The utility model content
The utility model proposes a kind of controlled module cutting teeth of specific pressure that creeps into, by the improvement to cutting teeth cloth tooth mode, adopt the modular cutting teeth, realize the controlled and effective wear volume increase of cutting unit of drilling process specific pressure, improve the purpose of rate of penetration and bit performance.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows:
Creep into the controlled module cutting teeth of specific pressure, it is characterized in that: cutting teeth (4) comprise as matrix module (1) and as the modular unit (2) of cutting portion, in upper modular unit (2) quantity that arranges of a drill bit upper module (1) quantity 〉=1, one module (1) 〉=2.
The connected mode of described modular unit and module comprises welding, inlays, bonding, screw thread etc.
The connected mode of described module and bit body comprises welding, inlays, bonding, screw thread, machine folder etc.
Described modular unit cross sectional shape comprises circle, ellipse, track type, dolioform, fan-shaped, triangle, rectangle, square, trapezoidal, rhombus and their annular, and the combination of above-mentioned shape.
Described modular unit shape comprises cylinder, cone, spheroid, waist drum body, hollow body, obform body, and their assembly.
Described modular unit shape is cylinder, and its diameter is 1mm ~ 25mm, highly is 3mm ~ 25mm.
Described modular unit combining form (for example: measure-alike circular cell and the combination of circular cell comprises identical modular unit combination, the combination of obround elements and obround elements), also comprise not identical modular unit combination (for example: the modular unit combination of different size, the combination of circular cell and obround elements).
Described modular unit distribution form can be regular distribution, also can be random distribution.
The combination of described modular unit can have the interval each other, also can be continuously every, i.e. modular unit spacing value 〉=0mm.
Described modular unit can all be included in the module, also can partly be included in the module.
Described modular unit cutting face can exposure in Modular surface, also can be sunken in the Modular surface.
Described modular unit also is the combination of modular unit, i.e. modular unit combination forms the ingredient of module cutting teeth as modular unit.
Described modular unit material comprises carbide alloy, composite polycrystal-diamond (body), TSP, impregnated, natural diamond impregnated of diamond, cubic boron nitride or pottery, and the composite material that comprises carbide alloy, diamond or cubic boron nitride.
Described modular unit is by hot pressing, sintering, spark machined, Laser Processing or machining moulding.
Described module cross sectional shape comprises circle, ellipse, track type, dolioform, fan-shaped, triangle, rectangle, square, rhombus, trapezoidal and their combination.
Described module body shape comprises cylinder, cone, spheroid, waist drum body, hollow body, obform body, and their assembly.
Described modular shape is cylinder, and its diameter 〉=2mm highly is 3mm ~ 25mm.
When the above number of modules 〉=2 of drill bit, the module combinations form comprises that identical module combinations (for example: the combination of round die block and round die block, the combination of oval module and oval module), also comprise not identical module combinations (for example: the module combinations that size is different, the combination of round die block and oval module).
When described number of modules 〉=2, module and module can have the interval on bit body, also can not have the interval, i.e. module combinations spacing value 〉=0mm.
Described module can all be included in the bit body, also can partly be included in the bit body.
Described module can be the wing of bit body, also can be the part of wing.
Described module material comprises steel, carbide alloy, powdered metallurgical material, non-ferrous metal or composite material.
Module is by sintering, compacting, casting, forging and spark machined, Laser Processing, machining moulding.
The applied bite type of the utility model comprises PDC drill bit, diamond bit, impregnated bit, rock bit, rotary-cut drill bit, and by the composite drill bit that PDC drill bit, impregnated bit, rock bit, rotary-cut drill bit consist of, comprise at least the cutting unit that a module and modular unit form.
Sintered body, steel, carbide alloy or metallic composite that described bit body material is tungsten carbide and alloy.
Effective length of cut that modular cutter drill bits drilling process, cutting unit blade contact with rock is controlled at certain limit, guarantees larger specific pressure value, improves the drill bit average rate of penetration.In conjunction with bit body (containing carcass, steel body) parameter, the modular cutter drill bits can increase the effective wear volume in cutting teeth unit, improves the cutting unit effective rate of utilization, prolongs drilling life of bit.Under complicated geological (especially hard formation or abrasive layer) condition, the modular cutting teeth can be realized increasing substantially of drilling well total footage.Research of the present utility model includes, but is not limited to following content:
(1) structure design of modular unit: be connected by the structure design of modular unit and with the module matrix, the modular unit of research and development small-sized forms a cutting teeth unit, changes the cutting unit structure.
(2) material property of modular unit: the unit material performance of high-performance (especially shock resistance, high abrasion), realize the performance of drill bit in deep-well and abrasive layer.
(3) structure design of module: the structure design of module guarantees cutting unit cutting edge length in certain limit, thereby improves rate of penetration and increase bit life.
(4) material property of module: the matrix material of high strength, low abrasion resistance, when the unit wear volume increased, specific pressure can not reduce, thereby improved the average rate of penetration of drill bit.
(5) material property of bit body: the bit body material of high strength, low abrasion resistance, when realizing that the cutting unit wear volume increases, specific pressure can not reduce, thereby improves the average rate of penetration of drill bit.
The utility model characteristics compared with prior art are:
One, optimization cutting unit cutting edge is long: along with drill bit creeps into, the effective length of cut of the cutting unit of prior art increases, and causes than drops, and drill bit creeps into performance to be reduced.The design parameterss such as the shape of modular cutter drill bits by module or modular unit, number, combination are considered the parameters such as the pressure of the drill, performances of rock, and it is long to optimize the cutting unit cutting edge, and the effective length of cut of cutting unit is controlled within the specific limits.
Two, guarantee that cutting unit creeps into specific pressure: along with the amount of creeping into increases, the long certain limit that still is controlled at of modular cutting teeth cutting edge.According to the relation of cutting edge length with specific pressure, the specific pressure that the long control of cutting edge guarantees the drilling process cutting unit is in certain limit, and namely drill bit keeps the specific pressure of cutting unit blade, the maintenance rate of penetration.
Three, improve rate of penetration: according to the relation of cutting edge length, specific pressure, rate of penetration, the increase that cutting edge is long can sharply reduce rock-breaking efficiency and rate of penetration.The modularized design of modular cutter drill bits, by control cutting edge length in certain limit, along with creeping into increase, specific pressure still maintenance and the pressure of the drill, performances of rock corresponding creep into higher value, guaranteed the wedging of cutting unit, the raising of realization drill bit rate of penetration.
Four, improve the effective rate of utilization of cutting unit: the circular compact bit take cutting unit as Φ 16mm bores medium ground as example, the cutting edge of composite sheet was about and was 80% of diameter when drill bit lost efficacy usually, the actual wear volume of diamond layer is less than 20% of diamond cumulative volume, and the effective rate of utilization of cutting unit is lower.The modular cutter drill bits is long by less cutting edge, larger specific pressure, is combined with the bit body material parameter, improves the effective wear volume of cutting unit, improves the effective rate of utilization of cutting unit.Namely along with the increase of effective wear volume of cutting unit, adopt the drill bit of modular cutting teeth still can keep creeping into required specific pressure, guarantee drill bit to the wedging on stratum, thereby improve the effective rate of utilization of cutting unit.
Five, prolong drilling life of bit: bit life is relevant with the effective rate of utilization of cutting unit.The cutting unit cutting edge is long in the conventional design increases, and can sharply reduce rock-breaking efficiency, and when namely cutting edge reached maximum, specific pressure was minimum, and cutting unit wedging amount is minimum, and it is minimum that rate of penetration reaches.With front corresponding, along with the increase of effective wear volume of cutting unit, the modular cutter drill bits still can keep creeping into required specific pressure, guarantees that drill bit to the wedging on stratum, improves the effective rate of utilization of cutting unit, prolongs drilling life of bit.
Six, total footage is crept in increase: total footage is embodied in two aspects: rate of penetration and bit life as the final index of check bit performance.Modular cutter drill bits of the present utility model by modularization cloth tooth, guarantee to creep into specific pressure controlled, improve rate of penetration, effective wear volume, raising cutting unit effective rate of utilization by increasing cutting unit finally increases the modular cutter drill bits and creeps into total footage simultaneously.
The utility model beneficial effect: (1) significantly improves the average rate of penetration of drill bit: according to material properties of rock and the drilling well requirement of drilled strata, preferred to the modular design of module and modular unit shape, specification, quantity and material, effective wearing and tearing sword of control drill bit privileged site cutting unit is long, keep the constant specific pressure in the bit cutting unit drilling process, significantly improve the average rate of penetration of drill bit.(2) prolong drilling life of bit: in conjunction with the bit body material parameter, significantly increase effective wear volume of cutting unit, improve the cutting unit effective rate of utilization, prolong drilling life of bit.(3) reduce drilling cost: the modular cutter drill bits not only can significantly improve average rate of penetration and the drill footage of drill bit under complicated geological (especially hard formation or abrasive layer) condition, can also prolong drilling life of bit, reduce drilling cost.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: modular unit scheme one
As shown in Figure 3, wherein the modular unit number is 2, and module and modular unit cross sectional shape are circular.The module diameter is d, and the modular unit kind is 2, and quantity is 2, is respectively
unit 1,
unit 2, and diameter is respectively d
1, d
2, d wherein
1Tangent with d, two unit y direction center to center distance are h
1, and
Embodiment 2: modular unit scheme two
As shown in Figure 5, module and modular unit cross sectional shape are circular, and there is the interval all unit between the unit in module.The module diameter is d, and wherein the modular unit number is 4, and kind is 2, and diameter is respectively d
1, d
2, comprise module (1), modular unit (2).
Embodiment 3: modular unit scheme three
As shown in Figure 7, the module cross section is racetrack, and the modular unit cross sectional shape has circle, rhombus, triangle, rectangle etc. dissimilar, and regular distribution comprises module (1), modular unit (2).
Embodiment 4: modular unit scheme four
As shown in Figure 8, the module cross section is hollow ellipse, and the modular unit cross sectional shape is circular, and size is different, random distribution.Comprise module (1), modular unit (2).
Embodiment 5: modular unit scheme five
As shown in Figure 9, modular unit each other can be continuously every, namely certain module unit interval value=0mm comprises module (1), modular unit (2).
Embodiment 6: modular unit scheme six
As shown in figure 10, the module combinations form is module combinations of the same type, and wherein the module cross sectional shape is trapezoidal, comprises module (1), modular unit (2).
Embodiment 7: modular unit scheme seven
As shown in figure 11, the module combinations form is dissimilar module combinations, and wherein the module cross sectional shape has fan-shaped, rectangle, i.e. the combination of fanlike die block and rectangular module comprises module (1), modular unit (2).
Embodiment 8: modular unit scheme eight
As shown in figure 12, the module combinations form is nonseptate schematic diagram between the module, and namely certain module spacing value=0mm comprises module (1), modular unit (2).
Embodiment 9: be applied in the PDC drill bit
As shown in Figure 1, comprise module (1), modular unit (2), bit body (3), PDC cutting teeth (4), nozzle (5).Wherein drill bit comprises the cutting unit (shown in Figure 2) of a module described in the utility model or modular unit formation at least, and some cutting units consist of PDC cutting teeths (4).
Embodiment 10: be applied in composite drill bit
As shown in figure 12, drill bit is the composite drill bit that comprises rotary-cut drill bit, module PDC drill bit.Comprise module (1), modular unit (2), PDC bit body (3), PDC cutting teeth (4), nozzle (5), rotary-cut drill bit (7), wherein drill bit comprises the cutting unit (shown in Figure 2) of a module described in the utility model or modular unit formation at least, and some cutting units consist of PDC cutting teeths (4).
Embodiment 11: theory analysis
According to Research Thinking of the present utility model, can finish the modular cutter drill bits design of different schemes, the below analyzes as an example of the scheme of Fig. 3 example.
Module and modular unit arrange that as shown in Figure 3 wherein the modular unit number is 2, and module and modular unit cross sectional shape are circular, and Unit two are in module.If the module diameter is d, modular unit is respectively
unit 1,
unit 2, and diameter is d
1, d
2, d wherein
1Tangent with d, two unit y direction center to center distance are h
1, and
The below analyzes cutting unit (being that
modular unit 1 and 2 forms in the scheme) the long regularity of distribution of cutting edge for different drilling processes.
(1) when unit 1 independent role, namely
(x sets up an office
1, y
1), cutting edge length is calculated as:
Corresponding diameter is the module of d, figure mid point (x
1 ', y
1') corresponding cutting edge length is:
(2) when
unit 1 and
unit 2 acting in conjunction, namely
(x sets up an office
2, y
2), cutting edge length is calculated as:
Corresponding diameter is the cutting unit of d, figure mid point (x
2', y
2') corresponding cutting edge length is:
(3) when unit 2 independent role, namely
(x sets up an office
3, y
3), cutting edge length is calculated as:
Corresponding diameter is the module of d, figure mid point (x
3', y
3') corresponding cutting edge length is:
(4) the long comparative analysis of cutting edge
Corresponding same radial depth (y direction coordinate figure) obtains diameter d, d
1With d
2The long l of cutting edge
1 ' d line length that weares and teares,
l
The 1'2'd line length that weares and teares,
l
The 3'd line length that weares and teares,
Contrast as shown in Figure 3.
Show with upper module and modular unit analysis result, compare with existing cutting unit, preferred by to the modular design of module and modular unit shape, specification, quantity and material of modular cutter drill bits, effective wearing and tearing sword of controlling drill bit privileged site cutting unit is long, keeps the constant specific pressure in the bit cutting unit drilling process.According to the relation of cutting edge length, specific pressure, rate of penetration, the increase that cutting edge is long can sharply reduce rock-breaking efficiency and rate of penetration.The modular cutter drill bits is long by the control cutting edge, specific pressure still maintenance and the pressure of the drill, performances of rock corresponding creep into higher value, guaranteed the wedging of cutting unit, the raising of realization drill bit functional performance.
Embodiment 12:
The PDC drill bit that adopts the utility model to manufacture and design is of a size of 8.5 ", the wing number is 6, the main cutting tooth diameter is 16mm.
The real data of boring:
(1) uses well section: 2879m~2965m;
(2) lithology: sandstone (containing quartz), black culm in light grey packsand and middle sandstone (containing quartz), the canescence;
(3) the pressure of the drill: 60~70KN;
(4) rotating speed: 60~75rpm;
(5) discharge capacity: 42l/m;
(6) average rate of penetration: 6.33m/h.
Result of implementation shows (such as Figure 14 and Figure 15): the module cutter drill bits significantly reduces than the pressure of the drill of tricone bit when boring hard and high abrasive stratum; And rate of penetration obviously improves also continual and steady.