CN203069794U - Single-station seismic P-wave detection and early warning instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed in the utility model is a single-station seismic P-wave detection and early warning instrument, which relates to the seismological observation technical field. The instrument comprises a data collection module, a data analyzing recording module, and a communication and alarm module, wherein the modules are successively connected. The data collection module is composed of a three-axial force-balance type acceleration sensor and an external acceleration sensor interface; the a data analyzing recording module includes an AD converter, a digital signal processor (DSP), an advanced RSC machine (ARM) and a system thereof, a global position system (GPS) module, a real-time clock, and an SD memory card; and the communication and alarm module includes a computer and an alarm box. According to the single-station seismic P-wave detection and early warning instrument provided by the utility model, the seismic data collection, storage, analyzing and alarming are integrated and the earthquake monitoring and seismic P-wave early warning can be realized only by using one device. Moreover, the provided instrument has the characteristics of small size, light weight, portability, convenient installation and low cost and is suitable for station network laying of earthquake early warning projects of major engineering and the national earthquake early warning science research projects.

Description

A kind of single station earthquake P ripple detects early-warning apparatus

Technical field

The utility model relates to the seismological observation technology, relates in particular to a kind of single station earthquake P ripple and detects early-warning apparatus.

Background technology

When earthquake takes place, at first be to take place simultaneously with 2 seismic events of S ripple (shear wave) from focus P ripple (compressional wave).The P ripple is propagated with the speed of per second 3.5km with speed, the S ripple of Mei Miao Approximately 6km at the shallow-layer of the earth's crust.Because the speed difference that the P ripple is propagated with the S ripple, at first can feel slight rocking (P ripple), be big rocking (S ripple) then.From focus more away from Zhe Inter every just more long.

Because P ripple pace in all seismic events is the fastest, also arrive at the earliest, and the P wave energy is transmitted in solid, liquid or gas.The early warning of earthquake P ripple is exactly to utilize the P ripple different with the transmission speed of S ripple, utilize travel-time difference between the two to position earthquake, damage envelope and degree that earthquake is possible are carried out rapid evaluation, send early warning the blink before seismic wave arrives devastatingly.

Existing earthquake P ripple early warning system is by a plurality of seismograph station networkings or sensor network seismic activity to be monitored, and after detecting P ripple and S ripple, estimates by the difference of calculating P ripple and S ripple time of arrival and the earthquake magnitude of earthquake to send early warning signal then.

The shortcoming and defect of existing earthquake P ripple early warning system is:

1, the laying of seismograph station construction and sensor network investment is bigger, and the duration is longer, and construction requirement is than higher;

Need a plurality of seismograph stations or sensor to monitor simultaneously when 2, carrying out the early warning of earthquake P ripple.

The utility model content

The purpose of this utility model just is to overcome the shortcoming and defect that prior art exists, and provides a kind of integrated earthquake data acquisition, record, processing and warning function to detect early-warning apparatus in single station earthquake P ripple of one.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that

One, a kind of single station earthquake P ripple detects early-warning apparatus (abbreviation early-warning apparatus)

Comprise the data acquisition module, data analysis logging modle and communication and the alarm module that connect successively;

Described data acquisition module is made up of three axial force balance formula acceleration transducers and profile acceleration sensor interface;

Described data analysis logging modle is made up of AD converter, DSP, ARM and system thereof, GPS module, real-time clock and SD storage card;

Three axial force balance formula acceleration transducers, AD converter, DSP are connected successively with ARM and system thereof, real time data are analyzed and sent to communication and alarm module; The data of ARM and system thereof (23) are stored in the storage card (27);

The GPS module is connected with DSP with AD converter respectively, realizes that single station earthquake P ripple detects the positional information of the global location of early-warning apparatus, cooperates real-time clock to realize precise time control simultaneously;

Real-time clock is connected with DSP22, cooperates with the GPS module to realize precise time control;

Described communication and alarm module are made up of computing machine, warning box and P ripple early-warning apparatus application software; Computing machine is connected with the warning box front and back, realizes reporting to the police; Application software is implanted in the computing machine.

Two, a kind of single station earthquake P ripple detects method for early warning (abbreviation method for early warning)

This method for early warning comprises the following steps:

1. three axial force balance formula acceleration transducers are gathered vibration data in real time;

2. by the data analysis logging modle real-time vibration data is analyzed;

3. after picking up earthquake P ripple signal, communication and alarm module then report to the police;

4. communication and alarm module are connected with network, send earthquake alarm information to terminal;

5. upload geological data function, online updating function and instrument state simultaneously.

Principle of work of the present utility model is:

Data acquisition module is gathered acceleration information in real time and is sent to the data analysis logging modle; Pick up P ripple information when the data analysis logging modle, utilize former seconds Wave data of P ripple primary wave to calculate time, place and earthquake magnitude that earthquake takes place then.When earthquake may produce destruction to protected object, the alarm module of then initiating earthquake sent alerting signal, reminded the user to take the emergency disposal measure.

The utlity model has following advantage and good effect:

1, integrates earthquake data acquisition, storage, analysis and report to the police, only need a single device just can realize seismic monitoring and the early warning of earthquake P ripple;

2, have little, the light portative characteristics of volume, easy for installation, cost is lower;

3, be applicable to that the earthquake pre-warning project of Important Project and the platform screen cloth of national earthquake pre-warning scientific research project establish.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is block diagram of the present utility model.

Among the figure:

10-data acquisition module,

11-three axial force balance formula acceleration transducers,

12-profile acceleration sensor interface;

20-data analysis logging modle,

21-AD converter,

22-DSP(Digital Signal Processor, digital signal processor),

23-ARM and system thereof (ARM, Advanced RISC Machines, processor),

24-GPS module (GPS, Global Position System, GPS),

25-P ripple warning algorithm,

26-real-time clock,

27-SD storage card;

30-communication and alarm module,

31-computing machine;

32-warning box,

33-P ripple early-warning apparatus application software;

Fig. 2 uploads the geological data functional flow diagram;

Among the figure:

The signal that 41-detection ARM and system 23 thereof send;

42-whether have to need to report to the police;

43-send alerting signal to warning box;

44-connection network;

45-upload geological data to terminal.

Fig. 3 is the online updating functional flow diagram.

Among the figure:

51-connect network to specifying network address;

52-whether renewal arranged;

53-down loading updating program;

54-installation procedure;

55-withdraw from update functions.

Fig. 4 uploads the instrument state functional flow diagram;

Among the figure:

61-connect network to terminal;

62-monitoring instrument state;

63-whether fault-signal arranged;

64-send the instrument failure alerting signal to terminal.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is described in detail.

1, overall

As Fig. 1, the utility model comprises data acquisition module 10, data analysis logging modle 20 and communication and the alarm module 30 that connects successively.

2, functional block

1) data acquisition module 10

Data acquisition module 10 is made up of three axial force balance formula acceleration transducers 11 and profile acceleration sensor interface 12.

(1) three axial force balance formula acceleration transducer 11

The main reference technical indicator of the sensor that three axial force balance formula acceleration transducers 11 are selected for use comprises:

Measurement range: ± 2g;

Sensitivity: ± 1.25V/g;

Dynamic range:〉135dB;

Damping constant: 0.7;

Output impedance:＜1 Ω;

The natural frequency of vibration: 80Hz;

Frequency band: 0～80Hz;

Quiescent current is three-component:＜10mA;

The quiescent current list divides to＜3mA;

Cross sensitivity: 1 ‰ g/g;

The linearity:＜full-scale 1%.

As select the SLJ-100 type three axial force balance formula accelerometers of China Seismological Bureau Engineering Mechanical Institute for use.

The function of three axial force balance formula acceleration transducers 11 is low noise uninterrupted real-time vibration datas of monitoring and gather in real time continuously.

(2) the profile acceleration sensor interface 12

Profile acceleration sensor interface 12 is the expansion sensor interfaces that are equipped with, and is used for the profile acceleration sensor.

2) data analysis logging modle 20

Data analysis logging modle 20 is made up of AD converter 21, DSP22, ARM and system 23 thereof, GPS module 24, real-time clock 26 and SD storage card 27;

Its annexation is:

Three axial force balance formula acceleration transducers 11, AD converter 21, DSP22 and ARM and system 23 thereof are connected successively, real time data are analyzed and sent to communication and alarm module 30; P ripple warning algorithm 25 is implanted in ARM and the system 23 thereof, and the data of ARM and system 23 thereof are stored in the storage card 27;

GPS module 24 is connected with DSP22 with AD converter 21 respectively, realizes that single station earthquake P ripple detects the positional information of the global location of early-warning apparatus, cooperates real-time clock 26 to realize precise time control simultaneously;

Real-time clock 26 is connected with DSP22, cooperates with GPS module 24 to realize precise time control.

(1) AD converter 21

AD converter 21 is a kind of analog to digital converters commonly used, is used for the signal that three axial force balance formula acceleration transducers 11 and the profile acceleration sensor that is connected with profile acceleration sensor interface 12 send is carried out analog to digital conversion.

（2）DSP22

DSP22 is a kind of digital signal processor commonly used.

(3) ARM and system 23 thereof

ARM and system 23 thereof are a kind of processor commonly used and system thereof, have implanted P ripple warning algorithm 25, have realized the function to the early warning of P ripple.

(4) the GPS module 24

GPS module 24 is GPS, is used for providing single station earthquake P ripple to detect the positional information of the global location of early-warning apparatus, cooperates real-time clock 26 to realize precise time control simultaneously.

(5) P ripple warning algorithm 25

P ripple warning algorithm 25 is implanted in ARM and the system 23 thereof, its objective is to calculate earthquake occurrence positions and earthquake magnitude, to judge earthquake whether the early warning target is had destruction.Algorithm mainly comprise the P ripple then, the algorithm of epicenter azimuth, epicentral distance and earthquake magnitude, main reference following document write this algorithm.

[1]Allen?R?V.Automatic?earthquake?recognition?and?timing?from?single?traces[J].Bulletin?of?the?Seismological?Society?of?America,1978,68(5):1521.

[2]Leonard?M,Kennett?B.Multi-component?autoregressive?techniques?for?the?analysis?of?seismograms[J].Physics?of?the?earth?and?planetary?interiors,1999,113(1-4):247-63.

[3] Zhou Yanwen. based on the early earthquake method for early warning research [D] of separate unit P ripple record; Lanzhou Seismic Inst., Chinese Bureau of Seismology, 2008.

[4]Odaka?T,Ashiya?k,TSUKADA?S,et?al.A?new?method?of?quickly?estimating?epicentral?distance?and?magnitude?from?a?single?seismic?record[J].Bulletin?of?the?Seismological?Society?of?America,2003,93(1):526.

(6) real-time clock 26

Real-time clock 26 is a kind of clocks commonly used, cooperates with GPS module 24 to realize precise time control.

(7) the SD storage card 27

SD storage card 27 is storeies of using always, is mainly used in storing the geological data of multiple form, as SAC, SEED, MINISEED, EVENT form etc.

3) communication and alarm module 30

Communication and alarm module 30 are made up of computing machine 31, warning box 32 and P ripple early-warning apparatus application software 33.

Computing machine 31 is connected with warning box 32 front and back, realizes reporting to the police etc.;

P ripple early-warning apparatus application software 33 is implanted in the computing machine 31.

(1) computing machine 31

Computing machine 31 is computing machines of using always, computing machine 31 front and back are connected with warning box 32 with ARM and system 23 thereof, cooperate the realization earthquake alarm with the P ripple early-warning apparatus application software of implanting 33, upload geological data, upload the function of instrument state and on-line software updating.

(2) warning box 32

The function of warning box 32 is that the alarm command according to computing machine 31 sends corresponding warning.

(3) P ripple early-warning apparatus application software 33

P ripple early-warning apparatus application software is implanted in the computing machine 33, has realized the function of uploading geological data, uploading instrument state and on-line software updating.

3, principle of work

Data acquisition module 10 is uninterruptedly gathered vibration datas in real time, and the vibration data of gathering is sent to data analysis logging modle 20.

Three axial data of data recording analysis module 20 real time record three axial force balance formula acceleration transducers, simulating signal is converted into digital signal, and can multiple sampling rate record, as 50HZ, 100HZ, 200HZ etc., has P ripple warning function, when detecting earthquake P ripple, namely several seconds waveforms of P wavefront are analyzed, determine time, place and earthquake magnitude that earthquake takes place; Geological data can be stored with the several data form; Data analysis logging modle 20 can be analyzed real time data and send to communication and alarm module 30.

The main effect of communication and alarm module 30 is to detect the mutual of early-warning apparatus and terminal for earthquake alarm and single station earthquake P ripple, the realization earthquake alarm, uploads geological data, uploads the function of instrument state and on-line software updating.

4, P ripple early-warning apparatus application software functional sequence

The function that P ripple early-warning apparatus application software realizes comprises to be uploaded geological data, online updating and uploads instrument state.

1) uploads the geological data functional sequence

As Fig. 2, upload the geological data functional sequence and realized uploading geological data after the earthquake, triggering the function that warning box is reported to the police.Its flow process is as follows:

1. detect the signal 41 that ARM and system 23 thereof send;

Whether need report to the police 42, be then to enter next step, otherwise turn back to step 1. if 2. having;

3. send alerting signal 43 to warning box;

4. connect network 44;

5. upload geological data 45 to terminal, flow process finishes.

2) online updating functional sequence

As Fig. 3, the online updating functional sequence has been realized the function of the online updating of P ripple early-warning apparatus application software.Its flow process is as follows:

1. connect network to specifying network address 51;

2. whether have and upgrade 52, be then to enter next step, otherwise turn back to step 1.;

3. the down loading updating program 53;

4. installation procedure 54;

5. withdraw from update functions 55, flow process finishes.

3) upload the instrument state functional sequence

As Fig. 4, upload the function that the instrument state functional sequence has realized sending to terminal the instrument state data.When the staff on terminal finds fault alarm is arranged, can in time send the maintenance personal to go maintenance.Its flow process is as follows:

1. connect network to terminal 61;

2. the monitoring instrument state 62;

Whether 3. fault-signal 63 arranged, be then to enter next step, otherwise turn back to step 2.;

4. send instrument failure alerting signal 64 to terminal, flow process finishes.

Claims (1)

1. a single station earthquake P ripple detects early-warning apparatus, it is characterized in that:

Comprise data acquisition module (10), data analysis logging modle (20) and the communication and the alarm module (30) that connect successively;

Described data acquisition module (10) is made up of three axial force balance formula acceleration transducers (11) and profile acceleration sensor interface (12);

Described data analysis logging modle (20) is by AD converter (21), DSP(22), ARM and system (23), GPS module (24), real-time clock (26) and SD storage card (27) form;

Three axial force balance formula acceleration transducers (11), AD converter (21), DSP(22) be connected successively with ARM and system (23) thereof, real time data is analyzed and is sent to communication and alarm module (30); The data of ARM and system thereof (23) are stored in the storage card (27);

GPS module (24) respectively with AD converter (21) and DSP(22) be connected, realize that single station earthquake P ripple detects the positional information of the global location of early-warning apparatus, cooperates real-time clock (26) to realize precise time control simultaneously;

Real-time clock (26) and DSP(22) be connected, cooperate with GPS module (24) and realize precise time control;

Described communication and alarm module (30) are made up of computing machine (31) and warning box (32);

Computing machine (31) is connected with warning box (32) front and back, realizes reporting to the police.

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