Hydrostatic bearing main shaft device and grinding machine
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of main shaft device, relates in particular to a kind of hydrostatic bearing main shaft device and grinding machine.
Background technology
As everyone knows, the important composition parts of lathe during main shaft device, it mainly comprises axle sleeve of main shaft, bearing and supports main shaft and bearing etc.For the high-speed precision digital control lathe, it depends on the precision of main shaft device to a great extent to the machining accuracy of part, only just may produce the higher part of machining accuracy after the precision that guarantees main shaft device.
At present, common main shaft device normally arranges rolling bearing at the endoporus two ends of axle sleeve, then rolling bearing is socketed on main shaft, thereby utilizes rolling bearing main shaft to be played the effect of location, guarantees the precision of main shaft device.
But along with increase the service time of main shaft device, between main shaft and rolling bearing, certain wearing and tearing can occur, produce certain gap between main shaft and rolling bearing, thereby make main shaft that circular runout occur when revolution, and then cause the precise decreasing of main shaft device, and finally cause the decline of the machining accuracy of part.
In order to guarantee the machining accuracy of part, main shaft device integral body can only be changed or it is disassembled keep in repair, waste time and energy, also make the maintenance cost of equipment higher simultaneously, indirectly caused the increase of part processing cost.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of hydrostatic bearing main shaft device, and it has avoided wearing and tearing between main shaft and bearing and axle sleeve effectively.
The purpose of this utility model also is to provide a kind of grinding machine, and it has avoided wearing and tearing between main shaft and bearing and axle sleeve effectively.
A kind of hydrostatic bearing main shaft device that the utility model provides, comprise main shaft and axle sleeve, described main shaft is placed in the endoporus of described axle sleeve, and described endoporus is provided with hydrostatic bearing along the two ends of the axial direction of described main shaft, and described hydrostatic bearing is socketed on the outer wall of described main shaft;
Described axle sleeve is provided with end cover along the two ends of the axial direction of described main shaft, and the end of described main shaft extend out to the outside of described end cover;
The outer wall of described main shaft and the inwall of described axle sleeve are formed with the first cavity;
Be formed with a plurality of grooves on the inwall of described hydrostatic bearing, and a plurality of described groove is uniform ringwise around described main shaft.
Optionally, described groove is fan-shaped along the cross section perpendicular to the axis direction of described main shaft.
Optionally, described groove is curved along the cross section perpendicular to the axis direction of described main shaft.
Optionally, the quantity of described groove is four.
Optionally, locate to be formed with against projection described hydrostatic bearing and describedly lean against projection on described main shaft between two described hydrostatic bearings.
Optionally, also comprise shell, described axle sleeve is arranged in described shell, and the end of described main shaft extend out to the outside of described shell;
Be formed with the second cavity between described shell and described axle sleeve.
Optionally, also comprise cooling liquid injecting device, be provided with inlet and outlet on described shell, described cooling liquid injecting device is connected with described inlet by pipeline.
Optionally, also comprise heat dissipation tank, described outlet is connected with described heat dissipation tank by pipeline, and described heat dissipation tank is connected with described cooling liquid injecting device by pipeline.
A kind of grinding machine that the utility model provides, comprise emery wheel, main shaft device and drive unit, described main shaft device is any in above-mentioned hydrostatic bearing main shaft device, and an end of described main shaft is connected with described emery wheel, and the other end of described main shaft is connected with described drive unit.
Optionally, described main shaft is connected with described drive unit by transmission device.
Compared with prior art, the hydrostatic bearing main shaft device that the utility model provides, it is by forming in the first cavity to the outer wall of main shaft and the inwall of axle sleeve, and injection extreme pressure lubricant in a plurality of grooves that form on the inwall of hydrostatic bearing, utilize the high pressure of lubricating oil to make main shaft be in suspended state, thereby make main shaft and between axle sleeve and hydrostatic bearing not come in contact when rotated, effectively prevented from wearing and tearing between main shaft and bearing and axle sleeve, improve the precision of hydrostatic bearing main shaft device, guaranteed the precision of processing.
Simultaneously, lubricating oil also can be to playing lubricated, cooling effect before main shaft and bearing and axle sleeve.
In further technical scheme, described groove is curved along the cross section perpendicular to the axis direction of main shaft, is convenient to adopt eccentric processes groove, thereby guarantees that a plurality of grooves etc. are dark.
In further technical scheme, be formed with on main shaft against projection, and lean against the hydrostatic bearing of projection with two ends, utilize hydrostatic bearing that main shaft is played against, spacing effect, prevent that main shaft from axial jump occuring in axle sleeve, further improve the precision of hydrostatic bearing main shaft device, guaranteed the precision of processing.
In further technical scheme, utilization arranges shell outside axle sleeve, and form the second cavity between shell and axle sleeve, thereby inject cooling fluid at the second cavity, utilize cooling fluid that the hydrostatic bearing in axle sleeve and axle sleeve and main shaft are lowered the temperature, avoid axle sleeve, hydrostatic bearing and main shaft generation thermal deformation, further guaranteed the precision of hydrostatic bearing main shaft device.
In further technical scheme, be provided with inlet and outlet on shell, utilize cooling liquid injecting device that cooling fluid is injected in the second cavity, also can utilize simultaneously outlet that the cooling fluid in the second cavity is discharged, be convenient to injection and the discharge of cooling fluid, simple to operate.
In further technical scheme, utilize heat dissipation tank to reclaim from the cooling fluid that outlet is discharged, and utilize heat dissipation tank to carry out radiating and cooling to it, and then the cooling fluid after radiating and cooling is returned in cooling liquid injecting device, thereby realize the recycling of cooling fluid.
Compared with prior art, the grinding machine that the utility model provides, it is by forming in the first cavity to the outer wall of main shaft and the inwall of axle sleeve, and injection extreme pressure lubricant in a plurality of grooves that form on the inwall of hydrostatic bearing, utilize the high pressure of lubricating oil to make main shaft be in suspended state, thereby make main shaft and between axle sleeve and hydrostatic bearing not come in contact when rotated, effectively prevented from wearing and tearing between main shaft and hydrostatic bearing and axle sleeve, improve the precision of hydrostatic bearing main shaft device, guaranteed the precision of processing.
In further technical scheme, main shaft is connected with drive unit by transmission device, has realized being arranged dividing of hydrostatic bearing main shaft device and drive unit, is convenient to daily maintenance, maintenance.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the utility model specific embodiment or technical scheme of the prior art, the below will do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in the specific embodiment or description of the Prior Art, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is embodiments more of the present utility model, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
The structural representation of the hydrostatic bearing main shaft device that Fig. 1 provides for the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view in Fig. 1;
A kind of hydrostatic bearing schematic cross-section in the hydrostatic bearing main shaft device that Fig. 3 provides for the utility model embodiment;
Another kind of hydrostatic bearing schematic cross-section in the hydrostatic bearing main shaft device that Fig. 4 provides for the utility model embodiment.
Description of drawings:
The 1-main shaft, 11-is against projection;
The 2-axle sleeve, the 21-endoporus;
The 3-hydrostatic bearing, the 31-groove;
The 4-end cover; 5-the first cavity; The 6-shell; 7-the second cavity.
The specific embodiment
For making the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer; the below will carry out clear, complete description to the technical solution of the utility model; based on the specific embodiment in the utility model; those of ordinary skills are resulting all other embodiments under the prerequisite of not making creative work, all belong to the scope that the utility model is protected.
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the hydrostatic bearing main shaft device that provides in the present embodiment comprises main shaft 1 and axle sleeve 2, and main shaft 1 is placed in the endoporus 21 of axle sleeve 2, endoporus 21 is provided with hydrostatic bearing 3 along the two ends of the axial direction of main shaft 1, and hydrostatic bearing 3 is socketed on the outer wall of main shaft 1; Axle sleeve 2 is provided with end cover 4 along the two ends of the axial direction of main shaft 1, and the end of main shaft 1 extend out to the outside of end cover 4; The inwall of the outer wall of main shaft 1 and axle sleeve 2 is formed with the first cavity 5; Be formed with a plurality of grooves 31 on the inwall of hydrostatic bearing 3, and a plurality of groove 31 is uniform ringwise around main shaft 1.
During use, form in the first cavity 5 to the outer wall of main shaft 1 and the inwall of axle sleeve 2, and the interior injection extreme pressure lubricant of a plurality of grooves 31 that form on the inwall of hydrostatic bearing 3, extreme pressure lubricant is interior with main shaft 1 jack-up at the first cavity 5, extreme pressure lubricant is interior with main shaft 1 jack-up at a plurality of grooves 31 simultaneously, and make the outer wall of main shaft 1 and the inwall of hydrostatic bearing 3 and the inwall of axle sleeve 2 break away from, thereby make main shaft 1 be in suspended state, simultaneously formation lubricating oil film in the gap of extreme pressure lubricant between the outer wall of the inwall of hydrostatic bearing 3 and main shaft 1.At this moment, main shaft 1 rotation just not can and axle sleeve 2 and hydrostatic bearing 3 between come in contact, can not wear and tear between main shaft 1 and hydrostatic bearing 3 and axle sleeve 2, and then improve the precision of hydrostatic bearing main shaft device, guaranteed the machining accuracy of part; Further, reduce maintenance, the maintenance times of because of wearing and tearing, the hydrostatic bearing main shaft device being carried out because of main shaft 1, hydrostatic bearing 3 and axle sleeve 2, improved operating efficiency.
Further, lubricating oil also can play lubricated, cooling effect before to main shaft 1 and bearing and axle sleeve 2.
In the present embodiment, for the ease of offer groove 31 on the inwall of hydrostatic bearing 3, as shown in Figure 1, groove 31 can be offered the growth bar shaped along the axis direction of main shaft 1, and as shown in Figure 3, groove 31 is fan-shaped along the cross section perpendicular to the axis direction of main shaft 1.
in the present embodiment, groove 31 domestic demands of offering on inwall due to hydrostatic bearing 3 are injected extreme pressure lubricant, thereby with main shaft 1 jack-up, the degree of depth of the groove 31 of therefore offering can exert an influence to the pressure of groove 31 interior lubricating oil, therefore need to guarantee the deep equality of a plurality of grooves 31, thereby make the lubricating oil in a plurality of uniform grooves ringwise 31 all equate main shaft 1 pressure, the deep processing that waits for the ease of groove 31, as shown in Figure 4, can make groove 31 curved along the cross section perpendicular to the axis direction of main shaft 1, so can just can process groove 31 on the inwall of hydrostatic bearing 3 with simple eccentric technique, and can be good at guaranteeing a plurality of grooves 31 deep equalities of processing, thereby the problem of the difficult processing of dark groove 31 such as overcome.Utilize simultaneously dark groove 31 such as a plurality of grades can guarantee that the pressure that main shaft 1 is imposed equates, the precision when further guaranteeing main shaft 1 rotation, thereby the machining accuracy of raising part.
Further preferred, the quantity of the groove 31 that the inwall of hydrostatic bearing 3 is offered is preferably four, when like this can the extreme pressure lubricant in guaranteeing four grooves 31 main shaft 1 being played suspension support effect preferably, and the difficulty of processing of reduction hydrostatic bearing 3.
In the present embodiment, because the axial float of main shaft 1 is also the key factor that affects the precision of hydrostatic bearing main shaft device.The axial float of main shaft 1 is that main shaft 1 is adding man-hour, is moved along axis direction axle sleeve 2 is interior, thereby causes the precise decreasing of hydrostatic bearing main shaft device.
For this reason, as shown in Figure 1, can lean respectively with against protruding 11 locating to be formed with the end face that is positioned at endoporus 21 against 11, two hydrostatic bearings 3 of projection on main shaft 1 between two hydrostatic bearings 3.It utilizes 3 pairs of main shafts 1 of hydrostatic bearing to play against, spacing effect, prevents that main shaft 1 from the interior generation axial jump of axle sleeve 2, further improving the precision of hydrostatic bearing main shaft device, has guaranteed the precision of processing.
In the present embodiment, due to when the processing parts, main shaft 1 need to be told rotation, can produce larger heat energy for this reason, and can make the temperature of main shaft 1, hydrostatic bearing 3 and axle sleeve 2 raise, if can not take cooling measure to main shaft 1, hydrostatic bearing 3 and axle sleeve 2 timely, after temperature reaches certain numerical value, certain thermal deformation can occur in main shaft 1, hydrostatic bearing 3 and axle sleeve 2, thereby also can have influence on the precision of hydrostatic bearing main shaft device.
For this reason, also comprise shell 6 in the present embodiment, axle sleeve 2 is arranged in shell 6, and the end of main shaft 1 extend out to the outside of shell 6; And be formed with the second cavity 7 between shell 6 and axle sleeve 2.
During use, can be to the second interior injection cooling fluid of cavity 7 that forms between shell 6 and axle sleeve 2, utilize cooling fluid that axle sleeve 2 is lowered the temperature, and form heat exchange with hydrostatic bearing 3 and main shaft 1, thereby realize axle sleeve 2, hydrostatic bearing 3 and main shaft 1 cooling are processed, avoid axle sleeve 2, hydrostatic bearing 3 and main shaft 1 that thermal deformation occurs, further guaranteed the precision of hydrostatic bearing main shaft device.
In the present embodiment, for the ease of to the second interior injection cooling fluid of cavity 7, cooling liquid injecting device can be set, and be provided with inlet and outlet on shell 6, cooling liquid injecting device is connected with inlet by pipeline.
Only need utilize cooling liquid injecting device that cooling fluid is injected in the second cavity 7 by inlet during use, also can utilize the coolant drain after outlet will heat up, be convenient to injection and the discharge of cooling fluid, simple to operate.
Further, in order to realize the recycling of cooling fluid, also can be provided with heat dissipation tank, outlet is connected with heat dissipation tank by pipeline, and heat dissipation tank is connected with cooling liquid injecting device by pipeline.
During use, utilize cooling liquid injecting device that cooling fluid is injected in the second cavity 7 by inlet, then the cooling fluid after the second interior intensification of cavity 7 is disposed in heat dissipation tank by outlet, and dispel the heat in heat dissipation tank, cooling fluid after dispelling the heat simultaneously utilizes cooling liquid injecting device that cooling fluid is injected in the second cavity 7 by inlet again, thereby realizes the recycling of cooling fluid.
Above-mentioned cooling fluid is preferably water.
Embodiment two:
The grinding machine that provides in the present embodiment, it mainly comprises emery wheel, main shaft device and drive unit, main shaft device is any of the hydrostatic bearing main shaft device described in above-described embodiment one, one end of the main shaft 1 in the hydrostatic bearing main shaft device is connected with emery wheel, and the other end of main shaft 1 is connected with drive unit.
It is by forming in the first cavity 5 to the outer wall of main shaft 1 and the inwall of axle sleeve 2, and the interior injection extreme pressure lubricant of a plurality of grooves 31 that form on the inwall of hydrostatic bearing 3, utilize the high pressure of lubricating oil to make main shaft 1 be in suspended state, thereby make main shaft 1 and between axle sleeve 2 and hydrostatic bearing 3 not come in contact when rotated, effectively prevented from wearing and tearing between main shaft 1 and bearing and axle sleeve 2, improve the precision of hydrostatic bearing main shaft device, and then improved the machining accuracy of grinding machine.
In the present embodiment, for the ease of the installation of hydrostatic bearing main shaft device and daily maintenance and repair, main shaft 1 can be connected with drive unit by transmission device.Thereby realize that machinery, electrical appliance part separate, be convenient to dismounting, be convenient to daily maintenance, maintenance.
It should be noted that, just provide the embodiment that the hydrostatic bearing main shaft device is used for grinding machine in above-described embodiment two, but should not be confined to this.
The hydrostatic bearing main shaft device that embodiment one provides also can be used for various high accuracy, high-speed grinding machine, for example cylindrical grinder, surface grinding machine, internal grinder; In addition, also can be used in the middle of the machining apparatus of main shaft device of the various high rigidity of needs such as numerically controlled lathe, numerical control borer, high rotating accuracy.
It should be noted that at last: above embodiment and embodiment only in order to the technical solution of the utility model to be described, are not intended to limit; Although with reference to aforementioned embodiments and embodiment, the utility model is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme that aforementioned embodiments or embodiment put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make essence disengaging the utility model embodiment of appropriate technical solution or the spirit and scope of embodiment technical scheme.