CN202886569U - On-line automobile storage battery state monitoring device based on FPGA - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an FPGA-based online vehicle battery monitoring device, which includes a battery voltage detection module, a generator test logic module, an FPGA core module, a 24-hour power consumption test module, a storage module, and a comparison module; a battery voltage detection module, a power generation The engine test logic module, 24-hour power consumption test module, storage module, and comparison module are all connected to the FPGA core module; the battery voltage detection module is used to detect the battery voltage; the generator test logic module is used to detect the working status of the car; 24-hour power consumption The test module is used to detect the 24-hour power consumption of the car when the engine is turned off; the storage module is used to store the reference voltage, reference power, reference current, remaining battery power and power consumption within 24 hours; the comparison module is used to compare the detection voltage Compared with the reference voltage, the detected power consumption is compared with the reference power; the FPGA core module is used to control the output of the monitoring device.

Description

FPGA-based online vehicle battery status monitoring device

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of automobile electronics, in particular to an FPGA-based on-line automobile storage battery monitoring device.

Background technique

As we all know, the battery in the car plays a very important role in the use of the car. When the car is started, the battery provides electric energy to the generator to drive the engine to rotate. At the same time, the battery also supplies power to the car instrument, the magnetic field coil of the generator, and the ignition system of the gasoline engine. During the operation of the car, when the generator cannot support the power supply of the car, the battery also provides short-term auxiliary power supply; or when the generator has spare capacity, the battery stores the electric energy of the generator. In addition, the battery also has a filter function, which can absorb the overvoltage when the electrical load changes suddenly, and prevent damage to the electronic equipment on the car.

With the rapid development of the automobile industry in my country, the penetration rate of automobiles in my country is getting higher and higher, and the gradual expansion of the automobile market has also resulted in the rapid development of the field of smart car electronics. In the field of automotive intelligent electronics, the intelligent detection system of automobiles has developed rapidly due to its significance to automobile safety. Among them, the online monitoring technology of automobiles is a research hotspot in the field of intelligent detection of automobiles, which has the advantages of strong practicability, low cost, and high efficiency. , so most of the research results have also entered the application of actual automotive products. When the car breaks down, it can be prompted in the form of an indicator light or a display screen. However, for the common faults of automobiles, including battery failure, generator failure, battery power storage capacity decline, static leakage increase and other faults, there is currently no mature online monitoring system.

Utility model content

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a vehicle battery that can monitor the voltage, power, and leakage of the car, and can make judgments on the performance of the battery and the fault condition of the generator, and can effectively avoid the failure caused by the generator and the generator. Potential safety hazards caused by battery failures, FPGA-based online car battery monitoring devices that reduce risks and potential losses during car use.

The utility model realizes the purpose of the utility model by implementing the following technical solutions: designing an FPGA-based online vehicle battery monitoring device, including a battery voltage detection module, a generator test logic module, an FPGA core module, a 24-hour power consumption test module, and a storage module , comparison module; the battery voltage detection module, the generator test logic module, the 24-hour power consumption test module, the storage module, and the comparison module are all connected to the FPGA core module; wherein, the battery voltage detection module is used for real-time detection The voltage of the two poles of the car battery; the generator test logic module is used to detect the working state of the car starting/stopping; the 24-hour power consumption test module is used to detect the power consumed by the car within 24 hours of the car being turned off; the said The storage module is used to store the reference voltage, the reference electric quantity, the reference current, the remaining electric quantity of the storage battery calculated from the detected voltage, and the power consumption detected by the 24-hour power consumption test module; the comparison module is used to compare the detected voltage with the The reference voltage comparison compares the detected power consumption with the reference power; the FPGA core module is used to control the output of the monitoring device.

When the car is running, the generator supplies power to the electronic equipment on the car and charges the battery. Taking domestic small cars as an example, a 12V battery is usually used. When the car is running, the voltage of the two poles of the battery is greater than or equal to 12.72V; when the car is turned off, the normal voltage is between 10.8V and 12.72V; when the battery voltage When it is lower than 10.8V, if the car is running, it means that the generator is faulty; if the car is turned off, it means that the battery is short of power or there is a fault. The battery voltage detection module detects the voltage of the battery, and then combines the working state of the car measured by the generator test logic module, and compares the detected voltage with the reference voltage in the storage module by means of the comparison module: if the car is in the starting state, the detection If the voltage is greater than or equal to the reference voltage of 12.72V, the generator is normal. On the contrary, if the detection voltage is lower than the reference voltage of 12.72V, the generator is faulty; Normal, otherwise, if the detection voltage is lower than the reference voltage 10.8V, the battery is out of power or faulty. The remaining power of the battery is calculated by the following formula group (I) according to the detection voltage, where y is the percentage of power, and x is the voltage of the battery:

Since the battery voltage detection module detects the voltage of the two poles of the vehicle battery in real time, the remaining power calculated by the formula group (1) is the current remaining power and is stored in the storage module, and the FPGA core module controls the Monitor the output of the device.

At the same time, the 24-hour power consumption test module substitutes the battery voltage X1 at the moment the car is turned off and the voltage X2 after 24 hours into the remaining power calculation formula group (I) to obtain the initial power Y1 and the power Y2 after 24 hours, then 24 hours The power consumption is Y=Y1-Y2, which is stored in the storage module. Of course, in practical applications, X2 is not necessarily the voltage after 24 hours. You can freely set the monitoring time interval according to your needs, and then use the linear relationship between this time and 24 hours to obtain the power consumption for 24 hours. For example, X2 is the battery voltage after the car is turned off for 4 hours. According to the above calculation method, the power consumption in 24 hours is Y=6*(Y1-Y2).

The state of the battery circuit is judged by comparing the above 24-hour power consumption Y with the reference power. If the 24-hour power consumption Y is less than the reference power, the battery circuit is normal. On the contrary, if the 24-hour power consumption Y is greater than the reference If there is an abnormality in the battery circuit, there may be leakage, short circuit, etc. in the circuit, and the battery circuit needs to be tested. The setting of the reference power varies with different vehicle models and different battery types. The setting of the reference power of the utility model is that the power consumption in 24 hours does not exceed half of the power when the battery is fully charged.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the device also includes a leakage detection module, which is connected to the FPGA core module and used to detect the leakage current of the storage battery when the vehicle is turned off. When the vehicle is turned off, the leakage detection module is connected in series with the on-board electronic equipment of the vehicle to detect the static leakage current of the storage battery under the condition of the vehicle being turned off and compare it with the reference current in the storage module. If the detected static leakage current of the battery is greater than the reference current, it means that the battery is aging or abnormal and needs to be maintained or replaced; if the detected static leakage current of the battery is lower than the reference current, the battery is normal. Of course, the allowable leakage current of the battery varies with different vehicle models and battery types, and the reference current also varies with vehicle models and battery types.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the device also includes a nixie tube connected to the output terminal of the FPGA core module for outputting the detection voltage or remaining power of the storage battery or 24-hour power consumption or static leakage current. Through the control of the FPGA core module, the current voltage of the battery or the current remaining power or the power consumption in the previous 24 hours when the engine is turned off or the static leakage current of the car when the engine is turned off are output on the digital tube.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the device also includes an alarm speaker connected to the output of the FPGA core module; when the detected voltage is less than the reference voltage in the storage module or the power consumption within 24 hours is greater When the reference electric quantity in the storage module or the detected leakage current is greater than the reference current, the alarm speaker gives an alarm. When the car is running, if the detection voltage is lower than the reference voltage 12.72V, the generator is faulty, and the alarm speaker will alarm; when the car is turned off, if the detection voltage is lower than the reference voltage 10.8V, the battery is short of power or faulty, and the alarm speaker will alarm; If the power consumption when the car is turned off is too large, when the power consumption in 24 hours exceeds the reference power in the storage module, the battery circuit is abnormal, and the alarm speaker gives an alarm; if the static leakage current when the car is turned off is greater than the reference current in the storage module , indicating that the battery may have problems such as aging or failure, resulting in excessive leakage current, and the alarm speaker will alarm.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the device also includes a timer connected to the FPGA core module; the 24-hour power consumption test module obtains the voltage value of the storage battery at the moment the car is turned off and after the time set by the timer , according to the two voltage values and the relationship between voltage and power, calculate and obtain the power consumed by the battery within 24 hours and store it in the storage module; if the car starts within the set time, cancel the 24-hour power consumption test . Every time the car engine is turned off, the 24-hour power consumption test module will perform a power consumption test on the storage battery for the set time according to the time set by the timer. For the power consumption test, if the set time is exceeded, the test result is valid and stored in the storage module, and the test result can be output under the control of the FPGA core module.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the device also includes a first button, a second button, a third button and a fourth button respectively connected to the FPGA core module; the first button is used to control the working state of the generator Detection; the second button is used to obtain the power consumed by the car in the previous 24 hours in the flameout state; the third button is used to obtain the current voltage or remaining power of the battery; the fourth button is used to obtain the flameout state of the car under the leakage current. When the first button is pressed, the FPGA core module detects the working state of the generator according to the current voltage of the storage battery and the signal of the generator test logic module. When the car is running, if the detection voltage is greater than or equal to the reference voltage 12.72V, the generator is working normally, and the detection voltage is output on the digital tube; otherwise, if the detection voltage is lower than the reference voltage 12.72V, it means that the generator is faulty. Output the detection voltage on the digital tube, and the alarm speaker will alarm. When the second button is pressed, the FPGA core module controls the device to obtain the 24-hour power consumption of the battery in the flame-off state and outputs it on the digital tube, and if the power consumption is greater than the reference power in the storage module, the speaker will be alarmed Alarm, otherwise the alarm speaker will not alarm. When the third button is pressed for the first time, the FPGA core module controls the device to obtain the current voltage of the storage battery and outputs it on the digital tube; power or failure, the alarm speaker will give an alarm; when the third button is pressed again within the predetermined time, the FPGA core module controls the device to obtain the current remaining power of the storage battery and output it on the digital tube; as long as the third button is pressed again within the predetermined time Three buttons can alternately switch between the current voltage and the current remaining power output. When the fourth button is pressed, the FPGA core module controls the device to obtain the leakage current of the storage battery of the car in the flameout state and outputs it on the nixie tube. If the leakage current is greater than the reference current in the storage module, the leakage current is If the current exceeds the allowable leakage current range of the battery, it means that there is an abnormality in the battery circuit, and the alarm speaker will give an alarm.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the FPGA core module is in a low power consumption mode by default when there is no button input; when any button in the first to fourth buttons is pressed, the system automatically switches to the corresponding state; When the system is in the "current voltage" state, press the third button within a predetermined time to switch to the "current remaining power" state.

As a further improvement of the present invention, continuously pressing the third button within the predetermined time can automatically switch between the "current voltage" and the "current remaining power".

As a further improvement of the present utility model, the predetermined time is 5 seconds. Pressing the third button continuously within 5 seconds can automatically switch between the "current voltage" and "current remaining power"; if there is no other button input, the output time of the third button is 5 seconds. Of course, the predetermined time can also be reset as required, for example, set to 3 seconds, 4 seconds, 10 seconds and so on.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the set time is 3-5 hours. Every time the car engine is turned off, the 24-hour power consumption test module will test the power consumption of the battery:

When the car engine is turned off, the 24-hour power consumption test module will test the power consumption of the battery for 3 hours. If the test is less than 3 hours and the car engine is started again, the power consumption test will be taken. If it exceeds 3 hours, then The test results are valid and stored in the storage module, and can be output under the control of the FPGA core module.

Or, when the car engine is turned off, the 24-hour power consumption test module will carry out a 4-hour power consumption test to the storage battery. If the test process is less than 4 hours and the car engine starts again, then take the power consumption test. If it exceeds 4 hours Hours, the test result is valid and stored in the storage module, and the test result can be output under the control of the FPGA core module.

Or, when the automobile engine is turned off, the 24-hour power consumption test module will perform a 5-hour power consumption test on the storage battery. If the test process is less than 5 hours and the car engine is started again, the power consumption test will be taken. If it exceeds 5 hours Hours, the test result is valid and stored in the storage module, and the test result can be output under the control of the FPGA core module. Of course, the set time can also be reset as required, for example, set to 6 hours, 8 hours and so on.

By implementing the above calculation scheme, the FPGA-based online car battery monitoring device provided by the utility model can monitor the voltage, remaining power, leakage current, and power consumption of the car battery on-line, and can monitor the performance of the battery and the state of the generator. It is a brand-new solution in the field of smart car electronics, detection and monitoring; it can effectively avoid potential safety hazards caused by generator and battery failures, and reduce risks and potential losses during car use Possibility, has very good practical application value and popularization value; and the utility model based on the FPGA online battery monitoring device for automobiles has the advantages of easy implementation, low price, high cost performance, simple and easy operation, and small modification to automobiles.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the relationship diagram of storage battery voltage and automobile working state in the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the module structural diagram of the on-line automobile storage battery monitoring device based on FPGA in the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 3 is several working modes of the FPGA core module in the utility model embodiment.

Marks in the figure: 1-battery voltage detection module; 2-generator test logic module; 3-FPGA core module; 4-storage module; 5-comparison module; 6-leakage detection module; 7-digital tube; 8-alarm speaker 9-timer; 10-24 hours power consumption test module; 101-first button; 102-second button; 103-third button, 104-fourth button.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, an FPGA-based online vehicle battery monitoring device includes a battery voltage detection module 1, a generator test logic module 2, an FPGA core module 3, a 24-hour power consumption test module 10, and a storage module 4 , comparison module 5; the battery voltage detection module 1, the generator test logic module 2, the 24-hour power consumption test module 10, the storage module 4, and the comparison module 5 are all connected to the FPGA core module 3; wherein the battery The voltage detection module 1 is used to detect the voltage of the two poles of the automobile battery in real time; the generator test logic module 2 is used to detect the working state of the car starting/stopping; the 24-hour power consumption test module 10 is used to detect the car in the state The power consumed within 24 hours; the storage module 4 is used to store the reference voltage, the reference power, the remaining battery power calculated from the detected voltage and the power consumption detected by the 24-hour power consumption test module 10; the The comparison module 5 is used to compare the detected voltage with the reference voltage, and the detected power consumption with the reference power; the FPGA core module 3 is used to control the output of the monitoring device.

When the car is running, the generator supplies power to the electronic equipment on the car and charges the battery. Taking domestic small cars as an example, a 12V battery is usually used. When the car is running, the voltage of the two poles of the battery is greater than or equal to 12.72V; when the car is turned off, the normal voltage is between 10.8V and 12.72V; when the battery voltage When it is lower than 10.8V, if the car is running, it means that the generator is faulty; if the car is turned off, it means that the battery is short of power or there is a fault. The storage battery voltage detection module 1 compares the detected voltage with the reference voltage in the storage module 4 by means of the comparison module 5 by detecting the voltage of the storage battery in combination with the vehicle working state measured by the generator test logic module 2: if the vehicle is starting If the detection voltage is greater than or equal to the reference voltage of 12.72V, the generator is normal. On the contrary, if the detection voltage is lower than the reference voltage of 12.72V, the generator is faulty; if the car is turned off, the detection voltage is greater than or equal to the reference voltage of 10.8 V, the battery is normal, on the contrary, if the detection voltage is lower than the reference voltage 10.8V, the battery is short of power or faulty. The remaining power of the battery is calculated by the following formula group (I) according to the detection voltage, where y is the percentage of power, and x is the voltage of the battery:

Because the storage battery voltage detection module 1 detects the voltage of the two poles of the automobile storage battery in real time, the remaining power calculated by the formula group (1) is the current remaining power and is stored in the storage module 4. The FPGA core module 3 An output of the monitoring device is controlled.

At the same time, the 24-hour power consumption test module 10 substitutes the battery voltage X1 at the instant the car is turned off and the voltage X2 after 24 hours into the remaining power calculation formula group (I) to obtain the initial power Y1 and the power Y2 after 24 hours, then 24 The hourly power consumption is Y=Y1-Y2, and is stored in the storage module 4 . Of course, in practical applications, X2 is not necessarily the voltage after 24 hours. You can freely set the monitoring time interval according to your needs, and then use the linear relationship between this time and 24 hours to obtain the power consumption for 24 hours. For example, X2 is the battery voltage after the car is turned off for 4 hours. According to the above calculation method, the power consumption in 24 hours is Y=6*(Y1-Y2).

The state of the battery circuit is judged by comparing the above 24-hour power consumption Y with the reference power. If the 24-hour power consumption Y is less than the reference power, the battery circuit is normal. On the contrary, if the 24-hour power consumption Y is greater than the reference If there is an abnormality in the battery circuit, there may be leakage, short circuit, etc. in the circuit, and the battery circuit needs to be tested. The setting of the reference power varies with different vehicle models and different battery types. The setting of the reference power of the utility model is that the power consumption in 24 hours does not exceed half of the power when the battery is fully charged.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the device also includes a leakage detection module 6 , which is connected to the FPGA core module 3 and used to detect the leakage current of the storage battery when the vehicle is turned off. When the car is turned off, the leakage detection module 6 is connected in series with the on-board electronic equipment of the car to detect the static leakage current of the storage battery under the turned off state of the car and compare it with the reference current in the storage module 4 . If the detected static leakage current of the battery is greater than the reference current, it means that the battery is aging or abnormal and needs to be maintained or replaced; if the detected static leakage current of the battery is lower than the reference current, the battery is normal. Of course, the allowable leakage current of the battery varies with different vehicle models and battery types, and the reference current also varies with vehicle models and battery types.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the device also includes a nixie tube 7 connected to the output terminal of the FPGA core module 3 for outputting the detection voltage or remaining power of the storage battery or 24-hour power consumption or static leakage current. Through the control of the FPGA core module 3, the digital tube 7 outputs the current voltage of the storage battery or the current remaining power or the power consumption in the previous 24 hours in the flameout state or the static leakage current of the car in the flameout state.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the device also includes an alarm speaker 8 connected to the output of the FPGA core module 3; when the detection voltage is less than the reference voltage in the storage module 4, or within the 24 hours When the power consumption is greater than the reference power in the storage module 4, or the detected leakage current is greater than the reference current, the alarm speaker 8 will give an alarm. In the starting state of the car, if the detection voltage is lower than the reference voltage 12.72V, then the generator is faulty, and the alarm speaker 8 will give an alarm; Alarm; if the power consumption when the car is turned off is too large, when the power consumption in 24 hours exceeds the reference power in the storage module 4, the battery circuit is abnormal, and the alarm speaker 8 reports to the police; if the static leakage current when the car is turned off is greater than that of the storage module The reference current in 4 indicates that there may be problems such as aging or failure in the storage battery, resulting in excessive leakage current, and the alarm speaker 8 will give an alarm.

As shown in Figure 2, this device also comprises the timer 9 that is connected with described FPGA core module 3; According to the voltage value of the battery after a certain time, according to the two voltage values and the relationship between the voltage and the power, the power consumed by the battery within 24 hours is calculated and stored in the storage module 4 Medium; if the car starts within the set time, the 24-hour power consumption test will be canceled. When the automobile engine is turned off each time, the 24-hour power consumption test module 10 will carry out power consumption test to the storage battery:

When the automobile engine is turned off, the 24-hour power consumption test module 10 will perform a 3-hour power consumption test on the storage battery. If the test process is less than 3 hours and the car engine is started again, the power consumption test will be taken. If it exceeds 3 hours Then the test result is valid and stored in the storage module 4 , and the test result can be output under the control of the FPGA core module 3 .

Or, when the automobile engine is turned off, the 24-hour power consumption test module 10 will carry out a 4-hour power consumption test to the storage battery. If the test process is less than 4 hours and the car engine starts again, then take the power consumption test. After 4 hours, the test result is valid and stored in the storage module 4 , and the test result can be output under the control of the FPGA core module 3 .

Or, when the automobile engine is turned off, the 24-hour power consumption test module 10 will carry out a 5-hour power consumption test to the storage battery. If the test process is less than 5 hours and the car engine is started again, the power consumption test will be taken. After 5 hours, the test result is valid and stored in the storage module 4 , and the test result can be output under the control of the FPGA core module 3 . Of course, the set time can also be reset as required, for example, set to 6 hours, 8 hours and so on.

As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, this device also comprises first key 101, the second key 102, the 3rd key 103 and the 4th key 104 that are connected with described FPGA core module 3 respectively; It is used to detect the working state of the generator; the second button 102 is used to obtain the power consumption of the car in the previous 24 hours in the flame-off state; the third button 103 is used to obtain the current voltage or remaining power of the storage battery; the fourth button The key 104 is used to obtain the leakage current of the vehicle in the state of being turned off.

When the first button 101 is pressed, the FPGA core module 3 detects the working state of the generator according to the current battery voltage and the signal of the generator test logic module 2 . When the car is running, if the detection voltage is greater than or equal to the reference voltage 12.72V, the generator is working normally, and the detection voltage is output on the digital tube 7; otherwise, if the detection voltage is less than the reference voltage 12.72V, it means that the generator is faulty , the detection voltage is output on the nixie tube 7, and the alarm speaker 8 alarms. When the second button 102 is pressed, the FPGA core module 3 controls the device to obtain the power consumption of the storage battery for 24 hours in the flame-off state and outputs it on the nixie tube 7, if the power consumption is greater than the reference value in the storage module 4 Electricity then alarm loudspeaker 8 reports to the police, otherwise alarm speaker 8 does not report to the police. When pressing the third button 103 for the first time, the FPGA core module 3 controls the device to obtain the current voltage of the storage battery and outputs it on the nixie tube 7; if the car is in the flameout state, the detected voltage is lower than the reference voltage 10.8V, Then the storage battery is short of power or fails, and the alarm speaker 8 reports to the police; when the third button 103 is pressed again within the predetermined time, the FPGA core module 3 controls the device to obtain the current remaining power of the storage battery and outputs it on the nixie tube 7; Press the third button 103 again within a predetermined time to alternately switch between the output of the current voltage and the current remaining power. When the fourth button 104 is pressed, the FPGA core module 3 controls the device to obtain the leakage current of the storage battery in the flame-out state of the automobile and outputs it on the nixie tube 7, if the leakage current is greater than the reference current in the storage module 4, That is, if the leakage current exceeds the allowable leakage current range of the battery, it indicates that there is an abnormality in the battery circuit, and the alarm speaker 8 gives an alarm.

The FPGA core module 3 is in a low power consumption mode by default; when any button in the first to fourth buttons is pressed, the system automatically switches to the corresponding state; the system is in the "current voltage" state, and at a predetermined time Press the third button 103 within a predetermined time, such as within 5 seconds, to switch to the state of "current remaining power"; "Remaining power"; if there is no other key input, the output time of the third key 103 is 5 seconds.

In short, the utility model can monitor the voltage, remaining power, leakage current, and power consumption of the car battery on-line, and can make judgments on whether the performance of the battery and the state of the generator are normal, etc., and it is in the field of smart car electronics. A brand-new solution in detection and monitoring; it can effectively avoid potential safety hazards caused by generator and battery failures, reduce risks and potential losses during the use of automobiles, and has very good practical application value and promotion value and the utility model is based on the FPGA online battery monitoring device for automobiles, which has the advantages of easy implementation, low price, high cost performance, simple and easy operation, and small transformation of automobiles.

The above content is a further detailed description of the utility model in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be assumed that the specific implementation of the utility model is only limited to these descriptions. For a person of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the utility model belongs, without departing from the concept of the utility model, some simple deduction or substitutions can also be made, which should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. An FPGA-based on-line automotive battery monitoring device, characterized in that it includes a battery voltage detection module (1), a generator test logic module (2), an FPGA core module (3), and a 24-hour power consumption test module (10 ), storage module (4), comparison module (5); the battery voltage detection module (1), generator test logic module (2), 24-hour power consumption test module (10), storage module (4), comparison The modules (5) are all connected to the FPGA core module (3); wherein, the battery voltage detection module (1) is used to detect the voltage of the two poles of the automobile battery in real time; the generator test logic module (2) is used to detect The working state of the car starting/stopping; the 24-hour power consumption test module (10) is used to detect the power consumed by the car in the 24-hour state; the storage module (4) is used to store the reference voltage, reference power , the reference current, the remaining power of the battery calculated from the detected voltage, and the power consumption detected by the 24-hour power consumption test module (10); the comparison module (5) is used to compare the detected voltage with the reference voltage, The detected power consumption is compared with the reference power; the FPGA core module (3) is used to control the output of the monitoring device. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a leakage detection module (6), the leakage detection module (6) is connected to the FPGA core module (3) and is used to detect the state of the battery when the car is turned off. leakage current. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that it also includes a device connected to the output terminal of the FPGA core module (3) for outputting the battery detection voltage or remaining power or 24-hour power consumption or static leakage current Nixie tube (7). 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that: it also includes an alarm speaker (8) connected to the output terminal of the FPGA core module (3); when the detection voltage is less than the When the reference voltage of the reference voltage, or the power consumption within 24 hours is greater than the reference power in the storage module (4), or the detected leakage current is greater than the reference current, the alarm speaker (8) alarms. 5. The device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: it also includes a timer (9) connected to the FPGA core module (3); the 24-hour power consumption test module ( 10) Obtain the voltage value of the battery at the moment the car is turned off and after the time set by the timer (9), calculate and obtain the power consumed by the battery within 24 hours according to the two voltage values and the relationship between voltage and power, and store it in In the storage module (4); if the car starts within the set time, the 24-hour power consumption test is canceled. 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises a first key (101), a second key (102), a third key (103) and The fourth button (104); the first button (101) is used to detect the working state of the generator; the second button (102) is used to obtain the power consumed by the car in the previous 24 hours when the engine is turned off; The third button (103) is used to obtain the current voltage or remaining power of the storage battery; the fourth button (104) is used to obtain the leakage current when the car is turned off. 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the FPGA core module (3) is in a low power consumption mode by default when there is no key input; when any key among the first to fourth keys is pressed , the system automatically switches to the corresponding state; when the system is in the "current voltage" state, press the third button within a predetermined time to switch to the "current remaining power" state. 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that: continuously pressing the third button (103) within the predetermined time can automatically switch between the "current voltage" and "current remaining power". 9. The device according to claim 7, wherein the predetermined time is 5 seconds. 10. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the set time is 3-5 hours.

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