CN203024490U - Flat plate type air conditioner or heat pump heat exchanger with holes - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an air conditioner and a heat pump which are formed by using of flat plate type heat exchangers, and provides a flat plate type air conditioner or heat pump heat exchanger with holes. A flat plate heat exchanger is mainly utilized to replace a three-dimensional cooling fin heat exchanger to obtain high efficiency and reduce occupation of life space. The flat plate type air conditioner or heat pump heat exchanger with the holes comprises a large area flat plate evaporator, a large area flat plate condenser, a compressor or an air pump or a vacuum pump, a throttle valve, a four-way reversing valve and a controller. The large area flat plate heat exchanger is provided with the holes. Through a flat plate structure with the holes, electromagnetic waves can be penetrated, shielding for the electromagnetic waves by a metal flat plate is avoided, and thus communication can be normally carried out; and fan heat dissipation can be canceled, an energy efficiency ratio is improved, and the energy-saving purpose is finally achieved.

Description

A kind of flat air-conditioning or heat pump heat exchanger with cavity

Technical field

Relate to a kind of utilize that flat plate heat exchanger makes air-conditioning or evaporimeter and the condenser of heat pump, realize high energy efficiency ratio and energy-conservation.

Background technology

energy-conservationly relate to climate change, principle: be exactly the frequent heavy rains in various places in recent years a remarkable phenomenon being arranged, severe snow, seismic frequency increases, it is exactly the tendency that anomalous weather has normalization at present, trace it to its cause, say and to shuffle through with one " natural calamity " words from the science angle, in fact climate change has the deep self-production reason of the mankind, this reason is exactly to need to consume mass energy in human being's production, in the process that consumes the energy, not only discharge a large amount of gas with chemical contamination and liquid, can also discharge with energy and consume the suitable calorie value of numerical value, this calorie value numerical value is huge, large to comparing in the amount of radiation of part with the sun, and be enough to form in the part harsh weather variation or claim " natural calamity ", and this natural calamity preferentially the huge area of hot driving (city) or near preferential generation, angle from scientific development, whether a city takes energy-saving production at first to be related to " weather " variation in this city, why? why an area rains or snows, reason just is that not only there is a large amount of air in this regional overhead, be entrained in addition the steam in air, the steam storage is more, heavy rain or the heavy snow of meeting the formation of condensation knot will be larger, and the water loading of the air ability is directly proportional to the temperature of air, 1 ° of C of the every raising of atmospheric temperature, its ability of holding water will improve 4% left and right, such as summer atmospheric temperature improve 10 ° of C, will increase the steam carrying capacity of 40% left and right in atmosphere, and there are enough moisture evaporation and steam discharge capacity to satisfy this " the steam carrying capacity " of atmosphere accordingly on ground, why so say? coal as everybody knows, oil, combustion of natural gas generates carbon dioxide and water, the general molecular chemical equation of oil combustion--------CnH (2n+2)+(2n+1) O2=nC02+ (2n+1) H2O, n represents the carbon atom number, above chemical formula is oil, natural gas, ethane gas, propane flammable gas, butagas, the molecule of penta hexane etc. and the general formula of oxygen reaction, the inapplicable coal of above chemical formula (the protium content of coal uncertain so generate the amount of water will be lower than above chemical equation quantity) wherein.can extrapolate from above chemical equation: the burning of the fossil energies such as one ton of oil or natural gas can consume about 3 tons of oxygen (i.e. 15 tons of air), can generate approximately 2.8 tons of carbon dioxides and 1.2 tons of water steam, these water vapour molecule amounts directly rise in this regional overhead less than airborne nitrogen and oxygen, and atmosphere is on every side formed extruding, the i.e. gas of " HTHP high-moisture ", because these gas pressures are large and density is less, therefore these warm moist airs constantly overcome gravity and resistance rising, and 100 meters of every risings of atmospheric temperature approximately reduce by 0.6 ° of C, therefore these warm moist airs cross with the cold air of atmosphere top in the process that rises, cause the contact-making surface air of warm and cold air constantly to lower the temperature, forming a small amount of aqueous water condenses, due to warm-humid air rise (a few km), the warm-humid air environment temperature is lower, warm-humid air is lowered the temperature under the effect of cold air simultaneously around gradually like this, and form gradually aqueous water, solid-state snowflake, when vaporous water becomes liquid, volume reduces more than 99.8%, therefore rise, continuous, large-area warm moist air is by the original rapid routed one-tenth low pressure of hyperbar steam group, ambient atmosphere forms strong wind to low pressure area motion, the low pressure area not only has low pressure cloud cluster and rainwater, also can strengthen forming heavy rain, severe snow, simultaneously with strong wind.Therefore the origin of wind and rain forms the condensation vapor rainfall except the natural evaporation of atmosphere, be exactly that the mankind consume the result that the energy directly causes a large amount of condensation vapors, so, energy resource consumption reduced, for improving air quality, " natural calamities " such as minimizing heavy rain heavy snow has important practical significance.

Air-conditioning and heat pump play a part aspect atmosphere cooling, heating in winter and following using energy source more and more important, the energy consumption of air-conditioning occupies the major part that summer, electric power energy consumed at present, the energy consumption of heating in winter also occupies the major part of China's total energy consumption simultaneously, therefore how to reduce the energy consumption of air-conditioning and heat pump, realize higher efficiency ratio, have Great significance at present.Such as the efficiency ratio of present national air-conditioning is that 3.4-3.6 is one-level, if efficiency ratio reaches more than 7, air conditioning energy consumption can descend in the present requirements situation and be at half, and has great significance to energy-conservation.And in fact correct technology can realize efficiency ratio more than 10, and comprehensive effectiveness that is to say by polytechnic improvement and can realize the huge energy saving space than more than 20.Therefore the technological improvement of air-conditioning and heat pump is for the raising of Energy Efficiency Ratio with reduce China's power consumption total amount and protection of the environment has most important theories meaning and realistic meaning.

in air-conditioning and heat pump, mainly comprise evaporimeter, compressor, condenser, choke valve, four-way change-over valve, controller, wherein two concrete heat exchanger components are exactly evaporimeter and condenser, in fact these two parts are exactly and carry out the heat exchanger of heat exchange on every side, in the traditional heat exchangers of air-conditioning and heat pump, more than heat exchanger thickness 300mm, length and width are generally more than 500mm, not only heat exchanger volume is larger, for the area that increases heat exchanger fin need to increase heat exchanger volume, increase volume and often occupy larger living space, in the situation that can not increase heat exchanger volume, the producer of making air-conditioning need to increase the power of fan, improve the heat exchange amount of heat exchanger by the flow that increases gas or liquid, this will increase the fan power consumption, the fan power of air-conditioning is at tens watts or more than a few hectowatt, compare with the compressor horsepower of several myriawatts with several kilowatts, several hectowatts of fan duty is transferred the 1%-30% of total power consumption, but after improving efficiency ratio, the power of compressor has downward trend, the consumption of fan power can account for the 20%-50% of total power consumption, the consumed power of the power that compressor consumes and the fan of heat exchanger is almost suitable, therefore, this is extremely unfavorable for improving efficiency ratio.

Summary of the invention

can only increase the volume of heat exchanger and the situation of fan power for above increase heat exchange area, seek a kind of area that can increase and do not increase again volume, efficiency can be improved and heat exchanger occupying the people living space can be reduced again, efficiency can be improved and fan can be do not increased again to the heat exchanger of the consumption of electric energy, make radiation, conduction, the large-area flat-plate heat exchanger that the quantity of heat convection can significantly increase, the large-area flat-plate heat exchanger is as evaporimeter and condenser and compressor, choke valve, four-way change-over valve, controller (comprising frequency converter) forms air-conditioning or heat pump.

a kind of flat air-conditioning or heat pump heat exchanger with cavity relates to a kind of air-conditioning and heat pump that utilizes plate-type exchanger to form, mainly utilize flat plate heat exchanger to replace three-dimensional radiator heat-exchanger to obtain high-effect and to reduce occupying the living space, comprise the large-area flat-plate evaporimeter, the large-area flat-plate condenser, compressor or air exhauster or vavuum pump, choke valve, four-way change-over valve, controller, the large-area flat-plate heat transfer equipment has the cavity, described large-area flat-plate heat exchanger refers to large-area flat-plate evaporimeter and large-area flat-plate condenser, the slab construction that this kind has the cavity can see through electromagnetic wave, avoided metal plate to shielding electromagnetic waves, communication is normally carried out, and can cancel fan cooling, improve Energy Efficiency Ratio, finally reach energy-conservation purpose.

The good effect that above technical scheme technical solution problem produces: 1, cancel the fan of heat exchanger, cancelled the power consumption of fan, reduced the power consumption of air-conditioning or heat pump.2, the large-area flat-plate heat exchanger can reduce the thickness of flat plate heat exchanger when increasing heat exchanger area, reduce thickness and be beneficial to heat transfer, can also reduce volume, do not occupy the living space, and the large-area flat-plate heat exchanger can rely on building to settle, determine shape, the size of large-area flat-plate heat exchanger because of architectural feature, organically combine with building, can beautify the environment.3, cancel heat exchanger fan and can reduce circulation of air, can reduce particle motion as aerial in PM2.5 in atmosphere, be convenient to the molecule deposition, be convenient to purify air, can make people reduce absorption to the PM2.5 particle, and reduce bacterium and grow in air-conditioning fan, be convenient to cleaning, be beneficial to people's physical and mental health.4, the large-area flat-plate heat exchanger can the absorption of electromagnetic radiation energy, comprises visible radiation (comprising solar energy), infrared radiation (comprising underground heat, air energy, object energy), electromagenetic wave radiation (electromagnetic wave absorption after dull and stereotyped matte reduces Contamination of Electromagnetic Wave).5, the large-area flat-plate heat exchanger can absorb the vibration energy of various mechanical waves and mechanical impact generation, comprise sound wave, and sound wave changes into heat, can reduce airwaves, namely can reduce noise, also can reduce the harm that infrasound or ultrasonic wave produce health of people, mechanical impact comprises cross-ventilation, wind, raindrop shock etc., namely can be transformed into heat to large-area raindrop shock and wind energy.6, the large-area flat-plate heat exchanger cavity moves at low-pressure state, and namely external atmospheric pressure is greater than the interior media operating pressure, and is opposite with the high pressure conditions of traditional air-conditioning, can not rouse and split flat board, can utilize thinner material to obtain mechanical performance preferably.7, medium in the large-area flat-plate heat exchanger can utilize the abundant heat exchange of nano material, the application of nano material can fully reduce the thickness of large tracts of land heat exchanger plates and increase the surface roughness of large-area flat-plate heat exchanger, greatly increases specific area, i.e. surface area in unit volume.,

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the large-area flat-plate heat-exchanger model; Fig. 2 is with circulating line flat plate heat exchanger model; Fig. 3 is the structural model schematic diagram of heat pump or air-conditioning; Fig. 4 is casing or box-shape flat plate model schematic diagram; Fig. 5 has electromagnetic wave by the flat plate heat exchanger schematic diagram in hole; Fig. 6 is the fluted slab construction schematic diagram of tool; Fig. 7 is the flat plate heat exchanger schematic diagram that the top layer has nano particle; Fig. 8 is top layer nanoparticle structure schematic diagram; Fig. 9 is that dull and stereotyped interlayer contains the flat plate heat exchanger schematic diagram that nano particle supports; Figure 10 is the flat plate heat exchanger structural representation that has columnar supports between dull and stereotyped interlayer; Figure 11 is that bending is the flat plate heat exchanger structural representation of 90 °.above in Fig. 1 to Figure 11, wherein (1) is the liquid storehouse, (2) be dull and stereotyped main body, 3) be the gas storehouse, (4) be evaporimeter, (5) be compressor or air exhauster or vavuum pump, (6) be condenser, (7) be choke valve, (8) be dull and stereotyped concave, (9) be dull and stereotyped convex line, (10) the top layer Nano microsphere particle schematic diagram that distributes for nano-plates, (11) be metallic plate, (12) be basic unit's particle, (13) be the intermediate layer particle, (14) be the top layer nano particle, (15) Nano microsphere for distributing in interlayer, (16) be cylindrical body in dull and stereotyped interlayer, (17) be the medium circulation pipeline, (18) electromagnetic wave passes through the hole.

The specific embodiment:

existing air-conditioning or heat pump heat exchanger are stereo structure, with shell and fan, increasing heat exchange area can only increase volume and the fan power of heat exchanger, and use at present flat plate heat exchanger, area is increased arbitrarily do not increase again volume, can reduce like this heat exchanger occupying the people living space, what flat plate heat exchanger can be made again simultaneously is very thin, very thin heat exchanger has heat transfer effect preferably, can save again material reduces costs, owing to taking the large tracts of land heat exchange, be equipped with again the power of suitable compressor or aspiration pump or vavuum pump, can improve Energy Efficiency Ratio, there is no simultaneously fan, reduced the consumption of fan to electric energy, the heat exchange plate exposure is convenient to maintenance maintenance in the middle of the visual field.The more important thing is that flat plate heat exchanger can make radiation, conduction, the quantity of heat convection significantly increase, this be because the heat transfer of radiant heat transfer, convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection and conduction pattern all can with area and the proportional relation of the temperature difference.The heat exchange amount is all proportional with area in the metastable situation of the temperature difference, therefore the large-area flat-plate heat exchanger can significantly improve efficiency, large-area flat plate heat exchanger is as evaporimeter and condenser and compressor, choke valve, four-way change-over valve, controller (comprising frequency converter) composition air-conditioning or heat pump, choke valve can be cancelled in above system, and the pressure differential of evaporimeter and condenser is regulated by liquid storehouse liquid level.

concrete technical characterictic shows as: the large-area flat-plate heat exchanger of air-conditioning or heat pump comprises evaporimeter and condenser, evaporimeter and condenser are all the large-area flat-plate heat exchanger, it is shaped as flat board, or the bending angle between flat board and flat board is not more than 135 °, because in the normal state, flat plate heat exchanger does not have bending, only dull and stereotyped, but, house shape is cube, such as the body of wall of house has 90 ° of bendings, so just need the A plate with 90 ° of bendings and B plate shown in Figure 11 jointly to connect into same evaporimeter or condenser system, this is to be combined with building shape to increase the needs of flat plate heat exchanger area, be convenient to the needs of the three-dimensional radiant heat transfer of heat exchanger in the space when being also heating or refrigeration, therefore the bending of 90 ° has necessity of existence in reality, but bending angle is over 180 °, just there is no realistic meaning, bending angle surpasses 180 ° can form rotary type heat exchanger, rotary type heat exchanger loses the meaning of flat plate heat exchanger.Why define bending angle and be not more than 135 °, this is the restriction for special building, and some building has 45° angle, and in order to cater to special building, the bending angle that limits flat plate heat exchanger is not more than 135 °.Building as for circle, flat plate heat exchanger is made circular slab, because circle is the slow change of angle, can think the continuous bending of differential form, this continuous bending angle is along with the restriction of differential size, when the differential size is very little, bending angle reality is very little, therefore can assert that its bending falls in the scope of " being not more than 135 ° of bendings ".

Limit slab-thickness less than 100mm, greater than 100nm.When slab-thickness greater than 10mm during less than 100mm, flat plate heat exchanger is picture " box " within people's vision, has medium in box, and this flat board is comparatively heavy, but be still " flat board " in shape, this flat board falls into the limited range of flat plate heat exchanger.Figure of description 4 has shown this structure, and the characteristics of this structure are that slab-thickness is larger, and the just up-down structure difference of liquid storehouse (1) and gas storehouse (3) does not have special shape difference.Normal conditions, in order to increase heat exchange or to reduce the space, slab-thickness is less than 10mm, and above restriction greater than 100 nanometers, is only for the nanometer heat exchanger, is the limiting value that present specification limits.The thickness of 100 nanometers also can be used in future, can with the building masonry wall perfect adaptation, and do not see heat transmission equipment in appearance.The thickness of the thickness that more situation is flat plate heat exchanger between several millimeters is such as the thickness of 3 to 10 millimeters.

Specific area is greater than the plane geometry area.be that large-area flat-plate heat exchanger plane is non-smooth flat, described non-smooth flat refer to the plane have groove or be to have compacted grains or be coarse matte or male and fomale(M﹠F), color is that the blue or grey dead color of black or brown or other dead color namely are not more than 30% color to visible reflectance, plane heat exchanger has larger heat exchange area, the area that described larger heat exchange area refers to actual ingress of air source or water source or other media sources is looked squarely the visual plane area much larger than flat plate heat exchanger, it is projected area directly perceived, described " much larger than " contact area that refers to dull and stereotyped and air-source or water source or other media is greater than projected area directly perceived more than 5%, can visually distinguish exactly and namely think over projected area 5% directly perceived, perhaps conscious increase surface area in design, be all the needs of this design, and is namely conscious by increasing the crooked or concavo-convex surface area that increases of groove of heat exchanger surface.In reality, specific area can be accomplished the several times of projected area directly perceived or decades of times or hundreds of times or be utilized larger that nano material does.

The unit interval heat exchange amount of large-area flat-plate heat exchanger with 5 ° of C of the surrounding medium temperature difference time is greater than 1 times of compressor or aspiration pump or vavuum pump power, or when 10 ° of C of the temperature difference unit interval heat exchange amount from surrounding air source or water source or other heat transferring medium greater than 2 times of compressor or air exhauster or vavuum pump power, this requirement is basic demand, and that can do in reality is higher.Unit interval heat exchange amount when 10 ° of C of the temperature difference from surrounding air source or water source or other heat transferring mediums is compressor or air exhauster or vavuum pump power 4 to 20 times, when compressor or air exhauster or vavuum pump mechanical efficiency are 100%, can significantly improve the Energy Efficiency Ratio of air-conditioning or heat pump to 7-20 in theory.Energy Efficiency Ratio is the ratio of the interior heat exchange amount of certain hour and compressor work amount, removes time factor, be exactly the ratio of heat exchange power and compressor horsepower, so in the unit interval, the heat exchange amount is larger, and just larger with the ratio of compressor work power, Energy Efficiency Ratio will be larger.In reality, the temperature difference of compressor two ends acting may be 30 ° or 40 ° or 50 ° even 60 °, and the temperature difference is larger, and compressor work is more, and Energy Efficiency Ratio can be low relatively.but the perfect condition compressor work temperature difference is at 30 ° or 40 °, when evaporimeter or condenser one end are 15 ° or 20 ° with the extraneous temperature difference just, in the situation that fully heat exchange, because increasing the heat exchange amount, the temperature difference increases, in unit interval, the ratio maximum of heat exchange amount and acting amount can reach 7-10, but seldom there is this perfect condition in reality, therefore need to increase the ability that heat exchanger area increases heat exchanger reply different temperatures, namely want to obtain the higher energy efficiency ratio, unit interval heat exchange amount in the time of can making 10 ° of C of the temperature difference from surrounding air source or water source or other heat transferring medium is brought up to 4 times greater than compressor or air exhauster or vavuum pump power 2 times, 6 times, 8 times, 10 times of any high value such as grade, but bring up to 20 and almost there is no realistic meaning when above, because although the area that increases is a lot, the Energy Efficiency Ratio that improves is little.The best ratio of raising Energy Efficiency Ratio is the intermediate value between 4-20.

the temperature difference is to also have a problem, because the amount of radiation of radiation heat transfer is directly proportional to the biquadratic of absolute temperature, even therefore the above technical indicator that limits is in the situation that flat plate heat exchanger area and shape are fixing, 5 ° of temperature difference or 10 ° of temperature difference of measuring due to the difference of amount of radiation under different temperatures are not a fixed value, therefore the environment temperature that can get 20 ° is worth as a comparison, namely the temperature difference of 30 ° of C and 20 ° of C is as fixed value, perhaps the temperature difference of 20 ° of C and 10 ° of C is as fixed value, but in fact, ambient temperature changes greatly, fix a technical indicator and have strict theory significance in reality, also can determine a fuzzy value from real angle, this fuzzy value is exactly that heat exchange amount when measuring 5 ° of temperature difference or 10 ° of temperature difference at the normality temperature is worth as a comparison, condition is not under solar radiation and does not have in the comparatively quiet situation of strong wind and heavy rain and environmental condition, otherwise numerical value change is larger.therefore 5 ° of temperature difference and 10 ° of temperature difference are measured in a metastable environment, this stable environment refers to the environment of normality, near 20 ° of C, actual temp is as fixed value, 5 ° or the 10 ° unit interval heat exchange amount when measuring 5 ° of temperature difference or 10 ° of temperature difference fluctuates, ambient stable and be not subjected to wind and rain, sharp pounding, solar irradiation, the direct impact that strong electromagnetic pollutes, this technical indicator is called 5 ° or the 10 ° temperature difference " quiet index ", because the dull and stereotyped heat exchange of heat exchanger has conduction, convection current, the multiple heat exchange mode of radiation, add that environment temperature is near mensuration 20 ° of medium temperatures up and down, therefore quiet index amplitude of variation is not very large.Be strictly at 20 ° of C, take 20 ° of C as standard, and around 20 ° of C up and down 5 ° or 10 ° of temp different measurings, or measure near 20 degree, measure the daytime in the time of can selecting morning in the middle of one day or the morning to have scattered light.

has thinner breather line in the middle of the large-area flat-plate heat exchanger, upright or the crooked or rotation of pipe level or be irregular various structure and connect liquid storehouse (1) and the gas storehouse (3) that is positioned at upper and lower or left and right, the liquid storehouse (1) of described flat plate heat exchanger refers to the backflow storehouse of liquid medium in flat plate heat exchanger, the gas storehouse (3) of described large-area flat-plate heat exchanger has been full of gas and the part liquid that refluxes of also not having enough time that constantly condenses, the gas storehouse (3) of described large-area flat-plate heat exchanger and the liquid storehouse (1) of described large-area flat-plate heat exchanger are independent to be existed or combines together with intermediate medium circulating line (17), described independent the existence refers to that there is obvious outside distinguishing characteristics in liquid storehouse (1) and gas storehouse (3) with circulating line (17), described combining together with medium circulation pipeline (17) and dull and stereotyped cavity is to can't see the difference architectural feature from the outside, only show the difference on the dull and stereotyped upper and lower of heat exchanger or flat plate heat exchanger the right and left position and actual functional capability, described feature difference refers to that liquid has the function at backflow position and only holds difference between the function of gas or gas-liquid mixture, such as the casing of Fig. 4 demonstration or the flat plate heat exchanger of box-shape, has very large hole capital after selling all securities in flat board, become to have the position of liquid can be called the liquid storehouse, can be called the gas storehouse on the liquid storehouse, and do not see on the outer surface the difference in liquid storehouse and gas storehouse.

except the casing flat plate heat exchanger, also has thinner flat plate heat exchanger, heat exchanger thickness is less than 10mm, perhaps greater than 2mm, thin like this flat plate heat exchanger built-in pipe is along with the attenuation gradually of flat board has become unrealistic gradually, need to be mingled with some cylinders between flat board for this reason, height of column nature less than 10mm greater than 0.5mm, as shown in figure 10, cylindrical body (16) is mixed in dull and stereotyped middle, has height in the middle of the large-area flat-plate heat exchanger less than the cylinder (16) of 10mm, cylinder (16) support plate, cylinder (16) limit formation rule or irregular medium circulation pipeline.

attenuation along with flat plate heat exchanger, cylinder (16) in dull and stereotyped interlayer can replace with Nano microsphere, can be with reference to the Nano microsphere in Fig. 7 (10), has the Nano microsphere (10) greater than 50nm in the middle of the large-area flat-plate heat exchanger, Nano microsphere is as the flat support body, Nano microsphere limit formation rule or irregular medium circulation pipeline, because Nano microsphere side track is very thin, gas molecule at the volley can with the abundant heat exchange of flat board, medium temperature is more easily near environment temperature, at liquid flow smoothly in situation, can improve Energy Efficiency Ratio, in fact, as long as dull and stereotyped interlayer is not too little, liquid can be at gravity and compressor (or vavuum pump, air exhauster) overcoming surface tension of liquid under the effect refluxes, as long as medium and Nano microsphere collocation are proper, can realize heat fully to exchange and not produce huge friction, can realize the higher energy efficiency ratio.

The surface of large-area flat-plate heat exchanger utilizes nano material to make the micro concavo-convex plane.The specific area increase has direct impact for improving heat exchange efficiency, and nano-grain can enlarge markedly specific area at surface deposition.

as shown in Figure 8, substrate (11) top has the particle that varies in size, ground floor (12) is larger particles, as basic unit's particle (12), described basic unit particle (12) refers to that larger particle is fixed on substrate (11), has one deck, fixing less particle on this layer, as the about fixing particle of one deck 50um in solid particle top of 1mm of particle diameter, be intermediate layer (13), the fixing particle of one deck 500 nanometers on the particle of 50um, also intermediate layer (13), the fixing ball of one deck 50nm at last, be top layer (14), it is the particle that metallic plate connects 1mm, the particle of 1mm connects the particle of 50um, the particle of 50um connects the particle of 50nm, and the solid particle of various sizes have absorb infrared ray and when 10 ° of C of the temperature difference unit interval heat exchange amount from surrounding air source or water source or other heat transferring mediums be compressor or air exhauster or vavuum pump power 4 to 20 times, in theory when compressor or air exhauster or vavuum pump mechanical efficiency are 100%, can significantly improve the Energy Efficiency Ratio of air-conditioning or heat pump to 7-20.

The characteristic of visible light, the few generation reflected, described " one deck " is also relative concept, such as paint end product when whitewashing is all to have fixed " one deck " thicker film, but complete after solvent or diluent evaporation by repeatedly whitewashing, so said " one deck " refers to the concept on function here, namely plays the purpose that uniform particles is adhered to, do not lie in to add and go through that several roads whitewash man-hour and fixing operation.

So, how to realize the fixing of particle? modern industry has a variety of technique for fixing, such as the method for whitewashing of paint, the similar fixation of pasting of this method, namely uniform particles is dispersed in resin binder, add solvent or diluent, comparatively thin, be sprinkled upon on metallic plate, resin is that macromolecular material evenly is sprinkled upon on metallic plate under the dilution of solvent or diluent, solvent or diluent is that solvent can volatilize, and after volatilization, resin and the particle of macromolecular material are fixed on metallic plate.Certainly also have pigment in paint, metallic plate can add black pigment.Also can utilize the opaqueness of material, such as metal, the light-absorbing characteristic of metal oxide etc. self presents black naturally.But generally the material with resin can not stand intense light, and except selecting resin, the matrix of the sun-proof paint of the external application in modern industry or coating is selected can reference.

Particle be fixed with a lot of methods, such as the physical deposition method, the particles of the different sizes of precipitation gradually on flat board are sintered to fix at last at a certain temperature, this temperature is relatively near the fusing point of material.Also have magnetron sputtering method, chemical synthesis, physics whitewashes method, the matte technology of similar cell panel, method is multiple, utilizes process of the prior art to make.

Described nano material refers to micron and the application of nano level material in " matte " technology, 50um, 500nm described in above embodiment, 50nm, etc. be all nano-particle material, comprise nano particle that particle diameter in nano material is inhomogeneous and the Nano microsphere of size uniform, best is Nano microsphere.Light absorbent is such as pottery, metal etc.It is greatly to increase surface area that metallic plate utilizes the nano material purpose, increases metallic plate to absorbability and the external emissivities of larger area infrared ray of light.

The large-area flat-plate heat exchanger back side namely simultaneously has the infrared reflection plate or at the large-area flat-plate heat exchanger back side, the reflecting layer is arranged by wall.Purpose is that the infrared radiation with the absorption of metope reflects, and reduces the repeated reflection between infrared ray and radiator, reduces in-fighting, but by reflector with the heat radiation of metope to other position, can accelerate heat transfer rate like this.

Large-area flat-plate heat exchanger front has the barrier that stops infrared radiation near when heat radiation has the shadow shield that reduces solar radiation or remove.Such as the large-area flat-plate heat exchanger can be placed under sun direct projection during from extraneous heat-obtaining in winter, obtain high energy efficiency ratio, but just must utilize shutter to cover solar radiation in summer during to extraneous heat exchange, be more conducive to like this heat radiation, perhaps changing other heat exchange path, is that condenser is placed in water with radiator, heating water, play the heat pump effect, realize simultaneously room temperature lowering.Air-conditioning or heat pump just have a more than evaporimeter or heat exchanger like this, according to season and the some evaporimeters of the flexible switch of needs or condenser.

The large-area flat-plate heat exchanger is settled according to wall, or the large-area flat-plate heat exchanger is orthogonal according to the corner, or according to corner, ground, ceiling positioned vertical in twos.

The large-area flat-plate heat transfer equipment has the cavity.(18) in Fig. 5 are that electromagnetic wave passes through the hole, and the cavity is that the purpose that electromagnetic wave passes through hole (18) is to see through electromagnetic wave.In the room, some place needs electromagnetic wave to see through, metal plate has the ability of absorption or reflection electromagnetic wave, if electromagnetic wave is all absorbed or reflects by flat plate heat exchanger, to be unfavorable for passing through of signal of communication, therefore need to leave cavity (18) in indivedual positions, be convenient to electromagnetic wave and pass through, be unlikely to affect data communication.

The large-area flat-plate heat exchanger surface has concavo-convex line.Show concave (8) and convex line (9) in Fig. 6, see that from appearance the flat plate heat exchanger top presents the fluctuating of rule, concave (8) is adjacent with convex line (9), be to be convex line (9) on concave (8) limit, concave (8) on convex line (9) limit, described concave (8) and convex line (9) are zones, are not limited to the concept of " line ".Owing to seeing the relief region rule on macroscopic view, more straight, have linear characteristics, therefore, be referred to as with noun concave and convex line.

The large-area flat-plate heat exchanger is made of metal, and mechanical strength is high, directly contacts atmosphere or water source or other media of surrounding environment, namely not as light transmission protective layers such as glass, fiberglass.Flat board in solar water heater often has one deck fiberglass protective layer; this layer protective layer is beneficial to insulation and is unfavorable for heat radiation; therefore do not need this layer protective layer in air-conditioning or heat pump; but in order to prevent hail or mechanical impact; need dull and stereotyped enough intensity, avoid dull and stereotyped perforation cause medium to be revealed or break original balance in the inside and outside design of flat plate heat exchanger.

The large-area flat-plate heat exchanger is comprised of tubulose, and between circulating line in Fig. 2 (17) tube and tube, gapped or very close to each other or tubular body is with the wing heat exchanger fin.When very close to each other, appearance is exactly one flat plate, built-in circulating line (17); Sometimes need slab design is become tubular cooler, namely gapped, its function is the same with flat plate heat exchanger, almost forms writing board shape when tubulose is intensive, similarly can arrange with vacuum tube in solar water heater and compare, gapped between vacuum tube, but plate type solar is just very close to each other, no matter vacuum pipe solar or plate type solar, and its structure is all to absorb solar radiation, as broad as long on function, but difference is very large in shape.Flat plate heat exchanger very close to each other or gapped its essence is the same, all falls into present techniques scheme restricted portion.

The large-area flat-plate heat exchanger directly is comprised of sheet glass, has bracing or strutting arrangement between sheet glass, and sealing, be medium between sheet glass on every side, and medium color is lighttight dead color.Some flat plate heat exchanger need to be made of glass, needs absorbed radiation energy better, utilizes exactly the glass substituted metal, and purpose is the ability that absorbs heat or loses heat that increases under particular surroundings.

The tiling of large-area flat-plate heat exchanger is controlled suitable temperature in bed as air conditioning bed, forms on " hotbed ", and air-conditioning just not necessarily freezes in larger spatial dimension or heats, and can reduce the energy consumption of air-conditioning.

The large-area flat-plate heat exchanger is connected with electric appliance casing, and as being connected with computer housing, metal chassis is made radiator, and radiator connects the CPU heat exchanger.Play the function of CPU heat radiation.

The large-area flat-plate heat exchanger is connected with the LED reflector, strengthens the LED heat-sinking capability.

The large-area flat-plate heat exchanger is connected with the semiconductor integration module, strengthens the heat radiation of semiconductor devices, is connected with photocell, strengthens generating efficiency.

Namely lower than atmospheric pressure state operation, what system cancelled compressor generation is vavuum pump to the large-area flat-plate heat exchanger cavity at low-pressure state.This pattern has been avoided the high-voltage operation of dull and stereotyped inside, and it is thinner that flat plate heat exchanger can be done, and has more adaptability.

The large-area flat-plate heat exchanger relies on building to settle, and determines shape, the size of large-area flat-plate heat exchanger according to architectural feature.

The evaporimeter flat plate heat exchanger is the heat absorptivity heat exchanger, and the surface is for several times crooked, and each bending is concavity, and concave inside surface has more concavities, and stepped concavity can absorb the ripple of various wavelength,

The condenser flat plate heat exchanger is the infrared radiation heat exchanger, and surface curvature is convex, and convex surface has more less convex points, emission infrared ray and to reflect the ability of ripple of various wavelength stronger.

Can exchange due to evaporimeter and condenser in actual applications, concavo-convex alternate on the radiation flat plate heat exchanger, concavo-convex characteristics are made the surface that the middle concave salient point is evenly distributed so evaporimeter and condenser can neutralize.

The structure that air-conditioning or heat pump have is: evaporimeter flat plate heat exchanger, condenser flat plate heat exchanger, compressor or air exhauster or vavuum pump, dull and stereotyped interior medium circulation pipeline, dull and stereotyped inner supporting body, control system (comprising frequency converter), pressure-regulating device (choke valve or gravity regulating system).Wherein evaporimeter flat plate heat exchanger and condenser flat plate heat exchanger structure can be the same or different, and both are referred to as the large-area flat-plate heat exchanger.The large-area flat-plate heat exchanger surface has groove or texture or has matte or have tiny male and fomale(M﹠F), increases reflective surface area and space of a whole page intensity, or has nanometer material structure increase specific area.

Claims (1)

1. one kind has empty flat air-conditioning or heat pump heat exchanger, comprise large-area flat-plate evaporimeter, large-area flat-plate condenser, compressor or air exhauster or vavuum pump, choke valve, four-way change-over valve, controller, it is characterized in that: the large-area flat-plate heat transfer equipment has the cavity, and described large-area flat-plate refers to large-area flat-plate evaporimeter and large-area flat-plate condenser.

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