CN202889621U - Interface system for vehicle-mounted electret microphone - Google Patents
Interface system for vehicle-mounted electret microphone Download PDFInfo
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- CN202889621U CN202889621U CN 201220498062 CN201220498062U CN202889621U CN 202889621 U CN202889621 U CN 202889621U CN 201220498062 CN201220498062 CN 201220498062 CN 201220498062 U CN201220498062 U CN 201220498062U CN 202889621 U CN202889621 U CN 202889621U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an interface system for a vehicle-mounted electret microphone, which is connected between a power supply module and an audio processing module. The system comprises a power filter circuit, a pseudo-differential bias circuit, an electret microphone, an electrostatic protection circuit and a signal amplifying circuit, wherein the power filter circuit, the pseudo-differential bias circuit, the electret microphone, the electrostatic protection circuit and the signal amplifying circuit are connected with each other sequentially. According to the operation of the system, noises generated by a power supply are suppressed by means of the power filter circuit firstly, and then the pseudo-differential bias circuit supplies a bias voltage to a field-effect tube in the electret microphone. Therefore, on the premise that the field-effect tube is operated in an amplified state, the signal gain of the field-effect tube is improved as much as possible. After that, the electrostatic protection circuit is adopted to effectively prevent the electrostatic interference generated by circuit elements. Finally, the signal amplifying circuit is adopted to adjust the signal gain so as to enable the output signal gain thereof to satisfy the requirement on the single input of the audio processing module, wherein the audio processing module is connected with the output end of the signal amplifying circuit. According to the utility model, the system is good in anti-noise, anti-interference and anti-static performances, while the signal gain of the system is adjustable at the same time. Therefore, the system meets the requirements of vehicle-mounted equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an on-vehicle applied technical field, in particular to on-vehicle electret microphone interface system.
Background
With the increasing market and demand, microphones, especially electret microphones, have the advantages of small size, simple structure, wide frequency response, high sensitivity, vibration resistance, low price, etc., as devices for picking up sound signals and realizing sound-electricity conversion, and have been widely applied to vehicle-mounted devices. The electret microphone has the following principle: the vibration is caused by the action of sound waves on the vibrating diaphragm, so that the capacitance between two polar plates is changed, the change of the charge quantity is caused, the charge quantity changes along with time to form alternating current, the alternating current flows through the resistor, voltage drop is generated at two ends of the resistor, and an alternating current signal is output through the amplifier. Because the output impedance is very high and can not be directly output, a field effect tube is arranged in the electret microphone for impedance conversion, and the high impedance is changed into low impedance output. The electret microphone uses electret substance which can hold permanent charge, so that the capacitor is not needed to be powered, but the built-in field effect transistor still needs to be powered by direct current low voltage (generally 1V-10V).
In the prior art, the gain of a field effect transistor is limited, the field effect transistor is easily influenced by noise or interference, and meanwhile, the requirement for resisting interference of vehicle-mounted equipment is stricter, so that when the electret microphone is directly used as the vehicle-mounted equipment after being powered, the anti-interference capability is not strong, and noise can be introduced to cause sound to be heard noisy. Meanwhile, the signal gain is limited, and the method is not satisfactory for wide dynamic range applications (such as the sound of the whole vehicle can be picked up).
Therefore, there is a need for an interface system of an on-vehicle electret microphone with adjustable signal gain capability and good noise-proof, anti-interference and antistatic properties.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing an on-vehicle electret microphone interface system has the ability of adjustable signal gain, has good anti-interference and antistatic properties of antinoise simultaneously, more is applicable to the mobile unit.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides an on-vehicle electret microphone interface system connects between power module and audio processing module, include: the power supply filter circuit, the pseudo-differential bias circuit, the electret microphone, the electrostatic protection circuit and the signal amplification circuit are sequentially connected; wherein,
the input end of the power supply filter circuit is connected with the power supply module;
the output end of the signal amplification circuit is connected with the audio processing module.
Preferably, the vehicle-mounted electret microphone interface system further comprises a 0-ohm resistor, wherein one end of the 0-ohm resistor is connected with the input end of the signal amplification circuit, and the other end of the 0-ohm resistor is connected with the output end of the signal amplification circuit.
Preferably, the vehicle-mounted electret microphone interface system further comprises a band-pass filter circuit, wherein the input end of the band-pass filter circuit is connected with the output end of the electrostatic protection circuit, and the output end of the band-pass filter circuit is connected with the input end of the signal amplification circuit.
Preferably, in the vehicle-mounted electret microphone interface system, the power supply filter circuit is a capacitance multiplication filter circuit composed of a resistor, a capacitor and a triode.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides an on-vehicle electret microphone interface system at first through the noise on the power supply filter circuit suppression power, use pseudo-differential biasing circuit to provide bias voltage for the inside field effect transistor of electret microphone again, make its work improve signal gain as far as possible under the prerequisite of enlarged state, recycle the electrostatic protection circuit and effectively prevent the electrostatic interference that the circuit device produced, satisfy the input requirement of the audio processing module that the output is connected with the signal voltage range that realizes output through signal amplification circuit adjustment signal gain at last. The utility model discloses have good anti-noise anti-interference and antistatic ability when realizing adjustable signal gain, solved the problem among the prior art, satisfied the requirement of mobile unit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment 1 of the vehicle-mounted electret microphone interface system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment 2 of the vehicle-mounted electret microphone interface system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 3 of the vehicle-mounted electret microphone interface system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions in the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an on-vehicle electret microphone interface system 2 in embodiment 1, which is connected between a power module 1 and an audio processing module 3, and includes a power filter circuit 21, a pseudo-differential bias circuit 22, an electret microphone 23, an electrostatic protection circuit 24, and a signal amplification circuit 25, which are connected in sequence.
The input end of the power filter circuit 21 is connected to the power module 1, and the output end of the signal amplifier circuit 26 is connected to the audio processing module 3.
The utility model provides an on-vehicle electret microphone interface system 2, through being connected power filter circuit 21 and power module 1, power module 1 is the entire system power supply. Since the power module 1 is generally obtained by a vehicle body power supply through a power conversion circuit, ripple and noise exist, which are difficult to avoid, and the frequency may be in an effective frequency range of the whole system, noise on the power supply needs to be suppressed as much as possible to avoid mixing into a signal path. The power supply filter circuit 21 can effectively suppress noise on the power supply and the lower the cutoff frequency, the better the noise suppression effect.
In addition, a pseudo-differential bias circuit 22 is also connected in series between the power filter circuit 21 and the electret microphone 23, and a proper bias resistor is selected by using the bias circuit, so that the field effect transistor in the electret microphone 23 is ensured to work in a constant current region, no cut-off distortion or saturation distortion occurs to a signal, and the signal gain is improved as much as possible under the premise of the condition that the signal to noise ratio is higher.
Meanwhile, the anti-noise capability of the system is further improved by the pseudo-differential bias circuit 22. Because the pseudo-differential circuit in the pseudo-differential bias circuit 22 is different from a general differential circuit, it provides a dc bias circuit between the drain and the source of the fet, and also serves as a differential output terminal for the ac signal output from the back electrode, so as to achieve the effect of canceling noise, and has much stronger anti-interference capability than a single-ended signal input circuit.
The utility model discloses in the on-vehicle electret microphone interface system, because electret microphone 23 probably introduces or produces electrostatic interference through air, contact or other modes, reduces the injury that static caused to components and parts and causes harmful effects to equipment because of the electromagnetic interference that static produced through connecting electrostatic protection circuit 24 behind it. The static electricity energy can be reduced to a safe range by selecting a proper transient suppression diode in the static electricity protection circuit 24, so that static electricity taken or generated by the electret microphone 23 is prevented from being connected into a rear line to damage a rear-stage component, and meanwhile static electricity taken or generated by the rear stage is prevented from damaging the electret microphone 23. Therefore, the electrostatic protection circuit 24 greatly improves the electrostatic protection capability of the entire system.
In order to make the gain of the system output signal reach the input signal range of the audio processing module 3, a serial signal amplifying circuit 25 is also needed, and the circuit preferably adopts an amplifier with high gain, high noise suppression capability and low output impedance as a core device, and the amplitude of the sound signal of the system is properly increased by adjusting the parameters of the amplifier, so as to better pick up the sound signals at all positions in the vehicle.
The utility model discloses can realize according to the nimble gain of adjusting the sound signal of audio frequency processing module 3's signal input scope, have good anti-interference and antistatic properties of noise immunity simultaneously, be applicable to on-vehicle equipment.
As shown in fig. 2, in embodiment 2 of the present invention, the vehicle-mounted electret microphone interface system 2 is disposed between the power module 1 and the audio processing module 3, and includes the power filter circuit 21, the pseudo-differential bias circuit 22, the electret microphone 23, the electrostatic protection circuit 24, and the signal amplification circuit 25 which are connected in sequence, wherein the two ends of the signal amplification circuit 25 are connected in parallel with one 0 ohm resistor 26, that is, the system reserves a composite circuit formed by the signal amplification circuit 25 and the 0 ohm resistor 26. When an automatic gain circuit does not exist in the audio processing interface circuit 3, or after the sound signal of the electret microphone 23 is processed by a circuit at the front stage of the signal amplification circuit 25, the signal voltage amplitude is not within the input signal range of the audio processing interface circuit 3, the signal amplification circuit 25 is adopted to improve the sound signal amplitude of the system so as to better pick up the sound signals at all positions in the vehicle; when an automatic gain circuit exists in the audio processing interface circuit 3, or after the sound signal of the electret microphone 23 is processed by a circuit at the front stage of the signal amplifying circuit 25, and the signal voltage amplitude is within the input signal range of the audio processing interface circuit 3, the signal amplifying circuit is skipped by using the 0 ohm resistor 26, and the sound signal is directly input to the audio processing module 3.
The utility model discloses in concrete embodiment 2, through the combined circuit that reserved signal amplification circuit 25 and 0 ohmic resistance 26 are constituteed, can realize adopting suitable circuit according to concrete parametric selection under the operating mode of difference, adopt this implementation promptly that the on-vehicle electret microphone interface system 2 that the embodiment is disclosed is more general nimble, the cost is reduced again.
In the above-mentioned the utility model discloses on the basis of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, the utility model discloses embodiment 3 is still disclosed, as shown in fig. 3, on-vehicle electret microphone system 2 is connected between power module 1 and audio processing module 3, including the power filter circuit 21 that connects gradually, pseudo-differential bias circuit 22, electret microphone 23, electrostatic protection circuit 24 and signal amplification circuit 25, this system still includes band-pass filter circuit 27, band-pass filter circuit 27's input is connected with electrostatic protection circuit 24's output, the output is connected with signal amplification circuit 25's input, series connection is between electrostatic protection circuit 24 and signal amplification circuit 25 promptly, be used for on the suppression circuit and crosstalk the noise of coming in.
Specifically, the band pass filter circuit 27 may be a passive band pass filter or an active band pass filter. Since the electret microphone provides a band-pass filter characteristic, the typical passband is 300 Hz-4 kHz, but if the electret microphone is poor in quality, the passband may be 50 Hz-50 KHz. When the characteristics of the microphone cannot meet the application requirements, the passband and the frequency response characteristics can be further controlled by adjusting the parameters of the bandpass filter in the bandpass filter circuit, and the interference of out-of-band noise on a post-stage circuit is greatly reduced.
In order to further optimize the above technical solution, in embodiment 3 of the present invention, the power filter circuit 21 preferably includes a capacitor multiplying filter circuit composed of a resistor, a capacitor, and a triode. If the power filter Circuit 21 only uses a ground capacitor for filtering, the required capacitance value is large, and the cost of the capacitor and the occupied area of a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) are also correspondingly large; if the power filter circuit 21 uses passive RC filtering, the voltage drop across the resistor and power consumption are again often unacceptable. The capacitance multiplication filter circuit equivalently forms a large capacitor and a small resistor by using a small capacitance value capacitor and a large resistance value resistor, thereby reducing the capacitor packaging, reducing the PCB area, reducing the voltage drop of the resistor and avoiding introducing unnecessary ripples on the premise of ensuring that the cut-off frequency is not changed.
It should be further noted that, according to the specific application in the field of vehicle-mounted devices, the audio processing interface circuit 3 connected to the output end of the vehicle-mounted electret microphone interface system 2 may adopt an audio processing circuit inside a GSM/GPRS (global system for mobile communication/general packet radio service) module, and in the GSM/GPRS application, 900MHz and 1800MHz radio frequency signals are easily coupled to a PCB signal line of the system, so that a radio frequency noise filter circuit is additionally disposed between the signal amplification circuit 25 and the audio processing interface circuit to suppress interference of radio frequency to the signals, and the radio frequency noise filter circuit may be a dedicated radio frequency ceramic capacitor, and radio frequency interference in this frequency range can be greatly reduced by adjusting the value of the capacitor. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the rf noise filter circuit only suppresses the 900/1800MHz rf interference caused by GSM/GPRS application, and the present invention is not limited to the manner in which the rf noise filter circuit suppresses the rf interference.
To sum up, the vehicle-mounted electret microphone interface system of the present invention is disposed between a power module and an audio processing module, and comprises a power filter circuit, a pseudo-differential bias circuit, an electret microphone, an electrostatic protection circuit and a signal amplification circuit which are connected in sequence, wherein the power filter circuit is connected with the power module for suppressing power noise and improving the anti-noise capability of the system, the pseudo-differential bias circuit is used for providing bias voltage for a field effect tube inside the electret microphone so as to improve gain as much as possible on the premise of working in an amplification region, the pseudo-differential bias circuit is used for providing an effective way for a back-stage circuit to offset noise, the electrostatic protection circuit effectively prevents electrostatic interference generated by front and back-stage devices of the circuit, and finally the signal amplification circuit is used for improving signal voltage amplitude to meet the requirement of the input signal range of the audio processing interface circuit, thereby make the utility model discloses on-vehicle electret microphone interface system has adjustable gain ability and still has good anti-noise anti-interference antistatic ability simultaneously, makes it more be suitable for to use and makes the mobile unit.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the novel concept. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a vehicle-mounted electret microphone interface system, connects between power module and audio frequency processing module, its characterized in that, this system includes: the power supply filter circuit, the pseudo-differential bias circuit, the electret microphone, the electrostatic protection circuit and the signal amplification circuit are sequentially connected; wherein,
the input end of the power supply filter circuit is connected with the power supply module;
the output end of the signal amplification circuit is connected with the audio processing module.
2. The vehicle electret microphone interface system of claim 1 further comprising a 0 ohm resistor, wherein one end of the 0 ohm resistor is connected to the input of the signal amplification circuit and the other end is connected to the output of the signal amplification circuit.
3. The vehicle electret microphone interface system of claim 1 further comprising a band pass filter circuit having an input connected to an output of the electrostatic protection circuit and an output connected to an input of the signal amplification circuit.
4. The vehicle-mounted electret microphone interface system of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the power filter circuit is a capacitance multiplication filter circuit composed of a resistor, a capacitor and a triode.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220498062 CN202889621U (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2012-09-26 | Interface system for vehicle-mounted electret microphone |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201220498062 CN202889621U (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2012-09-26 | Interface system for vehicle-mounted electret microphone |
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| CN202889621U true CN202889621U (en) | 2013-04-17 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103546604A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-01-29 | 上海理工大学 | Communication system based on anti-gas mask |
| CN104464787A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-25 | 天津天地伟业数码科技有限公司 | Circuit and method for controlling audio acquisition of embedded court trail all-in-one machine |
| WO2016095597A1 (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2016-06-23 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Impedance matching method and apparatus for electret microphone, and communication device |
| WO2017177380A1 (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2017-10-19 | 深圳市鲁粤盛科技有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted microphone module |
| CN108419192A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2018-08-17 | 钰太芯微电子科技（上海）有限公司 | A kind of vehicle-mounted MEMS sound pick-ups of two lines |
| CN108834011A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-16 | 出门问问信息科技有限公司 | A kind of pair of microphone carries out the method and device of electrostatic protection |
-
2012
- 2012-09-26 CN CN 201220498062 patent/CN202889621U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103546604A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-01-29 | 上海理工大学 | Communication system based on anti-gas mask |
| CN104464787A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-25 | 天津天地伟业数码科技有限公司 | Circuit and method for controlling audio acquisition of embedded court trail all-in-one machine |
| WO2016095597A1 (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2016-06-23 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Impedance matching method and apparatus for electret microphone, and communication device |
| US10284949B2 (en) | 2014-12-16 | 2019-05-07 | Zte Corporation | Impedance matching method and apparatus for electret microphone, and communication device |
| WO2017177380A1 (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2017-10-19 | 深圳市鲁粤盛科技有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted microphone module |
| CN108419192A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2018-08-17 | 钰太芯微电子科技（上海）有限公司 | A kind of vehicle-mounted MEMS sound pick-ups of two lines |
| CN108419192B (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2023-07-25 | 钰太芯微电子科技（上海）有限公司 | Two-wire vehicle-mounted MEMS pickup |
| CN108834011A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-16 | 出门问问信息科技有限公司 | A kind of pair of microphone carries out the method and device of electrostatic protection |
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Address after: 4 / F, building 1, No.14 Jiuxianqiao Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020 Patentee after: Beijing Jingwei Hirain Technologies Co.,Inc. Address before: 8 / F, Chuangye building, No. 11, Anxiang Beili, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101 Patentee before: Beijing Jingwei HiRain Technologies Co.,Ltd. |
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Granted publication date: 20130417 |