CN203201159U - Automatic real-time tracking system for house building construction progress - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic real-time tracking system for a house building construction progress. The system comprises a distance sensor, an angle measurement component, a processor, an analogue-to-digital (AD) converter, a display, a keyboard, a wireless communication module and a server, wherein the distance sensor is arranged on a front arm and/or a tail arm of a tower crane; the angle measurement component comprises a connecting shaft which is connected with a connecting shaft of a rotating limiter through a shaft coupling, and is fixedly arranged on an upper rotating part of a tower crane rotating mechanism; the distance sensor is connected with the AD converter which is connected with the processor; the angle measurement component outputs a signal to the processor; the keyboard is connected with the processor; and the output end of the processor is connected with the display, and is connected with the server through the wireless communication module. The system can be used for realizing automatic acquisition and transmission with less manual intervention, so that the reliability of progress information is improved, data can be timely and accurately acquired, human data deviation can be prevented or greatly reduced, and the system is low in cost and simple in structure.

Description

Housing construction progress automatic real-time track system

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of housing construction progress automatic real-time track system.

Background technology

The acquisition mode of traditional housing construction progress, the one, hand dipping, manual making a report on: by manual making a report on behind technician's hand dipping.The 2nd, hand dipping, software are made a report on: by making a report on by software (networking, offer) behind technician's hand dipping.

The drawback of aforesaid way is obvious, and the one, untimely, data communication device often becomes when arriving the related personnel " historical data " after making a report on layer by layer.The 2nd, inaccurate, data are through manual measurement, and the data deviation that is caused by measurement means or other non-technical reasons (driving such as performance appraisal, interests) happens occasionally.The 3rd, imperfect, progress data often is made of jointly a series of progress parameters, and traditional means is often ignored globality and the relevance of these parameters, causes the data integrity disappearance.

The tower machine is one of topmost instrument in the building construction, it comprises body of the tower, forearm, tail arm, operating room are arranged at the body of the tower top, forearm is the part of the force of lifting heavy, the tail arm is used for keeping balance, the tower machine also comprises slew gear, and slewing limiter is housed on the slew gear, and slewing limiter comprises upper rotary parts and a connecting axle.The tower machine is realized the rising of tower machine self by the jacking stock.Stock upwards raises first during jacking, in the middle of body of the tower and the stock space is arranged after raising, and standard knot is installed in this inside, space, and stock raises again, and at the inner installation code joint of the stock that soars, along with standard knot constantly increases, the tower machine has just uprised again.The tower machine is positioned at the job site highest point, can look down whole building site, broad view.The task character of tower machine determines the All Jobs face of its operation process coverage goal building, does not have the dead angle.

In view of this, special the utility model that proposes.

The utility model content

The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of data acquisition in time, accurately, prevents or greatly reduce the data deviation of artificial generation, the housing construction progress automatic real-time track system that cost is low.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model adopts the basic conception of technical scheme to be:

A kind of housing construction progress automatic real-time track system comprises the tower machine, and described tower machine comprises forearm, tail arm, slew gear, at described tower machine slew gear slewing limiter is housed, and also comprises

Range sensor in order to measure trace point to target building distance, obtains altitude reading and storage, when data reach predetermined amount of data, carries out confidence level screening, the average of data and store data into processor behind the calculating sifting;

The angular measurement element gathers described front boom slew, the output angle scale value;

Processor comprises a plurality of scale unit, in order to store trace point horizontal level, tower machine height, calculates and the storage object height according to altitude reading, and the reading angular scale value; When the data volume of scale unit storage reaches predetermined value or when depositing first data in and begin to have experienced setting-up time, a plurality of object height values are carried out the confidence level screening, data after the screening are averaged, transfer to server together with angle index value, the trace point horizontal level that prestores and tower machine height;

AD converter, display, keyboard;

Wireless communication module and server, the object height that server is submitted to each scale unit whole day carry out the confidence level screening, and the data after the screening are averaged, and deposit database in together with angle index value, quality of data information;

Described range sensor is installed on the forearm and/or tail arm of tower machine, described angular measurement element comprises a connecting axle, the connecting axle of described angular measurement element is connected with the connecting axle of described slewing limiter by shaft coupling, described angular measurement element is fixed on the upper rotary parts of tower machine slew gear, described range sensor connects described AD converter, described AD converter connects described processor, described angular measurement element outputs signal to described processor, described keyboard connects described processor, the output of described processor connects described display, and the output of described processor connects described server by described wireless communication module.

Preferably, the connecting axle of described angular measurement element is connected with the connecting axle of described slewing limiter by yielding coupling, the connecting axle of described angular measurement element is through on the horizontal brace, this horizontal brace is connected with a vertical fixed support, and vertical fixed support is fixed on the upper rotary parts of tower machine slew gear.

Preferably, described angular measurement element is photoelectric encoder or range limiter.

When described angular measurement element adopts photoelectric encoder,

Described photoelectric encoder outputting analog signal, then photoelectric encoder connects described processor by AD converter; Described photoelectric encoder output Gray code, photoelectric encoder directly connects described processor; Described range sensor adopts radar.

Preferably, described processor, AD converter, wireless communication module, display, keyboard are integrated, and adopt data acquisition unit; Described range sensor and data acquisition unit are integrated at hardware.

After adopting technique scheme, the utility model compared with prior art has following beneficial effect:

The use native system can realize that the building construction progress automatically gathers, transmits, and manual intervention is less, and the confidence level of progress msg is got a promotion, and data acquisition in time, accurately prevents or greatly reduce the data deviation of artificial generation, and cost is low, and is simple in structure.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model tower machine and target building;

Fig. 2 is the track while scan figure of three radars among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is datagram in the server database;

Fig. 4 is housing construction progress automatic real-time track system block diagram;

Fig. 5 is the assembling drawing of photoelectric encoder and slewing limiter;

Fig. 6 is the time correlation curve map through the radar emission of saw wave modulator and reception signal.

The specific embodiment

With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, a kind of housing construction progress automatic real-time track system comprises the tower machine, and described tower machine comprises forearm 11, tail arm 12, slew gear, at described tower machine slew gear slewing limiter is housed, and described tracking system comprises

Range sensor in order to measure trace point to target building distance, obtains altitude reading and storage, when data reach predetermined amount of data, carries out confidence level screening, the average of data and data are stored into the scale unit of processor behind the calculating sifting; Describe as range sensor with radar in this article.With reference to Fig. 1, tail arm 12, B point radar LB and C point radar LC that A point radar LA is installed on the tower machine are installed on the forearm 11 of tower machine, (mounting points is apart from the distance of body of the tower in concrete installation site, be negative when being installed on the tail arm 12) and quantity determine according to the concrete condition of target, be as the criterion with the actual height form that can detect the target different azimuth.Range sensor installation site, forearm 11 height (the tower machine is also wanted typing after rising joint) are by installation personnel typing processor.The range sensor mounting points can reach tens of rice even rice up to a hundred apart from driver's cabin, and the modes such as employing 485,422, CAN bus connect.Described range sensor connects described AD converter, and described AD converter connects described processor, such as Fig. 4;

The angular measurement element gathers described forearm 11 angles of revolution, the output angle scale value; The described angular measurement element 2 preferred photoelectric encoder 21(that adopt require also can select range limiter when hanging down to angle precision both target progress orientation, the same photoelectric encoder of annexation), with reference to Fig. 5, the connecting axle of photoelectric encoder 21 is connected with the connecting axle of described slewing limiter 4 by yielding coupling 3, the connecting axle of described photoelectric encoder 21 is through on the horizontal brace, this horizontal brace is connected with a vertical fixed support 5, and vertical fixed support is fixed on the upper rotary parts of tower machine slew gear.The photoelectric encoder number of active coils is not less than 64 circles, and individual pen resolution ratio is not less than 512 gratings.The exportable Gray code of dissimilar photoelectric encoder or analog signal, the former links to each other with the IO port of processor by data wire, access first AD converter when being output as the latter, AD converter connects described processor, schematic diagram when Fig. 4 is the latter, processor is according to corresponding time sequence reading angular data from photoelectric encoder or AD converter.

Processor adopts MCU, and MCU opens up a buffer area for each range sensor when initializing, and the buffer area that is numbered the range sensor of t claims buff _tBe used for depositing the object height of different trace points.Each buffer area is divided into n scale unit, is used for depositing one group of object height value on the different scale groups in the forearm 11 rotating 360 degrees scopes.N should be able to divide exactly 360.N=120 for example, namely per 3 degree are as a grouping, totally 120 scale unit, element number is 1,2 ... 120.Processor also in order to store trace point horizontal level, tower machine height, calculates and the storage object height according to altitude reading, and the reading angular scale value; When the data volume of scale unit storage reaches predetermined value or when depositing first data in and begin to have experienced setting-up time, a plurality of object height values are carried out the confidence level screening, data after the screening are averaged, transfer to server together with angle index value, the trace point horizontal level that prestores and tower machine height;

AD converter, display, keyboard; Keyboard and display provide man-machine interface, make installation site that installation personnel can the typing radar, tower machine elemental height, rise the joint number amount.

Wireless communication module and server, the object height that each scale unit whole day is submitted to carries out the confidence level screening, and the data after the screening are averaged, and deposits database in together with angle index value, quality of data information.Described keyboard connects described processor, and the output of described processor connects described display, and the output of described processor connects described server by described wireless communication module, such as Fig. 4.

The native system range sensor adopts K wave band flat plane antenna radar.

Radar is the electronic equipment that utilizes the electromagnetic wave detection target, its operating principle can be sketched and be: emitting electromagnetic wave shines (transmitting RF) to target and receives its echo (receive RF), obtains thus target to information such as the distance of electromagnetic wave launch point, range rate (radial velocity), orientation, height.Radar working frequency range commonly used has at present: 10.525GHz-X wave band, 24GHz-K wave band, 35GHz-Ka wave band, 77GHz-V wave band.It is K band microwave radar that native system is selected 24GHz.24GHz is a radar working frequency range of the global general-use of ISM regulation, is disturbed less when this frequency range is worked.

Critical piece and the parameter thereof of radar comprise

MCU(is the microprocessor of radar): obtain altitude reading and storage, when data reach predetermined amount of data, carry out the confidence level screening, the average of data and data are stored into the scale unit (situation for adopting data acquisition unit namely stores data acquisition unit into) of processor behind the calculating sifting.

VCO: signal generator.

Transmitting antenna: signal transmission path.

Reception antenna: target echo signal RX path.

RF preamplifier: echo-signal is amplified processing, can improve to a certain extent the sensitivity of sensor long-range detection.

Frequency mixer: synchronization is transmitted and receive the signal mixing.

The IF preamplifier: preliminary filtering interfering and noise signal, the restricting signal bandwidth, and can avoid to a certain extent sensor to suffer electrostatic hazard.

Vtune: the magnitude of voltage that refers to the sawtooth signal of modulating.Modulation signal adopts sawtooth waveforms, and the interference of this moment mostly is greatly Doppler signal, and aspect interference free performance, saw wave modulator is better than triangular modulation.Select linear uphill slope curve or descending grade curve as the time correlation function of tranmitting frequency, and regularly repeat these ripples, to obtaining possible average.

Modulation amplitude: the adjustable range of choosing one section best definite Vtune of tuning curve neutral line degree.In theory, the modulation amplitude maximum magnitude is 0.5V～10V;

Modulating frequency: maximum is no more than 150kHz in theory, adopts the modulating frequency of 100～200Hz when surveying the distant object of 30～100m, adopts the modulating frequency of 500～1kHz when surveying the close-in target of 10～20m.

The distance measurement process of radar

Exporting a frequency by signal generator VCO is f _TraTransmit, wherein one the tunnel go out through transmission antennas transmit, the one tunnel is split in the frequency mixer that two-way enters respectively I, Q passage, wherein the Q channel signal before mixing first through 90 ° of phase shifts.The echo-signal that reception antenna receives after low noise amplification is processed, is carried out mixing through frequency mixer and the two paths of signals of shunting in real time respectively first again; The signal that obtains after the mixing amplifies through intermediate frequency filtering again to be processed, and finally obtains I, Q two-way intermediate-freuqncy signal.All carry the range information of the detection of a target in I, the Q two-way intermediate frequency output signal.

The distance measurement algorithm of radar

Range information in the difference frequency signal is to reflect by the difference frequency signal that is caused by time lag, such as Fig. 6.

Tranmitting frequency curve (F _Transmit) and receive frequency curve (F _Receive) unique difference be time lag.T at a time _oInstantaneous reception signal, its frequency is lower than instantaneous tranmitting frequency (for the uphill slope curve), reason is that sensor raises in the synchronization tranmitting frequency.If mixing transmits and receives signal in frequency mixer, will generate a constant difference frequency signal f _d, wherein comprising required range information, this frequency is higher, and the distance of target is far away, satisfies following formula:

$R=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="c"\; filenames="HDA00003030936400031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}_0}{2}\&CenterDot;T\&CenterDot;\frac{f_d}{\mathrm{\&Delta;f}}---\left(1\right)$

Or

$R=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="c"\; filenames="HDA00003030936400031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}_0}{2}\&CenterDot;\frac{1}{f}\&CenterDot;\frac{f_d}{\mathrm{\&Delta;f}}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein:

f _dDifference frequency

The excursion of Δ f oscillator tranmitting frequency, i.e. frequency modulation width

The T tooth ripple repetition period

The distance of R target

c ₀The light velocity

F frequency modulation speed,

The flow chart of data processing of radar and algorithm

Per 10 milliseconds of radar carries out a distance measurement, produce a reading, the MCU of radar self is temporary in reading in the buffer area, after reaching certain data volume n, these group data are carried out the confidence level screening, send the average of data after the screening to processor storage (for the situation that adopts data acquisition unit, namely send to data acquisition unit and process).The selection of constant n should be considered following factor: the one, and the actual maximum angular velocity of rotation of tower machine, the 2nd, the actual measurement accuracy of radar, the 3rd, the disturbed condition of site environment.When tower machine angular velocity was larger, n too conference made the data accumulation overlong time, the relevance variation of final data and angle.When the site environment complexity, serious interference, when the measurement accuracy of radar was relatively poor, the too little meeting of n diminished the data volume after the screening, and degree of freedom reduces.

Simple in structure for system, described processor, AD converter, wireless communication module, display, keyboard are integrated, adopt ripe data acquisition unit 6, data acquisition unit 6 can be installed on tower machine driver's cabin, in particular cases also can be installed in other positions of tower machine, this moment, the appearance design of data acquisition unit 6 should be considered waterproof.

Described range sensor and data acquisition unit 6 also can be integrated on hardware.

The below introduces lower room Construction Schedule automatic real-time track method, may further comprise the steps:

1) sees figures.1.and.2, at the tower machine trace point (A of Fig. 1 is set, B, C 3 points, be three trace points, A point radar LA is housed respectively, B point radar LB, C point radar LC), along with the uninterrupted 360 degree scanning target buildings of tower machine operation (3 radars), such as the building A district that does not highly wait among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, building B district, building C district, every 10ms measures the distance (Measuring Time can between 9-11ms value) of tower machine trace point and target building, thereby the distance of tower machine trace point and target building on the measurement different angles, obtain altitude reading and store into the height memory cell (adopt processor on the hardware, Fig. 1, the processor of the processor adopting data acquisition unit 6 among Fig. 2), when the data in the height memory cell reach predetermined amount of data n, carry out confidence level screening, the average of data and store data into scale unit (see for details hereinafter and introduce) behind the calculating sifting; R among Fig. 2 _A, r _BAnd r _CThe track while scan that represents respectively A point radar LA, B point radar LB, C point radar LC;

The selection of predetermined amount of data n should be considered following factor: the one, and the actual maximum angular velocity of rotation of tower machine, the 2nd, the actual measurement accuracy of range sensor, the 3rd, the disturbed condition of site environment.When tower machine angular velocity was larger, n too conference made the data accumulation overlong time, the relevance variation of final data and angle.When the site environment complexity, serious interference, when the measurement accuracy of range sensor was relatively poor, the too little meeting of n diminished the data volume after the screening, and degree of freedom reduces.

2) altitude reading according to the scale unit storage calculates and the storage object height, and the reading angular scale value;

When the data volume of scale unit storage reaches predetermined value or when depositing first data in and begin to have experienced setting-up time, a plurality of object height values are carried out the confidence level screening, data after the screening are averaged, transfer to server together with trace point horizontal level and the tower machine height of angle index value, the scale unit that prestores; Otherwise continue storage; Reach the heap(ed) capacity x of scale unit such as data volume _t, such as x _t=100 process when both data volume had reached 100; Or begin to have experienced scheduled time m from depositing the first data in, such as m=5400s, begin to process after namely experiencing one and a half hours.

Described object height h _tBe the height of target building apart from foundation for tower crane, design formulas is:

h _t＝H-s _t

H is the current height of tower machine, s _tAltitude reading for trace point

H＝h ₀+n×h _t

H wherein ₀Be tower machine elemental height, n is that tower machine accumulative total rises joint number amount, h _tBe the standard knot height.

3) server object height that each scale unit whole day is submitted to carries out the confidence level screening, and the data after the screening are averaged as the object height value on the same day this scale unit, deposits database in together with angle index value, quality of data information;

Wherein, quality of data information comprises the degree of freedom after data volume on the same day, the screening and the coefficient of dispersion that calculates, described same day, data volume was the target number that whole day is submitted on a scale unit, and the degree of freedom after the screening is remaining data amount behind the data screening in the angle index unit.

Described coefficient of dispersion design formulas is

$v_t=\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\&delta;}}_t}\sqrt{\frac{{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{i=0}^{n_t}{(x_i-{\mathrm{\&delta;}}_t)}^2}{d_t}}$

x _iBe the height value that the same day, this scale unit was submitted to, d _tBe the degree of freedom after the screening, δ _tBe the object height value on the same day scale unit, n _tRefer to the data volume that t scale unit whole day submitted to.d _tLarger, v _tLess, the quality of data is higher.

The utility model is by arranging trace point at the tower machine, obtain the distance of tower machine forearm 11 and target on the different angles along with the uninterrupted 360 degree scanning target buildings (calling target in the following text) of tower machine operation, try to achieve the average of believable object height, transfer to server together with angle index value, the trace point horizontal level (apart from the distance of a certain fixed point, such as the horizontal range of distance operating room) and the tower machine height that prestore.Server carries out averaging after the confidence level screening as the object height on the same day scale unit to data again, together with depositing database in together with angle index value, quality of data information, Construction unit and the related personnel of unit in charge of construction and other modules of management information system can check that database learns the building construction progress, realize the automatic real-time track of building construction progress.The trace point that can be installed on the most at last on different building sites, the different tower machine is coupled to a network, makes information sharing, makes different local people all can check the building progress by the internet.

As from the foregoing, use the utility model housing construction progress automatic real-time track system can realize that the building construction progress automatically gathers, transmits, manual intervention is less, the confidence level of progress msg is got a promotion, data acquisition in time, accurately, prevent or greatly reduce the data deviation of artificial generation, cost is low, and is simple in structure.

Server end should also provide following function:

1, rights management: the authority of checking of managing different user.

2, highly manual rectification: authorized user can carry out manual rectification to elevation information.

3, progress is checked: check progress msg by browser, client (PC or mobile phone).

4, far call: by the Webservice service, other softwares (such as ERP system) can the Load Game system.

Server can carry out the progress evaluation by obtaining lower column data

1, continuously highly

Highly be used for describing continuously the whole height situation of target.Its describing mode is that a series of angle indexs-highly " name value " are right.Typical describing mode following " typical case is the height description list continuously ":

The typical case is the height description list continuously

Sequence number	Scale	Scope	Highly
				1	-270	170	15.50
2	170	100	38.50

2, maximum height

Maximum height is the describing mode that traditional vivid progress is paid close attention to most.Its value is the maximum value of continuous height, namely goes up second continuous height in the example: 38.50.

3, progress is described

Progress is to the comparison of height on two time points, comprises scale progress and vivid progress.The scale progress be to specific (or all) continuously scale aspect ratio, vivid progress is the comparison to maximum height.

If because certain reason, when the trace point that is numbered t at scale unit n _tUpper whole day is not submitted any object height value to, is called at scale unit n _tUpper data are incomplete, and this moment, server need to be at the enterprising row data of this scale polishing.Cause the reason of data incompleteness relevant with tower machine operation state or radio communication quality.

The data polishing divides spatial prediction and two steps of time prediction:

Spatial prediction is by calculated height growth slope in ± m meter full scale, k _-m, k _-m+1K _M-1, k _m, be averaging slope

And calculate scale unit n under this slope _tHeight on interior all angles, m is the absolute value of maximum abnormal some scale value of setting;

The degree of freedom median f of data in ± m meter full scale _mRequire f less than setting lowest degrees of freedom _Min, perhaps coefficient of dispersion median v _mGreater than setting peak v _MaxThe time, also need to carry out time prediction;

Time prediction is that the interior front D days data of scale of right ± m are carried out above-mentioned spatial prediction, draw the G-bar of every day, simultaneously by the high growth amount on day each angle index of calculating, and with spatial prediction result contrast on the same day, if the same day, high growth amount or G-bar were exceptional value with the screening of Grubbs algorithm, then recomputate height on each angle of this day, D according to G-bar〉3.

Make data integrity behind the polishing, do not lack, make the globality of progress parameter and relevance stronger, make data continuous, complete.

Be subjected to site environment (piling up such as material) and tower machine operation (interfering such as multitower) impact, height razor-edge or the sharp paddy (being called abnormal point) of similar noise may occur on some scale, Fig. 3 is datagram in the server database." scabble " abnormal point and be conducive to objectively respond the target truth, the accurate evaluation object height, this process is called denoising.Concrete steps are: abnormal some angle index in the server Test database, carry out denoising, and be specially:

Detect abnormal point: travel through all angle indexs and calculate the high growth slope k of adjacent angle index _iIf, | k _i-k _I-m|＞χ, then angle index i-m is judged to be abnormal point to angle index i, and wherein, m is the absolute value of maximum abnormal some scale of setting, and x is the absolute value of maximum abnormal some change;

Denoising: calculate k _I+1And k _I-m-1G-bar, recomputate angle index i-m all height to the angle index i scope with this slope.Denoising can guarantee the accuracy of data in the server.

Described height memory cell, scale unit, server preferably adopt Grubbs method (Grubbs) to carry out the confidence level screening.In one group of survey data, if the individual data deviation average is far, these (these) data are called " dubious value " so.From then on the Grubbs method can be organized " dubious value " in the survey data and to reject and do not participate in the calculating of average.Should " dubious value " be called " exceptional value (gross error) ".

Suppose that it is that the μ variance is δ that measured value X obeys average ²Normal distribution, i.e. X～N (μ, δ ²), random sample data of establishing X are: x ₁, x ₂X _n, above-mentioned sample data is arranged in from small to large: x ₍₁₎, x ₍₂₎X _(n), n is for measuring number of times;

The concrete steps of carrying out the confidence level screening with the Grubbs algorithm are:

The first step is calculated offset delta ₁And δ _n

${\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i=|x_{\left(i\right)}-\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{x}|$

In the formula,

Be sample mean;

$\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{x}=\frac{1}{n}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{x}_i$

Then

${\mathrm{\&delta;}}_1=|x_{\left(1\right)}-\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{x}|$

${\mathrm{\&delta;}}_n=|x_{\left(n\right)}-\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{x}|$

Second step, relatively δ ₁And δ _n, calculate the wherein deviation ratio G of higher value _i

$G_i=\frac{{\mathrm{\&delta;}}_i}{s}$

In the formula, s is standard deviation,

$s=\sqrt{\frac{{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{i=1}^n{(x_{\left(i\right)}-\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{x})}^2}{n-1}}$

The 3rd step, determine threshold GP (n), be specially:

Detect horizontal α;

Calculate fiducial probability P, P=1-α according to detecting horizontal α; If strict, detect horizontal α and can decide smallerly, for example decide α=0.01, so fiducial probability P=1-α.If require not strictly, α can decide largerly, for example decides α=0.10, i.e. P=0.90.Usually decide α=0.05, P=0.95.

According to detecting horizontal α, fiducial probability P and measuring frequency n and look into Grubbs table acquisition threshold GP (n);

The 4th step, relatively G _iWith GP (n), if i=1 or n are G _i＞GP (n), then data x _(i)Be exceptional value, abandoned;

Repeat above step, until there is not exceptional value, perhaps measure frequency n＜3.

The confidence level screening improves the data confidence level.

The above only is preferred embodiment of the present utility model; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (5)

1. a housing construction progress automatic real-time track system comprises the tower machine, and described tower machine comprises forearm, tail arm, slew gear, at described tower machine slew gear slewing limiter is housed, and it is characterized in that: also comprise

Range sensor in order to measure trace point to target building distance, obtains altitude reading and storage, when data reach predetermined amount of data, carries out confidence level screening, the average of data and store data into processor behind the calculating sifting;

The angular measurement element gathers described front boom slew, the output angle scale value;

Processor comprises a plurality of scale unit, in order to store trace point horizontal level, tower machine height, calculates and the storage object height according to altitude reading, and the reading angular scale value; When the data volume of scale unit storage reaches predetermined value or when depositing first data in and begin to have experienced setting-up time, a plurality of object height values are carried out the confidence level screening, data after the screening are averaged, transfer to server together with angle index value, the trace point horizontal level that prestores and tower machine height;

AD converter, display, keyboard;

Wireless communication module and server, the object height that server is submitted to each scale unit whole day carry out the confidence level screening, and the data after the screening are averaged, and deposit database in together with angle index value, quality of data information;

Described range sensor is installed on the forearm and/or tail arm of tower machine, described angular measurement element comprises a connecting axle, the connecting axle of described angular measurement element is connected with the connecting axle of described slewing limiter by shaft coupling, described angular measurement element is fixed on the upper rotary parts of tower machine slew gear, described range sensor connects described AD converter, described AD converter connects described processor, described angular measurement element outputs signal to described processor, described keyboard connects described processor, the output of described processor connects described display, and the output of described processor connects described server by described wireless communication module.

2. housing construction progress automatic real-time track according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: the connecting axle of described angular measurement element is connected with the connecting axle of described slewing limiter by yielding coupling, the connecting axle of described angular measurement element is through on the horizontal brace, this horizontal brace is connected with a vertical fixed support, and vertical fixed support is fixed on the upper rotary parts of tower machine slew gear.

3. housing construction progress automatic real-time track according to claim 1 and 2 system, it is characterized in that: described angular measurement element is photoelectric encoder or range limiter.

4. housing construction progress automatic real-time track according to claim 3 system is characterized in that: when described angular measurement element adopts photoelectric encoder,

Described photoelectric encoder outputting analog signal, then photoelectric encoder connects described processor by AD converter; Described photoelectric encoder output Gray code, photoelectric encoder directly connects described processor; Described range sensor adopts radar.

5. housing construction progress automatic real-time track according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described processor, AD converter, wireless communication module, display, keyboard are integrated, and adopt data acquisition unit; Described range sensor and data acquisition unit are integrated at hardware.

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