CN203269555U - Apparatus for preparing hydrogen chloride by using roasting method - Google Patents
Apparatus for preparing hydrogen chloride by using roasting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN203269555U CN203269555U CN 201220745138 CN201220745138U CN203269555U CN 203269555 U CN203269555 U CN 203269555U CN 201220745138 CN201220745138 CN 201220745138 CN 201220745138 U CN201220745138 U CN 201220745138U CN 203269555 U CN203269555 U CN 203269555U
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- sulfuric acid
- reaction
- hydrogen chloride
- hydrogenchloride
- tower
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an apparatus for preparing hydrogen chloride by using a roasting method. The apparatus comprises sodium chloride, concentrated sulfuric acid, a fuel, a decomposition chamber, replacement emptying, mirabilite, anhydrous sodium sulfate, cold water, a quartz cooler, sulfuric acid, hydrogen chloride, and a separation tower, wherein the sodium chloride and the concentrated sulfuric acid are added to a roasting furnace, replacement emptying is performed, the fuel is added, decomposition is performed during heating in the decomposition chamber, the material feeding port is sealed, heating is performed, the temperature is gradually increased to produce gaseous HCl, the gaseous HCl enters the quartz cooler, the cooler is cooled with the cold water, the obtained material enters the separation tower filled with coke, sulfur is removed on the lower portion of the tower, hydrogen chloride is discharged from the upper portion of the tower, the solid state mirabilite is taken out after the reaction is completed, Na2SO4 produced after the reaction is taken out from the bottom so as to obtain the anhydrous mirabilite (anhydrous sodium sulfate), a sulfuric acid object with a boiling point higher than hydrochloric acid is adopted to decompose sodium chloride at a temperature of 120-150 DEG C, and the temperature is increased to 650-800 DEG C to produce hydrogen chloride. The apparatus has characteristics of reasonable preparation process and simple production, and is the easiest ideal hydrogen chloride preparation technology.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of Chemicals, and particularly a kind of technology that adopts roasting method to prepare hydrogenchloride, be suitable for producing hydrogenchloride.
Background technology
Hydrogenchloride is the important form that exists of chlorine element, is also very important Chemicals and raw material.Mainly for the production of PVC, urethane, epoxy resin, organosilicon, synthetic rubber, fluorochlorohydrocarbon, TiO2 coating and some agrochemicals, material of construction and some pharmaceutical preparations etc.
When Chemical Manufacture consumes chlorine in a large number, usually produce equimolar hydrogen chloride gas, so hydrogenchloride is industrial a kind of common by product.And HCl is a kind of low price, very unmanageable chemical, used adopt water absorption method make that hydrochloric acid is sold or with in alkali lye with rear discharging.HCl is directly changed into Cl2 be used, realize the recycle of chlorine element in industrial system and the zero release of reaction process, bring huge economic benefit, meet the general requirement of contemporary resource recycling social development.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved in the utility model is, overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, and original technology is to obtain hydrogenchloride, adopts this law greatly to enhance productivity, and this device provides a kind of equipment and technique.This technology not only technique is reasonable, and has solved the problem of producing hydrogenchloride.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model is: a kind of device that adopts roasting method to prepare hydrogenchloride is characterized in that comprising: 1, sodium-chlor and the vitriol oil; 2, fuel; 3, decomposition chamber; 4, displacement is emptying; 5, saltcake; 6, Sodium sulfate anhydrous.min(99); 7, cold water; 8, quartzy water cooler; 9, sulfuric acid; 10, hydrogenchloride; 11, knockout tower; 1 sodium-chlor and the vitriol oil are joined in roasting furnace, after 4 displacements are emptying, adding 2 fuel to add at 3 decomposition chambers hankers decomposing, the sealing charging opening, heating, heating up gradually namely has gaseous state HCl to enter in 8 quartzy water coolers, enters 11 knockout towers (in fill out coke) after water cooler is cooling with 7 cold water, lower tower is removed sulphur, and upper tower goes out hydrogenchloride.After reaction finishes, solid-state 5 saltcake are taken out the Na that generates after reaction
2SO
4Taken out by the bottom, get 6 Sodium sulfate anhydrous.min(99) (thenardite).
Roasting method described in the utility model prepares the device of hydrogenchloride, and sulfuric acid thing wherein is sulfuric acid or sodium pyrosulfate.
The utility model adopts roasting method to prepare the technology of hydrogenchloride, and the roasting genealogy of law utilizes the boiling point sulfuric acid higher than hydrochloric acid to decompose salt, produces hydrogenchloride.This method is normally carried out in stoving oven because need at high temperature react.
(1) principle
This method is based on the reaction of salt and sulfuric acid, and its reaction formula is
2NaCl + H
2SO
4 Na
2SO
4 + 2HCl
This reacts completely is ionic reaction, in fact is divided into for two steps to carry out, and the first step is
NaCl + H
2SO
4 
NaHSO
4 + HCl
This reaction does not need high temperature, and heating (about 150 ℃), can complete a little.React at this temperature and can not proceed again, can only generate sodium pyrosulfate and hydrogenchloride.But when temperature continues to be elevated to more than 600 ℃, can carry out the second step reaction, its reaction formula is
NaHSO
4 + NaCl
Na
2SO
4 + HCl
This temperature of reaction is well on 650 ℃ of left and right, completes to 800 ℃.In reaction process, sulfuric acid concentration used is at 60 ° of Be(degree Beaume) left and right.
This shows, sodium pyrosulfate also can be used to produce hydrogenchloride.
When sulfuric acid process was made nitric acid, its by-product NaHSO4 can be used for making hydrochloric acid, as the following formula reaction, therefore NaHSO4 also claims niter cake.The neutral sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) that makes often is called salt-cake, or claims saltcake, and its anhydrous compound is called again Sodium sulfate anhydrous.min(99).Sodium sulfate anhydrous.min(99) is used for dyestuffs industries, is important chemical industry raw material.The reaction formula of the heat effect of sulfuric acid and salt is
2NaCl + H
2SO
4 
Na
2SO
4+ 2HCl +Q1
This reaction is thermo-negative reaction, and temperature variation is little on the reaction impact.But because sulfuric acid has dehydration, the heat effect of reaction is relevant in the sulfuric acid concentration that uses.Sulfuric acid concentration is lower, and heat consumption is larger.
Using 100% H
2SO
4, when temperature of reaction is t ℃, heat effect Q/[kcal/(gmol)] available following formula calculating: Q1=-16.3+0.015t
At the sulfuric acid that uses 93%, when temperature of reaction is t ℃, heat effect Q/[kcal/(gmol)] available following formula calculating: Q2=-23.9+0.019 2t
Can calculate with above-mentioned two formulas, in the time of 25 ℃, Q1=-15.8 kcal/(gmol), Q, 2=-23.4 kcal/(gmol).
Be it seems by above situation, after the reaction mixture heating, reaction can be carried out smoothly.
With the exception of this, temperature of reaction also affects the form of salt-cake.According to the difference of temperature of reaction, the sodium sulfate of generation can with all staying in liquid phase, also can partly be the acid-salt crystallization.The composition of its acid-salt is as follows:
2 Na
2SO
4·9 H
2SO
4，H
2SO
4·2H
2SO
4，H
2SO
4·H2SO4（NaHSO
4）,
3Na
2SO
4·H
2SO
4[Na
3H(SO
4)
2]
Can make Na at last
2SO
4Crystallization.
The solubleness of sodium sulfate in sulfuric acid, Yin Wendu is different and different, for example in the time of 0 ℃, solubleness is the 4%(massfraction); During to 186 ℃, solubleness namely reaches 59%, and when temperature was elevated to 270 ℃, solubleness was increased to 67%; Thereafter temperature continues to raise, but the rising of solubleness turns slow at once.
In manufacturing processed, if NaCl has 1/3rd to react, below 109 ℃ the time, the total overall reaction thing can condense into crystalline mixture Na
2SO
42H
2SO
4If the transformation efficiency of NaCl reaches 50%, its temperature is below 186 ℃, salt and NaHSO
4Solidify.When transformation efficiency reaches 75%, temperature is below 270 ℃ the time, and reactant can all condense, and generates remaining NaCl and [Na
3H (SO
4)
2The lump that consists of.
When temperature was elevated to more than 270 ℃, the hydrogen sulfate trisodium melted at once, generated acidic solution and continued to act on mutually with remaining NaCl, formed at last neutral sodium sulfate.
(2) flow process and main technologic parameters
Production process is batch production, namely adds quantitative sodium-chlor and the vitriol oil in Reaktionsofen (stoving oven), the sealing charging opening, and heating, heating up gradually namely has gaseous state HCl to flow out from vapor pipe.After reaction finishes, solid-state saltcake is taken out.As shown below.NaCl and sulfuric acid or NaHSO4 are placed in decomposing furnace, react and generate HCl and Na
2SO
4The HCl that generates after quartzy chiller water is cooling, enters knockout tower (in fill out coke), removes the sulfuric acid that brings.In decomposing furnace, the Na that generates after reaction
2SO
4Taken out by the bottom, get Sodium sulfate anhydrous.min(99) (thenardite).
Technique of the present utility model is reasonable, makes simply, and be the easiest desirable technique of preparation of hydrogen chloride.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is that roasting method prepares the hydrogenchloride principle schematic.Wherein 1, sodium-chlor and the vitriol oil; 2, fuel; 3, decomposition chamber; 4, displacement is emptying; 5, saltcake; 6, Sodium sulfate anhydrous.min(99); 7, cold water; 8, quartzy water cooler; 9, sulfuric acid; 10, hydrogenchloride; 11, knockout tower.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the utility model is described, the scheme of embodiment described here, do not limit the utility model, one of skill in the art can make improvements and change according to spirit of the present utility model, described these improvement and variation all should be considered as in scope of the present utility model, and scope of the present utility model and essence are limited by claim.
Embodiment 1
A kind of device that adopts roasting method to prepare hydrogenchloride is characterized in that comprising: 1, sodium-chlor and the vitriol oil; 2, fuel; 3, decomposition chamber; 4, displacement is emptying; 5, saltcake; 6, Sodium sulfate anhydrous.min(99); 7, cold water; 8, quartzy water cooler; 9, sulfuric acid; 10, hydrogenchloride; 11, knockout tower; 1 sodium-chlor and the vitriol oil are joined in roasting furnace, after 4 displacements are emptying, adding 2 fuel to add at 3 decomposition chambers hankers decomposing, the sealing charging opening, heating, heating up gradually namely has gaseous state HCl to enter in 8 quartzy water coolers, enters 11 knockout towers (in fill out coke) after water cooler is cooling with 7 cold water, lower tower is removed sulphur, and upper tower goes out hydrogenchloride.After the reaction end, solid-state 5 saltcake are taken out, the Na2SO4 that generates after reaction is taken out by the bottom, gets 6 Sodium sulfate anhydrous.min(99) (thenardite).
A kind of device that adopts roasting method to prepare hydrogenchloride is characterized in that comprising: 1, sodium-chlor and the vitriol oil; 2, fuel; 3, decomposition chamber; 4, displacement is emptying; 5, saltcake; 6, Sodium sulfate anhydrous.min(99); 7, cold water; 8, quartzy water cooler; 9, sulfuric acid; 10, hydrogenchloride; 11, knockout tower; 1 sodium-chlor and the vitriol oil are joined in roasting furnace, after 4 displacements are emptying, adding 2 fuel to add at 3 decomposition chambers hankers decomposing, the sealing charging opening, heating, heating up gradually namely has gaseous state HCl to enter in 8 quartzy water coolers, enters 11 knockout towers after water cooler is cooling with 7 cold water, lower tower is removed sulphur, and upper tower goes out hydrogenchloride.After the reaction end, solid-state 5 saltcake are taken out, the Na2SO4 that generates after reaction is taken out by the bottom, gets 6 Sodium sulfate anhydrous.min(99)
Claims (1)
1. device that adopts roasting method to prepare hydrogenchloride, it is characterized in that comprising: sodium-chlor and the vitriol oil (1), fuel (2), decomposition chamber (3), replace emptying (4), saltcake (5), Sodium sulfate anhydrous.min(99) (6), cold water (7), quartzy water cooler (8), sulfuric acid (9), hydrogenchloride (10), knockout tower (11); Sodium-chlor and the vitriol oil (1) are joined in roasting furnace, after the self-purchased sky (4) that changes gear, add fuel (2) to add at decomposition chamber (3) and hanker decomposing, the sealing charging opening, heating, heating up gradually namely has gaseous state HCl to enter in quartzy water cooler (8), fills out coke knockout tower (11) in entering after water cooler is cooling with cold water (7), and lower tower is removed sulphur, upper tower goes out hydrogenchloride, after reaction finishes, solid-state saltcake (5) is taken out the Na that generates after reaction
2SO
4Taken out by the bottom, get thenardite Sodium sulfate anhydrous.min(99) (6).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220745138 CN203269555U (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2012-12-31 | Apparatus for preparing hydrogen chloride by using roasting method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220745138 CN203269555U (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2012-12-31 | Apparatus for preparing hydrogen chloride by using roasting method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203269555U true CN203269555U (en) | 2013-11-06 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220745138 Expired - Fee Related CN203269555U (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2012-12-31 | Apparatus for preparing hydrogen chloride by using roasting method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113149038A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-23 | 浙江龙盛集团股份有限公司 | Resource utilization method for treating industrial mixed waste salt by using sulfuric acid |
-
2012
- 2012-12-31 CN CN 201220745138 patent/CN203269555U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113149038A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-23 | 浙江龙盛集团股份有限公司 | Resource utilization method for treating industrial mixed waste salt by using sulfuric acid |
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|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20131106 Termination date: 20141231 |
|
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |