Summary of the invention
At the shortcoming of prior art, the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of biomass fixed-bed gasification furnace with backflow combustion gas heating zone, and it not only heated, but also can effectively utilize furnace temperature combustion gas.
To achieve these goals, the utility model provides a kind of biomass fixed-bed gasification furnace with backflow combustion gas heating zone, this biomass fixed-bed gasification furnace comprises backflow combustion gas heating zone and the body of heater that vertically arranges, and body of heater comprises the bucket-shaped tail ash of awl section, tubular conversion zone;
The upper side of conversion zone is provided with opening for feed; Be provided with fire grate between tail ash section and the conversion zone; The bottom of tail ash section is provided with slag notch, and the sidepiece of tail ash section is provided with at least one gasifying medium entrance; The body of heater top is provided with gas outlet;
Backflow combustion gas heating zone is the chuck around the conversion zone of body of heater, and it comprises fuel gas inlet and gas outlet; The fuel gas inlet of backflow combustion gas heating zone directly or indirectly is connected to the gas outlet at body of heater top by pipeline.
In the utility model, by backflow combustion gas heating zone is set, can heat combustion gas by furnace temperature, to reduce thermosteresis, improve the efficient of vapourizing furnace.
According to another embodiment of the utility model, body of heater further comprises except the tar section; Body of heater is followed successively by the bucket-shaped tail ash of awl section, tubular conversion zone from bottom to top, removes the tar section; The top of removing the tar section is provided with gas outlet; Conversion zone and except being provided with dividing plate between the tar section, dividing plate is provided with the fuel gas inlet that communicates for conversion zone; Be provided with tar-removing device except in the tar section, tar-removing device comprises condensation tube, and condensation tube comprises the tubular shell of both ends open, and the lower ending opening of tubular shell is connected in the fuel gas inlet on the dividing plate; Except the shell three of the furnace wall of tar section, dividing plate, tar-removing device forms the unapproachable space of combustion gas; Be provided with the tube bank that many cooling tubes form in the tubular shell, these many cooling tubes vertically hang and arrange at interval, and the upper end open of tubular shell connects gas pipeline, and gas pipeline is connected to gas outlet.
In this programme, the upper side of conversion zone is provided with opening for feed, and biomass fuel is delivered in the stove outside stove by this opening for feed and reacts, and this opening for feed is arranged at the below of dividing plate.
The biomass fixed-bed gasification furnace of this programme also comprises feeding unit, and this feeding unit can be various suitable feeding units, and owing to charging might be sticked by tar, thereby it is preferably for example worm conveyor of continuously feeding device.
In this programme, the combustion gas that produces in the conversion zone enters in the tubular shell of condensation tube by the fuel gas inlet on the dividing plate, passes this tubular shell and arrives gas pipeline, passes gas pipeline then and arrives gas outlet and the output that is positioned at furnace roof.Pass in the process of tubular shell in combustion gas, because the cooling effect of cooling tube, the temperature of combustion gas reduces, the tar ingredients that comprises in the combustion gas is met on the cold outer tube wall that condenses in cooling tube and on the inwall of tubular shell, catch the dust that carries in the combustion gas simultaneously, run up to a certain degree after, the deadweight effect under, flow downward, drop onto stockpile in the stove at last.
This programme is mainly by arranging cooling space and making combustion gas make combustion gas and tar separation by this cooling space in stove.Can adopt multiple solutions for refrigeration to be implemented in cooling space is set in the stove, for example, can freeze by refrigeration compressor, and for example, can freeze by refrigerant (for example water).Scheme about freezing by refrigerant (for example water) will be described in detail hereinafter.
In this programme, the effect of cooling tube has two, and one is to make certain cooling space, and another is to make tar adhere to and condense at cooling tube.Combustion gas output and tar content with vapourizing furnace are decided, and the number of cooling tube tube bank can be tens even hundreds of root, and for example, this number can be the 50-100 root.
According to another embodiment of the utility model, cooling tube comprises tubule and extra heavy pipe, and extra heavy pipe is enclosed within outside the tubule, the tubule both ends open, and the sealing of extra heavy pipe bottom, top end opening, extra heavy pipe is communicated with in the bottom with tubule; Tar-removing device further comprises the refrigerant container that is positioned at the body of heater top, and the top of refrigerant container is provided with the refrigerant entrance, and its bottom is provided with the corresponding aperture of tubule a plurality of and cooling tube; The top of tubular shell is up-narrow and down-wide hydraucone, and bell-mouthed open top connects gas pipeline; Cooling tube is positioned at the periphery of gas pipeline, and the top of its tubule connects the aperture corresponding with it, and the bottom of cooling tube is passed in the tubular shell that described hydraucone enters condensation tube, and the top end opening of extra heavy pipe is connected on the hydraucone; The furnace wall except the tar section of body of heater is provided with refrigerant exit.
In this programme, refrigerant can be various suitable fluid materialss, considers cost and the factor of being convenient to implement, and it is preferably water.
In this programme, refrigerant enters refrigerant container by the pipeline of carrying refrigerant from the refrigerant entrance, the tubule that enters cooling tube from the aperture of refrigerant container bottom flows downward, enter extra heavy pipe and upwards mobile subsequently in the bottom of tubule, arrive the top end opening of extra heavy pipe when refrigerant, its top end opening from extra heavy pipe enters the enclosed space that the shell three of furnace wall except the tar section, dividing plate, tar-removing device forms, finally from flowing out body of heater except the refrigerant exit on the tar section furnace wall.Refrigerant (for example water) flows downward in the tubule of cooling tube, when upwards flowing by extra heavy pipe, combustion gas is cooled off so that tar is separated out, self also be heated simultaneously, as mentioned below, the refrigerant after the heating can enter refrigerating unit and cool off, and reenters then in the stove, with the realization recycle, and then reduce cost.
According to another embodiment of the utility model, the number of tar-removing device is two or more, correspondingly, conversion zone and be provided with the fuel gas inlet of similar number except the dividing plate between the tar section is provided with the gas outlet of similar number except the top of tar section.By such setting, a plurality of tar-removing devices in the stove can use in turn, in the condensation tube of a certain tar-removing device, stopped up by tar, can close this tar-removing device, and open another tar-removing device, the refrigerant of pent condensation tube is not in circulation, get rid of most refrigerants by exhaust-valve, this condensation tube is under the situation that does not have the refrigerant cooling, can be heated by the combustion gas of comparatively high temps, the tar that condenses on its wall at high temperature can melt, and runs down into stockpile under the effect of deadweight, has so just finished the self-cleaning work of fault condensation tube.
According to another embodiment of the utility model, tar-removing device further comprises the heating unit for heating-cooling coil.By such setting, in the condensation tube of a certain tar-removing device, stopped up by tar, it can be closed, and being heated device opens, flow down thereby the tar that is condensed on the cooling tube is heated and becomes fluid, and the fuel gas inlet from the dividing plate returns conversion zone and continues to participate in reaction, finishes the self-cleaning of condensation tube simultaneously.
In addition, refrigerant can cool off by being positioned at the outer refrigerant cooling device (for example cooling tower) of stove, refrigerant cooling device has outlet and entrance, body of heater except the refrigerant exit on the furnace wall of tar section by the entrance of pipe connection to described refrigerant cooling device, refrigerant container is by the outlet of pipe connection to refrigerant cooling device.Refrigerant after the heating enters this refrigerant cooling device by pipeline and cools off, and reenters then in the stove, with the realization recycle, and then reduces cost.
According to another embodiment of the utility model, biomass fixed-bed gasification furnace further comprises vapour generator, vapour generator is the chuck around the conversion zone of body of heater, and is positioned at the below of backflow combustion gas heating zone, and it comprises at least one entrance and at least one outlet.The source that enters the water of this vapour generator can be, for example, and water that the water outlet of the water outlet of refrigerant exit, water-cooled grate, refrigerant cooling device provide on the body of heater etc.This vapour generator utilizes furnace temperature, and the water that enters is heated to be steam, and this steam can enter stove from the gasifying medium entrance that is positioned at furnace bottom and participate in reaction, to improve the calorific value of the combustion gas that produced; The more important thing is, can utilize this steam that cooling tube is heated, namely in the condensation tube of a certain tar-removing device, stopped up by tar, it can be closed, and the refrigerant entrance of its refrigerant container is connected steam-pipe, thereby make steam pass through cooling tube, and then the tar that is condensed on the cooling tube is heated and becomes fluid and flow down.It should be noted that when adopting steam that cooling tube is heated water coolant path in stove when cooling off, the path of steam in stove is identical.
According to another embodiment of the utility model, fire grate is water-cooled grate, this water-cooled grate comprises the fire grate bar of many parallel arranged, and every bar oven tier pole is the metal tube that has cavity, and water-cooled grate comprises for driving drive-motor and the speed-controlling device that the fire grate bar is rotated; The outlet of water-cooled grate is by the entrance of pipe connection to vapour generator.The entrance of this water-cooled grate, for example, by the outlet of pipe connection to refrigerant cooling device.
In addition, it can this fire grate bar be the blade that turning axle is rotated that every bar oven tier pole all is equipped with, and this blade all is positioned at the body of heater of vapourizing furnace.Drive the rotation of fire grate bar by drive-motor, and then drive the blade rotation on the fire grate bar, can realize better deslagging effect, effectively fire grate is carried out initiatively scarfing cinder continuously, prevent that lime-ash from piling up at fire grate.Particularly, blade can be volution, multi-edge column-shaped or blade shape.
According to another embodiment of the utility model, the outlet of vapour generator to one or more gasifying medium entrances, that is, makes water vapor participate in gasification reaction to improve the calorific value of the combustion gas that produced by pipe connection.
According to another embodiment of the utility model, vapour generator has for by the outlet of pipe connection to the top entrance of refrigerant container, namely adopts steam that cooling tube is heated.
According to another embodiment of the utility model, biomass fixed-bed gasification furnace further comprises and opens the stove diffuse channel, this opens the stove diffuse channel and is connected to the mouth that diffuses that is positioned at the conversion zone upper side, and its effect is to open when opening stove, so that the flue gas in the stove is discharged.
Compared with prior art, the utility model possesses following beneficial effect:
1, can the production efficiency of combustion gas not exerted an influence, can not pollute outside atmosphere and recirculated water yet;
2, the reduction of a fuel gas temperature part is used for the drying to stove inner drying grate firing material, so the heat that the recirculated water cooling is taken away is less, in the combustion gas temperature-fall period, a large amount of tar are recovered and participate in again gasification, improved capacity usage ratio greatly, both compare, saving greater than cooling loss;
3, because fuel gas temperature is lower, to the also reduction greatly of requirement of equipment such as subsidiary engine, instrument and pipeline, the cost of reducing investment outlay;
4, by backflow combustion gas heating zone is set, can heat combustion gas by furnace temperature, to reduce thermosteresis, improve the efficient of vapourizing furnace.
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the biomass fixed-bed gasification furnace system that comprises present embodiment, comprise the biomass fixed-bed gasification furnace 1 with backflow combustion gas heating zone, and refrigerant cooling device (cooling tower, not shown in the figures), feeding unit 2, tail ash e Foerderanlage 3, gasifying medium feeding mechanism 4, open stove bleeding device 5, water-sealed valve 6, second stage tar-removing device 7, gas pipeline 801,802,803.
Wherein, as shown in Figure 2, the biomass fixed-bed gasification furnace 1 with backflow combustion gas heating zone of present embodiment comprises the body of heater of vertical setting and vapour generator 121, backflow combustion gas heating zone 122.Body of heater is followed successively by the bucket-shaped tail ash of awl section 11, tubular conversion zone 12 from bottom to top, removes tar section 13.Be provided with water-cooled grate 15 between tail ash section 11 and the conversion zone 12.The top of removing tar section 13 is provided with two gas outlets; The bottom of tail ash section 11 is provided with slag notch, and the sidepiece of tail ash section 11 is provided with the gasifying medium entrance; The upper side of conversion zone 12 is provided with opening for feed.The end of feeding unit 2 feeds opening for feed, and slag notch leads to tail ash e Foerderanlage 3, gasifying medium feeding mechanism 4 by pipe connection to the gasifying medium entrance.Open stove bleeding device 5 and be connected to the mouth that diffuses that is positioned at conversion zone 12 upper side.
Conversion zone 12 and except being provided with dividing plate 16 between the tar section 13, dividing plate 16 are provided with two and are used for the fuel gas inlet that communicates with conversion zone 13; Be provided with two tar-removing devices 14 except in the tar section 13.
Tar-removing device 14 utilizes water to do refrigerant, and it comprises refrigerant container (basin 1401), many tube bank, condensation tube 1403, the gas pipelines 1404 that (for example 80) cooling tube 1402 forms.Wherein, basin 1401 is positioned at the body of heater top, and the top of basin is provided with water-in, and its bottom is provided with 80 apertures corresponding with the tubule of cooling tube 1402.Cooling tube 1402 comprises tubule and extra heavy pipe, and extra heavy pipe is enclosed within outside the tubule, the tubule both ends open, and the sealing of extra heavy pipe bottom, top end opening, extra heavy pipe is communicated with in the bottom with tubule.
Condensation tube 1403 comprises the tubular shell of both ends open, and the lower ending opening of tubular shell is connected in the fuel gas inlet on the dividing plate 16; The top of tubular shell is up-narrow and down-wide hydraucone 1405, and the open top of hydraucone 1405 connects gas pipeline 1404; Gas pipeline 1404 is connected to gas outlet.Except the shell three of the furnace wall 131 of tar section 13, dividing plate 16, tar-removing device 14 forms the unapproachable space of combustion gas.
Article 80, cooling tube 1402 is positioned at the periphery of gas pipeline 1404, the top of its tubule connects the aperture corresponding with it on the basin, the bottom of cooling tube 1402 is passed in the tubular shell that hydraucone 1405 enters condensation tube 1403, and the top end opening of extra heavy pipe is connected on the hydraucone 1405; The furnace wall 131 of removing the tar section is provided with water outlet.
Cooling tower has outlet and entrance, except the water outlet on the furnace wall 131 of tar section by the entrance of pipe connection to cooling tower, basin 1401 is by the outlet of pipe connection to cooling tower.
Vapour generator 121 is the chuck around the conversion zone 12 of body of heater, and it comprises two entrances and an outlet.Its entrance connects water-cooled grate, cooling tower respectively.Its outlet can be connected to the water-in of basin 1401 by steam-pipe.Here it is pointed out that when needs cooled off, the water-in of basin 1401 connected cooling tower by water pipe; When needs heated, the water-in of basin 1401 connected the outlet of vapour generator 121 by steam-pipe.
Water-cooled grate 15 comprises the fire grate bar of many parallel arranged and is used for driving the drive-motor that the fire grate bar is rotated, every bar oven tier pole is the metal tube that has cavity, the two ends of every bar oven tier pole all are positioned at outside the body of heater of vapourizing furnace, and the two ends of every bar oven tier pole are equipped with the water-cooled swivel joint.Every bar oven tier pole all is equipped with spiral vane, and spiral vane can this fire grate bar be that turning axle is rotated, and spiral vane all is positioned at the body of heater of vapourizing furnace.The outlet of water-cooled grate 15 is by the entrance of pipe connection to vapour generator.
Second stage tar-removing device 7 is positioned at outside the body of heater of vapourizing furnace, and it is roughly the same with the interior tar-removing device 14 of stove, does not repeat them here.The combustion gas that vapourizing furnace produces enters water-sealed valve 6 through gas pipeline 801,802, enters through gas pipeline 803 from water-sealed valve 6 then and carries out decoking the second stage tar-removing device 7.
Backflow combustion gas heating zone 122 is the chuck around the conversion zone 12 of body of heater, and is positioned at the top of vapour generator 121, and it comprises fuel gas inlet and gas outlet.After the decoking of combustion gas through second stage tar-removing device 7, enter backflow combustion gas heating zone, be delivered to downstream user then.
Embodiment 2
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: the number of tar-removing device is one in (1) stove; (2) vapour generator has two outlets, and the gasifying medium entrance also has two, and a vapour generator outlet can be connected to the water-in of basin, and another vapour generator outlet is connected to a gasifying medium entrance, another gasifying medium entrance bubbling air.
Embodiment 3
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: the number of tar-removing device is three in the stove.
Though the utility model discloses as above with preferred embodiment, be not in order to limit the scope that the utility model is implemented.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, in not breaking away from invention scope of the present utility model, when doing a little improvement, namely every equal improvement of doing according to the utility model should be scope of the present utility model and contains.