CN202942800U - Desulfurization and denitrification combined system for sintering flue gas - Google Patents
Desulfurization and denitrification combined system for sintering flue gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN202942800U CN202942800U CN 201220668482 CN201220668482U CN202942800U CN 202942800 U CN202942800 U CN 202942800U CN 201220668482 CN201220668482 CN 201220668482 CN 201220668482 U CN201220668482 U CN 201220668482U CN 202942800 U CN202942800 U CN 202942800U
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
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- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
本实用新型提供了一种烧结烟气脱硫脱硝组合系统,包括烟气脱硫装置、与烟气脱硫装置连接的布袋收尘器、与布袋收尘器连接的增压风机、与增压风机连接的烟道再加热装置、及与烟道再加热装置连接的烟气脱硝装置;所述烟气脱硫装置包括脱硫吸收塔和设置在脱硫吸收塔上部的吸收剂的消化与混合装置,所述脱硫吸收塔与布袋收尘器之间设置有吸收剂循环装置,所述烟气脱硝装置包括SCR反应器、及设置在SCR反应器上的还原剂制备装置和催化剂再生装置。本实用新型提供了一种烧结烟气脱硫脱硝组合系统,不仅能有效实现烧结烟气的脱硫脱硝,而且能够有效利用原有的生产介质到达了节能的效果。
The utility model provides a sintering flue gas desulfurization and denitrification combined system, which comprises a flue gas desulfurization device, a bag dust collector connected with the flue gas desulfurization device, a booster fan connected with the bag dust collector, and a A flue gas reheating device and a flue gas denitrification device connected with the flue gas reheating device; the flue gas desulfurization device includes a desulfurization absorption tower and an absorbent digestion and mixing device arranged on the upper part of the desulfurization absorption tower, and the desulfurization absorption An absorbent circulation device is arranged between the tower and the bag filter, and the flue gas denitrification device includes an SCR reactor, a reducing agent preparation device and a catalyst regeneration device arranged on the SCR reactor. The utility model provides a sintering flue gas desulfurization and denitrification combination system, which can not only effectively realize the desulfurization and denitrification of the sintering flue gas, but also can effectively utilize the original production medium to achieve the effect of energy saving.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及大气污染防治领域,特别涉及一种适用于低浓度条件下的烧结烟气脱硫脱硝组合系统。The utility model relates to the field of air pollution prevention and control, in particular to a sintering flue gas desulfurization and denitrification combination system suitable for low concentration conditions.
背景技术Background technique
烧结工序是钢铁冶金长流程中铁前工艺中重要环节。烧结生产过程中产生多种大气污染物占整个冶金生产流程中排放总量的比重最大。其中包括气态污染物如二氧化硫、氮氧化物、PCDD/F在内的多种有机物,还包括颗粒类污染物如粉尘类、碱金属、多种重金属等。各个地区使用烧结原料与燃料的不同造成烧结烟气排放浓度差异非常大。二氧化硫浓度从500-5000mg/Nm3范围内,氮氧化物在250-500mg/Nm3的范围内。The sintering process is an important link in the pre-iron process in the long process of iron and steel metallurgy. A variety of air pollutants produced in the sintering production process account for the largest proportion of the total emissions in the entire metallurgical production process. It includes gaseous pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, PCDD/F, and various organic substances, as well as particulate pollutants such as dust, alkali metals, and various heavy metals. The differences in the use of sintering raw materials and fuels in various regions lead to very large differences in the concentration of sintering flue gas emissions. The concentration of sulfur dioxide is in the range of 500-5000 mg/Nm 3 , and the range of nitrogen oxides is in the range of 250-500 mg/Nm 3 .
随着国民经济的发展和人们对环境保护要求的日益提高,“十一五”期间内,烧结机烟气脱硫已经大范围开展,投入商业运行的有湿法与半干法两种主流方法。烧结机烟气脱硝并没有进行开展。国家环保部已将氮氧化物列入“十二五”总量控制指标,目前需要进行烟气脱硫工作的同时必须能进行氮氧化物的减排工作。With the development of the national economy and people's increasing requirements for environmental protection, during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, flue gas desulfurization of sintering machines has been carried out on a large scale, and there are two mainstream methods put into commercial operation, wet method and semi-dry method. Sintering machine flue gas denitrification has not been carried out. The Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China has included nitrogen oxides in the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" total control indicators. At present, flue gas desulfurization work must be carried out at the same time as the emission reduction of nitrogen oxides.
目前钢铁行业烧结烟气脱硫已经开展近10年,各种方法得到了应用,各种技术在不断的摸索与实践过程中趋近于成熟。但在烧结烟气脱硝领域还处于空白状态,烟气脱硝在火力发电行业已经得到了很广泛的应用,以氨作还原剂的SCR催化还原减排技术应用最为广泛。但烧结不同于电厂,烧结机烟气与电厂燃煤锅炉烟气有很大的不同,将电厂SCR脱硝工艺直接搬到钢铁行业的烧结机上是行不通的。At present, sintering flue gas desulfurization in the iron and steel industry has been carried out for nearly 10 years, various methods have been applied, and various technologies are approaching maturity in the process of continuous exploration and practice. However, the field of sintering flue gas denitrification is still blank. Flue gas denitrification has been widely used in thermal power generation industry, and SCR catalytic reduction emission reduction technology using ammonia as reducing agent is the most widely used. However, sintering is different from power plants. The flue gas of sintering machines is very different from the flue gas of coal-fired boilers in power plants. It is not feasible to directly transfer the SCR denitrification process of power plants to sintering machines in the steel industry.
烧结机烟气成份复杂、波动性大,具有如下特点:一是烟气量大,每吨烧结矿产生的烟气量在3500-5000m 3/h(工况);二是NOx浓度波动大,浓度范围一般在15-700mg/Nm3;三是各风箱烟气温度变化大,一般为50℃-400℃;四是烟气流量变化大,变化幅度可达40%左右;五是烟气中水分含量大且不稳定,一般为10%-13%;六是含氧量高,一般为13%-19%;七是烟气中含有多种污染物,除颗粒物、SO2、NOx外,还含有碱金属、重金属、PCDD/F以及其它多种有机物;八是总烟气中的NOx平均浓度偏低,一般为250-400mg/Nm3,远低于电厂烯煤锅炉烟气,不利于提高脱除效率;九是将电厂SCR工艺照搬用到烧结机上,由于催化剂和氨还原剂的消耗将会使得单位NOx的脱除成本高得惊人。The flue gas composition of the sintering machine is complex and fluctuating, and has the following characteristics: first, the flue gas volume is large, and the flue gas volume per ton of sintering ore is 3500-5000m 3 /h (working condition); second, the NOx concentration fluctuates greatly, The concentration range is generally 15-700mg/Nm 3 ; the third is that the flue gas temperature of each bellows varies greatly, generally 50°C-400°C; the fourth is that the flue gas flow rate varies greatly, and the variation range can reach about 40%; The moisture content is large and unstable, generally 10%-13%; the sixth is the high oxygen content, generally 13%-19%; the seventh is that the flue gas contains a variety of pollutants, except particulate matter, SO 2 , NOx, It also contains alkali metals, heavy metals, PCDD/F and many other organic substances; eighth, the average concentration of NOx in the total flue gas is low, generally 250-400mg/Nm 3 , which is far lower than the flue gas of coal-fired boilers in power plants, which is not conducive to Improve the removal efficiency; nine is to copy the power plant SCR process to the sintering machine, because the consumption of catalyst and ammonia reductant will make the unit NOx removal cost surprisingly high.
烟气脱硫除尘技术目前在烧结领域应用的实例可以归结为半干法与湿法两种形式,每种形式中根据反应吸收塔的类型不同又形成不同的工艺路线,但从反应机理方面探讨烟气脱硫技术可以归结为两种形式:第一,碱性吸收剂也液态形式参与反应,反应后吸收剂依然以液态形式存在,即为湿法其中包括石灰石(石灰)-石膏法、氨法、离子液法;第二,碱性吸收剂也干态形式或湿态形式参与反应但反应后的吸收剂均为干态并没有废水产生,这种反应原理的可以归结为半干法脱硫技术。这两种脱硫工艺路线在国内均有应用的实例。The current application examples of flue gas desulfurization and dust removal technology in the field of sintering can be summarized into two forms: semi-dry method and wet method. Each form has different process routes according to the type of reaction absorption tower. Gas desulfurization technology can be attributed to two forms: first, the alkaline absorbent also participates in the reaction in liquid form, and the absorbent still exists in liquid form after the reaction, that is, wet method, including limestone (lime)-gypsum method, ammonia method, Ionic liquid method; second, the alkaline absorbent also participates in the reaction in dry or wet form, but the absorbent after the reaction is dry and no waste water is produced. The principle of this reaction can be attributed to the semi-dry desulfurization technology. These two desulfurization process routes have application examples in China.
烟气脱硝技术主要有三种:SCR(SeleCtiveCatalytiCReduction简称SCR,选择性催化还原法)、SNCR(SeleCtiveNon一CatalytiCReduction,简称SNCR,选择性非催化还原法)和催化氧化/还原法。There are three main flue gas denitrification technologies: SCR (SeleCtiveCatalytiCReduction referred to as SCR, selective catalytic reduction method), SNCR (SeleCtiveNon-CatalytiCReduction, referred to as SNCR, selective non-catalytic reduction method) and catalytic oxidation/reduction method.
在烧结烟气治理领域进行烟气脱硝由于受限于烟气温度一直未予实施,对于类似于化学方法的SCR工艺,烟气温度低于300℃的环境很难实现脱硝的反应发生,目前在中国大陆地区还没有进行对烧结机烟气进行SCR脱硝处理,在台湾中钢公司的烧结工序的氮氧化物去除采用的烟气再热方式将预处理烟气温度提升至280℃以上,然后进行脱硝反应。Flue gas denitrification in the field of sintering flue gas treatment has not been implemented due to the limitation of flue gas temperature. For the SCR process similar to chemical methods, it is difficult to achieve the denitrification reaction in an environment where the flue gas temperature is lower than 300°C. The SCR denitrification treatment of sintering machine flue gas has not been carried out in mainland China. The flue gas reheating method used in the sintering process of Taiwan Sinosteel Corporation raises the temperature of the pretreated flue gas to above 280°C, and then performs Denitrification reaction.
为了能够实现烟气脱硝的实施,要保证进入到SCR系统前烟气的温度与洁净度,为了达到两种限制条件的制约,在烟道加装燃烧器并进行点火加热,具体的实现参照于烧结机台车点火系统的热源以适应烧结工序能源有效利用。In order to realize the implementation of flue gas denitrification, it is necessary to ensure the temperature and cleanliness of the flue gas before entering the SCR system. In order to meet the constraints of the two restrictions, a burner is installed in the flue and ignited for heating. The specific implementation refers to The heat source of the ignition system of the sintering machine trolley is adapted to the efficient utilization of energy in the sintering process.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型所要解决的技术问题是提供一种适用于低浓度条件下的烧结烟气脱硫脱硝组合系统。The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a sintering flue gas desulfurization and denitrification combination system suitable for low concentration conditions.
为解决上述技术问题,本实用新型提供了一种烧结烟气脱硫脱硝组合系统,包括烟气脱硫装置、与烟气脱硫装置连接的布袋收尘器、与布袋收尘器连接的增压风机、与增压风机连接的烟道再加热装置、及与烟道再加热装置连接的烟气脱硝装置。In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a sintering flue gas desulfurization and denitrification combined system, including a flue gas desulfurization device, a bag dust collector connected with the flue gas desulfurization device, a booster fan connected with the bag dust collector, The flue reheating device connected with the booster fan, and the flue gas denitrification device connected with the flue reheating device.
进一步地,所述烟气脱硫装置包括脱硫吸收塔和设置在脱硫吸收塔上部的吸收剂的消化与混合装置。Further, the flue gas desulfurization device includes a desulfurization absorption tower and an absorbent digestion and mixing device arranged on the upper part of the desulfurization absorption tower.
进一步地,所述脱硫吸收塔与布袋收尘器之间设置有吸收剂循环装置。Further, an absorbent circulation device is arranged between the desulfurization absorption tower and the bag filter.
进一步地,所述烟气脱硝装置包括SCR反应器、及设置在SCR反应器上的还原剂制备装置和催化剂再生装置。Further, the flue gas denitrification device includes an SCR reactor, and a reducing agent preparation device and a catalyst regeneration device arranged on the SCR reactor.
进一步地,所述SCR反应器采用的是固定床接触反应式SCR反应器。Further, the SCR reactor adopts a fixed-bed contact reaction SCR reactor.
进一步地,所述增压风机采用轴流式风机或离心式风机。Further, the booster fan is an axial flow fan or a centrifugal fan.
进一步地,所述烟道再加热装置内设置有煤气点火喷嘴。Further, a gas ignition nozzle is arranged in the flue reheating device.
本实用新型提供的一种烧结烟气脱硫脱硝组合系统具有以下优点:A sintering flue gas desulfurization and denitrification combined system provided by the utility model has the following advantages:
1、采用了烟气脱硫脱硝共用一台风机的形式布置,而且该风机布置于脱硫装置与脱硝装置中间,可以满足脱硫克服的压力损失,同时避免了脱硝之后烟气湿度加大对后续工序的影响。1. The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification share the form of a fan arrangement, and the fan is arranged between the desulfurization device and the denitrification device, which can meet the pressure loss overcome by desulfurization, and at the same time avoid the impact of the increase of flue gas humidity after denitrification on the subsequent process Influence.
2、采用了新型的烟气脱硫装置,采用专门的消化与混合装置,并利用烟气自由风速将吸收剂在吸收塔内进行粒度不同的分离,减少由于吸收剂全部循环造成的能源浪费,这种布置可以减少脱硫吸收剂的循环量,减少脱硫剂的使用量,减少副产物的外排,配合以布袋收尘器收集的吸收剂形成循环。2. Adopting a new type of flue gas desulfurization device, using a special digestion and mixing device, and using the free wind speed of the flue gas to separate the absorbent in the absorption tower with different particle sizes, reducing the energy waste caused by the entire cycle of the absorbent. This arrangement can reduce the circulation amount of desulfurization absorbent, reduce the usage of desulfurization agent, reduce the discharge of by-products, and cooperate with the absorbent collected by the bag filter to form a cycle.
3、采用煤气点火喷嘴布置于烟道再加热装置内用于对烟气进行加热。使用烧结厂现有的燃料,并利用烧结厂现有的废热,最大限度地利用烧结厂现有的各项能源介质条件。3. The gas ignition nozzle is arranged in the flue reheating device to heat the flue gas. Use the existing fuel of the sintering plant and utilize the existing waste heat of the sintering plant to maximize the use of the existing energy medium conditions of the sintering plant.
4、该系统可以不设置旁路,工业应用中如果有事故状态,脱硫脱硝系统可以进行介质隔离操作,使得脱硫脱硝装置成为可以通过烟气的通道,保证不对系统产生影响。4. The system does not need to set a bypass. If there is an accident state in industrial applications, the desulfurization and denitrification system can perform medium isolation operation, so that the desulfurization and denitrification device can become a channel through which flue gas can pass, ensuring that the system will not be affected.
5、本系统特别适用于现有烧结系统的改造,不对前面烧结系统造成影响。5. This system is especially suitable for the transformation of the existing sintering system without affecting the previous sintering system.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型实施例提供的一种烧结烟气脱硫脱硝组合系统的系统结构图。Fig. 1 is a system structure diagram of a sintering flue gas desulfurization and denitrification combined system provided by an embodiment of the utility model.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
参见图1,本实用新型实施例提供的一种烧结烟气脱硫脱硝组合系统,包括烟气脱硫装置、与烟气脱硫装置连接的布袋收尘器3、与布袋收尘器3连接的增压风机6、与增压风机6连接的烟道再加热装置7、及与烟道再加热装置7连接的烟气脱硝装置。其中,烟气脱硫装置包括脱硫吸收塔2和设置在脱硫吸收塔2上部的吸收剂消化与混合装置5,脱硫吸收塔2与布袋收尘器3之间设置有吸收剂循环装置4。烟气脱硝装置包括SCR反应器8、及设置在SCR反应器8上的还原剂制备装置9和催化剂再生装置10,烟道再加热装置7内设置有煤气点火喷嘴。Referring to Fig. 1, a sintering flue gas desulfurization and denitrification combined system provided by the embodiment of the utility model includes a flue gas desulfurization device, a
本实用新型实施例提供的一种烧结烟气脱硫脱硝组合系统的工作原理:The working principle of a sintering flue gas desulfurization and denitrification combined system provided by the embodiment of the utility model:
烧结台车1收集的烟气经过电除尘器之后进入到脱硫反应塔2中,经过吸收剂消化与混合装置5后的新鲜吸收剂进入到吸收塔2中,与经过脱硫吸收塔2的烟气进行混合完成脱硫的反应,经过脱硫吸收塔2反应后的烟气进入到布袋收尘器3中,经过布袋收尘器3收集起来的吸收剂经过吸收剂循环装置4,回流到脱硫吸收塔2中完成了脱硫吸收剂的循环利用。The flue gas collected by the sintering trolley 1 enters the desulfurization reaction tower 2 after passing through the electrostatic precipitator, and the fresh absorbent after the absorbent digestion and mixing
经过布袋收尘器3净化除尘后的烟气进入到增压风机6中对烟气进行增压。对于增压风机6的选择首先要考虑到克服脱硫收尘过程中的压力损失,同时要为后续的烟气脱硝过程留有足够的富裕量,为后续的烟气脱硝过程要保证有1000Pa左右的压差,增压风机6的选择可以根据现场实施条件的变化与实际生产的要求进行灵活布置,可以采用轴流式风机或离心式风机。The flue gas purified and dedusted by the
经过增压风机6增压后的烟气进入烟气再加热装置7进行加热,烟气再加热装置7内设置有煤气点火喷嘴,利用现有的燃料系统进行点燃加热,并利用烧结的热风辅助燃烧,使烟气温度达到烟气进行脱硝反应所要求的温度280℃300℃。The flue gas pressurized by the
经过烟气再加热装置7加热到所需的温度后进入SCR反应器8与吸收剂进行脱硝反应,SCR反应器8所使用的吸收剂来自于设置在SCR反应器8上的还原剂制备装置9,SCR反应器8上还设置有催化剂再生装置10,用于SCR反应器8中吸收剂的再生使用。SCR反应器8采用固定床式接触反应形式,催化剂布置于固定床层,吸收剂从烟气再加热装置7与SCR反应器8间的烟道中喷射注入,形成吸收剂与烟气的充分混合,并在SCR反应器8中进行反应,脱硝的效率可以达到60%-70%。After being heated to the required temperature by the flue
最后,经过脱硝后的烟气的温度保持在120℃左右,从烟囱10排出,符合烟囱外排的安全温度。Finally, the temperature of the flue gas after denitrification is maintained at about 120° C., and it is discharged from the
本实用新型实施例提供的一种烧结烟气脱硫脱硝组合系统,集成了目前已经得到成功应用的烟气脱硫和烟气脱硝技术,将两种已经成熟的工艺路线进行串联,其中将风机布置于两种工艺中间,能够使系统安全稳定运行,两种工艺需要的反应条件有差别,通过烟气温度的控制达到两种工艺的反应温度要求,通过最大限度的控制反应温度达到节能的效果。A combination system for sintering flue gas desulfurization and denitrification provided by the embodiment of the utility model integrates flue gas desulfurization and flue gas denitrification technologies that have been successfully applied at present, and connects two mature process routes in series, wherein the fans are arranged in Between the two processes, the system can be operated safely and stably. The reaction conditions required by the two processes are different. The reaction temperature requirements of the two processes can be achieved through the control of the flue gas temperature, and the energy saving effect can be achieved by controlling the reaction temperature to the maximum.
本实用新型实施例提供的一种烧结烟气脱硫脱硝组合系统,利用现有成熟的烟气治理技术,结合已有的燃料系统,实现烟气脱硫和脱硝的反应条件。对于烟气脱硫反应装置,采用吸收剂可以高效循环利用的梯级吸收剂利用装置,对于脱硝反应装置采用低温催化还原反应原理,完成脱硫脱硝反应的同时利用了原有的生产介质,就地取材能够有效灵活的布置工艺,特别适合老厂区的改造。The embodiment of the utility model provides a sintering flue gas desulfurization and denitrification combined system, which utilizes the existing mature flue gas treatment technology and combines the existing fuel system to realize the reaction conditions of flue gas desulfurization and denitrification. For the flue gas desulfurization reaction device, a cascaded absorbent utilization device that can efficiently recycle the absorbent is used. For the denitrification reaction device, the low-temperature catalytic reduction reaction principle is used to complete the desulfurization and denitrification reaction while using the original production medium. Local materials can be used The effective and flexible layout process is especially suitable for the renovation of old factory areas.
最后所应说明的是,以上具体实施方式仅用以说明本实用新型的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照实例对本实用新型进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本实用新型的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本实用新型技术方案的精神和范围,其均应涵盖在本实用新型的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it should be noted that the above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model without limitation. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to examples, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the utility model can be Modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the utility model shall be covered by the claims of the utility model.
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CN103785290A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-05-14 | 中钢集团天澄环保科技股份有限公司 | Sintering and pelletizing flue gas desulfurization and denitrification coordinating management system and process |
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CN103785290A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-05-14 | 中钢集团天澄环保科技股份有限公司 | Sintering and pelletizing flue gas desulfurization and denitrification coordinating management system and process |
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CN104524963A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-04-22 | 林鼎华 | Sintering flue gas desulfurization and denitration combined system |
CN106524771A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2017-03-22 | 钢研晟华工程技术有限公司 | Technical method for denitration of sintering flue gas |
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TWI665007B (en) * | 2018-04-30 | 2019-07-11 | 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 | Exhaust gas treating system |
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