CN203259622U - Branch circuit inspection module of transformer station DC system microcomputer insulation monitoring device - Google Patents
Branch circuit inspection module of transformer station DC system microcomputer insulation monitoring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN203259622U CN203259622U CN 201320214241 CN201320214241U CN203259622U CN 203259622 U CN203259622 U CN 203259622U CN 201320214241 CN201320214241 CN 201320214241 CN 201320214241 U CN201320214241 U CN 201320214241U CN 203259622 U CN203259622 U CN 203259622U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a branch circuit inspection module of a transformer station DC system microcomputer insulation monitoring device, which adopts a method of injecting a low-frequency small signal into a bus and utilizes a technique of generating a sine wave through direct oscillation between a current transformer and an outer capacitor for detecting. A circuit protection device and a filtering device for high-frequency interference signal are arranged. The number of monitored branched circuits is set to smaller than 90. The devices are arranged to isolated from the sensor. The branch circuit inspection module can perform on-line inspection on each output feed line loop of a DC system and accurately detect a grounding failure part of the DC system, so that the maintenance personnel find and eliminate DC grounding failure conveniently, quickly and safely, and ensuring safe and reliable operation of the DC system. Furthermore a liquid crystal screen is adopted for displaying. The branch circuit inspection module of the transformer station DC system microcomputer insulation monitoring device further has the following advantages: simple operation, easy learning and easy use.
Description
Technical field
The utility model discloses a kind of transformer station direct current system microcomputer insulation monitoring and warning device branch road polling module, relate to the insulation detection technique, belong to power system automatic field.
Background technology
The straight-flow system of generating plant and transformer station provides power supply for various monitoring and protection equipment and operation circuit.The quality of its operation conditions is directly connected to the generating plant and can transformer station normally move; the straight-flow system insulation reduces and grounding is one of modal fault of straight-flow system; if can not in time find and get rid of; will cause direct supply short circuit or protection equipment malfunction to do or the tripping work when multipoint earthing occurring in system, will lead to grave consequences.Due to the straight-flow system complex circuit, this has brought certain difficulty to finding out earth point as early as possible.At present, have on the market many insulating monitorings line selection apparatus along separate routes, its principle that adopts has Leakage Method, frequency variation method usually.Frequency variation method need to add the low frequency detection signal in bus, pass ac sensor (mutual inductor) at the positive and negative bus of every road feeder line output.Because positive and negative bus passes mutual inductor simultaneously, thus can not produce remanent magnetism when working, and Leakage Method can produce the remanent magnetism phenomenon, cause measuring error, even false alarm, and the mutual inductor of the hall principle that adopts needs external power supply, makes troubles to practical application.Because the rush of current in dc bus is essential, especially power closing bus bar, perhaps when the bus accidental short circuit, powerful electric current passes through mutual inductor, can at the huge pulse shock signal of the secondary generation of mutual inductor, cause device to break down even badly damaged.
Domestic a lot of large-scale substations all adopt the method for this low frequency injection to come the detection branch Grounding now, because the signal that current transformer produces is very faint, be subject to the interference of external environment condition, particularly at large-scale substation, its internal electromagnetic environment is very complicated, so process more difficult to the signal of this part.When grounding is arranged, the insulation mainboard is through two capacitive coupling, with the low-frequency signal injection positive and negative busbar, low frequency signal passes through current transformer, produce feeble signal, substantially all be by transformer, feeble signal to be coupled to the input end of amplifying circuit in the ratio of 1:1 in the past, the effect of transformer here is mainly isolation and produces vibration formation sine wave.When bus closes a floodgate or other fortuitous events can produce momentary pulse when producing instantaneous large-currents by current transformer, cause breaking-up can for like this circuit of back, so just can play buffer action with transformer; Can produce vibration by the telefault in transformer and several electric capacity forms sinusoidal wave.Adopt the problem above transformer coupled certain solution, but it easily is disturbed, special in the place of electromagnetic environment complexity (large-scale substation), and undesired signal is coupled to the input end of amplifying circuit, thereby cause false alarm, bring unnecessary trouble for the work of transformer station, and volume of transformer is large, brings difficulty for the design of integrated circuit.
Summary of the invention
The branch road detection module of the disclosed a kind of straight-flow system microcomputer insulation monitoring and warning device of the utility model adopts method from the low frequency small-signal to bus that inject, and utilize current transformer and external capacitor directly to vibrate to produce sinusoidal wave technology and detect, a monitoring way is designed to below 90 the tunnel, install and the sensor isolation design, so greatly improved anti-interference and the practicality of detection module.
In order to realize above-mentioned technique effect, the utility model has adopted following technical scheme: a kind of transformer station direct current system microcomputer insulation monitoring and warning device branch road polling module comprises tributary card module, oscillatory circuit, operational amplifier, rectifier filer, AD data acquisition unit, single-chip microcomputer, photo-coupler, insulation mainboard, the aobvious module of key; The tributary card module connects oscillatory circuit, operational amplifier, rectifier filer, AD data acquisition unit, single-chip microcomputer, photo-coupler, insulation mainboard, the aobvious module of key successively; Described tributary card module arranges n road branch road, and n is natural number, and each road branch road comprises current transformer and relay, and described oscillatory circuit comprises the first electric capacity, the second electric capacity, the 3rd electric capacity, a 2AP9 germanium tube, the 2nd 2AP9 germanium tube, resistance; Wherein, the first electric capacity and the second capacitances in series, the positive pole of the first electric capacity is connected with the negative electrode of a 2AP9 germanium tube, the anode of the 2nd 2AP9 germanium tube, an end of the 3rd electric capacity, an end of resistance respectively; The negative pole of the second electric capacity is connected with the anode of a 2AP9 germanium tube, the negative electrode of the 2nd 2AP9 germanium tube, the other end of the 3rd electric capacity, the other end of resistance respectively, and the inductance in described current transformer and the first electric capacity, the second electric capacity form the loop and produces the LC vibration.
Further, in described oscillatory circuit, the oscillation frequency of LC oscillation circuit matches with the frequency of the low-frequency voltage signal that injects to the transformer station direct current system bus.
Further, the low-frequency voltage signal that injects to the transformer station direct current system bus is 21.8Hz, and the size of the first electric capacity and the second electric capacity is 47 microfarads.
Further, in described AD data acquisition unit, the BUSY of data acquisition chip is connected with the CLK mouth to be connected with timer with the external interrupt 0 of single-chip microcomputer and mouthful is connected.
Further, the installation quantity of tributary card module is below 6, and the branch road quantity of every tributary card module setting is below 15 the tunnel.
Compared with prior art the utlity model has following advantage: the transformer coupled method with respect to traditional, stronger interference free performance is arranged, the hardware volume is small and exquisite simultaneously, is convenient to the design of integrated circuit, makes the practicality of module greatly increase.Utilize the acquisition principle of ICL7135 BUSY to be connected with the CLK mouth with external interrupt 0, the timer 1 of single-chip microcomputer (AT89C52) and be connected, the hardware resource of single-chip microcomputer has been saved in such connection greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the modular structure block diagram.
Fig. 2 is AT89C52 interface microcontroller circuit diagram.
Fig. 3 is 485 communications portion circuit connection diagrams.
Fig. 4 is the testing circuit connection diagram.
Fig. 5 is ICL7135AD collecting part circuit connection diagram.
Fig. 6 is the connection circuit of current transformer.
Fig. 7 is the aobvious interface of key.
Fig. 8 is prior art oscillatory circuit commonly used.
Fig. 9 is the improvement part circuit diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail:
One, hardware scheme:
The mechanism module block diagram of system as shown in Figure 1, the present invention mainly improves oscillatory circuit part and AD part of data acquisition with respect to testing circuit commonly used in prior art.
Concrete circuit connects as Fig. 2 to shown in Figure 5, this circuit utilization detects the mode that low frequency injects busbar voltage, to detect to such an extent that low frequency signal passes through out transformer induced, amplify through operational amplifier, deliver to the AD acquisition port through rectifying and wave-filtering again and carry out the AD conversion, transformation result is delivered in single-chip microcomputer analyzed, compare with setup parameter, if surpass designated parameter, think the generation fault ground, single-chip microcomputer sends alerting signal, and a way that will produce fault ground communicates by letter by 485 and report host computer, and host computer is shown in the branch road digital display on liquid crystal.
1. detection low frequency signal
When adopting Low frequency signal injection method to detect the straight-flow system insulation fault, the insulating resistance value that positive bus-bar or negative busbar detected when the insulation mainboard is during lower than 20K Ω, start low frequency signal source, inject low frequency (32768/1500=21.8Hz) voltage signal to bus, and patrol and examine signal for the single-chip microcomputer transmission of tributary card, by multi-way switch relay gate progressively, thereby each branch road of gating gathers the branch current signal of the current transformer output that is enclosed within each branch road top.Then the current signal that collects is carried out analyzing and processing and find out the ground connection branch road.
2, operation amplifier part
Prior art oscillatory circuit commonly used as shown in Figure 8, the present invention to the improvement of oscillatory circuit as shown in Figure 9, because the current value of current transformer induction is very little, must be through just carrying out the AD conversion after amplification, rectification and filtering, therefore use the LM358 integrated operational amplifier that the feeble signal of prime is amplified, the low frequency signal that injects on bus passes current transformer, produces induction current, and the inductance in mutual inductor and capacitor C, C ' form a loop and produce the LC vibration.
Oscillation frequency is
Wherein L is the inductance value of mutual inductor, and C is that (microfarad: electrochemical capacitor series connection μ F), the frequency of result and low frequency signal (21.8Hz) is substantially identical for two 47u.The LM358 amplifier adopts the in-phase proportion computing circuit, with feeble signal V0 through twice amplification, wherein R4, R5, C17, R10, R7, RW1, C28 form the negative-feedback circuit of operational amplifier, choose the control signal enlargement factor by resistance and appearance value, and can come the control signal enlargement factor by regulator potentiometer RW1, be convenient to so very much debugging.Two 2AP9 germanium tubes are used for suppressing the unexpected large electric current that produces and produce transient voltage by pulse shock signal and the mutual inductor connection that mutual inductor produces; play the circuit protective effect; C18, C19, C27 are coupling capacitance; C1, R, charging and discharging circuit of each self-forming of C34, R6; stablize the input signal of amplifications at different levels, and can filtering high frequency noise jamming signal.The circuit of C29, C30, C31 and back forms voltage doubling rectifing circuit.
3, voltage multiplying rectifier
Can obtain higher DC voltage with two diodes and a plurality of electric capacity rectification.As shown in Figure 5, when V1 was negative half period, capacitor C 29, C30, C31 charging were given in the D1 conducting, and ceiling voltage can reach 1.4V1; When V1 is positive half cycle, the D2 conducting, capacitor C 29, C30, C31 and V1 are superimposed to the C34 charging, and maximum voltage can reach 2.8V1.
4, low-pass filtering
This module adopts a simple single order RC low-pass filtering.Voltage V2 after rectification wave circuit after filtration obtains entering at last the DC voltage V3 of AD acquisition port.R3=100K wherein, C14=0.1u.
5, ICL7135AD collecting part
ICL7135 is 4 double integration A/D conversion chips; Can change output ± 20000 digital quantity; The binary-coded decimal output that has the STB gating to control; Has precision high (being equivalent to 14 A/D conversions) with the very convenient .ICL7135 of microcomputer interface; The advantage that price is low. its slewing rate is relevant to clock frequency; Each change-over period all has: self calibration (zeroing); Forward integration (tested aanalogvoltage integration); Reverse integral (reference voltage integration) and zero passage detection four-stage form; Wherein the self calibration time is 10001 pulses; Forward integral time is 10000 pulses; Reverse integral is until voltage (maximum is no more than 20001 pulses) till zero.But ICL7135 is output as non-BUS architecture, can not directly be connected with system data bus, can only take the I/O mouth of computing machine, waste very much hardware resource, so utilizing the acquisition principle of ICL7135 BUSY to be connected with the CLK mouth with external interrupt 0, the timer 0 of single-chip microcomputer (AT89C52), system is connected, so greatly saved the hardware resource of single-chip microcomputer, concrete connection is seen accompanying drawing 5, carries into execution a plan and sees the Software for Design part.
6, MCU unit
Native system adopts the AT89C52 single-chip microcomputer for controlling MCU, it is a low-voltage, 8 single-chip microcomputers of high-performance CMOS, sheet includes can be the repeatedly erasable Flash read-only program memory of 8k bytes and the Random Access Data storer (RAM) of 256bytes, device adopts high density, the nonvolatile storage technologies production of atmel corp, compatibility standard MCS-51 order set, 8 central processing units of sheet built-in general-purpose and Flash storage unit specifically carry into execution a plan and will explain in detail in Software for Design.
Two, software debugging part:
1, connect current transformer
We utilize low frequency signal method detection branch Grounding; When the insulation mainboard detects stake resistance lower than 20K Ω (produce loop between busbar voltage and ground this moment); Just can produce low frequency signal; Be capacitively coupled in positive and negative busbar by two and go; Then low frequency signal will pass current transformer and produce signal; The mode of connection of current transformer such as accompanying drawing 6; In figure what pass mutual inductor is positive and negative busbar; With bus through resistance be connected be the simulation the earth; What two terminals of current transformer were drawn is output; Simulate now positive bus-bar ground connection; Resistance is 20K Ω; The output of current transformer is directly received on the tributary card module, as accompanying drawing 3.
2, tributary card module working condition
When branch road is in when patrolling and examining state, if polling lamp rests on a certain branch road, report to the police also long bright, illustrate that this branch road has earth fault, then the tributary card module can report the insulation mainboard with situation by data line.
3, key is aobvious
As accompanying drawing 7, voltage between the expression positive and negative busbar is 190.1V, be 2.2V over against ground voltage, negative voltage-to-ground is 187.9V, positive stake resistance be 20.3K(actual be 20K, within error range), negative stake resistance is that 999.9K(represents there is no ground connection, this moment, stake resistance can be seen as infinity), one tunnel earth fault is arranged.This device can connect at most 6 tributary card modules (determining the number of tributary card module according to actual conditions), and every tributary card can detect 15 road branch roads, therefore a maximum covering device can detect 90 road branch roads.
4, debugging related data
The tributary card debugging is mainly to allow module can patrol and examine and detect the grounding situation, then reports the insulation mainboard.This device setting positive and negative busbar resistance to earth is fault lower than the situation of 20K Ω, calculate the size of stake resistance by the insulation mainboard, tributary card detects earth point, and result is reported host computer, host computer shows again, is convenient to the convenient in time eliminating of fault.
Debugging related data form:
| The stake resistance resistance | 21K | 20K | | 15K | |
10K | 5K | 0 | |
| The AD image data | 0.22V | 0.25V | 0.31V | 0.40V | 0.49V | 0.5V | 0.5V | 0.5V |
It is AD image data=existing introduction in 0.24V(front that alarming value is set in program), namely as long as the data that gather greater than 0.24V, have been considered as earth fault, and fault branch number (earth point) have been reported the insulation mainboard.Therefore can learn from the data of upper table, if stake resistance lower than or equal 20K Ω, will report to the police.In order to guarantee that the magnitude of voltage that enters the AD conversion chip can not damage by excessive circuit to chip and back; added a protection diode in circuit; make the magnitude of voltage that enters the AD mouth be the 0.5V left and right to the maximum, so both protected circuit, can not impact judged result again.
The D.C. isolation pick-up unit that we design adopts the formation pattern based on the Distributed Calculation machine observe and control system, used modular design method, so both be convenient to expansion, be convenient to again install and use, the tributary card module of this paper introduction can be done separately a cover pick-up unit, is used for branch road and detects.
Three, Software for Design is used
1, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program is patrolled and examined process
(1) the single-chip microcomputer laggard horizontal reset that powers on, at first initialization, setting timer 1 working method is 2, for serial communication provides baud rate, establishes counter TH1, the TL1 initial value is 0xFA, and makes SMOD=0, sets baud rate=4800bit/s; In order to realize multi-computer communication, set SCON=0xF0, namely serial communication is at working method 3, SM2=1; P17=1 is set, makes MAX485 be in accepting state; Open serial ports and interrupt, keep receiving at any time the information of insulation mainboard; The address of definition tributary card is set.
(2) whether judgement receives order for patrolling and examining order, if stop patrolling and examining order, reports invalid code (namely without the grounding situation), feeds dog (to the DS1232 pulse signal), forbids 74HC154, and makes the alarm lamp flicker, namely is in the state of not patrolling and examining.
(3) if judgement is to patrol and examine order, connecting successively each branch road detects, the continuous sampling conversion is averaged for 3 times, if it is 0.24V that the digital quantity of mean value surpasses the 2000(actual voltage value), continuation is averaged for 30 times to this branch road sample conversion, continues judge whether the digital quantity of its mean value surpasses 2000, if over 2000 or the ICL7135 range transfinite, think this grounding, alarm lamp is long bright; If do not surpass 2000 or the ICL7135 range do not transfinite, think that this branch road does not have ground connection, alarm lamp length is gone out, and continues lower road and patrols and examines.
(4) if there is branch road to report to the police, generate the effective branch road of overload alarm number, wait for that communication uploads warning branch road number; If do not report to the police, generate invalid branch road number, wait for that communication uploads.
2, AD converse routine design
3, communication interface
Interface standard: RS-485(or RS-232, RS-422);
Working method: half-duplex;
The mode of connection: two-wire system (TRXD+, TRXD-);
Data layout: serial, asynchronous, not verification, a start bit, eight bit data position, a control bit, a position of rest, totally 11;
Traffic rate: 4800BR;
Liaison method: the upper monitoring microcomputer is sent out Mode2 mode (the 9th=1) order to this device, and this device utilizes Mode3 mode (the 9th=0) foldback data.
Claims (5)
1. a transformer station direct current system microcomputer insulation monitoring and warning device branch road polling module, comprise tributary card module, oscillatory circuit, operational amplifier, rectifier filer, AD data acquisition unit, single-chip microcomputer, photo-coupler, insulation mainboard, the aobvious module of key; Wherein, the tributary card module connects oscillatory circuit, operational amplifier, rectifier filer, AD data acquisition unit, single-chip microcomputer, photo-coupler, insulation mainboard, the aobvious module of key successively; Described tributary card module arranges n road branch road, n is natural number, each road branch road comprises current transformer and relay, it is characterized in that: described oscillatory circuit comprises the first electric capacity, the second electric capacity, the 3rd electric capacity, a 2AP9 germanium tube, the 2nd 2AP9 germanium tube, resistance; Wherein, the first electric capacity and the second capacitances in series, the positive pole of the first electric capacity is connected with the negative electrode of a 2AP9 germanium tube, the anode of the 2nd 2AP9 germanium tube, an end of the 3rd electric capacity, an end of resistance respectively; The negative pole of the second electric capacity is connected with the anode of a 2AP9 germanium tube, the negative electrode of the 2nd 2AP9 germanium tube, the other end of the 3rd electric capacity, the other end of resistance respectively, and the inductance in described current transformer and the first electric capacity, the second electric capacity form the loop and produces the LC vibration.
2. a kind of transformer station direct current system microcomputer insulation monitoring and warning device branch road polling module as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described oscillatory circuit, the oscillation frequency of LC oscillation circuit matches with the frequency of the low-frequency voltage signal that injects to the transformer station direct current system bus.
3. a kind of transformer station direct current system microcomputer insulation monitoring and warning device branch road polling module as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the low-frequency voltage signal that injects to the transformer station direct current system bus is 21.8Hz, and the size of the first electric capacity and the second electric capacity is 47 microfarads.
4. a kind of transformer station direct current system microcomputer insulation monitoring and warning device branch road polling module as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described AD data acquisition unit, the BUSY of data acquisition chip is connected with the CLK mouth to be connected with timer with the external interrupt 0 of single-chip microcomputer and mouthful is connected.
5. a kind of transformer station direct current system microcomputer insulation monitoring and warning device branch road polling module as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the installation quantity of tributary card module is below 6, the branch road quantity of every tributary card module setting is below 15 the tunnel.
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| CN 201320214241 CN203259622U (en) | 2013-04-24 | 2013-04-24 | Branch circuit inspection module of transformer station DC system microcomputer insulation monitoring device |
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| CN 201320214241 CN203259622U (en) | 2013-04-24 | 2013-04-24 | Branch circuit inspection module of transformer station DC system microcomputer insulation monitoring device |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104636100A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-05-20 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Display device for a motor vehicle and test method for a display device of a motor vehicle |
| CN106556744A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-04-05 | 东北电力大学 | A kind of straight-flow system insulation detecting method theoretical based on resonance compensation |
| CN110412414A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-11-05 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of line detection apparatus and its detection method, DC power-supply system |
| CN111398729A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-07-10 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司湖州供电公司 | Intelligent direct-current insulation online monitoring device with grounding positioning function |
| CN113777531A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-12-10 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司徐州供电分公司 | Substation operation loop monitoring and fault analysis method |
| CN114720902A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-08 | 国网黑龙江省电力有限公司佳木斯供电公司 | Direct-current power supply fault rapid isolation system for transformer substation |
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2013
- 2013-04-24 CN CN 201320214241 patent/CN203259622U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104636100A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-05-20 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Display device for a motor vehicle and test method for a display device of a motor vehicle |
| CN106556744A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-04-05 | 东北电力大学 | A kind of straight-flow system insulation detecting method theoretical based on resonance compensation |
| CN106556744B (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2019-10-11 | 东北电力大学 | A kind of direct current system insulation detecting method based on resonance compensation theory |
| CN110412414A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-11-05 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of line detection apparatus and its detection method, DC power-supply system |
| CN111398729A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-07-10 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司湖州供电公司 | Intelligent direct-current insulation online monitoring device with grounding positioning function |
| CN111398729B (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2022-03-29 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司湖州供电公司 | Intelligent direct-current insulation online monitoring device with grounding positioning function |
| CN113777531A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-12-10 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司徐州供电分公司 | Substation operation loop monitoring and fault analysis method |
| CN113777531B (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2024-06-07 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司徐州供电分公司 | Substation operation loop monitoring and fault analysis method |
| CN114720902A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-08 | 国网黑龙江省电力有限公司佳木斯供电公司 | Direct-current power supply fault rapid isolation system for transformer substation |
| CN114720902B (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-10-14 | 国网黑龙江省电力有限公司佳木斯供电公司 | Direct-current power supply fault rapid isolation system for transformer substation |
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Granted publication date: 20131030 Termination date: 20160424 |