with worm gear (13), and the expansion helical angle of worm screw (24) is less than the equivalent friction angle between the worm and wormwheel engaging tooth, and Worm and worm-wheel gearing is the Worm and worm-wheel gearing with self-locking performance, axle is fixedly connected with flat key with worm gear (13), and worm gear (13) rotates the band moving axis and rotates, and axle is connected with leading screw (17), and leading screw (17) forms screw nut driven mechanism with nut (18), and leading screw (17) stretches out outside metal shell (15), worm gear (13), axle, leading screw (17) and nut (18) four axis are on the same straight line, supporting push rod (19) is hollow cylinder, supports push rod (19) and is enclosed within outside leading screw (17), and the upper end welding of nut (18) and support push rod (19), when nut (18) is mobile, drives support push rod (19) and move, support lower end and road wheel connector (11) welding of push rod (19), road wheel connector (11) is connected with the sower road wheel, rubber protecting jacket (16) is cylindrical tube shape, and rubber protecting jacket (16) is enclosed within and supports outside push rod (19), and the upper end of rubber protecting jacket (16) is connected with metal shell (15) lower end by seccotine, plastic guide rail (9) is fixed on rubber protecting jacket (16) outside by bracing frame, and the axis of plastic guide rail (9) is parallel with the axis that supports push rod (19), supports push rod (19) lower end and is connected with movable block (8) through connector, movable block (8) is placed in plastic guide rail (9), supports the mobile movable block (8) that drives of push rod (19) and moves in plastic guide rail (9), movable block (8) band is magnetic, at two ends, plastic guide rail (9) up and down, up stroke approach switch (7) and down stroke approach switch (10) are housed respectively, the corresponding Upper-lower Limit position of supporting push rod (19), installation site, up stroke approach switch (7) and down stroke approach switch (10) are proximity Hall switch, it is upper that up stroke approach switch (7) and down stroke approach switch (10) are fixed by screws in plastic guide rail (9), and connect with motor and motor power supply,
Described signal gathering unit is comprised of piezoelectric pressure indicator (20), strain-type torque sensor (6) and modulate circuit, described piezoelectric pressure indicator (20) adopts patch form to be arranged on support push rod (19) lower end of supporting leg jacking system, strain-type torque sensor (6) is installed on the junction between described and worm gear connecting axle and described leading screw (17), and the output of signal gathering unit connects the input of PLC controller; Alarm unit is LED lamp audible-visual annunciator, and the input of alarm unit connects the output of PLC controller; The level detecting unit adopts the two-dimensional numerals electrolevel, and described two-dimensional numerals electrolevel is fixed on sower vibration seed tray crossbeam; The driver input end that connects described servomotor (3) connects the output of PLC controller; Described gauge tap box connects the PLC controller.
CN2013201421437U 2013-03-27 2013-03-27 Electromechanical-type leveling device of seedling raising precision seeder in fields Withdrawn - After Issue CN203289858U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103141187A (en) * 2013-03-27 2013-06-12 江苏大学 Electromechanical-type leveling device of seedling raising precision planter on farms
CN105043783A (en) * 2015-06-12 2015-11-11 焦作大学 Electromechanical leveling test system based on single-chip microcomputer

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103141187A (en) * 2013-03-27 2013-06-12 江苏大学 Electromechanical-type leveling device of seedling raising precision planter on farms
CN103141187B (en) * 2013-03-27 2015-06-10 江苏大学 Electromechanical-type leveling device of seedling raising precision planter on farms
CN105043783A (en) * 2015-06-12 2015-11-11 焦作大学 Electromechanical leveling test system based on single-chip microcomputer

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