CN203221501U - Servo control system for five-axis full-automatic tin soldering robot - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a servo control system for a five-axis full-automatic tin soldering robot. The system comprises a power supply, a dual-core controller, an image acquisition processing unit, a temperature detection unit, five motors and a tin soldering robot, wherein the power supply is used for providing electric energy for the dual-core controller; the dual-core controller comprises a DSP (digital signal processor) and an FPGA (field programmable gate array); the DSP is used for calculating preset parameters of the tin soldering robot, and transmitting the preset parameters to the FPGA; the FPGA is used for generating signals to enable the five motors to control the servo motions of the tin soldering robot; and the image acquisition processing unit and the temperature detection unit are connected with a digital signal processing chip. According to the servo control system for the five-axis full-automatic tin soldering robot, a DSP and FPGA-based dual-core control mode is adopted, so that the calculation speed is greatly increased, the controller is easy to design, and the development cycle is shortened; and by the image acquisition processing unit, the automation degree is greatly improved.

Description

A kind of five full-automatic soldering robot serve control systems

Technical field

The utility model relates to soldering robot technical field, particularly relates to a kind of five full-automatic soldering robot serve control systems.

Background technology

As everyone knows, soldering processing is the work that a kind of working condition is poor, flue dust is many, heat radiation is big, danger is high, also requires the welder that skilled operative skill, rich practice experience, stable weld horizontal will be arranged.Welder's welding technical ability, speed of welding and anxious state of mind simultaneously has certain influence to welding quality, also can't quantize to use every day the welding auxiliary material, therefore manually improved production cost greatly and prolonged weld interval concerning factory, this produces novel automation welding will to become the new century to accept the important way of market challenges.

General soldering processing needs five degree of freedom soldering robot, and a complete five degree of freedom soldering robot comprises motor, algorithm and microprocessor several sections substantially, but existing automatic soldering robot long-play exists a lot of safety problems:

(1) at the soldering initial stage, the general artificial sport that adopts is shifted the soldering robot onto original position, only rely on human eye to carry out the correction of initial position, make accuracy reduce greatly, automatically the power supply of soldering robot adopts is dc source after the general AC power rectification, and whole soldering campaign is failed.

(2) mostly the main control chip of soldering robot is 8 single-chip microcomputer if adopting, computing capability is not enough, causes the welding system speed of service slower.Owing to be subjected to single-chip microcomputer capacity and algorithm affects, common tin weldering robot is to the not storage of solder joint information of process, all information will disappear when running into power-down conditions or fault and restart, and this makes whole soldering process will restart or the artificial regeneration routing information.For the pinpoint welding procedure of five degree of freedom soldering robot, the general pwm control signal of five motors of its orbiting motion of control that requires is wanted synchronously, owing to be subjected to the restriction of single-chip microcomputer computing capability, single single-chip microcomputer servo-drive system is difficult to satisfy this condition.

(3) control model based on microprocessor and special-purpose motion control chip is that microprocessor calculates the various default of motor needs according to predeterminated position, give special chip and carry out the PWM ripple signal that secondary calculating generates the control motor, though this type games controller exploitation is simple, reliability is high, but because being arranged, the part of microprocessor software participation system servo-drive system calculates, make that system-computed speed is not very high, and owing to adopted special-purpose motion control chip, can't expand design, also can't realize various advanced motion control arithmetics.Motor of general special integrated circuit control in this control model, and take a large amount of microprocessor port address, for five degree of freedom soldering robot kinematic system, use complicated control technology and just can realize.

(4) actuating motor as automatic soldering robot adopts stepper motor more, runs into pulse-losing through regular meeting and causes the motor desynchronizing phenomenon to take place, and causes system inconsistent for the solder joint tin output amount.Stepper motor makes organism fever more serious, needs sometimes motor body is dispelled the heat.Stepper motor increases the mechanical noise of system's running greatly, is unfavorable for environmental protection.The body of stepper motor generally all is heterogeneous structure, control circuit need adopt a plurality of power tubes, make control circuit relatively complicated, and increased the controller price, and because the switching back and forth between heterogeneous makes the pulsating torque of system increase, be unfavorable for the raising of dynamic performance, stepper motor is not suitable at high-speed cruising system, and the moment of system is less relatively, sometimes because the improper stepper motor that causes of control produces resonance.

(5) though in welding, can adjust the size of tin feeding amount according to the spot size of welded article body, do not consider the temperature of solder joint, cause solder joint inconsistent.In the soldering process, ignored the cleaning to solder horn, the situation that often causes producing failure welding or solder joint filth because of the residual scolding tin on the solder horn takes place.Because a large amount of bigger plug-in unit components and parts of volume that adopt make that the volume of servo controller is bigger.

(6) in all soldering processes, the result of spot welding is not observed automatically and compensate, make that sometimes soldering tin amount is inconsistent on the entire curve, need to adopt artificial secondary to repair.

The utility model content

The technical problem that the utility model mainly solves provides a kind of five full-automatic soldering robot serve control systems, can improve arithmetic speed, guarantees stability and the reliability of soldering robot system.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the utility model adopts is: a kind of five full-automatic soldering robot serve control systems are provided, comprise power supply, the double-core controller, the image acquisition and processing unit, temperature detecting unit, 5 motors and soldering robot, described power supply is connected with described double-core controller, described double-core controller comprises digital signal processing chip and based on field programmable gate array chip, describedly generate signal based on field programmable gate array chip and send to described 5 motors, described 5 motors are connected with 5 positions in the described soldering robot respectively, and described image acquisition and processing unit is connected with described digital signal processing chip with described temperature detecting unit.

In preferred embodiment of the utility model, described servo-control system also comprises the 6th motor, describedly generates signal based on field programmable gate array chip and sends to described the 6th motor.

In preferred embodiment of the utility model, described digital signal processing chip also is connected with human and machine interface unit, path reading unit, online output unit and I/O control module.

In preferred embodiment of the utility model, described 5 motors and described the 6th motor are the DC servomotors that 1024 linear lights electricity coding disk is housed.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: five full-automatic soldering robot serve control systems of the present utility model, employing is based on the double-core control model of DSP and FPGA, FPGA frees DSP from the servo algorithm of complexity, improved arithmetic speed greatly, also make described controller simplicity of design, it is short to have shortened the construction cycle, and described image acquisition and processing unit can make automatic kinetic control system initialization location and find the trouble point, and automaticity improves greatly.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of soldering robot serve control system in the utility model prior art;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of five full-automatic soldering robot serve control system one preferred embodiments of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the flow chart of five full-automatic soldering robot serve control systems' controller described in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the speed movement profiles of the soldering robot of five full-automatic soldering robot serve control systems described in Fig. 2.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing preferred embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail, thereby so that advantage of the present utility model and feature can be easier to be it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that protection domain of the present utility model is made more explicit defining.

Digital signal processing chip (DSP) has computing capability fast, and wherein TMS320F2812 is the fixed point 32 bit DSP chips on the C2000 platform released of American TI company.The dsp operation clock can reach 150MHz, handling property can reach 150MIPS, every instruction cycle 6.67ns, the IO mouth is abundant, general application to the user is enough, have the SRAM of the in-chip FLASH of AD conversion, 128k * 16 of 0 ~ 3.3v of 12 and 18K * 16, general application system can not wanted outer extension memory.Have independently ALU, have powerful digital signal processing capability.In addition, jumbo RAM is integrated in this chip, can greatly simplify periphery circuit design, reduces system cost and system complexity, has also improved the stores processor ability of data greatly.

Based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) though the cell array of standard just, the function that does not have general integrated circuit to have, but the user can be according to the design needs of oneself, by specific placement-and-routing instrument its inside is reconfigured connection, in the shortest time, design the special IC of oneself, so just reduce cost, shorten the construction cycle.Because the design philosophy of software implementation that adopts FPGA realizes the design of hardware circuit, so just make to have good reusable and the property revised based on the FPGA designed system.

See also Fig. 2, the utility model provides a kind of five full-automatic soldering robot serve control systems, comprises power supply, double-core controller, 5 motors and soldering robot.Described power supply provides the energy to described double-core controller; described power supply is AC power or lithium ion battery; when servo-control system runs into the AC power outage; lithium ion battery can provide the energy immediately; avoided the failure of soldering system servo-drive system motion, and provide in the process of power supply at battery, the moment is observed the electric current of battery and protects; avoid the generation of big electric current, fundamentally solved big electric current to the impact of lithium ion battery.

Described double-core controller comprises digital signal processing chip and based on field programmable gate array chip, described digital signal processing chip calculates the parameter preset of described soldering robot and is transferred to described based on field programmable gate array chip, describedly generate signal based on field programmable gate array chip and make described 5 the described soldering of Electric Machine Control robot servo motions, described image acquisition and processing unit is connected with described digital signal processing chip with described temperature detecting unit.Described DSP is 32, described DSP control human and machine interface unit, path reading unit, temperature detecting unit, online output unit, data acquisition and memory cell and I/O control module, thereby realized the division of labor of DSP and FPGA, also can carry out exchanges data in real time and call between the two simultaneously.Also adopt paster components and parts material with described controller, realized veneer control, saved control panel and taken up room, be conducive to alleviating of the long-pending and weight of soldering machine human body.

Described 5 motors are motor X, motor Z, motor U, motor R and motor W.Described servo-control system also comprises motor Y, describedly generates signal based on field programmable gate array chip and makes described the 6th Electric Machine Control tin output amount.Described motor X, motor Z, motor U, motor R, motor W and motor Y are the DC servomotors, adopt the DC servomotor to make speed adjustable range wideer, speed ratio is more steady, described DC servomotor has adopted 1024 linear lights electricity coding disk, substituted the stepper motor of using always in the legacy system, make operational precision improve greatly, efficient is also higher relatively.

Described five degree of freedom high speed soldering robot serve control system's implementation process is: power supply opening, automatically the soldering robot enters self-locking state, the automatic heating iron of described controller is to a steady temperature of setting, motor X, motor Z, motor U, the common work of motor R and motor W is solder horn with executing agency and goes out tin-tube and be automatically moved to useless tin recovery place, automatically open motor Y then and go out tin test flatiron temperature, Deng the test rear motor X that finishes, motor Z, motor U, the automatic mobile execution architecture of motor R and motor W is to starting point, this moment, image capturing system was opened, and went out the aligned position of tin-tube and starting point from dynamic(al) correction.The Actual path parameter that automatic soldering robot handle stores and spot size information are transferred to the DSP in the controller, DSP is converted into the automatic soldering robot distance that motor X, motor Z, motor U, motor R, motor W and motor Y will move under the designated movement track to these ambient parameters, DSP and FPGA communication, FPGA according to these parameters again according to the SERVO CONTROL of current of electric and photoelectric coded disk information processing motor X, motor Z and motor Y, and give DSP the deal with data communication, continue to handle follow-up running status by DSP.

See also Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the concrete function of described five degree of freedom high speed soldering robot serve control system is embodied as: 1, opening power, automatic conveyor is sent to the working region automatically to the spot welding parts that need that are installed on the anchor clamps, can judge the supply voltage source at opening power moment DSP, when determining to be storage battery power supply, if cell voltage low pressure, controller will block the PWM ripple output of FPGA, this moment motor X, motor Z, motor U, motor R, motor W and motor Y can not work, voltage sensor will be worked simultaneously, the double-core controller sends the low pressure alarming signal, and battery information is changed in the man-machine interface prompting.

2, people's automatic control program starts the machine, USB interface incoming task by controller, system opens the flatiron power supply automatically it is heated to the steady temperature of some settings, motor X, motor Z, motor U, motor R and motor W work is solder horn with executing agency and goes out tin-tube and be automatically moved to useless tin recovery place, automatically open motor Y then and go out tin test flatiron temperature, Deng the test rear motor X that finishes, motor Z, motor U, the automatic mobile execution architecture of motor R and motor W is to starting point, this moment, image capturing system was opened, go out the aligned position of tin-tube and starting point from dynamic(al) correction, controller detects flatiron temperature constantly, prevents the too high or too low failure welding that causes.

3, in automatic soldering robot motion process, DSP can constantly store the distance of process or the quintuple space solder joint information of process, and it is definite to next five dimension operating point automatic soldering robot motor X according to these information, motor Z, motor U, the distance that motor R and motor W will move, DSP and FPGA communication, with distance parameter, solder joint information and need the speed of service to be transferred to FPGA, generate control motor X by FPGA according to fuzzy control principle, motor Z, motor U, the speed ladder diagram of motor R and motor W motion, the area that ladder diagram comprises is exactly automatic soldering robot motor X, motor Z, motor U, the distance that motor R and motor W will move, speed ladder diagram are again in conjunction with motor X, motor Z, motor U, the electric current of motor R and motor W and photoelectric coded disk information generate PWM ripple and the direction of motion of each motor walking of control.

4, when arriving motor X, motor Z, motor U, after motor R and the automatic pushing executing mechanism of motor W reach predetermined bond pad locations, flatiron begins butt welding point and heats in setting-up time, during heating, DSP meeting butt welding point information and flatiron temperature enter secondary and confirm, be converted into out the parameters such as distance of tin system motor Y needs operation then according to fuzzy rule, DSP is transferred to FPGA to these parameters, generated the speed motion ladder diagram of tin system motor Y according to fuzzy control principle by FPGA, this trapezoidal area that comprises is exactly that the soldering robot goes out the distance that tin system motor Y will move, and electric current and the photoelectric coded disk information according to motor Y generates PWM ripple and the direction of motion signal that control motor Y moves again.

5, after finishing out tin system servo, in order to prevent the too high thawing again that causes scolding tin of flatiron temperature, motor Y generally retracts a little distance to solder stick, and record this value, self-locking immediately, flatiron and go out the tin system and move at the tin welding spot in the next quintuple space under the effect of motor X, motor Z, motor U, motor R and motor W together then.

If 6, in motion process automatically the soldering robot find weld spacing from or go out the tin servo-drive system and find the solution and endless loop occurs and will send interrupt requests to DSP, DSP can be to interrupting doing very first time response, if the interrupt response of DSP does not have enough time to handle, motor X, motor Z, motor U, motor R, the motor W of automatic soldering robot and the motor Y that goes out the tin system prevent maloperation with the original place self-locking.

7, the photoelectric coded disk that is contained on motor X, motor Z, motor U, motor R, motor W and the motor Y can be exported its position signalling A and position signalling B, the position signalling A pulse of photoelectric coded disk and the every variation of B pulse logic state once, the location register in the FPGA can add 1 or subtract 1 according to the traffic direction of motor X, motor Z, motor U, motor R, motor W and motor Y; When the position signalling A pulse of photoelectric coded disk and B pulse and Z pulse are low level simultaneously, just produce an INDEX signal and give the FPGA register, record the absolute position of motor, be converted into the particular location and the physical length that goes out tin of automatic soldering robot solder joint in quintuple space then.

8, in motion process, if DSP has received high speed spot welding order, DSP can respond the very first time, promote flatiron temperature immediately after described double-core controller calculates according to the speed of high speed spot welding and arrive some steady temperatures, again according to the particular location and the position that should exist of automatic soldering robot at five dimension spot welding parts, send corresponding position data etc. to give FPGA, FPGA transfers its inner corresponding PID automatically according to peripheral transducing signal and regulates pattern, calculate automatic soldering robot motor X by FPGA according to fuzzy control principle, motor Z, motor R, motor U, motor W and go out the pwm control signal that tin system motor Y need upgrade, control robot high speed spot welding state, and increasing flatiron temperature, temperature detection detects its numerical value constantly and compensates, and guarantees the requirement of high speed spot welding temperature.

9, in pinpoint welding procedure, if image capturing system finds have the solder joint of any position to go wrong, memory can be noted the positional information of current solder joint in quintuple space, DSP is according to the particular location of automatic soldering robot at welding assembly, send corresponding position data etc. to give FPGA, generate automatic soldering robot in conjunction with each peripheral sensor parameter according to fuzzy control rule by FPGA and arrive the actual acceleration that upgrades the some needs, speed and position signalling, control motor X, motor Z, motor R, motor W and motor U arrive assigned address, opening IMAQ utilizes motor Y butt welding point to carry out secondary spot welding compensation, return memory five under depositing originally dimension control positions, continue original work again.

When if 10 automatic soldering robots run into unexpected outage in running, battery can be opened automatically and immediately the soldering robot be powered, when the flow currents of motor surpasses setting value, this moment, controller can block the PWM ripple output of FPGA immediately, motor X, motor Z, motor U, motor R, motor W and motor Y quit work, thereby have avoided the generation of high-rate battery discharge effectively.

11, the spot welding work system has added the automatic pause point for convenience, if in the soldering process, read the automatic pause point, the PWM ripple that DSP can notify FPGA to generate makes the servomotor X of robot, motor Z, motor U, motor R and motor W stop with the acceleration of maximum, and motor Y self-locking, and storage current information, read up to controller and to press START button information again FPGA is reworked, and transfer storage information the soldering robot can be worked on from the automatic pause point.

12, in the soldering process, if image capturing system finds that solder horn has a large amount of residual scolding tin, the PWM ripple that DSP can notify FPGA to generate makes the servomotor X of robot, motor Z, motor U, motor R and motor W stop, and motor Y self-locking, the memory record is current location information down, DSP is according to the particular location of automatic soldering robot at welding assembly, help motor X by image collecting device, motor Z, motor U, the automatic mobile soldering of motor R and motor W robot is to cleaning place, clean corresponding positional information in the quintuple space of transferring storage after flatiron finishes, come back to the storage solder joint, begin new work.

13, in motion process, pulsation appears if detect the torque of any one motor, and FPGA can compensate torque automatically, has reduced the influence of motor torque shake to the soldering process.Automatically the soldering robot can detect cell voltage constantly at running, and when low pressure appearred in system, sensor can be notified DSP to open and send alarm, has protected lithium ion battery effectively.

14, after the soldering campaign of finishing whole processing component, motor Y generally retracts a little distance to solder stick, and record this value, self-locking immediately then, then through a little time-delay, motor X, motor Z, motor U, motor R and motor W help the soldering robot to walk out movement locus, and the soldering robot resets position zero point, wait for the task of following one-period.

The beneficial effect that the five degree of freedom high speed soldering robot serve control system that the utility model discloses has is:

1, adopt figure as the acquisition process unit, can help automatic kinetic control system initialization location and find the trouble point, automaticity improves greatly.In the motion process, by automatics the soldering robot is shifted onto initial position in the early stage, image capturing system is opened then, helps out tin-tube to aim at initial position, makes initial position fix extremely accurate.

2, adopt high performance 32 bit DSPs that system handles speed is increased greatly, the fine requirement of satisfying soldering system rapidity.FPGA can free DSP from the servo algorithm of complexity, improved arithmetic speed greatly, also makes the controller simplicity of design to have shortened the construction cycle weak point.

3, in the soldering process, send the control of tin speed to regulate automatically, temperature sensor sends DSP to after the operating temperature collection of solder horn, and DSP gives FPGA the speed of temperature, current spot welding operation again, finishes the speed closed loop control of sending tin motor Y by FPGA then.In the soldering process, solder horn constant temperature is adjustable, can be according to real work speed needs, and operating temperature is regulated between 200 ℃-480 ℃, and satisfying runs up melts the scolding tin needs.

4, in the soldering process, send the control of tin length to regulate automatically, finish the welding of a solder joint when the soldering robot after, controller accesses the information of next solder joint in the memory immediately, DSP gives FPGA the speed of the spot size of welded article, the operation of current scolding tin robot, finishes the servo closed-loop control of sending tin motor Y by FPGA then.In whole soldering process, taken into full account the speed of service of soldering robot and solder horn temperature to going out the tin influence on system parameters, guaranteed finishing of welding process.

5, employing FPGA handles five degree of freedom soldering robot and goes out the servo-controlled data of tin system and algorithm, and DSP is freed from the hard work amount, has prevented " race flies " of program effectively, and antijamming capability strengthens greatly.

6, the positional information sent according to DSP of FPGA, electric current and photoelectric coded disk signal in conjunction with the DC servomotor generate control motor rotation PWM ripple, simplified interface circuit, saved the trouble that DSP writes position, speed control program and various pid algorithms, made that the debugging of system is simple.Because integrated six tunnel servo-drive system PWM generative circuits have not only satisfied the requirement of five degree of freedom servomotor Synchronization Control, and have reduced the shared space of special-purpose motion chip in the FPGA, are conducive to controller to the development of microminiaturized direction.

7, in control, FPGA can adjust its inner pid parameter according to the peripheral ruuning situation of robot in good time, easily realizes segmentation P, PD, PID control and nonlinear PID controller, the switching of speed when making system satisfy operation fast.

8, because described control system has memory function, make after the power down of soldering robot or when running into fault and restarting system can transfer the good routing information of gluing easily, finish uncompleted task from trouble point secondary spot welding.

9, in whole soldering process, added the breakpoint setting, be conducive to the solder joint that range estimation has been welded in motion process and find Welding Problems in advance, perhaps the memory record cleans solder horn mechanism behind the current information down, and minimizing produces failure welding or the problem of solder joint filth and takes place because of the residual scolding tin on the solder horn.

10, in order to make motor smooth starting and parking, system has introduced fuzzy control principle when realizing its speed ladder diagram algorithm, make systematic function more excellent.

The above only is embodiment of the present utility model; be not so limit claim of the present utility model; every equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion that utilizes the utility model specification and accompanying drawing content to do; or directly or indirectly be used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner be included in the scope of patent protection of the present utility model.

Claims (4)

1. five full-automatic soldering robot serve control systems, it is characterized in that, comprise power supply, the double-core controller, the image acquisition and processing unit, temperature detecting unit, 5 motors and soldering robot, described power supply is connected with described double-core controller, described double-core controller comprises digital signal processing chip and based on field programmable gate array chip, describedly generate signal based on field programmable gate array chip and send to described 5 motors, described 5 motors are connected with 5 positions in the described soldering robot respectively, and described image acquisition and processing unit is connected with described digital signal processing chip with described temperature detecting unit.

2. five full-automatic soldering robot serve control systems according to claim 1 is characterized in that described servo-control system also comprises the 6th motor, describedly generate signal based on field programmable gate array chip and send to described the 6th motor.

3. five full-automatic soldering robot serve control systems according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described digital signal processing chip also is connected with human and machine interface unit, path reading unit, online output unit and I/O control module.

4. five full-automatic soldering robot serve control systems according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described 5 motors and described the 6th motor are the DC servomotors that 1024 linear lights electricity coding disk is housed.

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