CN203091399U - Fermenting and drying device applied to kitchen waste treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of environmental-friendly equipment, and in particular relates to a fermenting and drying device applied to kitchen waste treatment. The fermenting and drying device is characterized by comprising a fermentation tank and a stirring shaft, wherein the fermentation tank consists of an inner layer, a middle layer and an outer layer; heat conduction oil is arranged between the middle layer and the outer layer; electric heating elements are arranged on the bottom surface between the middle layer and the inner layer; the middle layer is fixedly connected with the inner layer through a fulcrum bar; a feeding port, a bacterium feeding port and an air discharge port are formed in the top surface of the fermentation tank; a discharging port is formed in the lower part of the side surface of the fermentation tank; an automatic door closing device is arranged on the feeding port; a sealing door is arranged on the bacterium feeding port; and a discharging door is arranged on the discharging port. By adopting the structure, the fermenting and drying device has the advantages of simple structure, high treatment speed, uniform fermentation, high heating speed, automatic oxygen feeding, automatic material feeding, automatic material discharging, environmental-friendliness and the like.

Description

Fermentation and drying device for kitchen waste treatment

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection equipment, in particular to a fermentation and drying device for treating kitchen waste. the

Background technique

With the development of society and economy, the acceleration of urbanization, and the improvement of living standards, the amount of kitchen waste is increasing day by day, which has exceeded the self-purification ability of the earth and has become a worldwide public hazard: 1. Disease spread and gene mutation. Due to the similar gene sequences of vertebrates, eating each other can easily cause the spread of zoonotic diseases such as mad cow disease, foot-and-mouth disease, avian influenza, and SARS, as well as gene mutations and offspring developmental deformities caused by homologous gene pollution, which can easily induce cancer; 2. Resources waste. The annual output of kitchen waste in my country is about 60 million tons, which is equivalent to the annual production capacity of about 100 million mu of arable land, the annual output of arable land in a medium-sized province, and the annual rations of more than 200 million people. After investigation, the coastal area with a population of 2.8 million In Weihai, a prefecture-level city, more than 300,000 tons of kitchen waste are produced every year, which is equivalent to the annual production capacity of more than 500,000 mu of cultivated land, the annual output of all cultivated land in more than a dozen towns, and the annual rations of more than 700,000 people; 3. " Waste oil" returns to the dining table. Seriously threaten food safety, endanger people's health, and affect social stability; 4. Soil compaction. Kitchen waste is high in salt and fat, and it is easy to cause soil compaction when used as fertilizer, pollute land and vegetation, and reduce food production; 5. Environmental pollution. Incineration and landfill together with domestic waste will cause environmental pollution ; biogas residue and biogas slurry produced by biogas power generation will also cause secondary pollution.

In 2000, the World Health Organization clearly pointed out that kitchen waste and its processed products are prohibited from being used as animal (vertebrate) feed and organic fertilizer. In 2008, Japan enacted the "Circular Economy Law", prohibiting the use of kitchen waste and its processed products as animal (vertebrate) feed. At present, most of Japan adopts the decontamination and decontamination method, which only conducts harmless treatment of kitchen waste and does not fully utilize it as a resource. The harmless treatment and resource utilization of kitchen waste has become a worldwide problem. Therefore, in 2010, the National Development and Reform Commission proposed the policy of comprehensively implementing the policy of harmless treatment and resource utilization of food waste before 2015, but how to efficiently separate and extract oil and water from food waste and environmental protection and resource treatment of the remaining solid food waste , At present, it is still a headache for city managers and garbage disposal plants. the

In the prior art, there is a device that uses a biological fermentation tank to treat garbage. It is equipped with a stirring shaft in the fermentation tank. The upper end of the fermentation tank is provided with a feed port, and the lower side is provided with a raw material discharge port. The bottom of the fermentation tank is along the direction of the axis of the stirring shaft. There is an oxygenation gap, the air enters from the raw material discharge port of the mixing tank, and is discharged from the feeding port. The stirring shaft is provided with spiral blades to facilitate the mixing of garbage. The disadvantages are: unreasonable structure, cumbersome production, and The first is that the oxygenation gap is set at the bottom of the mixing tank, which is easy to block the material, resulting in insufficient oxygenation and fermentation. The second is that the temperature of the mixing tank is not easy to control, and the fermentation time is not fixed, resulting in insufficient fermentation and extremely slow processing efficiency. the

After retrieval, CN2730508A discloses a utility model patent for a garbage sterilization and fermentation treatment device, which includes a treatment tank, a feeding device for feeding the treatment tank and a heat supply generator for supplying heat to the treatment tank. The device is connected to the feed port of the treatment tank, the processing pipe has a feed port at the top and a discharge port at the bottom, at least two agitators are arranged along the horizontal direction of the processing tank, and the inner layer of the processing pipe is provided with heat transfer oil The interlayer, the heat supply generator is connected with the heat transfer oil interlayer and the treatment tank. Although it solves the problem of uniform heating of the fermentation tank, the disadvantage is that the structure is complicated, the heating method is cumbersome, and the above-mentioned kitchen waste cannot be directly dried. , in the process of aerobic fermentation, it is necessary to equip an air heat pipe to inflate and ferment the treatment tank, resulting in slow processing speed and unsatisfactory fermentation effect, and, in the feeding process, manual feeding is required, resulting in the health of workers cannot be guaranteed . the

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a simple structure, fast processing speed, uniform fermentation, fast heating speed, automatic oxygenation, automatic feeding, automatic discharge, environmental protection and pollution-free food for food Fermentation and drying device for kitchen waste treatment. the

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

A fermentation and drying device for treating kitchen waste, which is characterized in that it includes a fermentation tank and a stirring shaft, the stirring shaft is provided with stirring blades, and the two ends of the stirring shaft are respectively fixedly connected to the fermentation tank through bearings and bearing seats. The fermentation tank is composed of an inner layer and an outer layer, a heat conduction medium is arranged in the cavity between the inner layer and the outer layer, and a heating element is laid between the inner layer and the outer layer, so that the food waste in the fermentation tank Under the heating action of the heat conduction medium and the heating element, the temperature rises rapidly, and the whole fermentation tank is heated to achieve the effect of fast temperature rise and fermentation speed. A temperature sensor is installed on the outer layer to facilitate the control of the heat conduction medium. Temperature, fermentation The top surface of the tank is equipped with a feed port, a bacteria injection port and an exhaust port, and the lower part of the side is provided with a discharge port. The feed port is equipped with an automatic door closing device, the bacteria injection port is provided with a sealing door, and the discharge port is provided with a discharge door. , the automatic door closing device includes a feed door, an electric push rod, an electric push rod bracket, a positioning frame, a connecting rod, a guide rod, a right-angle bending plate, a gasket, a hinge shaft, a positioning sleeve and a pin shaft, and the feed gate is located at In the fermentation tank, the feeding door corresponds to the feeding port, the upper end of the feeding door is provided with a gasket, and the lower end is fixedly connected with a right-angle bent plate. It is fixed on the top surface of the fermentation tank, and the top surface of the fermentation tank corresponding to the positioning frame is fixed with an electric push rod bracket. The upper end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected with the electric push rod bracket, and the lower end is fixedly connected with the guide rod, and the guide rod passes through the electric push rod The lower end of the hole provided on the bracket, the fermentation tank and the positioning frame is hinged with the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the other end of the right-angle bent plate. When the solid-liquid separation device squeezes and separates the kitchen waste, The control system instructs the electric push rod to move, and the electric push rod drives the guide rod to move upwards. Driven by the guide rod and connecting rod, the feed door rotates counterclockwise around the hinge shaft to open the feed port, and the material passes through the solid-liquid separation device. The discharge port in the feeder enters the fermenter through the feed port. After the feed is completed, the control system commands the electric push rod to move and push the guide rod to move down. The feed door pushes the feed material under the action of the guide rod and connecting rod The door rotates clockwise with the hinge shaft as the center, and then closes the feed inlet, then opens the airtight door on the bacteria injection port, puts the compound bacteria into the fermentation tank, and the control system instructs the stirring shaft to move, so that the stirring shaft repeatedly stirs the material added with the compound bacteria Make it ferment quickly, and at the same time, command the heating element to start heating, so that the material in the fermentation tank is fermented at high temperature. During the fermentation process, because the microorganisms in the fermentation tank need sufficient oxygen during the fermentation process, the feed door is at In the open state, the oxygen in the fermentation tank is circulated and supplemented by the high-pressure fan, and the steam generated during the fermentation process is discharged into the cold steam box through the exhaust port through the dust removal cyclone for cooling treatment. The entire fermentation process takes about 10-15 hours , in order to meet the requirements of fermentation and drying, the heating element adopts two kinds of steam heating tube and electric heating rod. Steam heating is used during the fermentation process. When the fermentation is completed, the control system instructs the electric push rod to close the feed door, and the steam The heating is off and the electric heating rod in the cavity is working. The heating and drying time is usually 5-10 hours. The steam generated during the drying process is discharged from the exhaust port through the dust removal cyclone to the cold Cooling treatment is carried out in the steam box. Through the cold and heat exchange in the cold steam box, the high-temperature steam is cooled and then discharged into the deodorization device through a high-pressure fan for deodorization treatment. After drying, open the outlet on the side of the fermentation tank , turn on the agitator to quickly discharge the material.

At least two parallel stirring shafts are arranged in the fermentation tank of the present invention. The stirring blade on the stirring shaft is composed of a stirring plate, a support rod and a fixed sleeve. The stirring plate is in an irregular arc shape. The plate is fixedly connected, and the other end is fixedly connected with the fixed sleeve fixed on the stirring shaft. There are more than two stirring blades axially fixed on the stirring shaft, and the installation position of the stirring plate is fixed on the stirring shaft by the track of the spiral stirring blade. Above, the installation positions of the stirring plates of the two parallel stirring shafts are the same, so as to facilitate the diversion of materials and prevent the materials from remaining in the fermentation tank, so that the materials in the fermentation tank can be guided by the stirring blades on the two stirring shafts. , quick and clean discharge. the

In the present invention, a sealing sleeve can be fixed in the holes provided on the electric push rod bracket, the fermentation tank and the positioning frame, an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged in the sealing sleeve, and the guide rod passes through the sealing sleeve and the O-shaped sealing ring on the inner wall of the sealing sleeve. The lower end is hinged with the connecting rod, so as to achieve good sealing effect and dry under negative pressure. the

Due to the adoption of the above structure, the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, fast processing speed, uniform fermentation, fast heating speed, automatic oxygenation, automatic feeding, automatic discharging, environmental protection and no pollution. the

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a rear view of the present invention. the

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the automatic door closing device in the present invention. the

Fig. 4 is a left side view of Fig. 3 . the

Detailed ways:

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described:

As shown in the accompanying drawings, a fermentation and drying device for treating kitchen waste is characterized in that it includes a fermentation tank 31 and a stirring shaft 32. The stirring shaft 32 is provided with a stirring blade 33, and the two ends of the stirring shaft 32 are The bearing and the bearing seat are fixedly connected with the fermenter 31, the fermenter 32 is composed of an inner layer and an outer layer, a heat conducting medium is arranged in the cavity between the inner layer and the outer layer, and a Heating element, the heating element can adopt steam heating element 34, also can adopt electric heating rod 35, can also adopt steam heating element 34 and electric heating rod 35 at the same time, the present invention preferably adopts two kinds at the same time, described heat conduction medium can adopt The oil medium can also be connected to an external heat-conducting medium through a connecting pipe. The heat-conducting medium can introduce high-temperature water into the cavity through the ground source heat pump technology to reduce the power consumption of the present invention. The kitchen waste in the fermentation tank 31 is conducting heat. Under the heating effect of the medium and the heating element, the temperature rises rapidly, and the whole fermenter 31 is heated to achieve the effect of fast temperature rise and fast fermentation. The outer layer is provided with a temperature sensor to facilitate the control of the temperature of the heat-conducting medium. 31 The top surface is provided with a feed port 36, a bacterium injection port 37 and an exhaust port 38, and the lower part of the side is provided with a discharge port 39, the feed port 36 is provided with an automatic door closing device 54, and the bacterium injection port 37 is provided with a sealed door , the discharge port 39 is provided with a discharge door, and the automatic door closing device includes a feed door 40, an electric push rod 41, an electric push rod bracket 42, a positioning frame 43, a connecting rod 44, a guide rod 45, and a right-angle bent plate 46 , sealing gasket 47, hinge shaft 48, positioning sleeve 49 and bearing pin 50, feeding door 40 is located in the fermentation tank 31, and feeding door 40 corresponds to feeding port 36, and the upper end of feeding door 40 is provided with sealing gasket 47 , the lower end is fixedly connected with the right-angle bent plate 46, and the two ends on one side of the feed door 40 are respectively hinged with the positioning frame 43 through the hinge shaft 48, and the positioning frame 43 is fixed on the inner top surface of the fermentation tank 31, corresponding to the fermentation tank 31 of the positioning frame 43 An electric push rod support 42 is fixed on the top surface, the upper end of the electric push rod 41 is fixedly connected with the electric push rod support 42, and the lower end is fixedly connected with the guide rod 45, and the guide rod 45 passes through the electric push rod support 42, the fermentation tank 31 and the positioning frame The lower end of the hole provided on 43 is hinged with the connecting rod 44, and the other end of the connecting rod 44 is hinged with the other end of the right-angle bent plate 46 through the pin shaft 50. The control system instructs the electric push rod 41 to move, and the electric push rod 41 drives the guide rod 45 to move upwards. Driven by the guide rod 45 and the connecting rod 44, the feed door 40 rotates counterclockwise around the hinge shaft 48 to open the feed port. 36. The material enters the fermentation tank 31 through the discharge port of the solid-liquid separation device 4 through the feed port 36. After the feeding is completed, the control system commands the electric push rod 41 to move, pushing the guide rod 45 down, and the feed door 40, under the action of the guide rod 45 and the connecting rod 44, promote the feed door 40 to rotate clockwise around the hinge shaft 48, and then close the feed port 36, then open the airtight door on the bacterium injection port 37, and feed to the fermenter 31 The complex bacteria are put into the interior, and the control system instructs the stirring shaft 32 to move, so that the stirring shaft 32 is reversed. Stir and add the material of complex bacteria to make it ferment quickly, and at the same time, command the heating element to start heating, so that the material in the fermentation tank 31 is fermented at high temperature. During the fermentation process, because the microorganisms in the fermentation tank need sufficient The feed door 40 is in an open state, the oxygen in the fermentation tank 31 is circulated and supplemented by the high-pressure fan 51, and the steam generated in the fermentation process is discharged into the cold steam box 53 through the dust removal cyclone 52 through the exhaust port for further processing. Cooling treatment, the entire fermentation process takes about 10-15 hours. In order to meet the requirements of fermentation and drying, steam heating is used during the fermentation process. When the fermentation is completed, the control system instructs the electric push rod 41 to close the feed door 40. At the same time, the steam heating is turned off, and the electric heating rod in the cavity is working. The heating and drying time is usually 5-10 hours. The steam generated during the drying process is discharged from the exhaust port through the dust removal cyclone 52 into the cold steam box 53 for cooling treatment. , through the cold and heat exchange in the cold steam box 53, the high-temperature steam is cooled and discharged into the ionization deodorization device 6 through the high-pressure fan 51 for deodorization treatment. After drying, open the discharge port 39 on the side of the fermentation tank 31 , the material can be quickly discharged after being stirred by the stirring shaft 32,

The fermentation tank 31 in the biological fermentation and drying device of the present invention is provided with at least two parallel stirring shafts 32, and the stirring blade 33 on the stirring shaft 32 is made up of a stirring plate, a pole and a fixed sleeve, and the stirring plate is Irregular arc, one end of the pole is fixedly connected with the stirring plate, and the other end is fixedly connected with the fixed sleeve fixed on the stirring shaft 32, and more than two stirring blades 33 are axially fixed on the stirring shaft 32, and the stirring plate The installation position is fixed on the stirring shaft 32 with the track of the spiral stirring blade, and the installation positions of the stirring plates of the two parallel stirring shafts 32 are the same, so as to facilitate the diversion of the material, prevent the material from remaining in the fermentation tank, and make the fermentation The materials in the tank 31 are quickly and cleanly discharged through the guide flow of the stirring blades 33 on the two stirring shafts 32 .

The present invention can be fixed with sealing sleeve 120 in the hole that electric push rod support 48, fermentation tank 31 and positioning frame 43 are provided with, and sealing sleeve 120 is provided with O-shaped sealing ring 121, and guide rod 45 passes through sealing sleeve 120 and The lower end of the O-ring 121 on the inner wall of the sealing sleeve 120 is hinged with the connecting rod 44, so as to achieve good sealing effect and dry under negative pressure. the

Due to the adoption of the above structure, the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, fast processing speed, uniform fermentation, fast heating speed, automatic oxygenation, automatic feeding, automatic discharging, environmental protection and no pollution. the

Claims (3)

1. a fermentation of processing for kitchen castoff, drying device, it is characterized in that comprising fermentation tank and shaft, shaft is provided with stirring vane, the shaft two ends are respectively through bearing, bearing block is fixedly connected with fermentation tank, described fermentation tank is to consist of internal layer and skin, be provided with heat-conducting medium in cavity between internal layer and skin, be equipped with heating element heater between internal layer and skin, skin is provided with temperature sensor, the fermentation tank end face is provided with charging aperture, throw bacterium mouth and exhaust outlet, the bottom, side is provided with discharging opening, charging aperture is provided with door engine, throw the bacterium mouth and be provided with hermatic door, discharging opening is provided with discharge door, described door engine comprises feeding gate, electric pushrod, the electric pushrod support, locating rack, connecting rod, guide rod, angle block of right angle, sealing gasket, hinge, positioning sleeve and bearing pin, feeding gate is located in fermentation tank, feeding gate is corresponding with charging aperture, the feeding gate upper end is provided with sealing gasket, lower end is fixedly connected with angle block of right angle, feeding gate one side two ends are hinged through hinge and locating rack respectively, locating rack is fixed on the fermentation tank inner top surface, be fixed with the electric pushrod support on the fermentation tank end face of corresponding locating rack, the electric pushrod upper end is fixedly connected with the electric pushrod support, lower end is fixedly connected with guide rod, guide rod is through the electric pushrod support, lower end, hole and connecting rod that fermentation tank and locating rack are provided with are hinged, the connecting rod other end and the angle block of right angle other end are hinged.

2. a kind of fermentation of processing for kitchen castoff according to claim 1, drying device, it is characterized in that in described fermentation tank at least being provided with two shafts that parallel, stirring vane on shaft is by agitating plate, pole and fixed cover form, agitating plate is irregular arc, pole one end is fixedly connected with agitating plate, the other end is fixedly connected with the fixed cover on being fixed on shaft, on shaft, axial restraint has plural stirring vane, and the installation site of agitating plate is that the track with the spirality stirring vane is fixed on shaft, the installation site of the agitating plate of two shafts that parallel is identical.

3. a kind of fermentation, drying device of processing for kitchen castoff according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being fixed with sealing shroud in hole that electric pushrod support, fermentation tank and locating rack be provided with, be provided with the O RunddichtringO in sealing shroud, guide rod is hinged through O RunddichtringO lower end and the connecting rod of sealing shroud and sealing shroud inwall.

Images