CN203101642U - Electronic distance measuring apparatus - Google Patents
Electronic distance measuring apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN203101642U CN203101642U CN 201320061373 CN201320061373U CN203101642U CN 203101642 U CN203101642 U CN 203101642U CN 201320061373 CN201320061373 CN 201320061373 CN 201320061373 U CN201320061373 U CN 201320061373U CN 203101642 U CN203101642 U CN 203101642U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an electronic distance measuring apparatus, comprising an infrared distance measuring module, an ultrasonic distance measuring module, a central controller and a switch change-over module. The infrared distance measuring module is used for measuring a distance of an object to be measured within a first distance range; the ultrasonic distance measuring module is used for measuring a distance of the object to be measured within a second distance range, wherein the maximum of the second distance range is equal to the minimum of the first distance range; the central controller controls operation of the infrared distance measuring module and the ultrasonic distance measuring module by determining that the object to be measured is in the first distance range or the second distance range; the switch change-over module is connected with the infrared distance measuring module, the ultrasonic distance measuring module and the central controller respectively and controls switching of the infrared distance measuring module and the ultrasonic distance measuring module in dependence on a determined result of the central controller. The electronic distance measuring apparatus performs distance measurement by combining two methods of infrared ray and supersonic wave, switches distance measuring modules to measure distances by controlling the switch change-over module, and solves a problem that distance measuring equipment is small in measuring range or low in precision in the prior art.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the ranging technology field, particularly relates to a kind of electrotape.
Background technology
At present, common distance-finding method has both at home and abroad: laser ranging, radar range finding, infrared distance measurement and ultrasonic ranging etc.
Laser ranging is to utilize laser that the distance of target is accurately measured.Laser ranging is penetrated a branch of very thin laser to target when work, by photovalve receiving target laser light reflected bundle, timer is measured laser beam from being transmitted into the time of reception, calculates the range-to-go from the observer.Laser range finder generally adopts dual mode to come measuring distance: impulse method and phase method.The process of impulse method range finding is such: the laser that stadimeter is launched is received by stadimeter again after the reflection of object being measured, and stadimeter is the round time of recording laser simultaneously.Half of the product of the light velocity and two-way time is exactly the distance between stadimeter and the object being measured.The precision of impulse method measuring distance be generally be+about/-1 meter.In addition, the measurement blind area of this type of stadimeter generally is about 15 meters.Radar range finding and laser ranging are comparatively close, and the quality of laser ranging and radar range finding is: laser ranging and the radar range finding range is big, antijamming capability is strong, but power consumption is big, price is high, the use occasion limitation.
Ultrasound wave is the mechanical wave that a kind of frequency surpasses 20kHz.Ultrasound wave has basic physical characteristics-reflection, refraction, interference, diffraction, the scattering of sonic transmissions equally as a kind of special sound wave.Ultrasound wave has characteristics such as directivity is concentrated, amplitude is little, acceleration is big, can produce big strength, and at different medium interfaces, hyperacoustic most of energy can reflect.
Utilize ultrasound examination often relatively rapidly, convenient, be easy to accomplish real-time control, and aspect measuring accuracy, can reach the practical requirement of industry, be mainly used in some industry spot, for example physical quantitys such as liquid level, well depth, duct length are detected.The ultrasonic ranging principle is simple, power is little, precision is also high, but owing to have the conversion efficiency and the resonance matching problem of electric energy and mechanical energy, improve its testing range, acquires a certain degree of difficulty.
The infrared distance measurement utilization be the indiffusion principle of infrared ray when propagating.Because infrared ray refractive index when passing through other material is very little, so the stadimeter of long distance all can be considered infrared ray, and ultrared propagation needs the time, run into reverberation and be reflected and testedly receive when infrared ray sends from stadimeter, just can calculate distance according to infrared ray from being issued to the time and the ultrared velocity of propagation that are accepted again apart from instrument.Infrared distance measurement can be measured larger distance, and ranging is generally 1 ~ 5km, but since infrared radiation with light velocity propagation, when close together, extremely little from being transmitted into the interval that receives echo, common microcontroller can't be gathered this time difference, so measuring accuracy is difficult to improve.
Along with the develop rapidly of technology of Internet of things, intelligent operation has become a kind of trend.A kind of means of being used are morely determined in the thing position, realize accurately determining of object space, will depend on various distance-finding methods.
The utility model content
The shortcoming of prior art in view of the above, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of electrotape, is used for solving outdoor distance-measuring equipment of prior art or range is little or precision is low problem.
Reach other relevant purposes for achieving the above object, the utility model provides a kind of electrotape, comprising: the infrared distance measurement module that is used to measure the distance of determinand in first distance range; Be used to measure the ultrasonic distance measuring module of the distance of determinand in the second distance scope, the maximal value of wherein said second distance scope equals the minimum value of first distance range; The echoed signal that links to each other with described ultrasonic distance measuring module with described infrared distance measurement module respectively, receives according to described infrared distance measurement module and described ultrasonic distance measuring module judges that it still is the central controller that the second distance scope is controlled described infrared distance measurement module and described ultrasonic distance measuring module work that determinand is positioned at first distance range; Link to each other, control the switch handover module of described infrared distance measurement module and the switching of described ultrasonic distance measuring module respectively according to the judged result of described central controller with described infrared distance measurement module, described ultrasonic distance measuring module and described central controller.
Preferably, described first distance range is 8m ~ 1000m.
Preferably, described second distance scope is 0.5m ~ 8m.
Preferably, described central controller comprises: the infrared signal amplification filtering circuit that links to each other, the echoed signal that receives from described infrared distance measurement module is carried out amplification filtering with described infrared distance measurement module; Link to each other, the echoed signal that receives from described ultrasonic distance measuring module carried out the ultrasonic signal amplification filtering circuit of amplification filtering with described ultrasonic distance measuring module; Link to each other with ultrasonic signal amplification filtering circuit with described infrared signal amplification filtering circuit respectively, the echoed signal of described infrared signal amplification filtering circuit and the output of ultrasonic signal amplification filtering circuit is carried out analog-to-digital modulus acquisition process circuit; Link to each other with described modulus acquisition process circuit, calculate determinand apart from the distance of device and provide the MCU module of the control signal of the described switch handover module of control work according to the echoed signal that receives from modulus acquisition process circuit.
Preferably, described infrared distance measurement module comprises the infrared ray transmission circuit and links to each other with described switch handover module, controls the infrared switch that described infrared ray transmission circuit is opened or closed according to the switching command of described switch handover module.
Preferably, described ultrasonic distance measuring module comprises ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit and the supersonic switch that links to each other, controls according to the switching command of described switch handover module described ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit working with described switch handover module.
Preferably, described infrared distance measurement module also comprises the infrared emission modulation circuit of emission infrared frequency in the described infrared ray transmission circuit of modulation; Described ultrasonic distance measuring module also comprises the ultrasonic emitting modulation circuit of emission ultrasonic frequency in the described ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit of modulation.
Preferably, described electrotape also comprises the display that links to each other, shows the determinand distance with described central controller.
Preferably, described electrotape also comprises with described central controller the warning device that links to each other, carries out alarm when the determinand distance is greater than or less than predeterminable range.
As mentioned above, a kind of electrotape of the present utility model has following beneficial effect:
1, the utility model mode of adopting infrared ray and ultrasound wave dual mode to combine is found range, when the distance determinand is far away, adopt the infrared distance measuring module to find range, when the distance determinand is nearer, adopt ultrasonic distance measuring module to find range, and by switch handover module of control, switching different range finder modules finds range, because the infrared distance measuring module has the advantage of wide range, and ultrasound wave is in that closely distance accuracy is high, thereby the utility model has solved distance-measuring equipment in the prior art or range is little or precision is low problem.
2, the utility model is simple in structure, control is convenient, low in energy consumption.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is shown as the structural representation of a kind of electrotape of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is shown as the preferred structure synoptic diagram of casing inside in a kind of electrotape of the present utility model.
The element numbers explanation
1 casing
2 central controllers
21 MCU modules
22 infrared signal amplification filtering circuit
23 ultrasonic signal amplification filtering circuit
24 modulus acquisition process circuit
3 infrared distance measurement modules
31 infrared ray transmission circuits
32 infrared switches
4 ultrasonic distance measuring modules
41 supersonic switch
42 ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit
5 switch handover modules
6 displays
7 alarm modules
Embodiment
Below by specific instantiation embodiment of the present utility model is described, those skilled in the art can understand other advantages of the present utility model and effect easily by the disclosed content of this instructions.The utility model can also be implemented or be used by other different embodiment, and the every details in this instructions also can be based on different viewpoints and application, carries out various modifications or change under the spirit of the present utility model not deviating from.
Need to prove, the diagram that is provided in the present embodiment only illustrates basic conception of the present utility model in a schematic way, satisfy only show in graphic with the utility model in relevant assembly but not component count, shape and size drafting when implementing according to reality, kenel, quantity and the ratio of each assembly can be a kind of random change during its actual enforcement, and its assembly layout kenel also may be more complicated.
To shown in Figure 2, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of electrotape as Fig. 1, is used for solving outdoor distance-measuring equipment of prior art or range is little or precision is low problem.Below will elaborate the principle and the embodiment of a kind of electrotape of the present utility model, and make those skilled in the art not need creative work can understand a kind of electrotape of the present utility model.
See also Fig. 1, be shown as the structural representation of a kind of electrotape of the present utility model.As shown in Figure 1, described electrotape comprises: infrared distance measurement module 3, ultrasonic distance measuring module 4, central controller 2, switch handover module 5, display 6 and alarm module 7.In the present embodiment, described infrared distance measurement module 3, ultrasonic distance measuring module 4, central controller 2, switch handover module 5, display 6 and alarm module 7 all are arranged in the casing 1.
Infrared distance measurement module 3 is used to measure the distance of the interior determinand of first distance range (D1 shown in Fig. 1).Because infrared distance measurement module 3 can measure larger distance, ranging is generally 1 ~ 5km, but since infrared radiation with light velocity propagation, when close together, extremely little from being transmitted into the interval that receives echo, common microcontroller can't be gathered this time difference, so measuring accuracy is difficult to improve.So in utility model, when determinand is far away, adopt infrared distance measurement module 3.
Particularly, according to actual needs and the measuring accuracy of infrared distance measurement module 3 set the size of first distance range, in the present embodiment, described first distance range is 8m～1000m.
Particularly, see also Fig. 2, be shown as the preferred structure synoptic diagram of casing inside in a kind of electrotape of the present utility model.
As shown in Figure 2, described infrared distance measurement module 3 specifically comprises infrared ray transmission circuit 31 and links to each other with described switch handover module 5, controls the infrared switch 32 that described infrared ray transmission circuit 31 is opened or closed according to the switching command of described switch handover module 5.When the determinand distance is far away, open described infrared ray transmission circuit 31 by described infrared switch 32, when the determinand close together, close described infrared ray transmission circuit 31 by described infrared switch 32.The opening and closing of described infrared switch 32 are controlled by switch handover module 5.
In the present embodiment, described infrared ray transmission circuit 31 comprises infrared interface unit, infrared emission head, infrared receiving terminal, infrared ray generation unit, infrared echo receiving element etc.
In addition; because there is more infrared light supply in the external world; be interfered for fear of accepting circuit; in the infrared ray generation unit; the infrared ray that is produced need possess in addition certain feature, can carry out frequency modulation to infrared light usually, promptly with a specific frequency conducting/disconnection infrared emission light source; infrared receiving circuit is only discerned the echo that is loaded with this modulating frequency, thereby realizes anti-interference.So in the present embodiment, described infrared distance measurement module 3 also comprises the infrared emission modulation circuit of emission infrared frequency in the described infrared ray transmission circuit 31 of modulation.In the present embodiment, modulating frequency is 20KHz ~ 40KHz.
Ultrasonic distance measuring module 4 is used to measure the distance of the interior determinand of second distance scope (D2 shown in Fig. 1).Because when the distance determinand was nearer, ultrasound wave was found range and is had higher precision, so in utility model, when determinand is nearer, adopt ultrasonic distance measuring module 4.
Particularly, according to actual needs and the measuring accuracy of ultrasonic distance measuring module 4 set the size of first distance range, in the present embodiment, described second distance scope is 0.5m ~ 8m.
Because be to switch to intersect to measure between described ultrasonic distance measuring module 4 and the described infrared distance measurement module 3, and distance is continuous, so there is a point of crossing certainly, the maximal value of just described second distance scope equals the minimum value of first distance range.Measure by described infrared distance measurement module 3 greater than this some distance simultaneously, measure by described ultrasonic distance measuring module 4 less than this some distance, but just for this point apart from the time, can freely set by in 3 measurements of described ultrasonic distance measuring module 4 and described infrared distance measurement module one of them and measure.
Described ultrasonic distance measuring module 4 comprises ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit 42 and links to each other with described switch handover module 5, controls according to the switching command of described switch handover module 5 supersonic switch 41 of described ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit 42 work.When the determinand close together, open described ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit 42 by described supersonic switch 41, when the determinand distance is far away, close described ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit 42 by described supersonic switch 41.The opening and closing of described supersonic switch 41 are also controlled by switch handover module 5.Reality, described switch handover module 5 are exactly the switching of controlling described supersonic switch 41 and described infrared switch 32.
In the present embodiment, described ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit 42 comprises that ultrasound wave interface unit, ultrasonic emitting head, ultrasound wave receive head, ultrasonic wave generator unit, ultrasonic echo receiving element etc.
In addition, because the external interference sound wave is more, be interfered for fear of receiving circuit, in ultrasonic wave generator unit, the ultrasound wave that is produced also needs tool to contain additional features except having fixing frequency, is distinguished with the number of ultrasonic pulse usually, so in the present embodiment, described ultrasonic distance measuring module 4 also comprises the ultrasonic emitting modulation circuit of launching ultrasonic frequency and pulse number in the described ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit 42 of modulation.Adopt 40KHz in the present embodiment, the cycle is 25uS, and each emission continues 1mS, i.e. 40 ultrasonic pulses.Receiving circuit is only discerned the echoed signal of single duration about 1mS, thereby realizes anti-interference.
Of particular note, because ultrasound wave after sending, in transmission course, must have certain decay, since decay, the energy loss of sound wave, thereby the time that echo continues must be less than 1mS.In order to improve range accuracy, need the echo duration is limited.In the present embodiment, the echo duration of qualification is 0.6 ~ 0.8ms.The ultrasound wave duration that is reflected by determinand of promptly receiving just is sent to central controller 2 with this echo in 0.6 ~ 0.8ms, otherwise this echo is given up.
If in first distance range, then controlling described switch handover module 5 control infrared switches 32, the distance that central controller 2 is judged described determinand is in open mode, so that 31 work of described infrared ray transmission circuit; If in the second distance scope, then controlling described switch handover module 5 control supersonic switch 41, the distance that central controller 2 is judged described determinand is in open mode, so that 42 work of described ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit.
In addition, in the present embodiment, if the distance of determinand equates that with the maximal value of described second distance scope and the minimum value of first distance range then the distance of determinand is measured in central controller 2 controls by described ultrasonic distance measuring module 4.
Particularly, described central controller 2 comprises: infrared signal amplification filtering circuit 22, link to each other with described infrared distance measurement module 3, and the echoed signal that receives from described infrared distance measurement module 3 is carried out amplification filtering; Ultrasonic signal amplification filtering circuit 23 links to each other with described ultrasonic distance measuring module 4, and the echoed signal that receives from described ultrasonic distance measuring module 4 is carried out amplification filtering; Modulus acquisition process circuit 24, link to each other with ultrasonic signal amplification filtering circuit 23 with described infrared signal amplification filtering circuit 22 respectively, the echoed signal of described infrared signal amplification filtering circuit 22 and 23 outputs of ultrasonic signal amplification filtering circuit is carried out analog to digital conversion; MCU module 21 links to each other with described modulus acquisition process circuit 24, calculates the distance of determinand apart from device according to the echoed signal that receives from modulus acquisition process circuit 24, and provides the control signal of described switch handover module 5 work of control.Wherein, calculate the distance employing following formula S=0.5ct of determinand apart from device, wherein S is the distance of determinand apart from device, t is that ripple is from being transmitted into the time interval of acceptance, c is the aerial velocity of propagation of light when adopting infrared distance measuring, and c is the aerial velocity of propagation of sound when adopting ultrasonic ranging.
Especially, when described electrotape has just been started working, owing to also do not obtain the distance of determinand, when the original state of electrotape, described central controller 2 is all opened described infrared switch 32 and described supersonic switch 41 by described switch handover module 5.
At this moment, if during original state, determinand is in the described electrotape of distance (greater than 8m) at a distance, the investigative range that has exceeded ultrasonic distance measuring module 4, ultrasonic distance measuring module 4 is not received echo, and the described switch handover module 5 of then described central controller 2 controls is closed ultrasonic distance measuring module 4.Come image data and passback to give described central controller 2 by described infrared distance measurement module 3, described central controller 2 obtains the distance of determinand.
If determinand is close to described electrotape direction gradually at a distance in distance, when described central controller 2 is judged determinand near to apart from described electrotape in the second distance scope time, when having entered the investigative range of ultrasonic distance measuring module 4, the described switch handover module 5 of then described central controller 2 controls is opened ultrasonic distance measuring module 4 earlier, again described infrared distance measurement module 3 is closed, come image data and passback to give described central controller 2 by described ultrasonic distance measuring module 4, described central controller 2 obtains the distance of determinand.
At this moment, if during original state, determinand is in the described electrotape of distance (less than 8m) more nearby, ultrasonic distance measuring module 4 and infrared distance measurement module 3 can detect this determinand, because during original state, described infrared switch 32 and described supersonic switch 41 are all opened, so this moment, ultrasonic distance measuring module 4 can be received echo, then described central controller 2 controls are controlled described switch handover module 5 infrared distance measurement module 3 are closed according to the distance of receiving.Come image data and passback to give described central controller 2 by described ultrasonic distance measuring module 4, described central controller 2 obtains the distance of determinand.
If determinand at the close together place gradually to moving away from described electrotape direction, the distance of judging the described electrotape of determinand distance when described central controller 2 has exceeded first distance range, move in the second distance scope, when having entered the investigative range of infrared distance measurement module 3, the described switch handover module 5 of then described central controller 2 controls is opened infrared distance measurement module 3 earlier, again described ultrasonic distance measuring module 4 is closed, come image data and passback to give described central controller 2 by described infrared distance measurement module 3, described central controller 2 obtains the distance of determinand.
Described display 6 links to each other, shows the determinand distance with described central controller 2.By display 6, can intuitively understand the distance of determinand.
Described alarm module 7 links to each other with described central controller 2, be greater than or less than ultrasonic distance measuring module 4 faults in predeterminable range or the electrotape (closely also always not receiving echo) or infrared distance measurement module 3 faults (also always not receiving echo in measuring distance) are carried out alarm in the determinand distance.Described alarm module 7 can adopt the mode with voice mode or warning lamp flicker.
In sum, a kind of electrotape of the present utility model has following beneficial effect:
1, the utility model mode of adopting infrared ray and ultrasound wave dual mode to combine is found range, when the distance determinand is far away, adopt the infrared distance measuring module to find range, when the distance determinand is nearer, adopt ultrasonic distance measuring module to find range, and by switch handover module of control, switching different range finder modules finds range, because the infrared distance measuring module has the advantage of wide range, and ultrasound wave is in that closely distance accuracy is high, thereby the utility model has solved distance-measuring equipment in the prior art or range is little or precision is low problem.
2, the utility model is simple in structure, control is convenient, low in energy consumption.
So the utility model has effectively overcome various shortcoming of the prior art and the tool high industrial utilization.
The foregoing description is illustrative principle of the present utility model and effect thereof only, but not is used to limit the utility model.Any person skilled in the art scholar all can be under spirit of the present utility model and category, and the foregoing description is modified or changed.Therefore, have in the technical field under such as and know that usually the knowledgeable modifies or changes not breaking away from all equivalences of being finished under spirit that the utility model discloses and the technological thought, must be contained by claim of the present utility model.
Claims (9)
1. an electrotape is characterized in that, comprising:
Be used to measure the infrared distance measurement module of the distance of determinand in first distance range;
Be used to measure the ultrasonic distance measuring module of the distance of determinand in the second distance scope, the maximal value of wherein said second distance scope equals the minimum value of first distance range;
The echoed signal that links to each other with described ultrasonic distance measuring module with described infrared distance measurement module respectively, receives according to described infrared distance measurement module and described ultrasonic distance measuring module judges that it still is the central controller that the second distance scope is controlled described infrared distance measurement module and described ultrasonic distance measuring module work that determinand is positioned at first distance range;
Link to each other, control the switch handover module of described infrared distance measurement module and the switching of described ultrasonic distance measuring module respectively according to the judged result of described central controller with described infrared distance measurement module, described ultrasonic distance measuring module and described central controller.
2. electrotape according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described first distance range is 8m ~ 1000m.
3. electrotape according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described second distance scope is 0.5m ~ 8m.
4. electrotape according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described central controller comprises:
Link to each other, the echoed signal that receives from described infrared distance measurement module carried out the infrared signal amplification filtering circuit of amplification filtering with described infrared distance measurement module;
Link to each other, the echoed signal that receives from described ultrasonic distance measuring module carried out the ultrasonic signal amplification filtering circuit of amplification filtering with described ultrasonic distance measuring module;
Link to each other with ultrasonic signal amplification filtering circuit with described infrared signal amplification filtering circuit respectively, the echoed signal of described infrared signal amplification filtering circuit and the output of ultrasonic signal amplification filtering circuit is carried out analog-to-digital modulus acquisition process circuit;
Link to each other with described modulus acquisition process circuit, calculate determinand apart from the distance of device and provide the MCU module of the control signal of the described switch handover module of control work according to the echoed signal that receives from modulus acquisition process circuit.
5. electrotape according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described infrared distance measurement module comprises the infrared ray transmission circuit and links to each other with described switch handover module, controls the infrared switch that described infrared ray transmission circuit is opened or closed according to the switching command of described switch handover module.
6. electrotape according to claim 5, it is characterized in that described ultrasonic distance measuring module comprises ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit and the supersonic switch that links to each other, controls according to the switching command of described switch handover module described ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit working with described switch handover module.
7. electrotape according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described infrared distance measurement module also comprises the infrared emission modulation circuit of emission infrared frequency in the described infrared ray transmission circuit of modulation; Described ultrasonic distance measuring module also comprises the ultrasonic emitting modulation circuit of emission ultrasonic frequency in the described ultrasonic transmission/reception circuit of modulation.
8. electrotape according to claim 1 is characterized in that described electrotape also comprises the display that links to each other, shows the determinand distance with described central controller.
9. electrotape according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described electrotape also comprises with described central controller and linking to each other, carries out the warning device of alarm when the determinand distance is greater than or less than predeterminable range.
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| CN 201320061373 CN203101642U (en) | 2013-02-04 | 2013-02-04 | Electronic distance measuring apparatus |
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| CN 201320061373 CN203101642U (en) | 2013-02-04 | 2013-02-04 | Electronic distance measuring apparatus |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103149566A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-06-12 | 上海大乘电气科技有限公司 | Electric distance measuring device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103149566A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-06-12 | 上海大乘电气科技有限公司 | Electric distance measuring device |
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