CN203219257U - Filter eliminating external noises independent of partial discharge during high-frequency partial discharge measurement - Google Patents

Filter eliminating external noises independent of partial discharge during high-frequency partial discharge measurement Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN203219257U
CN203219257U CN 201320124909 CN201320124909U CN203219257U CN 203219257 U CN203219257 U CN 203219257U CN 201320124909 CN201320124909 CN 201320124909 CN 201320124909 U CN201320124909 U CN 201320124909U CN 203219257 U CN203219257 U CN 203219257U
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
filter
filter circuit
time
partial discharge
signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN 201320124909
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨德志
刘生琳
刘罡
苏军虎
姚军
周静龙
屈传宁
王胜利
万荣兴
靳丹
韩旭杉
张翠英
茹秋实
杨万义
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BEIJING GUODIAN DI-ON ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT Co Ltd
MAINTAINANCE Co OF GANSU ELECTRIC POWER Corp
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Gansu Electric Power Co Ltd
Original Assignee
BEIJING GUODIAN DI-ON ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT Co Ltd
BOYANGKEYI ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY (BEIJING) Co Ltd
MAINTAINANCE Co OF GANSU ELECTRIC POWER Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BEIJING GUODIAN DI-ON ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT Co Ltd, BOYANGKEYI ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY (BEIJING) Co Ltd, MAINTAINANCE Co OF GANSU ELECTRIC POWER Corp filed Critical BEIJING GUODIAN DI-ON ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT Co Ltd
Priority to CN 201320124909 priority Critical patent/CN203219257U/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN203219257U publication Critical patent/CN203219257U/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Filters And Equalizers (AREA)
  • Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model discloses a filter eliminating external noises independent of partial discharge during high-frequency partial discharge measurement, which comprises an input unit, an integration filtering unit and an imbalance-balance conversion unit. The input unit includes a signal input end; the integration filtering unit is connected with the input unit, and the imbalance-balance conversion unit is connected with the integration filtering unit. According to the filter of the utility model, the integration filtering unit is connected with the imbalance-balance conversion unit. The filter has the advantages that mutual interference among non-linear loads and linear loads can be effectively inhibited, pulse signals of partial discharge can be extracted, and the filter is not influenced by faults of external power supply systems and other uncertain factors; the filter can be matched with other passive filters or active filters; when frequency of interference noises of on-site carrier wave communication and the like changes, parameters of the filter are not changed; and the whole filter is simple in structure, safe and reliable in operation and flexible and diverse in installation positions.

Description

A kind of high frequency office puts and eliminates the filter of putting irrelevant external noise with office when measuring
Technical field
The utility model belongs to electric and electronic technical field, relates in particular to a kind of high frequency office and puts and eliminate the filter of putting irrelevant external noise with office when measuring.
Background technology
Partial discharge refers to the interior weakness that exists because inside electric appliance insulate, and phenomenon is repeated to puncture and extinguish in the part that takes place under certain applied voltage.Usually region of discharge internal electric field intensity is bigger, but discharge energy is very little, so the existence of partial discharge does not influence the dielectric strength in short-term of electric equipment.When medium is inner when partial discharge takes place, be accompanied by many phenomenons, wherein, comprise belonging to electricity, such as the generation of electric pulse, increase and the electromagenetic wave radiation of dielectric loss; Also have to belong to non-electric class, as variation of light, heat, noise, media material pressure and chemical aspect etc.
When measurement of partial discharge, because the device context environmental factor is abominable, can introduce many interference noises in the monitoring at the scene, these interference noises mainly comprise: continuous preiodic type interference and impulse type interference etc., wherein, preiodic type disturbs the each harmonic that mainly comprises carrier communication, radio communication and system, and impulse type disturbs and is divided into preiodic type impulse disturbances and random pulses interference again, and the preiodic type impulse disturbances mainly is the impulse disturbances in the earth mat, and it mainly is external discharge that random pulses disturb.The amplitude of above-mentioned these interference noises may be the manyfold of innings discharge signal, and office's discharge signal and interference noise is often overlapping on frequency domain, so noise reduction technology is the key that office is placed on the line monitoring.
Notification number is the filter that the Chinese patent of CN2326965 discloses a kind of generator failure On-line Discharge monitoring, this filter comprises a program control combination bandpass analog filter, the output of filter links to each other with the input of a high speed data acquisition system, and the software self-adaptive digital filter in the digital signal input computer of high speed data acquisition system output carries out noise to be eliminated.This filter can suppress the intermediate frequency radio interference, the electric power system carrier communication is disturbed and on-the-spot random pulses disturb.But shortcoming is: filter is very slow aspect the sharp characteristic of eliminating interference noise, and dumb on control is used, and causes the monitoring system performance can not satisfy the practicability requirement.
The utility model content
In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of high frequency office to put and eliminates the filter of putting irrelevant external noise with office when measuring, and it has good sharp characteristic aspect interference noise eliminating, and the control applying flexible.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is achieved in that a kind of high frequency office puts and eliminates the filter of putting irrelevant external noise with office when measuring, and it is characterized in that, comprising: input unit, and it has a signal input part; The integral filtering unit, it connects described input unit; And imbalance-balance converting unit, it connects described integral filtering unit.
Described input unit comprises an electronic switch.
Described integral filtering unit comprises filter circuit the n time, and the n time filter circuit is connected with filter circuit the n+1 time, and n gets the integer more than or equal to 1.
Described the n time filter circuit connects a coupling capacitance.
Described imbalance-balance converting unit comprises transformer.
The utility model has following beneficial effect with respect to prior art:
Structurally the integral filtering unit connects imbalance-balance converting unit, can suppress to disturb, extract partial discharge pulse's signal effectively, between the nonlinear-load and with linear load between the phase mutual interference, be not subjected to the influence of the filter externally fed system failure and other uncertain factors; Can be used with other passive type filter and active type filter; When the frequency of the interference noises such as carrier communication at scene changes, do not need to change the parameter of filter, whole filter is simple in structure, and is safe and reliable to operation, and the installation site is versatile and flexible.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is put for high frequency of the present utility model office and is eliminated the Filter Structures schematic diagram of putting irrelevant external noise with office when measuring;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of integral filtering of the present utility model unit;
Fig. 3 is the specific embodiment circuit connection diagram of filter of the present utility model.
Embodiment
For the ease of the further understanding to utility model, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment of the present utility model is done detailed description further.
As shown in Figure 1, high frequency of the present utility model office puts and eliminates the filter of putting irrelevant external noise with office when measuring and comprise: input unit 100, and it has a signal input part; Integral filtering unit 200, it connects described input unit 100; And imbalance-balance converting unit 300, it connects described integral filtering unit 200.
Described input unit 100 comprises an electronic switch, and described electronic switch refers to realize the operation unit of connecting and disconnecting of the circuit, comprises a controlled electronic valve device at least.
As specific embodiment, high frequency of the present utility model office puts and eliminates the passband of putting the filter of irrelevant external noise with office when measuring and be set to three kinds of models and select: 200 KHz to 2 MHz, 2 MHz to 20 MHz, 15 MHz to 40 MHz.
Using high frequency of the present utility model office puts and eliminate the principle of putting the filter filtering interfering noise of irrelevant external noise with office when measuring and be: continuous preiodic type disturbs and comprises system's high order harmonic component, carrier current protection, carrier communication and radio communication etc.; angle from the signal processing; the interference noise of various preiodic types can be seen the synthetic of each harmonic, its time discrete signal Z(n as) can be expressed as:
Figure 2013201249099100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The frequency spectrum of interference noise is discrete spectrum, and its concentration of energy is in the dominant frequency scope, and the frequency spectrum of partial discharge pulse's signal and external discharge signal is the smooth waveform of show off and whole frequency domain, and its energy even is distributed in whole frequency domain.
Angle from spectrum analysis, the concentration of energy of consecutive periods interference such as carrier communication, its amplitude spectrum is centered by dominant frequency, be the impulse waveform of width with the twice modulating frequency, and the amplitude frequency spectrum of inside and outside discharge pulse is the smooth waveform that spreads all over whole frequency domain, so two kinds of amplitude frequency spectrum values differ very big, can determine the frequency of carrier-in-interference accordingly, and be removed.
Be that the detection signal of N can adopt n filter circuit cascade, the filter circuit system function Hi(z of each grade for preiodic type interference signal number) be:
Figure 2013201249099100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Corresponding difference equation is:
Figure 2013201249099100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
A is coefficient 0<a<1 of sign limit from far and near relation at zero point in the formula, desirable a=0.95-0.99,
Figure 2013201249099100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
I is the input of i level filter circuit,
Figure 2013201249099100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
I is the output of i level filter circuit,
Figure 2013201249099100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
I is i interference signal frequency.
Because partial discharge pulse is wide band, has only the very high sample rate of employing, could keep pulse signal as much as possible, and the general trend of interfering noise signal be frequency more high-amplitude is more low, also can improve signal to noise ratio more to a certain extent so improve sample frequency.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of integral filtering of the present utility model unit, as shown in the figure, described integral filtering unit 200 comprises filter circuit the n time, the n time filter circuit is connected with filter circuit the n+1 time, n gets the integer more than or equal to 1, in the present embodiment, embodied the cascade of No. three filter circuits.
With reference to Fig. 1, filter circuit connects filter circuit for the second time for the first time, filter circuit connects filter circuit for the third time for the second time, filter circuit is used for carrying out a filtering for the first time, filter circuit is used for carrying out secondary filtering for the second time, filter circuit is used for carrying out three filtering for the third time, can the detection filter device in the filtering interfering noise and the voltage distortion of system's tie point.
As specific embodiment, the input of the electronic switching device J1 control signal of input unit 100, through integral filtering unit 200, described integral filtering unit 200 comprises filter circuit the n time, the n time filter circuit is connected with filter circuit the n+1 time, and n gets the integer more than or equal to 1.The electric capacity of a preceding filter circuit carries out the ripple conversion with signal, and inductance plays compensating action, and the while is the charging voltage of control capacitance again, and then, signal enters a back filter circuit, carries out repeatedly filtering and handles.
Another kind of embodiment as integral filtering shown in Figure 2 unit, described the n time filter circuit connects a coupling capacitance, namely filter circuit connects a coupling capacitance for the first time, and filter circuit connects a coupling capacitance for the second time, and filter circuit connects a coupling capacitance for the third time.
In specific embodiment, coupling capacitance is the high-voltage capacitor that is connected on the power line, and it is combined the common passage that constitutes carrier signal with the n time filter circuit, and capacity coupled effect is that AC signal is passed to next stage from previous stage.
Capacitive coupling and transformer coupledly can both transmit AC signal and cut off direct current, the working point of level does not involve mutually before and after making.But different is, when using capacitive transmission, the phase place of signal will postpone, and when transmitting with transformer, the radio-frequency component of signal will lose.Generally speaking, during the small-signal transmission, electric capacity commonly used is as coupling element, and when large-signal or strong signal transmission, typical transformer is as coupling element.
Fig. 3 is the specific embodiment circuit diagram of filter of the present utility model, and as shown in the figure, described first time, filter circuit comprised capacitor C 3, the C3 inductance L 2 that is connected in series; Described second time, filter circuit comprised capacitor C 6, the C6 inductance L 4 that is connected in series.For the first time filter circuit is made of the capacitances in series inductance with filter circuit for the second time, and filter circuit produces fundamental wave reactive power power, to reach the target power factor, can realize the effect of reactive power compensation and filtering and eliminating noise.
Described filter circuit for the third time comprises capacitor C 14, C16, C17 and inductance L 6, and wherein, the C14 C17 that is connected in series is connected in parallel with L6 again, and C16 also is connected in parallel with L6.Filtered electrical routing capacitance shunt inductance constitutes for the third time, and filter circuit can prevent the overvoltage that uneven power current causes at the filter two ends.For the first time filter circuit is used for carrying out a filtering, filter circuit is used for carrying out secondary filtering for the second time, and filter circuit is used for carrying out three filtering for the third time, the voltage distortion of detection filter device and system's tie point automatically in the filtering interfering noise.
Described imbalance-balance converting unit 300 comprises transformer T2, T2 has played the conversion of power current from imbalance to balance, in specific embodiment, can be with the original edge voltage upgrading of transformer T2, be raised to medium-pressure or high pressure by low pressure, this has reduced the harmonic impedance of system again when reducing harmonic current.Because the negative terminal of balanced signal and ground are with reference to being what separate, and the negative terminal of unbalanced signal reference edge just, use equilibrates to balun makes these two kinds of signals carry out isolation coupling exactly.
If signal signal inversion, transmits anti-phase signal and primary signal then simultaneously in the process of transmission, just be called balanced signal.If be exactly non-equilibrium signal by directly transmitting.Balanced signal is sent into differential amplifier, original signal and antiphase signal subtraction, and the primary signal that is strengthened, because in transmission, the interference that two circuits are subjected to is similar, in the process of subtracting each other, has cut the same interference signal, and is therefore more anti-interference.
Described transformer T2 connects output filter circuit, and described output filter circuit comprises: capacitor C 21, C23 and C24, described capacitor C 23, C24 connect capacitor C 21 respectively.Transformer generally has former limit and secondary two mutual independent winding, these two windings share an iron core. and flow through alternating current in the winding of the former limit of transformer and produce magnetic potential, so alternating flux is just arranged in iron core-closed, former, secondary winding cutting magnetic line are at the secondary alternating current that just can induce same frequency.
Because the electromagnetic interference that the scene is stronger and the thermal noise of some analog elements of signalling channel make and be accompanied by a large amount of noises in the monitored local discharge signal, wherein have to can be regarded as the white noise that is normal distribution greatly.For this signal that contains broadband noise, adopting on the hardware foundation of the present utility model, make wavelet transformation in software algorithm, go for the analysis of non-stationary signal.
The wavelet transformation of white noise has following character:
Character 1: establishing n (x) is real, wide steady white noise, and its variance is δ 2, so the wavelet transformation Ws of white noise (s, desired value x) be E (| Ws (s, x) | 2)=|| ψ || 2 δ 2/s, namely the wavelet transformation amplitude of white noise reduces with the increase of yardstick s.
Character 2: if white noise n (x) is white Gaussian noise, on yardstick s, the averag density of its WAVELET TRANSFORM MODULUS is
In the formula, what ψ (1) and ψ (2) were respectively ψ (x) once reaches second derivative.
The averag density that this character is made the WAVELET TRANSFORM MODULUS value of noise clear reduces with the increase of yardstick s.Can also prove that in addition white Gaussian noise is the distribution of consistent Lipschitz-1/2-ε, ε〉0.This shows that discrete white noise is that almost everywhere is unusual.Do as one likes matter 1, character 2 are as can be known described, and the small echo spectrum of white noise will fade away along with the increase of yardstick s.
Wavelet transformation has the desired local character of signature analysis, especially its focussing force.The small echo of window has reflected the radio-frequency component of signal when narrow, can capture the high-frequency instantaneous variation signal and its fine feature is amplified; The small echo of window has then reflected the low-frequency component of signal when wide, i.e. the trend of signal.Why will do wavelet analysis, be that the electric pulse waveform that discharge pulse evokes may be very inequality, and a fixed response time is arranged, and directly does cross-correlation and be difficult to differentiate because when internal discharge or external discharge.Signal is carried out wavelet decomposition, level and smooth component under a certain metric space has tangible phase place rule, and the reduction of its time domain resolution, can eliminate the delay variation of two-way discharge pulse again preferably, make it to be fit to do computing cross-correlation, extract the inner office of transformer effectively and put pulse.
Filter of the present utility model can suppress effectively to disturb, extract partial discharge pulse's signal, between the nonlinear-load and with linear load between the phase mutual interference, be not subjected to the influence of the filter externally fed system failure and other uncertain factors; Can be used with other passive type filters and active type filter; When the frequency of the interference noises such as carrier communication at scene changes, need not change the parameter of filter, whole filter is simple in structure, and is safe and reliable to operation, and the installation site is versatile and flexible.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present utility model only, is not for limiting protection range of the present utility model.

Claims (9)

1. a high frequency office puts and eliminates the filter of putting irrelevant external noise with office when measuring, and it is characterized in that, comprising:
Input unit, it has a signal input part;
The integral filtering unit, it connects described input unit; And
Imbalance-balance converting unit, it connects described integral filtering unit.
2. filter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described input unit comprises an electronic switch.
3. filter according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described integral filtering unit comprises filter circuit the n time, and the n time filter circuit is connected with filter circuit the n+1 time, and n gets the integer more than or equal to 1.
4. filter according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described the n time filter circuit connects a coupling capacitance.
5. filter according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described first time, filter circuit comprised capacitor C 3, the C3 inductance L 2 that is connected in series.
6. filter according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described second time, filter circuit comprised capacitor C 6, the C6 inductance L 4 that is connected in series.
7. filter according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described filter circuit for the third time comprises capacitor C 14, C16, C17 and inductance L 6, and wherein, the C14 C17 that is connected in series is connected in parallel with L6 again, and C16 also is connected in parallel with L6.
8. filter according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described imbalance-balance converting unit comprises transformer T2.
9. filter according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described transformer T2 connection output filter circuit.
10.Filter according to claim 9 is characterized in that: described output filter circuit comprises: capacitor C 21, C23 and C24, described capacitor C 23, C24 connect capacitor C 21 respectively.
CN 201320124909 2013-03-19 2013-03-19 Filter eliminating external noises independent of partial discharge during high-frequency partial discharge measurement Expired - Fee Related CN203219257U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 201320124909 CN203219257U (en) 2013-03-19 2013-03-19 Filter eliminating external noises independent of partial discharge during high-frequency partial discharge measurement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 201320124909 CN203219257U (en) 2013-03-19 2013-03-19 Filter eliminating external noises independent of partial discharge during high-frequency partial discharge measurement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN203219257U true CN203219257U (en) 2013-09-25

Family

ID=49208758

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN 201320124909 Expired - Fee Related CN203219257U (en) 2013-03-19 2013-03-19 Filter eliminating external noises independent of partial discharge during high-frequency partial discharge measurement

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN203219257U (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103338023A (en) * 2013-03-19 2013-10-02 甘肃省电力公司检修公司 Filter eliminating external noises irrelevant to partial discharge during high-frequency partial discharge measurement
CN111239565A (en) * 2020-02-26 2020-06-05 国网陕西省电力公司电力科学研究院 Oil-filled casing partial discharge pulse signal processing method and system based on layered denoising model

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103338023A (en) * 2013-03-19 2013-10-02 甘肃省电力公司检修公司 Filter eliminating external noises irrelevant to partial discharge during high-frequency partial discharge measurement
CN111239565A (en) * 2020-02-26 2020-06-05 国网陕西省电力公司电力科学研究院 Oil-filled casing partial discharge pulse signal processing method and system based on layered denoising model

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103338023A (en) Filter eliminating external noises irrelevant to partial discharge during high-frequency partial discharge measurement
CN110231552B (en) Coal mine cable insulation monitoring line selection method, signal injection circuit and corresponding device
CN101924354B (en) Artificially neural network routing method for distribution network failure by using S-transforming energy sampling property
CN110572024A (en) EMI power filter
Huang et al. Faulty feeder detection by adjusting the compensation degree of arc‐suppression coil for distribution network
CN204065297U (en) A kind of 35kV dry reactor turn-to-turn short circuit pick-up unit based on row wave technology
CN104505834B (en) A kind of suppression parallel resonance Adaptive Compensation Control Method of capacitive load
CN104502861A (en) Gaussian even pulse high-current high-power broadband power wire injection coupling network and construction method thereof
CN203219257U (en) Filter eliminating external noises independent of partial discharge during high-frequency partial discharge measurement
CN114552584B (en) Topology identification system and identification method for low-voltage power grid area
CN204349789U (en) AC Driving System common-mode voltage and shaft current passive/active suppressing apparatus
CN204719240U (en) Nuclear magnetic resonance wide and narrow strip merges amplifier module
CN104820176A (en) Double-coupling Duffing oscillator adaptive detecting method for weak transient electromagnetic radiation signals
CN110112740A (en) A kind of multiple harmonic passive filter structure
CN102759659B (en) Method for extracting harmonic wave instantaneous value of electric signals in electric system
CN210867500U (en) EMI power filter
CN205786850U (en) A kind of mains by harmonics signals collecting pretreatment circuit
Zhao et al. Travelling wave fault location for distribution line based on improved morphological gradient algorithm
CN104037770B (en) A kind of adaptive filter method of electric harmonic
CN210690727U (en) Step pulse injection circuit and related cable insulation monitoring line selection device
Prates et al. Power system impedance measurement based on wavelet voltage imposed
CN104155551B (en) A kind of electrical device noise fest device
CN114301175A (en) Power distribution station area user transformation relation identification method and device based on injection signals
CN112383062A (en) Automatic tuning structure of passive power filter
CN110429842A (en) A kind of single-sensor inverter control method of combination inductive drop and capacitance voltage

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
ASS Succession or assignment of patent right

Owner name: GANSU PROV. ELECTRIC POWER CO. MAINTENANCE COMPANY

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: BOYANGKEYI ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY (BEIJING) CO., LTD. BEIJING GUODIAN DI-ON ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT CO., LTD.

Effective date: 20130911

Owner name: STATE ELECTRIC NET CROP.

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: MAINTENANCE COMPANY OF GANSU ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY

Effective date: 20130911

C41 Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model
COR Change of bibliographic data

Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 730050 LANZHOU, GANSU PROVINCE TO: 100031 DONGCHENG, BEIJING

TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20130911

Address after: 100031 West Chang'an Avenue, Beijing, No. 86

Patentee after: State Grid Corporation of China

Patentee after: Gansu Electric Power Corporation

Patentee after: Maintainance Company of Gansu Electric Power Corporation

Patentee after: Beijing Guodian Di-on Electric Equipment Co., Ltd.

Address before: 730050 Gansu Province, Lanzhou city Qilihe District Portland Road No. 358

Patentee before: Maintainance Company of Gansu Electric Power Corporation

Patentee before: Boyangkeyi Electric Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.

Patentee before: Beijing Guodian Di-on Electric Equipment Co., Ltd.

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20130925

Termination date: 20150319

EXPY Termination of patent right or utility model