CN203014766U - AC switch - Google Patents

AC switch Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203014766U
CN203014766U CN 201320006780 CN201320006780U CN203014766U CN 203014766 U CN203014766 U CN 203014766U CN 201320006780 CN201320006780 CN 201320006780 CN 201320006780 U CN201320006780 U CN 201320006780U CN 203014766 U CN203014766 U CN 203014766U
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
switch
voltage
switch element
alternating
control
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Expired - Lifetime
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CN 201320006780
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
丁屹峰
段大鹏
钱叶牛
于希娟
赵贺
周作春
唐宇
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Beijing Electric Power Corp
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Beijing Electric Power Corp
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Priority to CN 201320006780 priority Critical patent/CN203014766U/en
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Publication of CN203014766U publication Critical patent/CN203014766U/en
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Abstract

The utility model discloses an AC switch. The AC switch comprises two connection terminals, two control terminals and four switch control units. The second end of the first switch is connected with the first connection terminal; a first control end is connected with the first control terminal; the voltage of the first switch unit at the first end of the first switch is higher than the voltage at the second end of the first switch, and the first control terminal is conducted when connected to positive voltage and is turned off otherwise; the first end of the second switch is connected with the first end of the first switch, the second end of the second switch is connected with the second connection terminal, a second control end is connected with the second control terminal, and the second switch unit possesses the same switch characteristic with the first switch unit; the third switch unit is in parallel connection with the first switch unit, the third switch unit is conducted when the voltage at one end is higher than the voltage at the other end and is turned off otherwise; and the fourth switch unit is in parallel connection with the second switch unit and is provided with the same switch characteristic with the third switch unit. According to the AC switch, complete cycle any instant on and off control on an AC circuit is achieved, and the flexibility is high.

Description

Alternating-current switch
Technical field
The utility model relates to circuit field, in particular to a kind of alternating-current switch.
Background technology
Alternating-current switch is that more device is used in electric power system, at some high voltages, large electric current, require QA occasion can utilize the break-make of the switching characteristic control circuit of power electronic device, for example: the characteristic of utilizing conducting and the shutoff of thyristor, by controlling the voltage of gate circuit transistor gate, just can control the break-make of circuit between anode and negative electrode.This class electronic power switch device is compared with traditional contactor-relay system, its major loop and control loop all do not have contact and movable mechanical structure, thereby, there are not the problems such as electric arc, contact abrasion and melting welding, be widely used in modern power systems.Yet it is controlled that thyristor is only opened, and shutoff can only lean on voltage over zero automatically to complete, and namely turn-offs uncontrollable.
Controlled in order to reach shutoff, there is the alternating-current switch that adopts the bidirectional thyristor switch to realize in prior art.Bidirectional thyristor is a silicon semiconductor device with NPNPN five-layer structure, unidirectional thyristor by two reverse parallel connections forms, electric current can pass through from both direction, its profile is similar to triode thyristor, three electrodes are also arranged, namely control utmost point g and main electrode a1, a2, its electrical symbol as shown in Figure 1.The bidirectional thyristor switch performance have a following features:
(1) making alive between main electrode, and when controlling utmost point g and there is no triggering signal, not conducting of bidirectional thyristor.
(2) regardless of polarity of voltage between main electrode, g adds triggering signal (can just can bear) at the control utmost point, all can trigger the bidirectional thyristor conducting, because negative signal triggers required trigger voltage, electric current is less and reliable operation, so usually adopt the negative signal triggering mode.
(3) after the bidirectional thyristor conducting, then remove triggering signal, can continue to keep conducting, only have that between main electrode, voltage is that 0(or electric current are 0) time, bidirectional thyristor just turn-offs voluntarily.
Although bidirectional thyristor is a kind of desirable alternating-current switch device, be widely used in the circuit such as alternating-current switch, AC voltage adjusting, AC speed regulating, lamp light-regulating and solid-state relay and solid-state contactor, but due to its only between main electrode voltage be that 0(or the electric current of flowing through are 0) time just turn-offs, and can not realize the shutoff on any time institute's chord road.
Also there is the alternating-current switch that adopts insulated gate bipolar transistor to realize in prior art.Insulated gate bipolar transistor is called for short IGBT, is a kind of novel load power device, has that input impedance is large, control circuit is simple, switching loss is little, the operating frequency advantages of higher, is with fastest developing speed and up-and-coming a kind of switching device.It has three electrodes, is respectively collector electrode C, emitter E and grid G, and electrical symbol as shown in Figure 2.
If the C utmost point of IGBT connects positive source, the E utmost point connects power cathode, and its turn-on and turn-off are controlled by grid voltage.When adding positive voltage on grid, form raceway groove in MOSFET, and for the transistor of PNP provides base current, thereby make the IGBT conducting, conducting between splicing ear 1 and splicing ear 2.When adding negative voltage on grid, the raceway groove in MOSFET disappears, and the transistorized base current of PNP is cut off, and IGBT namely turn-offs, and turn-offs between splicing ear 1 and splicing ear 2.
Thereby, for the insulated gate bipolar transistor switch, conducting when the alternating voltage positive half period, and turn-off at the alternating voltage negative half-cycle.
To sum up, alternating-current switch of the prior art can't realize controlling alternating current circuit in arbitrarily angled conducting and shutoff, the break-make very flexible completed.
Problem for alternating-current switch break-make very flexible in correlation technique not yet proposes effective solution at present.
The utility model content
Main purpose of the present utility model is to provide a kind of alternating-current switch, to solve the problem of alternating-current switch break-make very flexible.
To achieve these goals, according to an aspect of the present utility model, provide a kind of alternating-current switch.
comprise according to alternating-current switch of the present utility model: the first splicing ear, the second splicing ear, the first control terminal, the second control terminal, the first switch element, the first switch element has the first switch first end, the first switch the second end and the first control end, first switch the second end is connected with the first splicing ear, the first control end is connected with the first control terminal, wherein, when the voltage of the first switch first end connects positive voltage higher than the voltage of first switch the second end and the first control end, the first switch element conducting, when the voltage of the first switch first end connects negative voltage higher than the voltage of first switch the second end and the first control end, perhaps when the voltage of the first switch first end during lower than the voltage of first switch the second end, the first switch element turn-offs, the second switch unit, the second switch unit has the second switch first end, second switch the second end and the second control end, the second switch first end is connected with the first switch first end, second switch the second end is connected with the second splicing ear, the second control end is connected with the second control terminal, wherein, when the voltage of second switch first end connects positive voltage higher than the voltage of second switch the second end and the second control end, the second switch cell conduction, when the voltage of second switch first end connects negative voltage higher than the voltage of second switch the second end and the second control end, perhaps when the voltage of second switch first end during lower than the voltage of second switch the second end, the second switch unit turn-offs, the 3rd switch element is in parallel with the first switch element, wherein, when the voltage of the first end of the 3rd switch element during higher than the voltage of the second end of the 3rd switch element, the 3rd switch element conducting, during lower than the voltage of the second end of the 3rd switch element, the 3rd switch element turn-offs when the voltage of the first end of the 3rd switch element, the 4th switch element is in parallel with the second switch unit, wherein, when the voltage of the first end of the 4th switch element during higher than the voltage of the second end of the 4th switch element, the 4th switch element conducting, during lower than the voltage of the second end of the 4th switch element, the 4th switch element turn-offs when the voltage of the first end of the 4th switch element.
Further, this alternating-current switch also comprises: the first resistance-capacitance circuit, and in parallel with the first switch element; And second resistance-capacitance circuit, in parallel with the second switch unit.
Further, this alternating-current switch also comprises: the first resistance, and in parallel with the first switch element; And second resistance, in parallel with the second switch unit.
Further, the first switch element and second switch unit are insulated gate bipolar transistor.
Further, the 3rd switch element and the 4th switch element are diode.
Further, the equal series circuit for being formed by resistance and electric capacity of the first resistance-capacitance circuit and the second resistance-capacitance circuit.
Further, the resistance of the first resistance and the second resistance equates.
pass through the utility model, employing comprises the alternating-current switch of following structure: two splicing ears, two control terminals and four switch control units, wherein, first switch the second end of the first switch element is connected with the first splicing ear, the first control end is connected with the first control terminal, when the voltage of the first switch first end connects positive voltage higher than the voltage of first switch the second end and the first control end, the first switch element conducting, when the voltage of the first switch first end connects negative voltage higher than the voltage of first switch the second end and the first control end, perhaps when the voltage of the first switch first end during lower than the voltage of first switch the second end, the first switch element turn-offs, the second switch first end of second switch unit is connected with the first switch first end, second switch the second end is connected with the second splicing ear, the second control end is connected with the second control terminal, and the second switch unit has identical switching characteristic with the first switch element, the 3rd switch element is in parallel with the first switch element, wherein, when the conducting during higher than the voltage of the second end of the 3rd switch element of the voltage of the first end of the 3rd switch element, otherwise turn-offs, the 4th switch element is with second switch unit parallel connection and have identical switching characteristic with the 3rd switch element, alternating current circuit be can control and conducting and shutoff completed arbitrarily angled, solve the problem of alternating-current switch break-make very flexible, and then reached the effect that improves the flexibility of alternating-current switch break-make.
Description of drawings
The accompanying drawing that consists of the application's a part is used to provide further understanding of the present utility model, and illustrative examples of the present utility model and explanation thereof are used for explaining the utility model, do not consist of improper restriction of the present utility model.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the electrical symbol according to the bidirectional thyristor switch of correlation technique;
Fig. 2 is the electrical symbol according to the insulated gate bipolar transistor of correlation technique;
Fig. 3 is the theory diagram according to the alternating-current switch of the utility model the first embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the connection diagram according to the alternating-current switch of the utility model the second embodiment; And
Fig. 5 is the connection diagram according to the alternating-current switch of the utility model the 3rd embodiment.
Embodiment
Need to prove, in the situation that do not conflict, embodiment and the feature in embodiment in the application can make up mutually.Describe below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments the utility model in detail.
Fig. 3 is the theory diagram according to the alternating-current switch of the utility model the first embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, this alternating-current switch comprises two splicing ears and two control terminals, wherein, two splicing ears are connected with alternating-current switch residing alternating current circuit respectively, these two splicing ears can be according to circuit needs relative set, for example directly is set to wire and is connected with wire in the alternating current circuit, perhaps is set to the alternating current circuit to adaptive connection jaws; Two control terminals are connected with external control circuit or control device, receive outside control signal, comprise positive voltage and negative voltage, to control the break-make of alternating-current switch.
Particularly, the first switch element has the first switch first end, the first switch the second end and the first control end, wherein, the first switch first end is connected with the second switch first end of second switch unit, first switch the second end is connected with the first splicing ear, and the first control end is connected with the first control terminal.The switching characteristic of this first switch element is as follows: when the voltage of the first switch first end connects positive voltage higher than the voltage of first switch the second end and the first control end, the first switch element conducting, when the voltage of the first switch first end connects negative voltage higher than the voltage of first switch the second end and the first control end, perhaps when the voltage of the first switch first end during lower than the voltage of first switch the second end, the first switch element turn-offs.
The second switch unit has second switch first end, second switch the second end and the second control end, wherein, the second switch first end is connected with the first switch first end of the first switch element, second switch the second end is connected with the second splicing ear, the second control end is connected with the second control terminal, and the switching characteristic of this second switch unit is identical with the switching characteristic of the first switch element.
The 3rd switch element is in parallel with the first switch element, and the first end of the 3rd switch element is connected with first switch the second end of the first switch element, and the second end of the 3rd switch element is connected with the first switch first end of the first switch element.The switching characteristic of the 3rd switch element is as follows: when the voltage of the first end of the 3rd switch element during higher than the voltage of the second end of the 3rd switch element, the 3rd switch element conducting, during lower than the voltage of the second end of the 3rd switch element, the 3rd switch element turn-offs when the voltage of the first end of the 3rd switch element.
The 4th switch element is in parallel with the second switch unit, and the first end of the 4th switch element is connected with second switch second end of second switch unit, and the second end of the 4th switch element is connected with the second switch first end of second switch unit.The switching characteristic of the 4th switch element is identical with the switching characteristic of the 3rd switch element.
Need to prove, each switch element can be independent electric components, can be also the circuit that a plurality of electric components form, as long as realize the switching characteristic of each switch element, all can realize the alternating-current switch of this embodiment.
the alternating-current switch that adopts this embodiment to provide is placed in the alternating current circuit, switching characteristic according to each switch element, when the first splicing ear current potential during higher than the second splicing ear current potential, the first switch element turn-offs, the 3rd switch element conducting that is in parallel with the first switch element, the 4th switch element that is in parallel with the second switch unit turn-offs, the break-make of second switch unit can be connected by the second control terminal (or second control end) Polarity Control of voltage, particularly, second switch cell conduction when the second control end connects positive voltage, when connecting negative voltage, the second switch unit turn-offs.Therefore, when the current potential of the first splicing ear during higher than the current potential of the second splicing ear, applying positive voltage to the second control terminal can make between the first splicing ear and the second splicing ear and be communicated with, it is also the alternating-current switch conducting, can make and disconnect between the first splicing ear and the second splicing ear and apply negative voltage to the second control terminal, be also that alternating-current switch turn-offs.
Correspondingly, when the first splicing ear current potential during lower than the second splicing ear current potential, the second switch unit turn-offs, the 4th switch element conducting that is in parallel with the second switch unit, the 3rd switch element that is in parallel with the first switch element turn-offs, and the break-make of the first switch element can be connected the Polarity Control of voltage by the first control terminal (or first control end), particularly, the first switch element conducting when the first control end connects positive voltage, when connecting negative voltage, the first switch element turn-offs.Therefore, when the current potential of the first splicing ear during lower than the current potential of the second splicing ear, applying positive voltage to the first control terminal can make between the first splicing ear and the second splicing ear and be communicated with, it is also the alternating-current switch conducting, can make and disconnect between the first splicing ear and the second splicing ear and apply negative voltage to the first control terminal, be also that alternating-current switch turn-offs.
To sum up, adopt the alternating-current switch of this embodiment, no matter the alternating voltage in current alternating current circuit is in positive half period or negative half-cycle, all can apply positive voltage or negative voltage is realized any instantaneous break-make by control end, makes the break-make flexibility of alternating-current switch high.
Fig. 4 is the connection diagram according to the alternating-current switch of the utility model the second embodiment, and as shown in Figure 4, this alternating-current switch comprises the diode that the insulated gate bipolar transistor of two common collectors and two are in parallel with insulated gate bipolar transistor respectively.
Wherein, the first splicing ear P1 of alternating-current switch be connected splicing ear P2 and be connected with alternating-current switch residing alternating current circuit respectively, these two splicing ears can be according to circuit needs relative set; The first control terminal T1 be connected control terminal T2 and be respectively used to connect external control circuit or control device, receive outside control signal, comprise positive voltage and negative voltage, to control the break-make of alternating-current switch.
The emitter E 1 of the first insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 1 connects the first splicing ear P1, and collector electrode C1 connects the collector electrode C2 of the second insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 2, and grid G 1 connects the first control terminal T1; The emitter E 2 of the second insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 2 connects the second splicing ear P2, and collector electrode C2 connects the collector electrode C1 of the first insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 1, and grid G 2 connects the second control terminal T2; The positive pole of the first diode VD1 is connected with the first splicing ear P1, and negative pole is connected with the collector electrode C1 of the first insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 1; The positive pole of the second diode VD2 is connected with the second splicing ear P2, and negative pole is connected with the collector electrode C2 of the second insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 2.
When alternating-current switch is connected in the alternating current circuit and after AC power connects, at the current potential of the alternating voltage positive half period inner terminal P1 current potential higher than terminals P 2, when adding positive voltage for IGBT2 grid G 2, the IGBT2 conducting, pass through VD1, IGBT2 conducting between terminals P 1 and terminals P 2, when adding negative voltage for IGBT2 grid G 2, IGBT2 disconnects, and disconnects between terminals P 1 and terminals P 2; In the alternating voltage negative half-cycle, the current potential of terminals P 1 is lower than the current potential of terminals P 2, when adding positive voltage for IGBT1 grid G 1, the IGBT1 conducting, between terminals P 1 and terminals P 2, by VD2, IGBT1 conducting, when adding negative voltage for IGBT1 grid G 1, IGBT1 disconnects, disconnect between terminals P 1 and terminals P 2, thereby realize controlling alternating current circuit branch road conducting and the disconnection of any moment.
Adopt the alternating-current switch of this embodiment, realize the instantaneous break-make of alternating current circuit any period by simple electric components, make the break-make flexibility of alternating-current switch high, and circuit connecting mode is simple, cost is low, is easy to the alternating current circuit and uses.
Fig. 5 is the connection diagram according to the alternating-current switch of the utility model the 3rd embodiment, and this embodiment is further improved preferred embodiment on basis embodiment illustrated in fig. 4.
As shown in Figure 5, in parallel respectively resistance-capacitance circuit and resistance at the two ends of the first insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 1 and the second insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT 2.Particularly, the first resistance R 1 is in parallel with IGBT1; The second resistance 2 is in parallel with IGBT2; The first resistance-capacitance circuit is comprised of the first capacitor C 3 and the 3rd resistance R 3 of series connection, and is in parallel with IGBT1; The second resistance-capacitance circuit is comprised of the second capacitor C 4 and the 4th resistance R 4 of series connection, and is in parallel with IGBT2.
Adopt the alternating-current switch of this embodiment, can solve change static state that voltage slowly or direct voltage bring not voltage-sharing and device open with turn off process in the instantaneous voltage problem of non-uniform that occurs, simultaneously, the capacitance-resistance loop can also be as the surge voltage absorption circuit.
Further preferably, the first resistance R 1 equates with the resistance of the second resistance 2, and the first resistance-capacitance circuit and the second resistance-capacitance circuit are identical resistance-capacitance circuit.
This embodiment also provides the control method of controlling above-mentioned any alternating-current switch.Particularly, when alternating-current switch is connected in alternating current circuit, the method comprises: when the current potential of the first splicing ear during lower than the current potential of the second splicing ear, apply positive voltage to control the alternating-current switch conducting to the first control terminal, apply negative voltage to the first control terminal and turn-off to control alternating-current switch; And during higher than the current potential of the second splicing ear, apply positive voltage to control alternating-current switch conducting to the second control terminal when the current potential of the first splicing ear, apply negative voltage to the second control terminal and turn-off to control alternating-current switch.
Adopt the control method of this embodiment to control above-mentioned arbitrary alternating-current switch, no matter the alternating voltage in current alternating current circuit is in positive half period or negative half-cycle, all can control according to actual needs the alternating-current switch break-make, make the break-make flexibility of alternating-current switch improve.
In above description, can find out, the utility model has been realized following technique effect: by alternating-current switch of the present utility model, can realize controlling the alternating current circuit branch road in any instantaneous break-make of the complete period of alternating voltage, also namely complete conducting and shutoff, the flexibility that has improved the alternating-current switch break-make arbitrarily angled.
These are only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, be not limited to the utility model, for a person skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and variations.All within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection range of the present utility model.

Claims (7)

1. an alternating-current switch, is characterized in that, comprising:
The first splicing ear (P1);
The second splicing ear (P2);
The first control terminal (T1);
The second control terminal (T2);
the first switch element (IGBT1), described the first switch element (IGBT1) has the first switch first end (C1), first switch the second end (E1) and the first control end (G1), described first switch the second end (E1) is connected with described the first splicing ear (P1), described the first control end (G1) is connected with described the first control terminal (T1), wherein, when the voltage of described the first switch first end (C1) connects positive voltage higher than the voltage of described first switch the second end (E1) and described the first control end (G1), described the first switch element (IGBT1) conducting, when the voltage of described the first switch first end (C1) connects negative voltage higher than the voltage of described first switch the second end (E1) and described the first control end (G1), perhaps when the voltage of described the first switch first end (C1) during lower than the voltage of described first switch the second end (E1), described the first switch element (IGBT1) turn-offs,
second switch unit (IGBT2), described second switch unit (IGBT2) has second switch first end (C2), second switch the second end (E2) and the second control end (G2), described second switch first end (C2) is connected with described the first switch first end (C1), described second switch the second end (E2) is connected with described the second splicing ear (P2), described the second control end (G2) is connected with described the second control terminal (T2), wherein, when the voltage of described second switch first end (C2) connects positive voltage higher than the voltage of described second switch the second end (E2) and described the second control end (G2), described second switch unit (IGBT2) conducting, when the voltage of described second switch first end (C2) connects negative voltage higher than the voltage of described second switch the second end (E2) and described the second control end (G2), perhaps when the voltage of described second switch first end (C2) during lower than the voltage of described second switch the second end (E2), described second switch unit (IGBT2) turn-offs,
The 3rd switch element (VD1), in parallel with described the first switch element (IGBT1), wherein, when the voltage of the first end of described the 3rd switch element (VD1) during higher than the voltage of the second end of described the 3rd switch element (VD1), described the 3rd switch element (VD1) conducting, during lower than the voltage of the second end of described the 3rd switch element (VD1), described the 3rd switch element (VD1) turn-offs when the voltage of the first end of described the 3rd switch element (VD1);
The 4th switch element (VD2), in parallel with described second switch unit (IGBT2), wherein, when the voltage of the first end of described the 4th switch element (VD2) during higher than the voltage of the second end of described the 4th switch element (VD2), described the 4th switch element (VD2) conducting, during lower than the voltage of the second end of described the 4th switch element (VD2), described the 4th switch element (VD1) turn-offs when the voltage of the first end of described the 4th switch element (VD2).
2. alternating-current switch according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises:
The first resistance-capacitance circuit, in parallel with described the first switch element (IGBT1); And
The second resistance-capacitance circuit, in parallel with described second switch unit (IGBT2).
3. alternating-current switch according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises:
The first resistance (R1), in parallel with described the first switch element (IGBT1); And
The second resistance (R2), in parallel with described second switch unit (IGBT2).
4. the described alternating-current switch of any one according to claim 1 to 3, is characterized in that, described the first switch element and described second switch unit are insulated gate bipolar transistor.
5. alternating-current switch according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described the 3rd switch element and described the 4th switch element are diode.
6. alternating-current switch according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described the first resistance-capacitance circuit and described the second resistance-capacitance circuit be the series circuit for being comprised of resistance and electric capacity all.
7. alternating-current switch according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the resistance of described the first resistance (R1) and described the second resistance (R2) equates.
CN 201320006780 2013-01-07 2013-01-07 AC switch Expired - Lifetime CN203014766U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 201320006780 CN203014766U (en) 2013-01-07 2013-01-07 AC switch

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 201320006780 CN203014766U (en) 2013-01-07 2013-01-07 AC switch

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN203014766U true CN203014766U (en) 2013-06-19

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103916111A (en) * 2013-01-07 2014-07-09 国家电网公司 Alternating-current switch and control method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103916111A (en) * 2013-01-07 2014-07-09 国家电网公司 Alternating-current switch and control method thereof
CN103916111B (en) * 2013-01-07 2017-03-22 国家电网公司 Alternating-current switch and control method thereof

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