CN203103961U - Voltage source converter - Google Patents
Voltage source converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN203103961U CN203103961U CN2012203303587U CN201220330358U CN203103961U CN 203103961 U CN203103961 U CN 203103961U CN 2012203303587 U CN2012203303587 U CN 2012203303587U CN 201220330358 U CN201220330358 U CN 201220330358U CN 203103961 U CN203103961 U CN 203103961U
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
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Abstract
A voltage source converter is used for reactive power compensation and harmonic wave reduction in an alternating current circuit 100, wherein the voltage source converter is connected with the alternating current circuit between a power supply 101 and a load 102. The voltage source converter comprises a first converter 111 which is configured to operate at a switching frequency identical to a fundamental wave frequency of the alternating current circuit and at least has a voltage rating identical to voltage of the alternating current circuit. The voltage source converter also comprises a second converter 112 which is configured to operate at a switching frequency higher than the switching frequency of the first converter and at least has a voltage rating lower than voltage of the alternating current circuit.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the voltage source converter (abbreviating VSC as) of the reactive power compensation that is used for exchanging (abbreviating AC as) circuit.
Background technology
In the alternating current circuit of being made up of source and load, electric current and voltage all are sinusoidal wave.Resistive load means that active power is transmitted, that is, electric current and voltage reverse simultaneously they polarity and the direction of energy stream is not reversed.Yet reactive load such as capacitive character and/or inductive load, causes reactive power, wherein differs 90 degree on the voltage and current phase place.For the half period in each cycle, the product of voltage and current is positive, but on the half period in addition in each cycle, the product of voltage and current is born, and being illustrated in does not have net energy stream on the one-period.Pay(useful) load has resistance, inductance and electric capacity usually, mean active power and reactive power the two, and apparent power is the amplitude of the vector sum of active power and reactive power.Similarly, nonlinear load causes harmonic frequency in power circuit.
Can be used as the source or the remittance (sink) of the idle AC power of power circuit such as the voltage source converter of STATCOM (STATCOM), static synchro capacitor (STATCON) or voltage source inverter (VSI).Voltage source converter can be the part of flexible ac transmission system (FACTS).The multilevel converter of cascade (Cascaded Multilevel Converter abbreviates CMC as), for example the multi-electrical level inverter of cascade is the cascade of H-bridge, that is, and the H-bridge of configured in series.
In paper " Investigations on a Unified Controller for a Practical Hybrid Multilevel Power Converter ", Tilak Gopalarathnam et al., 17
ThAnnual IEEE applied power electronics conference and exposition, Dallas, Texas among the 10-14March 2002, uses the assist exchanging circuit device to eliminate the harmonic wave that is produced by main converter.Two converters jointly only relate to reactive power compensation.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to improve the compensation of the reactive power in the alternating current circuit and reduce harmonic wave.
According to aspect of the present utility model, a kind of voltage source converter is provided, the reactive power compensation and the harmonic wave that are used for alternating current circuit reduce, and wherein voltage source converter is connected to the described alternating current circuit between power supply and load.Voltage source converter comprises first converter, be configured for low switching frequency work, this frequency is identical with the fundamental frequency of alternating current circuit in certain embodiments, and having is the voltage rating identical with the voltage of alternating current circuit at least, and described first converter is connected to described alternating current circuit to be used to providing voltage to arrive described alternating current circuit so that compensating power.Voltage source converter also comprises second converter, be configured for compared with the higher switching frequency work of first converter, and the voltage rating with the voltage that is lower than alternating current circuit, described second converter are connected to described alternating current circuit to be used to reduce harmonic wave by means of transformer.First and second converters are connected in series.
Be used for reducing or eliminating the converter of the harmonic wave of alternating current circuit by use, reduce or eliminate the needs that are used to reduce the filter of harmonic wave for use.Therefore, voltage source converter can be done compactlyer, and can avoid as owing to parameter mismatch with in the problem the off resonance that reactive power compensation causes crossed at underload place, and these problems are problems common when using filter.Voltage source converter can dynamically be regulated with harmonic carcellation, if this with condition changing its must reformed filter static effect different.Voltage source converter alternatively for example can be by dynamic control algolithm Be Controlled.In addition, by using converter that separate with the converter that is used for compensating power, that be used to reduce harmonic wave, allow to reduce the power loss in the voltage source converter.This is because be used to reduce the converter of harmonic wave with high frequency (necessary for reducing harmonic wave) but with low voltage operating.On the other hand, the converter that is used for compensating power is with high voltage (voltage of circuit) but with low frequency (frequency identical with channel frequency) work.Therefore, by means of the utility model, avoided switching the high loss that is associated in conjunction with high frequency with high voltage.Because second converter has lower voltage rating, production cost can be lowered.
Usually, all terms of Shi Yonging are explained according to their common meanings in technical field in the claims, unless clearly define in addition here.Should be interpreted as for all references of "// element, equipment, parts, device, step or the like " is at least one example of finger element, equipment, parts, device, step or the like with opening, unless set forth clearly in addition.The step of any method disclosed herein is not necessarily just in time being that disclosed order is carried out, unless set forth clearly.The different features/components intention of using " first ", " second " or the like to be used for present disclosure only is described features/components and other similar features/components are distinguished, rather than forces upward any order or classification for features/components.
Description of drawings
Referring now to accompanying drawing, by example the utility model is described, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic overview that is connected to the alternating current circuit of voltage source converter of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that is connected to embodiment three-phase circuit, voltage source converter of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that is connected to another embodiment three-phase circuit, voltage source converter of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that is connected to another embodiment three-phase circuit, voltage source converter of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that is connected to embodiment single phase circuit, voltage source converter of the present utility model.
Fig. 6 is the schematic phasor diagram of voltage source converter of the present utility model.
Embodiment
After this more fully describe the utility model with reference to accompanying drawing, show some embodiment of the present utility model among the figure.Yet the utility model can be embodied and the utility model should be interpreted as being limited to here the embodiment that sets forth with many different forms; But these embodiment are provided as an example, so that present disclosure will be thorough and comprehensive, and scope of the present utility model are passed to those skilled in the art fully.Label identical in whole specification is meant components identical.
The term voltage rating is meant the voltage that the part of converter or converter must be able to be controlled.Be configured to provide basic line voltage to first converter of circuit so the voltage rating that must have the operating voltage that is its circuit that is connected at least.On the other hand, second converter only reduces/harmonic carcellation being used to the circuit reciprocation via transformer, this allows second converter with the voltage power supply lower than first converter, and therefore can have lower voltage rating and comprise more cheap parts.
Fig. 1 provides and is connected the circuit that the voltage source converter 110 between AC power 101 and the load 102 is connected to or the general survey of electrical network.The characteristic and the complexity that depend on load 102 produce different reactive power and harmonic wave in circuit 100.In the prior art, use filter to come harmonic carcellation, but according to the utility model, voltage source converter 110 also is used to eliminate the harmonic wave that is produced by load 102 except compensation is injected into the reactive power of circuit by load 102.For single phase circuit, voltage source converter act on single-phase on, if in circuit, comprise more phase, such as three-phase (a, b, c) circuit, then voltage source converter can act on independently a phase, some mutually or all going up mutually.
Fig. 2-Fig. 4 shows the different embodiment of the voltage source converter of the present utility model that is connected to three-phase circuit/electrical network.
Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of voltage source converter of the present utility model.Voltage source converter comprises first converter 111 that is used for compensating power and is used to reduce second converter 112 of harmonic wave.Second converter 112 via transformer 113 be connected with circuit 100/mutual.According to the embodiment of Fig. 2, the multilevel converter of cascade is used as and is used to generate basic line voltage so that the supply reactive power is given first converter 111 of circuit 100.The first phase a of circuit 100 is connected to first converter 111 at an a place, and the second phase b of circuit 100 is connected to first converter 111 at a b place, and the third phase c of circuit 100 is connected to first converter 111 at a c place.Two level (two-level) converter is used as second converter 112 that is used for harmonic compensation.Two converters 111 and 112 all are connected in series.The multilevel converter 111 of cascade is with low switching frequency work, because basic line voltage is generated by it.Therefore the multilevel converter 111 of cascade is operated in high voltage, but owing to have the design of multilevel converter of the cascade of a plurality of level, can use industrial IGBT, and the manufacturing cost of the multilevel converter of cascade can be lowered thus.On the contrary, two level converters 112 under low-voltage with high switching frequency work.
V
Con1Be the voltage of first converter 111, V
Con2Be the voltage of second converter 112, I
LBe the electric current of load 102, I
sBe the electric current in source 101, I
aBe the electric current of the first phase a, I
bBe the electric current of the second phase b, I
cBe the electric current of third phase c, I
0Be zero-sequence current, I
BaBe the some b of first converter 111 and the electric current between a, I
AcBe the some a of first converter 111 and the electric current between the c, I
CbBe the some c of first converter 111 and the electric current between the b.
Current potential (that is V, in the expectation at x place
x) by V
Con1And V
Con2Decision, as what express in the formula below:
V
x＝V
con1+V
con2
Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of voltage source converter of the present utility model.Again, voltage source converter comprises first converter 111 that is used for compensating power and is used to reduce second converter 112 of harmonic wave.Second converter 112 via transformer 113 be connected with circuit 100/mutual.According to the embodiment of Fig. 3, two level converters are used as and are used to generate basic line voltage so that the supply reactive power is given first converter 111 of circuit 100.The multilevel converter of cascade is used as second converter 112 that is used for harmonic compensation.Two converters 111 and 112 all are connected in series.Here, the switching frequency of line voltage distribution that is used for the multilevel converter 112 of cascade can be higher than unit level (cell-level) switching frequency.Therefore, more the harmonic wave of high-order can also be that good selection is eliminated by being switched, reduce loss and make the multilevel converter of cascade reduce for harmonic wave with low relatively value by the multilevel converter 112 holding unit level of cascade.Two level converters 111 are used for whole city's piezoelectric voltage and with low switching frequency work, because it is used for generating the fundamental voltage component by specified in the present embodiment.Two level converters 111 even can be with square wave pattern work so that further reduce handoff loss.The voltage rating of two level converters 111 can be realized by being connected in series of IGBT.
I
CaBe at the some c of second converter 112 and the electric current between a, I
AbBe at the some a of second converter 112 and the electric current between the b, I
BcBe at the some b of second converter 112 and the electric current between the c.
Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of voltage source converter of the present utility model.Again, voltage source converter comprises first converter 111 that is used for compensating power and is used to reduce second converter 112 of harmonic wave.Second converter 112 via transformer 113 be connected with circuit 100/mutual.According to the embodiment of Fig. 4, the multilevel converter of cascade is used as first converter 111, and the multilevel converter of another cascade is used as second converter 112.Discuss with reference to Fig. 2 and 3 as above, the multilevel converter of cascade goes for working under high voltage and low frequency, as needed for first converter 111, and be applicable under low-voltage and high-frequency and work, as needed for second converter 112, the power switched loss can further reduce thus.Second converter 112 can have compared with first converter 111 H-bridge unit still less, because it can have lower voltage rating, to reduce cost.
Fig. 5 demonstration is connected to embodiment single phase circuit 100, voltage source converter of the present utility model.Corresponding phasor (phase vectors) figure is shown in Fig. 6.First converter 111 is mainly with fundamental frequency supply reactive power.It also bears line voltage.Reactive power by 111 supplies of first converter passes through to change V
Con1Amplitude and Be Controlled.A spot of active power is absorbed so that relevant loss to be provided by first converter 111.Therefore, angle θ remains on and is slightly smaller than 90 °.The component of second converter, 112 supplies reducing harmonic wave.Therefore, to compare with first converter 111 be quite low to its voltage rating.In addition, second converter 112 is with high switching frequency work.This means that second converter 112 is with high switching frequency and low voltage level work.Therefore, the loss that is associated with second converter 112 is reduced.Should be pointed out that the handoff loss of first converter 111 is low, even its voltage rating is high because the low frequency of first converter 111 is switched.The electric current that flows through second converter 112 can be set up by the turn ratio of selecting transformer 113.
L
sBe the impedance in source 101, V
sBe the voltage in source 101, I
sBe the electric current in source 101, i
Con1Be the electric current that flows through first converter 111, i
Con2Be the electric current that flows through second converter 112, L is a smooth inductor, and VT is the voltage that power control centre (PCC) locates, and θ is at V on the phasor diagram of Fig. 6
Con1And I
Con1Between angle.
Now, about the utility model more generally, the circuit 100 that voltage source converter 110 is connected to can be the power distribution net.The middle pressure (less than 50kV) that the utility model can use in conjunction with power distribution network with in such electrical network easily is used.Circuit 100 therefore can be operated in 5 and 50kV between voltage, such as 33,11 or 6.6kV.Therefore, first converter 111 can have easily 5 and 50kV between voltage rating, such as 33,11 or 6.6kV.And, circuit 100, power distribution network for example can have the typical a-c cycle of power distribution network, such as 10 and 100Hz between frequency, such as 16.6,25,50 or 60Hz.Therefore, first converter 111 can be configured for easily 10 and 100Hz between, such as 16.6,25,50 or down work of the switching frequency identical 60Hz with frequency alternating current circuit.
On the other hand, second converter 112 has higher switching frequency and lower voltage rating.Second converter 112 for example can have 1/10 voltage rating of the voltage rating that is about first converter 111.Second converter 112 therefore can have 0.5 and 5kV between voltage rating, such as 3.3,1.1 or 0.66kV.In order to reduce/harmonic carcellation, second converter 112 has high relatively switching frequency.Second converter 112 for example can be configured for 0.5 and 5kHz between switching frequency, such as down work of 1.5kHz.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, a kind of reactive power compensation of alternating current circuit 100 and voltage source converter 110 that harmonic wave reduces of being used for is provided, wherein voltage source converter is connected to the described alternating current circuit between power supply 101 and the load 102.Voltage source converter comprises first converter 111, is configured for the switching frequency work identical with the fundamental frequency of alternating current circuit and to have be the voltage rating identical with the voltage of alternating current circuit at least.Voltage source converter also comprises second converter 112, is configured for compared with the higher switching frequency work of first converter and have the voltage rating of the voltage that is lower than alternating current circuit.
The utility model mainly is described with reference to several embodiment above.Yet, recognize easily as those skilled in the art, as the scope of the present utility model that limits by appended Patent right requirement in, other embodiment that is different from above disclosed embodiment is possible equally.
Claims (19)
1. a voltage source converter (110), the reactive power compensation and the harmonic wave that are used for alternating current circuit (100) reduce, wherein said voltage source converter (110) is connected to the described alternating current circuit between power supply (101) and the load (102), it is characterized in that described voltage source converter comprises:
First converter (111), being configured for low switching frequency work and having is the identical voltage rating of voltage with described alternating current circuit (100) at least, and described first converter (111) is connected to described alternating current circuit (100) to be used to providing voltage to arrive described alternating current circuit (100) so that compensating power;
Second converter (112), be configured for than the higher switching frequency work of described first converter (111) and have the voltage rating of the voltage that is lower than described alternating current circuit (100), described second converter (112) is connected to described alternating current circuit (100) to be used to reduce harmonic wave by means of transformer (113);
Described first and second converters (111,112) are connected in series.
2. according to the voltage source converter of claim 1, it is characterized in that described first converter (111) is configured for the switching frequency work identical with the frequency of described alternating current circuit (100).
3. according to the voltage source converter of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described first converter (111) is the multilevel converter of cascade, and described second converter (112) is two level converters.
4. according to the voltage source converter of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described first converter (111) is two level converters, and described second converter (112) is the multilevel converter of cascade.
5. according to the voltage source converter of claim 3, it is characterized in that described two level converters comprise the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) that is connected in series.
6. according to the voltage source converter of claim 3, it is characterized in that described two level converters are configured for square wave pattern work.
7. according to the voltage source converter of claim 4, it is characterized in that the multilevel converter of described cascade is configured for the switching frequency with the switching frequency that is higher than its independent H-bridge unit.
8. according to the voltage source converter of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described first converter (111) is the multilevel converter of cascade, and described second converter (112) is the multilevel converter of another cascade.
9. voltage source converter according to Claim 8 is characterized in that, described second converter (112) comprises than described first converter (111) H-bridge unit still less.
10. according to the voltage source converter of claim 1, it is characterized in that described alternating current circuit (100) is a three-phase circuit, and described first and second converters (111,112) are connected to each phase of three-phase.
11. the voltage source converter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the alternating current circuit (100) that described voltage source converter (110) is connected to is a power distribution network.
12. the voltage source converter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described first converter (111) have 5 and 50kV between voltage rating.
13. the voltage source converter according to claim 12 is characterized in that, described voltage rating is 33,11 or 6.6kV.
14. the voltage source converter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described first converter (111) be configured for 10 and 100Hz between switching frequency work.
15. the voltage source converter according to claim 14 is characterized in that, described switching frequency is 16.6,25,50 or 60Hz.
16. the voltage source converter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described second converter (112) have 0.5 and 5kV between voltage rating.
17. the voltage source converter according to claim 16 is characterized in that, described voltage rating is 3.3,1.1 or 0.66kV.
18. the voltage source converter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described second converter (112) be configured for 0.5 and 5kHz between switching frequency work.
19. the voltage source converter according to claim 18 is characterized in that, described switching frequency is 1.5kHz.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012203303587U CN203103961U (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | Voltage source converter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012203303587U CN203103961U (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | Voltage source converter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203103961U true CN203103961U (en) | 2013-07-31 |
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ID=48855338
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2012203303587U Expired - Lifetime CN203103961U (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | Voltage source converter |
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|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN203103961U (en) |
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2012
- 2012-06-29 CN CN2012203303587U patent/CN203103961U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Effective date of registration: 20180522 Address after: Baden, Switzerland Patentee after: ABB Switzerland Co.,Ltd. Address before: Zurich Patentee before: ABB TECHNOLOGY Ltd. |
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Address after: Swiss Baden Patentee after: Hitachi energy Switzerland AG Address before: Swiss Baden Patentee before: ABB grid Switzerland AG |
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Granted publication date: 20130731 |