CN202914179U - Cylinder outer combustor diesel engine capable of performing two steps of high pressure gas working and normal pressure gas working - Google Patents
Cylinder outer combustor diesel engine capable of performing two steps of high pressure gas working and normal pressure gas working Download PDFInfo
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- CN202914179U CN202914179U CN2012202164182U CN201220216418U CN202914179U CN 202914179 U CN202914179 U CN 202914179U CN 2012202164182 U CN2012202164182 U CN 2012202164182U CN 201220216418 U CN201220216418 U CN 201220216418U CN 202914179 U CN202914179 U CN 202914179U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the field of diesel engine manufacture, research and development, relates to a low-vibration efficient diesel engine and particularly relates to a cylinder outer combustor diesel engine capable of performing two steps of high pressure gas working and normal pressure gas working The diesel engine is a four-stroke engine, the diesel engine uses each component of a whole diesel engine with a load-bearing degree which is equivalent to that of a pressurized gasoline engine, a piston and a cylinder cover in the components are remade, a valve plug is manufactured on the upper plane of the piston, and a plug hole, a secondary air valve, an outer combustor, a secondary cylinder, a secondary piston, a plunger and a hydraulic power conversion system are manufactured on the cylinder cover; when a piston in a compression stroke cylinder compresses sucked air into the cylinder outer combustor through the plug hole and the secondary air valve, the plug hole and the secondary air valve are closed, the combustor jets oil to burst out to enable a secondary piston in the secondary cylinder communicated with the combustor to push the plunger to generate hydraulic energy to do work, and accordingly, the first step of working is finished; and when the piston performs 6% of a downward stroke from a top dead center, the valve plug on the piston leaves the plug hole, gases in the combustor and the secondary cylinder rush into the cylinder from the plug hole to push the piston and a crankshaft to do work to move to a lower dead center, and accordingly, the second step of working is finished.
Description
Technical field: diesel engine manufacturing research and development field.
Background technique:
Diesel engine does not change on the formal structure of work done over more than 100 year from coming out just to be made more refiningly now, has not seen and the similar information of the technical program through the home and abroad patent retrieval.
Summary of the invention:
Now diesel engine is that the upper technology of a kind of conventional equipment research and development design is ripe but several important indicators are in the opposition under existing four-cycle diesel structural pattern, for example at the same manufacturing processing technic of same metallic material, large (26: 1) the more fuel-efficient exhausting air of compression ratio also more cleaning but overhaul phase shorter, compression ratio less (15.5: 1) the overhaul phase length can reach 10,000 hours (gauge loads) but oil consumption is larger than the former, direct injection diesel engine is in order to do piston to such an extent that the lighter mechanical force damage that can reduce also can have higher rotation speed, have a mind to lengthen between fuel injection period (oil spout all be 10 ° of budc have been sprayed the time more late than vortex diesel engine) have in other words a bit of high pressure energy to fail to use.
The technical program 1, to utilize high-pressure energy 2 that high compression ratio produces, will comprise that bent axle, piston manufacture the light one-tenth degree that is equivalent to turbosupercharging gas and oil machine and high power character and the higher rotation speed of making every effort to supercharging gas and oil machine to each parts of present ordinary diesel oil machine heaviness.
At first high-pressure gas and conventional compression ignite gas need separate work done, add exterior combustion chamber (10) and add middle sub-piston (17) top force (19) manufacturing of combustion gas promotion auxiliary steam cylinder (16) the hydraulic energy work done that auxiliary steam cylinder (16) allows just oil spout of firing chamber (10) break out, without the reciprocating action of bent axle straight line, it is not afraid of the pressure height, it is expansion working, without discharging, the combustion gas equivalent exists after the work done, the gaseous-pressure step-down, when suitable bent axle, allow again its combustion gas suction casig work done during the pressure of piston work done, this needs special valve or valve, to add valve plug (14) (bent axle circles and opens and closes once) and secondary valve (11) (bent axle turn opened and closed once in two weeks) combined effect on thinking with piston best through testing for many years me, and valve plug (14) has 0.1-0.15 millimeter gap to have a small amount of leakage combustion gas with consent (15) but can adapt to the Push And Release of high-pressure gas, also must there be the auxiliary of secondary valve (11) at the compression stroke end, valve plug (14) is invalid at this node.
The technical program is with all each parts of ordinary diesel oil machine that is equivalent to the heavy degree of supercharging gasoline engine support and to the piston in its parts, cylinder head does to add recasting, be equipped with valve plug (14) on the piston on the plane, the air-breathing door (8) that former machine is arranged on the cylinder head, drive unit valve timing of exhaust valve (7) and former machine, and removed cylinder combustion and burnt the chamber, cylinder exterior combustion chamber (10) and auxiliary steam cylinder assembly have been added, auxiliary steam cylinder (16) communicates with firing chamber (10), also having added secondary this camshaft of drive cam shaft valve timing (13) of the secondary gas gate passageway of the secondary valve of consent (15) (11) (31) and bent axle on the cylinder head is timing in 1: 2 relation, bent axle turns two these camshafts of week (13) and circles.Each parts of former machine and by the structure that adds its each primary clustering of the machine of forming of each parts of recasting, function and main orchestration program technic data are: the upper plane of piston (2) is shaped with cylindrical valve plug (14), cylinder is stamped exhaust valve (7), air-breathing door (8) and drive unit, there is consent (15) cylinder head bottom plane (4), valve plug (14) enters consent (15) when piston (2) rises to the position of budc more than 28 °, consent (15) communicates with firing chamber (10) on the cylinder head, high pressure nozzle (9) is arranged on the firing chamber (10), the plane, valve top of secondary valve (11) is in firing chamber (10), secondary valve seat (12) is (10) wall in the firing chamber, gas-entered passageway (31) one sides of the secondary valve opposite side that communicates with cylinder (1) communicates with secondary valve seat (12), secondary drive cam shaft valve timing (13) that drives secondary valve (11) and the speed ratio of bent axle 1: 2, auxiliary steam cylinder cylinder body (32) is to be fixed on the interior auxiliary steam cylinder (16) of upper its firing chamber (10), firing chamber (10) and auxiliary steam cylinder cylinder body (32) with screw to communicate, i.e. consent (15), secondary valve is sat (12) between cylinder (1) and firing chamber (10); Consent (15) on valve plug (14) on the piston (2) and the cylinder head and secondary valve (11) with the function of secondary drive cam shaft valve timing (13) are: it is opened consent (15) and secondary valve (11) formation cylinder (a 1) cylinder (1) Air that communicates with firing chamber (10) in the compression stroke period and is compressed in the firing chamber (10), it is closed consent (15) and secondary porthole (11) in the first step work done period and forms the stuffiness of being separated by of firing chamber (10) and cylinder (1), allow auxiliary steam cylinder (16) work done, it is opened consent (15) in the second step work done period and forms cylinder (1) and communicate with firing chamber (10), allow the middle combustion gas of auxiliary steam cylinder (16) and firing chamber (10) middle combustion gas rush in pushing piston (2) work done in the cylinder (1) by consent (15); The structure of auxiliary steam cylinder assembly: have in the auxiliary steam cylinder cylinder body (32) sub-piston rod seal cover (38) is installed in auxiliary steam cylinder (16) and the cylinder body, plunger bushing (18), plunger bushing end cap (39), there is plunger return to block on the sub-piston rod seal cover (38) and stops oil duct (37), there is apiezon oil to arrange oil-filled road (36) in the plunger bushing (18), Hydraulic Main oil duct (33), plunger deceleration oil duct (34), there is plunger to block on the plunger bushing end cap (39) and stops oil duct (35), sub-piston (17) is installed in the auxiliary steam cylinder (16), the bar of sub-piston (17) passes sub-piston rod seal cover (38) and is connecting the plunger (19) of installing in the plunger bushing (18), the function of auxiliary steam cylinder assembly is: its in the first step work done period during first step work done starting point firing chamber (10) mesohigh nozzle (9) oil spout outburst high-pressure gas promote the manufacturing of the plunger (19) in sub-piston (17) the fore-set plug sleeve (18) hydraulic energy work done in auxiliary steam cylinder (16), its sub-piston (17) with its combustion gas, plunger (19) also has the function of stopping and resetting to steric retardation; The orchestration program technic data of compression stroke and power stroke: its compression stroke is from piston (2) in after bottom dead center in the of 25 °, this node consent (15), secondary valve (11) has been the air-breathing door (8) of opening, exhaust valve (7) cuts out, piston (2) rises air by consent (15), secondary valve (11) is pressed toward firing chamber (10), valve plug (14) entered consent (15) consent (15) is clogged when piston (2) continued to rise to 28 ° of budc, secondary valve (11) or the air of opening can continue to press toward firing chamber (10) through this, secondary valve (11) was closed this node compression stroke fully and is finished when piston (2) continued to rise to 8 ° of budc, its power stroke: the first step work done period is from 8 ° of budc to 28 ° of atdc, firing chamber (10) mesohigh nozzle (9) injection time is 8 ° of budc, piston (2) valve plug (14) on the piston (2) when 8 ° of budc rise to top dead center and go further downwards to 28 ° of atdc leaves take fire combustion gas the chamber (10) and the combustion gas in the auxiliary steam cylinder (16) of this node of consent (15) and pours by consent (15) that the descending second step work done of pushing piston (2) begins in the cylinder (1), piston (2) continues to come downwards to namely before bottom dead center 30 ° of 150 ° of atdc, exhaust valve (7) is opened, the second step work done finishes, and can adjust each node of orchestration program technic data according to type size rated speed height and node criticality, but should be in franchise, the first step work done period is to be that 6 °-11 ° of budc are to 25 °-35 ° of atdc from 8 ° of budc to 28 ° of its franchises of atdc, high pressure nozzle (9) injection time is with first step work done starting point.
Concrete running situation please be seen each stroke running plot detail and accompanying drawing and the mark in " embodiment ".
Only the power capacity first step work done gained energy identical, the machine of the power capacity of second step work done and ordinary diesel oil machine is also larger when the isodose oil consumption for the machine and ordinary diesel oil machine.
Two step work done diesel engines of four cylinders, 81 millimeters of cylinder diameters, 86 millimeters of strokes, first step work done allowance for expansion 7% only the first step as function obtain 21 horsepowers power (this paper back segment has detailed data) this be the usefulness of the technical program.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1. add recasting part-structure schematic representation,
Fig. 2. the elevational schematic view of cylinder head bottom surface,
Fig. 3. the plan view on the upper plane of piston (2) and valve plug (14),
Fig. 4. add recasting part and first step work done structural representation,
Fig. 5. auxiliary steam cylinder assembly structure schematic representation,
Fig. 6. hydraulic bjuffer (23) structural representation,
Fig. 7. main hydraulic transformer (25) structural representation, (secondary hydraulic transformer (26) structure is identical therewith)
Fig. 8 .9. hydraulic transformer selector valve schematic representation,
Figure 10. the structural representation of constant hydraulic control valve (88) (89),
Figure 11. casing wall valve arrangement schematic representation,
Figure 12. the schematic representation of piston in the casing wall valve arrangement (102). Figure 13. the schematic top plan view of piston in the casing wall valve arrangement (102).
Reference character:
Cylinder, 2. piston, 3. the cylinder block plane, 4. the cylinder head bottom plane,
Air outlet flue, 6. intake duct, 7. exhaust valve, 8. air-breathing door,
High pressure nozzle, 10. firing chamber, 11. secondary valves, 12. secondary valve seats,
13. secondary valve timing camshaft, 14. valve plugs, 15. consents,
16. auxiliary steam cylinder, 17. sub-pistons, 18. plunger bushings,
19. plunger, 20. high pressure outlet valves, 21. low pressure oiling valves,
22. go to buffer oil pipe, 23. hydraulic bjuffers,
24. go to two transformers high-pressure oil pipe, 25. main hydraulic transformers,
26. secondary hydraulic transformer, 27. fuel tanks go to two transformers fuel supply line,
28. secondary hydraulic transformer go to plunger low pressure oiling valve low pressure oil way, 29. fuel tanks,
30. supply with oil circuit, the 31. secondary valves of oil hydraulic motor gas-entered passageway,
32. auxiliary steam cylinder cylinder body, 33. Hydraulic Main oil ducts, 34. plunger deceleration oil ducts,
35. plunger block stop oil duct, 36. apiezon oils arrange oil-filled road, 37. plunger returns block stop oil duct,
38. sub-piston rod seal cover, 39. plunger bushing end caps, 40. auxiliary steam cylinder cylinder end caps,
41. auxiliary steam cylinder is got a breathing space, 42. hydraulic fluid flow rate control valves,
50. hydraulic bjuffer oil cylinder, 51. sealing cups, 52. hydraulic pistons,
53. hydraulic piston axostylus axostyle, 54. hydraulic piston nuts, 55. cylinder ends lids,
56. spring, 57. Hydraulic Main oil ducts, the passive oil cylinder of 58. hydraulic transformers,
59. passive oil cylinder hydraulic piston, 60. sealing cups, 61. plunger bushing framies,
62. actuating cylinder hydraulic plunger, 63. actuating cylinder hydraulic column plug sleeves,
64. hydraulic circuit selector valve pull rod shaft, the fuel-displaced pipeline of 65. low pressure oil,
66. fuel tank come pipeline filler opening, 67.A side actuating cylinder oil-way pipe,
68.B side actuating cylinder oil-way pipe, the 69. high-pressure main oil path pipes from hydraulic bjuffer,
70. drain mast. should connect the fuel tank pipeline,
71.B side selector valve oil-way pipe. should connect B side actuating cylinder oil-way pipe,
72.A selector valve oil-way pipe. should connect A side actuating cylinder oil-way pipe,
73.76. the reciprocal punching of selector valve pull rod shaft bump point, the movable coupling piece of 74. selector valves,
75. in spring arranged elastic moving telescopic device, 77. selector valves fixedly coupling piece,
78. hide on cylinder head sealing rim of the mouth, 79. piston areas concave of air-breathing door,
80. hide on the piston area concave, the 81.82. of exhaust valve rush touching column,
83. constant hydraulic control valve filler opening, 84. oil outlets,
85. valve plate, 86. springs,
87. the piston of leather cup, 88. constant hydraulic control valves,
89. constant hydraulic control valve, 90. superpressure drainings deoil the pipe of case,
91. when starting to the little high-pressure service pump of hydraulic bjuffer (23) punching press,
92. give to start pressurising pump (91) fuel feeding pipeline, 93. casing wall valve ports,
94. the casing wall valve port lead to passage, the 95. constant hydraulic control valves of firing chamber oil cylinder,
96. the skirt section of piston (102), 97. all-aluminium piston tops,
98. the upper top skirt of piston (102), the 99. piston ring groove ridge,
101. the piston in the cylinder in the casing wall valve arrangement, the 102. casing wall valve arrangements.
Embodiment:
Alleged " this paper " refers to that the All Files of this submission comprises claims.
Alleged " the machine " refers to the diesel engine of the technical program herein.
Alleged " crankshaft angles " refers to the crankshaft angles of point take pars convoluta pitman shaft center as angle points take the crank spindle center as the heart herein, " top dead center, lower dead center " refers to top dead center, the lower dead center of piston (2), how many degree " ° " refer to crankshaft angles, for example " 8 ° of budc " refer to crankshaft angles before the piston top dead center of rotation direction 8 °, " this node " refer to crankshaft angles this time, " period " refers to certain some section during another point that runs to crankshaft angles from crankshaft angles.
Alleged " orchestration " refers to the related operation program of configuration arrangement each functional part of full machine herein.
Alleged " orchestration program technic data " refer to that the configuration of this type arranges the designation number of the related operation program of each functional part of full machine and each node day part herein.
Fig. 1. shown in drive cam shaft (13) and the bent axle of secondary valve (11) be that 1: 2 timing relation, bent axle turn two all drive cam shaft (13) and circles.
The technical program is applicable to single cylinder or multi-cylinder diesel engine, only speaks of a cylinder wherein in this paper narration, and other each cylinder is identical therewith.
Below I narrate me to the specific implementation method of the machine with real data:
The machine should weigh the four-cycle diesel complete machine of degree as the foundation machine of the machine to be equivalent to the support of supercharging gas and oil machine, my actual usefulness be an Automotive Gasoline Engines, the oil-fired system ignition system of former machine is removed, use chain. timing sprocket is carried additionally high-pressure injection pump and the nozzle of vortex diesel engine, the counterweight that increases the counter weight wheel replaces diesel engine as the foundation machine of the machine with this, (no matter be to make foundation machine with diesel engine or with petrol engine, valve camshaft all needs to adjust angle with the required trace of orchestration node), 81 millimeters of this foundation machine cylinder diameters, 86 millimeters of strokes, the machine is with all parts of this foundation machine, each parts that this foundation machine cylinder head is following, cylinder body, bent axle, connecting rod, do not do to change and be used for the machine as main body, and to the piston in its parts, cylinder head does to add recasting, structure please see Figure 1 after the recasting, 2,3,4,5, it is that to be equipped with cylindrical valve plug (14) on the upper plane of piston (2) be one with piston (2) that piston has adding recasting, be that the upper plane of piston (2) is shaped with cylindrical valve plug (14), cylinder is stamped and adds recasting is that air-breathing door (8) exhaust valve (7) of former machine and drive unit valve timing of former machine are arranged on the cylinder head, what add is that cylinder head bottom plane (4) has consent (15), valve plug (14) enters consent (15) when piston (2) rises to the position of budc more than 28 °, cylinder head adds also has secondary valve (11), secondary valve seat (12), secondary camshaft valve timing (13), secondary gas gate passageway (31), firing chamber (10), oil nozzle (9), its consent (15) communicates with firing chamber (10) on the cylinder head, high pressure nozzle (9) is arranged on the firing chamber (10), the plane, valve top of secondary valve (11) is in firing chamber (10), secondary valve seat (12) is (10) wall in the firing chamber, gas-entered passageway (31) one sides of the secondary valve opposite side that communicates with cylinder (1) communicates with secondary valve seat (12), secondary drive cam shaft valve timing (13) that drives secondary valve (11) and the speed ratio of bent axle 1: 2, auxiliary steam cylinder cylinder body (32) in the auxiliary steam cylinder assembly is to be fixed on the interior auxiliary steam cylinder (16) of upper its firing chamber (10), firing chamber (10) and auxiliary steam cylinder cylinder body (32) with screw to communicate, the cylinder of former machine (1), firing chamber between piston (2) and the cylinder head is removed, be consent (15), secondary valve seat (12) between cylinder (1) and firing chamber (10), the plunger in the auxiliary steam cylinder assembly (19), plunger bushing (18) is that couple is the part in this machine hydraulic system.
" auxiliary steam cylinder utilizes pressure " refers to that the combustion gas of firing chamber (10) promotes sub-piston (17) top force (19) work done will utilize in the auxiliary steam cylinder (16) pressure, relevant with the specified hydraulic pressure of the machine, for example: " the machine auxiliary steam cylinder utilizes pressure " 65 kilograms/cm
2, sub-piston (17) sectional area equals 4 times of plunger (19) sectional area, and the specified hydraulic pressure of the machine should be located at 65 * 4=260 kilogram/cm
2, hydraulic bjuffer (23) greater than rated pressure the time, hold into, otherwise namely fill, to making hydraulic pressure constant, more than 90 kilograms of meetings of gaseous-pressure will be greater than utilizing 65 kilograms/cm of pressure during firing chamber (10) oil spout outburst
2The power energy consumption on the speed and inertia of sub-piston (17) and plunger (19) work done, when work done latter stage, the power of its speed and inertia can major part can be converted into the power energy of work done.(through work done expansion working later stage gaseous-pressure less than 65 kilograms/cm
2).
Valve plug (14) be fine copper make cylindrical, casting is in the upper plane of all-aluminium piston (2), and then the gap of machine addition finished product and consent (15) is 0.1 to 0.15 millimeter, consent (15) also is that fine copper is made, the effect of valve plug (14) is that valve plug (14) begins to enter consent (15) it is clogged partition gas when piston (2) rises to 28 ° of budc, valve plug (14) leaves consent (15) consent and begins ventilation when piston (2) goes downwards to 28 ° of atdc from top dead center, valve plug (14), consent (15) bent axle circles to open and close once to turn with secondary valve (11) bent axle and opens and closes once difference two weeks and need combined effect, valve plug (14) and consent (15) have 0.1-0.15 millimeter gap to have a small amount of leakage combustion gas but can adapt to the Push And Release of high-pressure gas, also must there be the auxiliary of secondary valve (11) at (this node leaks combustion gas does not on a small quantity have harm) compression stroke end 8 ° of budc, valve plug (14) is invalid at this node, valve plug (14), consent (15) is different also with opening consent (15) in the compression stroke period with secondary valve (11), secondary valve (11) forms cylinder (1) and communicates with firing chamber (10), cylinder (1) Air is compressed in the firing chamber (10), close consent (15) in the first step work done period, secondary valve (11) forms the stuffiness of being separated by of cylinder (1) and firing chamber (10), allow auxiliary steam cylinder (16) work done, open consent (15) in the second step work done period and form firing chamber (10) and communicate with cylinder (1) and allow in the auxiliary steam cylinder (16) combustion gas and firing chamber (10) middle combustion gas rush in middle pushing piston (2) work done of cylinder (1) by consent (15).
Below I with the situation of real data narration the machine running situation and auxiliary steam cylinder (16) plunger (19) work done and hydraulic system:
Example. technical data:
81 millimeters of cylinder (1) diameters, 86 millimeters of strokes,
Firing chamber (10) compression ratio 28: 1
First step auxiliary steam cylinder (16) work done volume equal cylinder volume 7%,
13 millimeters of valve plug (14) diameters,
Valve plug (14), consent (15) closed node: piston (2) rises to 28 ° of budc,
Valve plug (14), consent (15) are opened node: piston (2) comes downwards to 28 ° of atdc,
First step work doing pistons (2) stroke, 5.1 millimeters, volume equal 6% of cylinder volume,
40 millimeters of auxiliary steam cylinder (16) diameters, 20 millimeters of plunger diameter,
24.6 millimeters of strokes of auxiliary steam cylinder (16) work done when severe (specified negative), 32 millimeters of ranges, auxiliary steam cylinder (16) utilizes 65 kilograms/cm of pressure
2,
260 kilograms/cm of the specified hydraulic pressure of work done
2,
Secondary hydraulic transformer (23) transformation ratio resets with 8 kilograms/cm of hydraulic pressure at 32: 1 oiling valve (21) plunger (19)
2,
3000 rev/mins of rated speeds, 4500 rev/mins of maximum (top) speeds.
Role is wanted in first step work done more than 90 kilogram/cm when being high-pressure gas gauge load when oil spout is broken out
2, load when little 80 kilograms/cm2 its combustion gas is become 60 kilograms/cm of conventional pressure after work done is expanded
2Below, can suit to be equivalent to the pressure of the similar piston of supercharging gasoline engine (2) bent axle work done.
The work done form of auxiliary steam cylinder assembly is that gaseous-pressure is greater than utilizing 65 kilograms/cm of pressure
2The power energy consumption when work done, strengthen on the speed and inertia of sub-piston (17) top force (19) straight line motion work done, it is not enough that the power that the energy major part of its speed and inertia can be converted into work done latter stage when work done can be filled up the gaseous-pressure in work done later stage, and how high this work done form is not afraid of gaseous-pressure has.
Piston (2) rises the air that sucks through consent (15) in compression-stroke cylinder (1), secondary valve (11) compression is gone to firing chamber (10) upper valve plug (14) of piston (2) when piston (2) rises to 28 ° of budc and is begun to enter that at this moment consent (15) clogs secondary valve (11) to consent (15) or the air of opening can be pressed toward firing chamber (10) through this, piston (2) continues to rise to 8 ° of secondary valves of budc (11) and closes fully, compression stroke finishes power stroke and begins.
First step work done: the first step work done period is from 8 ° of budc to 28 ° of atdc, the structure of auxiliary steam cylinder assembly, have in the auxiliary steam cylinder cylinder body (32) sub-piston rod seal cover (38) is housed in auxiliary steam cylinder (16) and the cylinder body, plunger bushing (18), plunger bushing end cap (39), there is plunger return to block on the sub-piston rod seal cover (38) and stops oil duct (37), there is apiezon oil to arrange oil-filled road (36) in the plunger bushing (18), Hydraulic Main oil duct (33), plunger deceleration oil duct (34), there is plunger to block on the plunger bushing end cap (39) and stops oil duct (35), sub-piston (17) is installed in the auxiliary steam cylinder (16), the bar of sub-piston (17) passes sub-piston rod seal cover (38) and is connecting the plunger (19) of installing in the plunger bushing (18), the function of auxiliary steam cylinder assembly is: its in the first step work done period during first step work done starting point firing chamber (10) mesohigh nozzle (9) oil spout outburst high-pressure gas promote the manufacturing of the plunger (19) in sub-piston (17) the fore-set plug sleeve (18) hydraulic energy work done in auxiliary steam cylinder (16) with its combustion gas, its sub-piston (17), plunger (19) also has the function of stopping and resetting to steric retardation, and nozzle (9) the oil spout outburst combustion gas when 8 ° of firing chambers of budc (10) promotes sub-piston (17) top force (19) manufacturing hydraulic energy work done in the auxiliary steam cylinder (16), when gauge load from start position 3/4 the stagnating and to stop of position to terminal, the urgency that the overburdening time lag is stopped and slow flow control valve (42) by plunger deceleration oil duct (34) and plunger block the flow control valve (42) that stops oil duct (35) and adjust (after the artificial levelling fixed live) these two oil ducts high pressure oil after valve (42) adjustment and incorporate in Hydraulic Main oil duct (33) pipeline.
Resetting of sub-piston (17) and plunger (19) is from (8 kilograms/cm of the low pressure oil of low pressure oiling valve (21)
2) when can push away to get the position of moving plunger (19) before being returned to work done to the exhaust stroke period, break through fast the hole of without pressure oil-filled road (36) when its plunger (19) after, the dredge oil amount that plunger return hurdle stops oil duct (37) is subjected to flow control valve (42) adjustment, (manual levelling after fixed live) makes its start position to the work done that stops slowly, low pressure oiling valve (21) does not only flow backwards to plunger (19) fuel feeding, the oil outlet one side of high pressure outlet valve (20) is connected with high hydraulic pressure mutually with hydraulic bjuffer (23), and firing chamber when compression stroke (10) are only less than 30 kilograms/cm
2Pressure deficiency far away utilize pressure 85%, sub-piston (17) plunger (19) is motionless at start position, the work done during oil spout outburst such as only.
The combustion gas of firing chamber during first step work done (10) just oil spout outburst promotes the hydraulic oil of sub-piston (17) top force (19) work done generation in the auxiliary steam cylinder (16) through Hydraulic Main oil duct (33), hydraulic pressure outlet valve (20) is gone to hydraulic bjuffer (23), the structure of hydraulic bjuffer (23) please see Figure 6, hydraulic bjuffer (23) is that a machine multi-cylinder shares one, its function is that to make hydraulic oil for the plunger of the machine be that the supply time of discontinuity revolution makes its flow and pressure stability less than several times characteristic of supply time not, otherwise moment namely holds feed liquor compression buffer (23) greater than specified pressure namely fills usefulness for secondary hydraulic transformer (26), hydraulic piston nut (54) can withstand cylinder ends lid (55) but few hydraulic oil arranged away from will be near pressure and the usefulness of normal operation in hydraulic bjuffer (23) structure when stopping without oil pressure, and the sectional area of hydraulic cushion oil cylinder (50) should be more than 6 times of plunger (19) sectional area.(in the machine of using of large type and automobile can be with " electronic control with the hydraulic bjuffer of air pressure top oil " better structure of its cost few effect of high a little point in without easily damaged parts).
Secondary hydraulic transformer (26) is that a machine multi-cylinder shares one, and structure please see Figure 7,8,9, Fig. 7 is its agent structure schematic representation, Fig. 8, the 9th, and its selector valve schematic representation, its transformation ratio is (8 kilograms/cm of 32: 1, output hydraulic pressure on this diesel engine
2), initiatively hydraulic plunger (62) diameter is 15 millimeters, 50 millimeters of 87 millimeters strokes of passive oil cylinder (58) diameter, secondary reciprocal 1.3 times of per second of hydraulic transformer (when four cylinders share) when per minute 3000 turns on this machine.
Its structure of constant hydraulic control valve (88) please see Figure 10, it is that the oil cylinder (95) that utilizes constant hydraulic control valve, the structure of leather bucket (87) promote valve plate (85) Open valve, hydraulic pressure fall valve plate (85) throttle down when reducing principle when hydraulic pressure raises, its performance adapts to the machine, rises in the machine above rated pressure 20%, 260+52=312 kilogram/cm
2The time automatic valve opening to the effect of fuel tank draining.Mark (89) also is that its structure of constant hydraulic control valve is identical with the former but pressure need be turned down, role is when 85% (221 kilograms/cm that be lower than rated pressure
2) time fall the valve plate closed condition, when pressure at 221 to 260 kilograms/cm
2Between its valve control flow, when rated pressure by this valve hydraulic pressure. flow all can not have resistance.See that from Fig. 1 drawing hydraulic pipe line is externally separated by constant hydraulic control valve (89).Mark (91) is little high pressure oil pump, as long as throwing in the pipeline a small amount of oil into, it namely can make the hydraulic bjuffer (23) in the pipeline, secondary hydraulic transformer (26) have the hydraulic pressure of rated pressure 85% and plunger (19) can wait in the work done front position work done, required condition when this possesses the machine and starts.
Please see this type orchestration program technic data and the running in each node briefly introduce:
Its suction stroke starts from 20 ° of piston (2) atdc, exhaust valve (7) cuts out fully, it has been that the secondary valve (11) of closing is opened that this node consent (15) is opened in air-breathing door (8) beginning gradually, piston (2) goes downwards to 28 ° of valve plugs of atdc (14) and begins to leave consent (15), piston (2) continues descending, going downwards to lower dead center rises to after bottom dead center 25 ° of air-breathing doors (8) again and closes this node suction stroke fully and finish, 185 ° of suction stroke bent axle one corotation;
Its compression stroke is from piston (2) in after bottom dead center in the of 25 °, piston (2) rises air through consent (15), secondary valve (11) is pressed toward firing chamber (10), valve plug (14) entered consent (15) consent (15) is clogged when piston (2) continued to rise to 28 ° of budc, secondary valve (11) or the air of opening can be pressed toward firing chamber (10) through this, secondary valve (11) was closed this node compression stroke fully and is finished when piston (2) continued to rise to 8 ° of budc, 147 ° of compression stroke bent axle one corotation;
Its power stroke, the first step work done period is from 8 ° of budc to 28 ° of atdc, its combustion gas of firing chamber (10) mesohigh nozzle (9) oil spout outburst high-pressure gas promotes in countercylinder (16) sub-piston (17) top force (19) and makes the hydraulic energy work done during 8 ° of budc, valve plug (14) when piston (2) rises to top dead center and goes further downwards to 28 ° of atdc from 8 ° of budc on the piston (2) leaves consent (15), combustion gas in combustion gas in the firing chamber (10) and the auxiliary steam cylinder (16) is poured pushing piston (2) work done in the cylinder (1) by consent (15), this node second step work done begins, piston (2) continues to come downwards to namely before bottom dead center 30 ° of 150 ° of atdc, exhaust valve (7) is opened, the second step work done finishes, and it was divided into for two steps 158 ° of power stroke bent axle corotation, first step work done is that the combustion gas that just oil spout of firing chamber (10) breaks out promotes sub-piston (17) top force (19) manufacturing hydraulic energy work done the auxiliary steam cylinder (16) from 8 ° of budc to 28 ° of atdc, to expand without emission performance, the second step work done is that piston (2) promotes the bent axle work done the cylinder (1) from 28 ° of atdc to 150 ° of atdc;
Its exhaust stroke from before bottom dead center 30 ° begin to open exhaust valve (7), the lower dead center that goes downwards to piston (2) the 130 ° of secondary valves (11) that rise are again opened, piston (2) rises to 28 ° of valve plugs of budc (14) and enters consent (15), piston (2) rises to top dead center and goes further downwards to 20 ° of atdc, exhaust valve (7) cuts out fully, exhaust stroke finishes, air-breathing door (8) beginning is opened gradually, 230 ° of exhaust stroke bent axle corotation;
It is according to the size of type, the criticality of rated speed height and node, the node of capable of regulating orchestration program technic data, but should be in franchise, first step work done, 8 ° of budc to 28 ° of franchises of atdc are that 6 °-11 ° of budc are to 25 °-35 ° of atdc (25 °-35 ° is that its valve plug (14) is opened with consent (15)), high pressure nozzle (9) injection time is with first step work done starting point, the second step work done, 28 ° of atdc are to 150 ° of atdc, franchise is that 25 °-35 ° of atdc are to 145 °-160 ° of atdc, exhaust stroke, 30 ° to 20 ° of atdc before bottom dead center, franchise for before bottom dead center 20 °-35 ° to 15 °-35 ° of atdc, secondary valve (11) is opened in 130 ° after bottom dead center of exhaust strokes, franchise is 0 °-145 ° after bottom dead center, suction stroke, 20 ° to 25 ° after bottom dead center of atdc, franchise is 15 °-35 ° to 15 °-30 ° after bottom dead center of atdc, compression stroke, after bottom dead center 25 ° to 8 ° of franchises of budc for after bottom dead center 15 °-30 ° to 6 °-11 ° of budc (its 6 °-11 ° this refer to the node that secondary valve (11) is closed).
Be 260 kilograms/cm from constant hydraulic control valve (89) outlet end hydraulic oil out
2Pressure and flow have been steadily, as the oil hydraulic motor with the oil pressure coupling namely be convertible into kinetic force as can use with low hydraulic equipment its structure of main hydraulic transformer (25) please see Figure 7,8,9, as will being designed to 56 millimeters of active cylinder plunger (62) 25 millimeters passive oil cylinders of diameter (58) diameters, 70 millimeters of strokes with 50 kilograms of oil pressure units.Concrete data need to be calculated accurately really, and therefore planting the passive oil cylinder of hydraulic transformer is the sealing of leather cup class, and the back and forth restricted property of gait of march requirement also needs to calculate accurately, and this machine of four cylinders, 81 millimeters of cylinder diameters, 86 millimeters of strokes need to know that the merit of matching fluid pressure motor is restrained.
24.6 millimeters of the rated travels of this machine sub-piston (17) promotion plunger (19) work done, 32 millimeters of ranges are to decide according to actual test, it is terminal that the pipe of the plunger deceleration oil duct (34) of (3000 turn or 1500 rev/mins) plunger bushing (18) is less than the passed by outlet of Hydraulic Main oil duct (33) of this proof plunger (19) work done of the pressure of hydraulic flow control valve (42) pressure ratio Hydraulic Main oil duct (33) before high by 20% (control valve (42) outlet communicates with the Hydraulic Main oil duct) when rated load, and the stroke of plunger (19) reaches 24.6 millimeters, and (pressure of Hydraulic Main oil duct 33 is 260 kilograms/cm
2).
20 millimeters of plunger diameter. sectional area is 3.14cm
2* 260 kilograms/cm
2=816.4 kilograms. be the power that it promotes, 3000 rev/mins ,=50 revolutions per seconds.
50 * 2.46cm=1.23 meter per second, be the height that its promotes.
75 kilograms of per seconds promote 1 meter=1 horsepower.
816 kilograms * 1.23 meters=1003 kilograms. 75 kilograms of meter per second ÷. meter per second=13.38 horsepower * oil hydraulic motor effect rule 0.8=10.7 horsepower.
Four cylinders, every cylinder per two turn a work done, 4 * 1/2=2.
10.7 horsepower * 2=21.4 horsepower.
81 millimeters of four cylinder cylinder diameters, 86 millimeters of strokes, the first step obtains 21.4 horsepowers kinetic force as function when main frame 3000 turns rated load.
During the machine running, even 28: 1 cylinders (1) of compression ratio and piston (2) is stressed and little in the compression stroke, pressure when pressure maximum breaks out much smaller than gasoline engine ignition in the cylinder (1), auxiliary steam cylinder stroke, rated load stroke also can equal range 3/5 and can have living space and add dual plunger deceleration oil duct (34), but the design rated travel should be take rated load as benchmark, and range is for suddenly acceleration or overburdening are prepared.Specified hydraulic pressure 260 kilograms/cm why in the example
2Be because the oil-way pipe of the machine from plunger (19) Hydraulic Main oil duct to buffer (23) should be twice above than the sectional area of plunger (19) and as far as possible shortening, could reduce the power energy loss as far as possible.Auxiliary steam cylinder cylinder body (32) should have water cooling in the outside, position of auxiliary steam cylinder (16), processing after auxiliary steam cylinder cylinder body (32) can be cast with spheroidal graphite cast iron, plunger (19) and plunger bushing (18) are couples, should be with special steel and professional processing technology.Valve plug (14) is fine copper cylindrical fine copper blank vehicle twice ditch casting is processed by processing technology in the upper plane of all-aluminium piston (2) again, consent (15) also is that the cylinder head of fine copper is cylinder iron cast, consent (15) blank of an A3 steel in the casting of consent position during casting, cylinder head casting cast rear with argon arc welding toward the upper weldering of the consent (15) of A3 steel fine copper, after welding again machine add.
There is its function with valve plug (14) consent (15) of a kind of casing wall valve arrangement (Figure 11) identical, it has the cylinder (101) in the casing wall valve arrangement, casing wall valve port (93), piston in the casing wall valve arrangement (102), the upper top skirt (98) of piston, the function of its casing wall valve arrangement is: be located at passage between cylinder (101) and firing chamber (10) and rise and close, the effect of opening, replace valve plug (14) and consent (15) structure, its two kinds of structures can only be selected one and are used for the machine, please see Figure 11, this structure on-stream when piston (102) rises to 28 ° of budc the upper top skirt (98) of piston (102) block casing wall valve port (93) and form the air-flow that cuts off cylinder (101) and exterior combustion chamber (10), the upper top skirt (98) of piston spills casing wall valve port (93) and forms cylinder (101) and communicate with firing chamber (10) when piston (102) comes downwards to 28 ° of atdc from top dead center.
Pot type piston can not be used in casing wall valve arrangement (Figure 11), piston (102) needs to make specially, please see Figure 12, Figure 13, the skirt section (96) of piston (102) is identical with upper top skirt (98) diameter of piston. and the diameter of the piston ring groove ridge (99) is less than piston skirt section (96) diameter, the upper top skirt (98) of piston is that position or its manufacture method of fine copper towards the casing wall valve port of spheroidal graphite cast iron is to cast first the ring-like circle of top skirt (98) on the piston with spheroidal graphite cast iron, ring-like circle inboard casts out comes a plurality of claws that stretch out to the centre, this spheroidal graphite cast iron leaves recess for the ring-like circle of claw towards the position of casing wall valve port and bores several holes again, with argon arc welding hole and the recess fine copper of burn-oning, handle with the ring-like circle casting of the cast iron of claw together when the pack alloy piston, after heat treatment be machined into again piston (102).
Claims (2)
1. the conventional compression ignite gas two of cylinder exterior combustion chamber high-pressure gas goes on foot the work done diesel engines, air-breathing, compression, work done, exhaust, four-stroke is a service cycle, bent axle is through connecting rod driven plunger (2) to-and-fro motion in cylinder (1), the bent axle piston (2) that whenever circles is once reciprocal, the drive unit timing camshaft of air-breathing door (8) exhaust valve (7) is the function of this camshaft on the cylinder head, the orchestration of this machine, it is a service cycle that the domination crankshaft of diesel engine turned for two weeks, the spray of one cycle of high-pressure fuel oil system is oil once, utilize combustion gas pushing piston (2) work done of high compression ratio pressurized air oil jetting combustion, it is characterized in that: the upper plane of piston (2) is shaped with cylindrical valve plug (14), cylinder is stamped exhaust valve (7), air-breathing door (8) and drive unit, there is consent (15) cylinder head bottom plane (4), valve plug (14) enters consent (15) when piston (2) rises to the position of budc more than 28 °, consent (15) communicates with firing chamber (10) on the cylinder head, high pressure nozzle (9) is arranged on the firing chamber (10), the plane, valve top of secondary valve (11) is in firing chamber (10), secondary valve seat (12) is (10) wall in the firing chamber, gas-entered passageway (31) one sides of the secondary valve opposite side that communicates with cylinder (1) communicates with secondary valve seat (12), secondary drive cam shaft valve timing (13) that drives secondary valve (11) and the speed ratio of bent axle 1: 2, auxiliary steam cylinder cylinder body (32) is to be fixed on the interior auxiliary steam cylinder (16) of upper its firing chamber (10), firing chamber (10) and auxiliary steam cylinder cylinder body (32) with screw to communicate, i.e. consent (15), secondary valve is sat (12) between cylinder (1) and firing chamber (10); Consent (15) on valve plug (14) on the piston (2) and the cylinder head and secondary valve (11) with the function of secondary drive cam shaft valve timing (13) are: it is opened consent (15) and secondary valve (11) formation cylinder (a 1) cylinder (1) Air that communicates with firing chamber (10) in the compression stroke period and is compressed in the firing chamber (10), it is closed consent (15) and secondary porthole (11) in the first step work done period and forms the stuffiness of being separated by of firing chamber (10) and cylinder (1), allow auxiliary steam cylinder (16) work done, it is opened consent (15) in the second step work done period and forms cylinder (1) and communicate with firing chamber (10), allow the middle combustion gas of auxiliary steam cylinder (16) and firing chamber (10) middle combustion gas rush in pushing piston (2) work done in the cylinder (1) by consent (15); The structure of auxiliary steam cylinder assembly: have in the auxiliary steam cylinder cylinder body (32) sub-piston rod seal cover (38) is installed in auxiliary steam cylinder (16) and the cylinder body, plunger bushing (18), plunger bushing end cap (39), there is plunger return to block on the sub-piston rod seal cover (38) and stops oil duct (37), there is apiezon oil to arrange oil-filled road (36) in the plunger bushing (18), Hydraulic Main oil duct (33), plunger deceleration oil duct (34), there is plunger to block on the plunger bushing end cap (39) and stops oil duct (35), sub-piston (17) is installed in the auxiliary steam cylinder (16), the bar of sub-piston (17) passes sub-piston rod seal cover (38) and is connecting the plunger (19) of installing in the plunger bushing (18), the function of auxiliary steam cylinder assembly is: its in the first step work done period during first step work done starting point firing chamber (10) mesohigh nozzle (9) oil spout outburst high-pressure gas promote the manufacturing of the plunger (19) in sub-piston (17) the fore-set plug sleeve (18) hydraulic energy work done in auxiliary steam cylinder (16), its sub-piston (17) with its combustion gas, plunger (19) also has the function of stopping and resetting to steric retardation; The orchestration program technic data of compression stroke and power stroke: its compression stroke is from piston (2) in after bottom dead center in the of 25 °, this node consent (15), secondary valve (11) has been the air-breathing door (8) of opening, exhaust valve (7) cuts out, piston (2) rises air by consent (15), secondary valve (11) is pressed toward firing chamber (10), valve plug (14) entered consent (15) consent (15) is clogged when piston (2) continued to rise to 28 ° of budc, secondary valve (11) or the air of opening can continue to press toward firing chamber (10) through this, secondary valve (11) was closed this node compression stroke fully and is finished when piston (2) continued to rise to 8 ° of budc, its power stroke: the first step work done period is from 8 ° of budc to 28 ° of atdc, firing chamber (10) mesohigh nozzle (9) injection time is 8 ° of budc, piston (2) valve plug (14) on the piston (2) when 8 ° of budc rise to top dead center and go further downwards to 28 ° of atdc leaves take fire combustion gas the chamber (10) and the combustion gas in the auxiliary steam cylinder (16) of this node of consent (15) and pours by consent (15) that the descending second step work done of pushing piston (2) begins in the cylinder (1), piston (2) continues to come downwards to namely before bottom dead center 30 ° of 150 ° of atdc, exhaust valve (7) is opened, the second step work done finishes, and can adjust each node of orchestration program technic data according to type size rated speed height and node criticality, but should be in franchise, the first step work done period is to be that 6 °-11 ° of budc are to 25 °-35 ° of atdc from 8 ° of budc to 28 ° of its franchises of atdc, high pressure nozzle (9) injection time is with first step work done starting point.
2. according to the conventional compression ignite gas two step work done diesel engines of cylinder exterior combustion chamber high-pressure gas claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: having the piston (102) in cylinder (101) in the casing wall valve arrangement, casing wall valve port (93), the casing wall valve arrangement, the upper top skirt (98) of piston, the function of its casing wall valve arrangement is: the passage that is located between cylinder (101) and firing chamber (10) plays a part to close, open, and replaces valve plug (14) and consent (15) structure.
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| CN2012202164182U CN202914179U (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2012-05-15 | Cylinder outer combustor diesel engine capable of performing two steps of high pressure gas working and normal pressure gas working |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102678324A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2012-09-19 | 陈志明 | Conventional high-pressure gas compression two-step work-doing diesel engine with combustion chamber outside air cylinder |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102678324A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2012-09-19 | 陈志明 | Conventional high-pressure gas compression two-step work-doing diesel engine with combustion chamber outside air cylinder |
| CN102678324B (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2015-06-03 | 陈志明 | Conventional high-pressure gas compression two-step work-doing diesel engine with combustion chamber outside air cylinder |
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