CN203037936U - Ultrahigh-resolution infrared camera lens - Google Patents
Ultrahigh-resolution infrared camera lens Download PDFInfo
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- CN203037936U CN203037936U CN 201220590831 CN201220590831U CN203037936U CN 203037936 U CN203037936 U CN 203037936U CN 201220590831 CN201220590831 CN 201220590831 CN 201220590831 U CN201220590831 U CN 201220590831U CN 203037936 U CN203037936 U CN 203037936U
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Abstract
An ultrahigh-resolution infrared camera lens comprises four parts including a primary mirror 1, a secondary mirror 2, a light splitting device and photosensitive elements 5 which are placed on a main optical path in sequence. The primary mirror 1 and the secondary mirror 2 are reflecting mirrors, the light splitting device is a micro lens array and imitates the compound eye structure of the insect, small hexagonal lens arrays are respectively coated on a semi-spherical surface of a spherical lens, and micro lenses are identical in structural form and size. Light beams are split by the micro lens array, a high-definition CCD photosensitive element 5 is arranged at the back of each micro lens, a sub image is formed on each high-definition CCD photosensitive element 5. Then, feature point extraction and matching calculation are carried out on each sub image, and effective pixels in the sub images are extracted and re-spliced to finally obtain an ultrahigh-resolution image. The utility model provides a solution for the problem that an infrared instrument cannot obtain a high-resolution image as the overall resolution of an imaging system is conditioned by a CCD device.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of infrared lens, and it is to utilize microlens array to realize the light beam light splitting technology, by each lenticule imaging, carries out the image splicing then and realizes ultrahigh resolution.
Background technology
Development along with optical image technology, the resolution of system will not only be subject to the diffraction limit of optical system, also to be subjected to detector sample frequency deficiency and cause the influence that folds confusion effect, and at this problem, improve the resolution of system, the most direct solution is the pixel dimension that reduces detector.Under the prerequisite of the clear aperature that guarantees optical system and modulation transfer function, pixel dimension is more little, and resolution will be more high.Adopt the detector chip of little pixel dimension, can take full advantage of the resolution characteristic of optical system, but its shortcoming is the restriction that is subjected to camera optics relative aperture, focal plane radiant illumination and detector technique manufacturing method, and the minimizing of pixel dimension has a ultimate value, along with the detector pixel dimension reduces, shot noise also will increase, and the minimum light illumination that pixel receives reduces, sensitivity reduces, and also can produce the cross-talk phenomenon between pixel in addition.So for the whole imaging performance of balance detection device, electro-optical system is infrared system especially, the photosensitive area of detector there is certain requirement, the size of pixel cannot reduce arbitrarily.
Infrared thermal imaging technique is a kind of passive infrared night vision technology, after its principle infrared gear converts the ultrared power signal of object radiation to electric signal, imaging device just can simulate the space distribution of body surface temperature correspondingly, finally by system handles, form the heat picture vision signal, reach on the display screen, just obtain the thermography corresponding with the body surface heat distribution, i.e. thermal-induced imagery.The pixel of the detector of infrared gear at most only is 4096 * 4096 at present, the pixel of picture is about 1,600 ten thousand pixels, the pixel count of general infrared gear only is millions of pixels, commercial infrared detector pixel commonly used is 320 * 240 and 640 * 480, the pixel size is 25 μ m～50 μ m, and the picture pixel that obtains is low, precision is not high.The ultrahigh resolution that realizes imaging system mainly is to improve the problem of the spatial resolution of the diffraction limit that the optical system relative aperture limits, and the whole resolution of most of photo electric imaging systems mainly is limited by CCD, the resolution that therefore will improve system has two kinds of methods, the one, realize that with optical means the image splicing realizes high resolving power, another is the geometric resolution that improves the CCD photo-sensitive cell.
(1) utilize the method for CCD splicing to realize high resolving power.Generally speaking, the pixel of ccd detector is more high, and the picture quality of formation is just more high, and sharpness also just uprises, but the ccd detector spare of infrared gear has limited the resolution of instrument.The quantum efficiency of infrared CCD detector be difficult to improve, because the energy of infrared photon is little, quantum efficiency is low, has dwindled its detection sensitivity, and large-area CCD does the difficulty height, and area is big, and the imaging system aberration is big, and difficulty is also high.
(2) method of optics splicing realizes that high resolving power is method commonly used at present, and the optics splicing is divided into light path light splitting and two kinds of versions of light beam light splitting.The light path branch only passes through Amici prism before field stop, be created in and be separated from each other on the physical construction and optics image planes some imaging planes of conjugation each other, and on each imaging plane the accurate locus of each CCD photo-sensitive cell of Installation And Calibration, realize the seamless spliced of image planes.The light beam branch only utilizes the light beam light splitting to realize the optics splicing.On the image planes of first sphere, with the light beam light splitting, settle n CCD photo-sensitive cell to cover whole imaging viewing field in second image planes by follow-up switching camera lens array Scenery Imaging.The coordinate system process of each CCD is calibrated, read at image and realize in the processing organically combining, finish splicing realization high-resolution imaging with optics and mechanical system.
Summary of the invention
Camera lens in the utility model mainly is the problem that is subject to photo-sensitive cell for the resolution of resolution system, and a kind of optical lens of realizing the infrared gear ultrahigh resolution is provided.
Solution of the present utility model is to adopt the high resolving power of the method realization camera lens of optics splicing.This camera lens comprises primary mirror, secondary mirror, microlens array and CCD photo-sensitive cell four parts, it is characterized in that primary mirror is concave mirror, secondary mirror is convex reflecting mirror, the face shape of catoptron is sphere or aspheric surface, the intermediate focal plane that primary mirror and secondary mirror form is sphere, the microlens array of array on hemisphere face is light-dividing device, and target beam is carried out light splitting; Good in order to guarantee image quality, lenticular version is compound camera lens, is made up of several optical elements: each lenticular optical texture and optics are identical; Lenticular size is that the minimal illumination that is received by photo-sensitive cell determines, lenticular number is that scope and the lenticular size that the visual field by system covers determines.In imaging process, rearmounted CCD photo-sensitive cell of each lenticule in the microlens array, each photo-sensitive cell becomes a width of cloth subimage to the detection of a target; Because photo-sensitive cell can not cover whole visual field fully, will inevitably cause between every width of cloth subimage and have white space, therefore need to extract and splice again valid pixel in the subimage, finally obtain a panel height image in different resolution: camera lens is debug the back silicone rubber seal, prevent that air from entering, keep the good sealing property of optical instrument own.
The utility model is compared with existing infrared imagery technique, has following advantage:
1, utilizes microlens array that light path is carried out light splitting, finally realize ultrahigh resolution, broken through the restriction of CCD sensor devices to entire system resolution, significantly improved the image quality of system.
2, intermediate focal plane is sphere, and on the general camera lens focal plane, more near edge, image quality is more poor, the spherical coke plane ideal symmetrical guaranteed image quality homogeneous everywhere.
3, reduced and utilize several pictures that repeatedly obtain to splice difficulty and the cost that obtains high-definition picture.
4, whole optics cavity is adopted encapsulation process, reduce humidity and salt fog to the influence of optical system.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further specified.
Fig. 1 is the light path synoptic diagram of optical system in the super-resolution infrared camera camera lens.
Fig. 2 is the microlens array that is arranged in the hemispherical field of view.
Fig. 3 is image splicing flow process.
1 is primary mirror among the figure, and surface type is sphere or aspheric surface, and 2 is secondary mirror, and surface type is sphere or aspheric surface, and minute surface is sphere, and 3 is intermediate focal plane, and the focal plane type is sphere, and 4 is lenticule, and 5 is photo-sensitive cell, and 6 is infrared ray.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to embodiment.
Among the following embodiment, if no special instructions, be conventional method.
The various units that use among the embodiment, the unified national standard that adopts.
Embodiment 1: the composition of optical system.
The optical system of this camera adopts catadioptric formula as shown in Figure 1, microlens array, photo-sensitive cell 5 that the structure of optical system comprises primary mirror 1, secondary mirror 2, is made of lenticule 4.Wherein light-dividing device has imitated the compound eye structural of insect-be covered with many hexagonal micro objective arrays at the sphere of sphere lens, the rearmounted CCD sensor devices of each micro objective array, and system is sent to image in separately the sensor.Primary mirror 1 and secondary mirror 2 are reflective lens, the intermediate image plane of imaging is sphere, in the circular field range after intermediate image plane, (general camera lens is more near edge for several lens realization light beam light splitting of array on the sphere, resolution is more poor, different with flat lens meeting edge region loss resolution, the ideal symmetrical of sphere lens has guaranteed resolution homogeneous everywhere).When the infrared ray 6 of target emission entered the inside of camera, through the reflection arrival secondary mirror 2 of primary mirror 1, through being imaged on the intermediate focal plane 3 after the reflection, the imaging of target this moment once again.When light is through light-dividing device then, be divided into some bundles (n microlens array arranged, and light just is divided into the n bundle) by microlens array, every Shu Guang is imaged on the photo-sensitive cell 5 through corresponding lenticule, form piece image, the resolution of this width of cloth image is determined by photo-sensitive cell.Place a photo-sensitive cell behind each lens, than forming piece image on each photo-sensitive cell, the image of each panel height resolution finally forms the image of a width of cloth ultrahigh resolution through after the image transmission and splicing.
(1) primary mirror.Primary mirror is concave mirror, and face shape is sphere or aspheric surface, and reflecting surface can not introduced aberration in system imaging, thereby has reduced the difficulty of back lenticule anaberration.Use non-spherical lens that the structure of optical device is greatly simplified, and can improve its optical property greatly.The summit of curved surface is taken at initial point, and then the equation of curved surface is:
y
2＝2r
0x-(1-e
2)x
2
R wherein
0Be the radius-of-curvature of curved surface, e is the excentricity of curved surface.When utilizing the optical system of Code V to be optimized, system will change curvature and the excentricity of surface equation automatically, improve image quality.
(2) secondary mirror.Secondary mirror is convex reflecting mirror, and face shape is sphere or aspheric surface, can not introduce aberration in system imaging, thereby has reduced the difficulty of back lenticule anaberration.
(3) intermediate focal plane.The face type of the intermediate focal plane after target process primary mirror and the secondary mirror imaging is sphere.On the general camera lens focal plane, more near edge, image quality is more poor, and the ideal symmetrical on spherical coke plane has guaranteed image quality homogeneous everywhere.
(4) microlens array.The lenticular version of array all on hemisphere face and size are identical with the lenticule at center, reduce design and cost of processing.
(5) adopt the mode of hexagonal array for light-dividing device, because array adopts quadrilateral or pentagon, the clear area can appear in the middle of the lenticule of array, influence to imaging lens has 2 points, the one, do not take full advantage of light-dividing device, cause the waste of energy, another is the number that has reduced microlens array, reduces the resolution of the image that obtains after the final splicing.
(6) CCD photo-sensitive cell.Satisfy under the situation of signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and minimum light illumination in assurance, the CCD photo-sensitive cell of selecting resolution height, photosensitive area and lenticule to be complementary as far as possible, be the little photo-sensitive cell of single pixel area, can guarantee lenticular image quality, can improve the resolution of spliced panoramic picture again.
Embodiment 2: the no thermalization design of system.
All elements in the optical system all can change along with variation of temperature, all can change as glass materials refractive index, radius-of-curvature, thickness etc., and the image planes of system are drifted about, and cause out of focus, and image quality is reduced greatly.For the image quality that guarantees optical system is not subjected to Temperature Influence, need system not had the thermalization design, thereby the assurance system keeps focal length in a bigger temperature range, picture element is constant or change very little.Common no thermalization method for designing has mechanical passive type, dynamo-electric active and PASSIVE OPTICAL formula.(1) mechanical passive type.The machinery passive type is to utilize thermally sensitive mechanical material or memorial alloy, make one or one group of lens generation axial displacement, thereby compensation is because the image planes displacement that temperature variation causes.(2) dynamo-electric active.Thermal sensor and feedback circuit in system, have been added, according to the displacement relation that image planes produce during temperature variation in the design process, when temperature variation, heat detecting sensor goes out variation of temperature, feed back to physical construction and mobile corresponding amount of movement by feedback circuit, the lens that are connected with physical construction also are moved, thereby compensates causes the image planes skew, simple and the realization easily of this compensation method principle, but reliability is low, increased the volume and weight of optical system, and cost is than higher.(3) PASSIVE OPTICAL formula.It is that optical glass with the different temperatures characteristic is complementary, and correcting chromatic aberration and heat are poor, and the thermal expansion of mating mechanical structured material is then eliminated temperature to the influence of picture element.The performance of PASSIVE OPTICAL formula temperature compensation is fine, and reliability is high, and is in light weight, and cost is low, need not power supply.
The utility model utilizes the method for PASSIVE OPTICAL formula that instrument is not had the thermalization design, utilizes the mutual compensation between the glass material to eliminate temperature variation to the influence of instrument image quality, guarantees instrument operate as normal in-10 ℃～40 ℃ scopes.
The acquisition of the image of embodiment 3, ultrahigh resolution
In imaging process, rearmounted photo-sensitive cell of each lenticule in the microlens array, because photo-sensitive cell can not cover whole visual field fully, will inevitably cause between every width of cloth subimage to have white space, therefore need to extract and splice again valid pixel in the subimage.The image acquiring method that the utility model adopts is: at first obtain some subimages from the photo-sensitive cell by the microlens array postposition, then each number of sub images is carried out feature point extraction and coupling calculating, definite repeat region and repeatable position that needs between the spliced image, with some width of cloth image co-registration, finish the splicing of panoramic picture, finally obtain the image of a width of cloth ultrahigh resolution.
The leakproofness of embodiment 4, system
Whole optics cavity is adopted encapsulation process, reduce humidity and salt fog to the influence of optical system.Each optical module is used silicone rubber seal after debuging, prevent that air from entering, and keeps the good sealing property of optical instrument own.For antifog, the optical lens front end adds window glass, and at window glass outside surface plating three anti-hydrophobic films.Metalwork adopts antiacid oxidation processes in the cavity of optical lens, and moving component is coated with aviation grease.All exerteding metalworks adopt cadmium plating technology or select corrosion stability stainless steel material preferably for use, to improve its resistance to corrosion.For fear of the influence of vibrations to the system imaging quality, need to obtain by the attitude inductive means movable information of carrier, use track algorithm to carry out motion compensation, in real time the operating attitude of camera lens is adjusted, thereby obtained reliable and stable data output.
In addition; infrared camera camera lens in the utility model can reach ultrahigh resolution; equivalence on shape, structure and the feature that every design spirit of utilizing camera lens in the utility model has been done changes or modifies and reaches ultrahigh resolution, all thinks to fall in the protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (5)
1. ultrahigh resolution infrared camera camera lens, the optical system of wherein said camera adopts catadioptric formula, described camera lens comprises primary mirror (1), secondary mirror (2), light-dividing device and (5) four parts of photo-sensitive cell, it is characterized in that: primary mirror (1) is sphere with the intermediate focal plane (3) that secondary mirror (2) forms, the microlens array of array on hemisphere face is light-dividing device, and target beam is carried out light splitting; The version of lenticule (4) is compound camera lens, is made up of several optical elements.
2. ultrahigh resolution infrared camera camera lens according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the size of lenticule (4) is that the minimal illumination that is received by photo-sensitive cell determines, the number of lenticule (4) is that scope and the lenticular size that the visual field by system covers determines.
3. ultrahigh resolution infrared camera camera lens according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: optics and the optical texture of each lenticule (4) are identical in the described microlens array.
4. ultrahigh resolution infrared camera camera lens according to claim 3 is characterized in that: rearmounted CCD photo-sensitive cell of each lenticule (4) in the described microlens array, each photo-sensitive cell becomes a width of cloth subimage to the detection of a target.
5. ultrahigh resolution infrared camera camera lens according to claim 4 is characterized in that: use silicone rubber seal after camera lens is debug.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220590831 CN203037936U (en) | 2012-11-12 | 2012-11-12 | Ultrahigh-resolution infrared camera lens |
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| CN 201220590831 CN203037936U (en) | 2012-11-12 | 2012-11-12 | Ultrahigh-resolution infrared camera lens |
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| CN203037936U true CN203037936U (en) | 2013-07-03 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111711803A (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2020-09-25 | 广东兆邦智能科技股份有限公司 | Multi-target panoramic search tracking and recognition system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111711803A (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2020-09-25 | 广东兆邦智能科技股份有限公司 | Multi-target panoramic search tracking and recognition system |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130703 Termination date: 20151112 |
|
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |