Inferior ultrasonic HF fatigue testing machine
Technical field
The utility model belongs to fatigue detecting and test field, more particularly, relates to a kind of inferior ultrasonic frequency (fatigue experimental device under the 5kHz~15kHz).
Background technology
The detection of fatigue behaviours such as HF fatigue testing machine is widely used in the tension and compression of metal and non-metallic member, reverses, bending, spot corrosion, the kind equipment that range of application is the widest, quantity is maximum in belonging to fatigue detecting and testing is in field extensive application such as machinery, electronics, Aeronautics and Astronautics, metallurgy.Existing HF fatigue testing machine all is to adopt Electromagnetic Drive or electro-hydraulic servo to drive, and the general work frequency is not more than 500Hz.But the high cycle fatigue circulation cycle of material is then between 10
5~10
7Between, all tired circulation cycles of superelevation are more up to 10
8More than.So big time and financial cost have limited present stage in high week and superelevation week torture test and research.Existing ultrasonic fatigue testing machine frequency then about 20kHz, can be brought the frequency effect of fatigue of materials performance thus, and the frequency of operation of ultrasonic fatigue testing machine 20kHz has limited the size of test specimen simultaneously, can bring the size effect of fatigue behaviour.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of and works in inferior ultrasonic frequency band (fatigue experimental device of 5kHz~15kHz) is to utilize piezoelectric transducer or giant magnetostrictive transducer as the drive source of HF fatigue testing machine.
Technical purpose of the present utility model is achieved by following technical proposals:
Inferior ultrasonic HF fatigue testing machine, (5kHz~15kHz), adopt transducer as drive force source is when in running order, with tested sample, constitute resonator system jointly from the luffing bar to be operated in inferior ultrasonic frequency band.Externally alternate electrical signal drives down thus, transducer is converted into mechanical vibration with electric signal, makes total system be in resonant condition, and resonant vibration and stress are also arranged on the tested sample, be provided with simultaneously and preset static load mechanism and provide static load for it, thereby realize the torture test of different stress ratios.
The ultrasonic HF fatigue testing machine in Asia of the present utility model comprises following ingredient:
Preset static load mechanism, in advance sample is carried out static state and load and arrange, can select horizontal electronic tensile test machine for use, supportingly with it realize the static parts that load, comprise test body 1, static load output shaft 201, stationary shaft 202, main card tool 301, from jig 302:
One end of described test body 1 is set with stationary shaft 202, and described stationary shaft 202 and test body 1 and fixedlying connected from jig 302 are so that the three is connected as a single entity and not change of relative position; The other end of described test body 1 be provided with can telescopic movable static load output shaft 201, fixedly connected between described static load output shaft 201 and the main card tool 301, be flexible connection between described main card tool 301 and the test body 1, for example adopt chute or rail structure, so, by static load output shaft 201 with respect to test body 1 stretch promote main card tool 301 and produce change in location with respect to test body 1, for example realize displacement along chute or rail structure.
Described main card tool 301 and all can select cylindrical structure from jig 302, its cavity are used for fixedly laying respectively loading end 4 and from luffing bar 7.
Load resonance mechanism, namely according to the system intialization state, can to test specimen carry out different stress ratios inferior ultrasonic (high frequency fatigue test of 5kHz~15kHz) comprises loading end 4, from luffing bar 7, web member 9:
Describedly be fixedly installed on from jig 302 from luffing bar 7, described from luffing bar 7 by installation end 703, fixing lug boss 702 and rear end 701 are formed, described fixing lug boss can be selected disc structure, its diameter equates with external diameter from jig 302, so when mounted, be arranged in from the cavity of jig 302 from the rear end of luffing bar 7, to be stuck in from the fixing lug boss of luffing bar 7 from the opening part of jig 302, select to be provided with for example rubber of insulating mat 5(between the two), at the seal closure 304 of the skin of fixing lug boss fixed installation from jig 302, select to be provided with for example rubber of insulating mat 5(between the two), and selection pin or gib screw, bolt is so that seal closure, from jig, insulating mat and fixing lug boss are connected to one, so that fixedly mount from luffing bar 7 in the purpose from jig 302; Described installation end one end and fixing lug boss from luffing bar 7 fixedly is connected as a single entity, and the central authorities on other end surface are provided with the connecting hole that is connected for web member 9, and described installation end from luffing bar 7 specifically can be selected conical structure; Described web member 9 be movably connected from luffing bar 7, can select thread mechanism to link to each other.
Described loading end 4 is made up of transducer 401, node dish 402, main transformer width of cloth bar 403, and the three links to each other successively, and is fixedly connected in the main card tool 301.Be not provided with the connecting hole that is connected for web member 9 with the make an inventory surperficial central authorities of a continuous end of joint on the described main transformer width of cloth bar 403, described web member 9 is movably connected with main transformer width of cloth bar 403, can select thread mechanism to link to each other, an end that is connected with web member 9 on the described main transformer width of cloth bar 403 is selected conical structure.Described loading end 4 is provided with fixing lug boss 404, described fixing lug boss can be selected disc structure, its diameter equates with the external diameter of main card tool 301, so when mounted, the rear end of loading end is arranged in the cavity of main card tool 302, fixing lug boss is stuck in the opening part of main card tool 301, select to be provided with for example rubber of insulating mat 5(between the two), fixedly mount the seal closure 303 of main card tool 301 at the skin of fixing lug boss, select to be provided with for example rubber of insulating mat 5(between the two), and selection pin or gib screw, bolt is so that seal closure, the main card tool, insulating mat and fixing lug boss are connected to one, to realize the purpose of fixed installation loading end 4 in main card tool 301.
Described transducer 401 is selected the long piezoelectric transducer of all-wave, the long giant magnetostrictive transducer of all-wave, half-wavelength piezoelectric transducer or half-wavelength giant magnetostrictive transducer.When transducer 401 is selected the transducer of all-wave length, can be chosen on the main transformer width of cloth bar 403 fixing lug boss 404 is set, be used for fixedlying connected with main card tool 301; When transducer 401 is selected the transducer of half-wavelength, can select to dwindle the shared volume of main transformer width of cloth bar, directly node dish 402 is used as fixing lug boss 404.
Cooling system 8 in test process, adopts cooling system that tested sample 6 is cooled off, and for example circulating fluid cools off, and 8 pairs of tested sample of cooling system 6 are carried out temperature sampling, and regulate coolant rate automatically, makes tested sample 6 keep constant temperature.
When carrying out testing fatigue, at first process tested sample, and be used for the screw thread of connection in its two ends processing; Then with loading end 4 and main card tool 301, from luffing bar 7 with fixed respectively from jig 302; Utilize web member 9 at last, with the two ends of tested sample 6 respectively with loading end 4, link to each other from luffing bar 7.The ultrasonic HF fatigue testing machine in Asia of the present utility model is operated in inferior ultrasonic frequency band (5kHz~15kHz), adopt transducer as drive force source, when in running order, the selection by transducer type and each are formed the length of structure so that transducer, main transformer width of cloth bar, tested sample, constitute resonator system jointly from the luffing bar.Externally alternate electrical signal drives down thus, and transducer is converted into mechanical vibration with electric signal, makes total system be in resonant condition, and resonant vibration and stress are also arranged on the tested sample; Be provided with simultaneously and preset static load mechanism and provide static load for it, thereby realize the torture test of different stress ratios.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present utility model is according to the system intialization state, can carry out the inferior ultrasonic (high frequency fatigue test of 5kHz~15kHz) of different stress ratios to test specimen, than traditional HF fatigue testing machine, its volume simple in structure is little, shortens the test period, and is energy-efficient; Than existing ultrasonic fatigue testing machine, reduced frequency effect and size effect to the fatigue of materials performance, so with respect to above the two be more suitable in the high cycle fatigue Performance Detection.
Description of drawings
The ultrasonic HF fatigue testing machine structural representation in Fig. 1 Asia of the present utility model (1) is wherein tested body 1, static load output shaft 201, stationary shaft 202, main card tool 301, from jig 302, loading end 4, from luffing bar 7, sample to be tested 6, cooling system 8.
The ultrasonic HF fatigue testing machine structural representation in Fig. 2 Asia of the present utility model (2), wherein loading end 4, from luffing bar 7, sample to be tested 6, web member 9.
The ultrasonic HF fatigue testing machine structural representation in Fig. 3 Asia of the present utility model (3), wherein main card tool 301, loading end 4, insulating mat 5, seal closure 303.
The ultrasonic HF fatigue testing machine structural representation in Fig. 4 Asia of the present utility model (4), wherein from jig 302, from luffing bar 7, insulating mat 5, seal closure 304.
The ultrasonic HF fatigue testing machine structural representation in Fig. 5 Asia of the present utility model (5), wherein transducer 401, node dish 402, main transformer width of cloth bar 403, fixing lug boss 404, sample to be tested 6, from the installation end 703 of luffing bar, from the fixing lug boss 702 of luffing bar, from the rear end 701 of luffing bar.
The ultrasonic HF fatigue testing machine structural representation in Fig. 6 Asia of the present utility model (6), wherein transducer 401, node dish 402, main transformer width of cloth bar 403, sample to be tested 6, from the installation end 703 of luffing bar, from the fixing lug boss 702 of luffing bar, from the rear end 701 of luffing bar.
Fig. 7 adopts the loading end structural representation of different transducers, wherein (a) utilizes the loading end of the long piezoelectric transducer of all-wave, (b) utilize the loading end of the long giant magnetostrictive transducer of all-wave, (c) utilize the loading end of half-wavelength piezoelectric transducer, (d) utilize the loading end of half-wavelength giant magnetostrictive transducer.
Fig. 8 dynamic load loads the waveform synoptic diagram, and wherein horizontal ordinate is time s, and ordinate is stress MPa, and σ m is static load, and Δ σ is the input range of dynamic load.
Fit to two logS-N curves with least square method with the fatigue and cyclic cycle among Fig. 9 the utility model embodiment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings the technical solution of the utility model is described in further detail.
With reference to the accompanying drawings shown in 1-7, HF fatigue testing machine of the present utility model by a transducer that converts electric energy to mechanical energy as drive force source, rely on its inverse piezoelectric effect that has or magnetostrictive effect that alternating voltage is converted into cyclic deformation, and then provide vibrational excitation to system.Concrete structure is as follows:
Test body 1, static load output shaft 201, stationary shaft 202, main card tool 301, from jig 302: an end of test body 1 is set with stationary shaft 202 and from jig 302, the other end of test body 1 be provided with can telescopic movable static load output shaft 201, adopt rail structure between main card tool 301 and the test body 1, by static load output shaft 201 with respect to test body 1 stretch promote main card tool 301 with respect to test body 1 generation change in location.
Can select cylindrical structure from jig 302, be fixedly installed on from the cavity of jig 302 from luffing bar 7, from luffing bar 7 by installation end 703, fixing lug boss 702 and rear end 701 are formed, fixing lug boss selector disc structure, its diameter equates with external diameter from jig 302, so when mounted, be arranged in from the cavity of jig 302 from the rear end of luffing bar 7, to be stuck in from the fixing lug boss of luffing bar 7 from the opening part of jig 302, rubber-covered pad 5 is set between the two, at the seal closure 304 of the outside of fixing lug boss fixed installation from jig 302, be provided with rubber-covered pad 5 between the two, and select gib screw so that seal closure, from jig, insulating mat and fixing lug boss are connected to one, so that fixedly mount from luffing bar 7 in the purpose from jig 302.Fixedly be connected as a single entity from installation end one end and the fixing lug boss of luffing bar 7, the central authorities on other end surface are provided with the connecting hole that is connected for web member 9, select cone shape from the installation end of luffing bar 7; Web member 9 be movably connected from luffing bar 7, select thread mechanism to link to each other.
Main card tool 301 is selected cylindrical structure, and its cavity is used for fixed installation loading end 4.Loading end 4 is made up of transducer 401, node dish 402, main transformer width of cloth bar 403, and the three links to each other successively.Be not provided with the connecting hole that is connected for web member 9 with the make an inventory surperficial central authorities of a continuous end (selection conical structure) of joint on the main transformer width of cloth bar 403, web member 9 is movably connected with main transformer width of cloth bar 403, can select thread mechanism to link to each other.Transducer 401 is selected the long piezoelectric transducer of all-wave, the long giant magnetostrictive transducer of all-wave, half-wavelength piezoelectric transducer or half-wavelength giant magnetostrictive transducer.
When transducer 401 is selected the transducer of all-wave length, be chosen on the main transformer width of cloth bar 403 fixing lug boss 404 is set, the selector disc structure, its diameter equates with the external diameter of main card tool 301, so when mounted, the rear end of loading end is arranged in the cavity of main card tool 302, fixing lug boss is stuck in the opening part of main card tool 301, be provided with rubber-covered pad 5 between the two, seal closure 303 at the outside of fixing lug boss fixed installation main card tool 301, rubber-covered pad 5 is set between the two, and selects gib screw so that seal closure, the main card tool, insulating mat and fixing lug boss are connected to one, to realize the purpose of fixed installation loading end 4 in main card tool 301; When transducer 401 is selected the transducer of half-wavelength, dwindle the shared volume of main transformer width of cloth bar, directly node dish 402 is used as fixing lug boss 404, realize fixedlying connected of loading end and main card tool.
The rubber-covered pad 5 of above-mentioned use can play the electric insulation of transducer and jig and the effect of mechanical vibration isolation.In test process, 8 pairs of tested sample 6 of cooling system are cooled off, and 8 pairs of tested sample of cooling system 6 are carried out temperature sampling, and regulate coolant rate automatically, make tested sample 6 keep constant temperature.
After transducer provides vibrational excitation to system, through the long main transformer width of cloth of all-wave bar (Fig. 5) or half-wavelength main transformer width of cloth bar (Fig. 6) and tested sample 6, constitute resonator systems from luffing bar 7 is common, for example the design of whole loading end can be adopted Chinese patent " a kind of half wave length ultrasound impact gun " (application number 200710061395.6, October 10 2007 applying date, publication number CN101134195A, open day on March 5th, 2008) disclosed design proposal in adopts the transducer of half-wavelength impact gun and the technical scheme of luffing bar; Can also adopt the technical scheme of disclosed piezoelectric transducer and vibration amplitude arm in the Chinese patent " a kind of piezoelectric-type ultrasonic impact gun " (application number 02100036.0, January 9 2002 applying date, publication number CN1359777A, open day on July 24th, 2002).
Piezoelectric transducer generally adopts piezoelectric ceramics series connection or unitized construction in parallel.Be threaded by web member 9 between loading end 4 and the tested sample 6, tested sample 6 be threaded by web member 9 between the luffing bar 7.Node dish 402, the long main transformer width of cloth of all-wave bar 403 are three nodal points of high frequency dynamic load loading structure with main card tool 301 junctions, from luffing bar 7 and from jig 302 junctions.Transducer 401 is formed quarter-wave, and the long main transformer width of cloth of all-wave bar 403 is formed four/three-wavelength, and namely loading end 4 composition all-waves are long; Test specimen 6 is formed half-wavelength; Form half-wavelength from luffing bar 7, thereby make whole high frequency dynamic load loading structure form high-frequency resonant (Fig. 5).Transducer 401 is formed quarter-wave, half-wavelength main transformer width of cloth bar 403 is formed quarter-wave, and namely loading end 4 is formed half-wavelength, and test specimen 6 is formed half-wavelength, form half-wavelength from luffing bar 7, thereby make whole high frequency dynamic load loading structure form high-frequency resonant (Fig. 6).
With reference to Fig. 8, behind fixing sample to be tested, start and preset static load mechanism, in advance sample to be carried out static state and load and arrange, the motion by static load output shaft 201 realizes that loading end imports static load σ to sample to be tested
m, tested sample 6 applied keep constant after the static load.Start the transducer power supply, input range of stress Δ σ, computing machine is translated into the alternating signal current value, transducer is converted into mechanical vibration with electric signal, make the high frequency loading system be in resonant condition, resonant vibration and stress are also arranged on the tested sample 6, thereby realize fatigue detecting and the test of any stress ratio.After the sample fracture, resonant condition stops, and computing machine output circulation cycle is N fatigue lifetime.Use the 5A06 aluminium alloy to be experiment material, selecting frequency 14kHz(is the frequency of loading end, the frequency of the ultrasonic impact of transducer and the output of main transformer width of cloth bar), carry out the sample testing fatigue, fracture position is in sample central authorities.
Sequence number |
Static load (MPa) |
Dynamic-load stress scope (MPa) |
Cycle index (N) |
Fracture position |
1 |
0 |
160 |
2.14×10
9 |
Parallel-segment |
2 |
0 |
160 |
1.42×10
9 |
Parallel-segment |
3 |
0 |
160 |
1.06×10
9 |
Parallel-segment |
4 |
0 |
180 |
3.19×10
8 |
Parallel-segment |
5 |
0 |
180 |
7.79×10
8 |
Parallel-segment |
6 |
0 |
180 |
2.37×10
7 |
Parallel-segment |
7 |
0 |
200 |
3.18×10
8 |
Parallel-segment |
8 |
0 |
200 |
1.93×10
8 |
Parallel-segment |
9 |
0 |
200 |
4.28×10
7 |
Parallel-segment |
10 |
0 |
220 |
5.94×10
6 |
Parallel-segment |
11 |
0 |
220 |
1.18×10
7 |
Parallel-segment |
12 |
0 |
220 |
3.52×10
6 |
Parallel-segment |
13 |
0 |
240 |
8.22×10
6 |
Parallel-segment |
14 |
0 |
240 |
592×10
6 |
Parallel-segment |
15 |
0 |
240 |
6.85×10
6 |
Parallel-segment |
16 |
0 |
260 |
8.88×10
5 |
Parallel-segment |
17 |
0 |
260 |
7.58×10
5 |
Parallel-segment |
18 |
0 |
260 |
438×10
5 |
Parallel-segment |
Logarithm (log) with fatigue and cyclic cycle (N) is horizontal ordinate, logarithm (log) with the range of stress (S) is ordinate, use the linear S-N curve of least square fitting, as shown in Figure 9, both present substantially linear rule and characteristic distributions under 50% degree of confidence.When carrying out testing fatigue, selecting inferior ultrasonic frequency band is 5kHz~15kHz, and can provide static load for tested sample by presetting static load mechanism, thereby realizes the torture test of different stress ratios.
More than the utility model has been done exemplary description; should be noted that; under the situation that does not break away from core of the present utility model, the replacement that is equal to that any simple distortion, modification or other those skilled in the art can not spend creative work all falls into protection domain of the present utility model.