CN202804968U - Special-shaped grinding wheel for preventing disfigurement - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a special-shaped grinding wheel for preventing disfigurement, which includes a matrix and a grinding ring, wherein hollow non-entity processing zones which are not grinded are uniformly distributed on a special-shaped grinding surface of the grinding ring, the residual position is an entity processing zone which is grinded, the circumferential total line length of the entity processing zone at different axial direction positions is corresponding to the processing allowance of the processed work piece at the same position, and the corresponding relationship is a proportional relationship or an approximate proportional relationship, thereby forming an equiform abrasion structure of the special-shaped grinding surface. A water flow passage made in the matrix is communicated with the non-entity processing zones, cooling water is injected from a water inlet of the matrix so as to form a total cooling system in the grinding contact surface area under the effect of the water flow passage, thereby conveniently converting multiple common external cooling devices into internal cooling devices. When the special-shaped grinding wheel for preventing disfigurement woks, the special-shaped grinding surface deforms little, the special-shaped grinding wheel can be fast cooled and the chip can be fast removed, and the special-shaped grinding wheel is suitable for fast and high speed processing. The processing quality of a work piece surface is improved, the sharpness of the grinding wheel is maintained and the service life is increased.

Description

The anti-shape abnormity emery wheel that loses

(1) technical field:

The utility model relates to grinding tool, is specially a kind of anti-mistake shape abnormity emery wheel.

(2) background technology:

Adopt emery wheel to finish to the grinding of metal or nonmetallic materials, use grinding face to be the emery wheel of plane (or running orbit is the plane) for plane machining, then often adopting grinding face for special-shaped edging processing is the formed grinding wheel of abnormity.The special-shaped flour milling shape of emery wheel is corresponding to the corner shape need of material, the conventional edge angular shape of final molding is arc, other shapes except arc are also arranged, as be the geometry of rule, or the non-well-behaved geometry for being consisted of by line segments such as straight line, camber line, curves.

For the stock of special-shaped edging, should be reserved with allowance, and allowance is not to stay for the shape of special-shaped grinding face, initial how much states of allowance are relative (common for square) of rule in most cases, material also is uniform.In process, may there be inequality in the processing capacity at each position that emery wheel abnormity flour milling is in axial direction gone up, the relation of some or even difference of magnification, and the material of emery wheel is inhomogeneity, degree of wear is different with the difference of processing capacity with regard to each position of having caused emery wheel abnormity flour milling for these, make the special-shaped flour milling of emery wheel very easily lose shape and can't normally use, need often to repair or lose shape and scrap.

Owing to be high-speed grinding, emery wheel is processed (flat surface grinding and special-shaped grinding) time and need to be cooled off, and the type of cooling provides for the cooling body of emery wheel machining tool, and according to the difference of the type of cooling, the emery wheel machining tool is divided into external-cooling type grinding machine and inner-cooled grinding machine.

1, the cooling body of external-cooling type grinding machine is simple, mainly be the cooling tube of a connection pumping source, cooling tube is installed on the work top, and the cooling fluid of cooling tube ejection directly acts on the emery wheel working position, because the centrifugal action that emery wheel rotates, cooling fluid will fly away from the emery wheel working position fast; And during grinding between working face and the work piece in conjunction with tightr, and the break flour that produces during grinding has also formed the sealing to cooling fluid, in fact cooling fluid is difficult to enter into the working face of processing, and just plays the effect of cooling after precooling before the emery wheel work, the emery wheel work.

2, the inner-cooled grinding machine supports the use the emery wheel with interior cooling structure, and cooling fluid can directly act on the grinding working face, and its cooling effect is more effective than external-cooling type.The structure of inner-cooled emery wheel is that the axis hole in matrix central shaft position offers the water inlet with the contraposition of inner-cooled grinder wheel rotating shaft delivery port, the inside of grinding wheel base body also offers (few in number) water stream channel, and also offer (few in number) delivery port on the bull ring of emery wheel, cooling fluid is supplied with by the emery wheel rotating shaft delivery port that emery wheel is installed, cooling fluid enters the water inlet of grinding wheel base body axis hole from the delivery port of emery wheel rotating shaft, through water stream channel from the bull ring the delivery port ejection and act on the grinding working face.

Owing to will solve layout and emery wheel rotating shaft and emery wheel central shaft hole entery and delivery port UNICOM and the sealing problem of internal cooling pipeline, it is the reason that causes inner-cooled grinding machine cooling body complexity, and then urge the manufacturing cost that has risen the inner-cooled grinding machine, and plain wheel can't use at the inner-cooled grinding machine, must use the special emery wheel with cooling structure, cause final comprehensive process cost to increase.

In addition, no matter use plain wheel processing at the external-cooling type grinding machine, or use the processing of inner-cooled emery wheel at the inner-cooled grinding machine, at present the emery wheel flour milling structures shape of technology the thread taken out of of break flour large, drag-out is limited.And the rate of discharge of break flour and discharge rate will directly affect crudy and efficient, when the break flour amount is difficult to take out of fully, will make crudy and Efficiency Decreasing, and this also is the key point that the emery wheel operating efficiency can't improve.

(3) utility model content:

For the deficiencies in the prior art part, the purpose of this utility model is that design a kind ofly strengthens the anti-mistake of emery wheel shape ability, improves emery wheel anti-the mistakes shape abnormity emery wheel in service life, and the utility model further improves and cools off and the chip removal effect also by the improvement grinding wheel structure.

Can realize the anti-mistake shape abnormity emery wheel of above-mentioned purpose, comprise matrix and the bull ring of being located on the matrix, difference is that the non-physical treatment district that does not participate in grinding is set on the special-shaped flour milling of described bull ring, unless the special-shaped flour milling residue position beyond the physical treatment district is then for participating in the physical treatment district of grinding, described physical treatment district is in disalignment to the allowance of the total line length of locational circumference corresponding to the work piece co-located, its corresponding relation is proportional relationship or approximate proportional relationship, thereby forms the abrasion structure such as shape such as grade of special-shaped flour milling.

It is the physical treatment district (part of contact work piece when referring to grinding) in the described bull ring, the processing capacity that to finish at the process needs according to emery wheel, the total line length of circumference that distributes the correspondent entity processing district at grinding wheel spindle to diverse location, it is the large position of workpiece allowance, its corresponding physical treatment district total line length of circumference is then large, the position that workpiece allowance is little, its corresponding physical treatment district total line length of circumference is then little, consist of direct proportion or approximate proportional relationship between the two, thereby form the abrasion structure such as shape such as grade of emery wheel, solve or alleviate special-shaped emery wheel with this and lose the shape problem.

When work piece is not that very high, wider range or emery wheel manufacture difficulty are when excessive to shape need, the processing capacity of finishing at the process needs according to emery wheel, at the circumference total line length of grinding wheel spindle to diverse location distribution correspondent entity processing district, the proportionate relationship that consists of between the two can suitably be relaxed.

Described non-physical treatment district can be set to any shape in principle, as being set to the geometry of rule, or is made as the non-well-behaved geometry that is made of line segments such as straight line, camber line, curves.

For the arc machined surface of work piece, the shape in described non-physical treatment district can adopt be easy to process circular or oval.

The axial width in non-physical treatment district greater than work piece machined surface thickness situation under, physical treatment district formation has the grinding of microspur discontinuous or half discontinuous grinding structure, half discontinuous grinding structure has less beating, and more is conducive to the higher processing that the limit requires of collapsing.

In the situation of axial width less than work piece machined surface thickness in non-physical treatment district, the physical treatment district consists of the continous way grinding structure, eliminates the limit that collapses of beating and bringing, and can satisfy to collapse the high processing operating mode of limit requirement.

Described non-physical treatment district is generally and offers recess and form on special-shaped flour milling.

For making the utility model emery wheel have interior cooling structure, described recess can be connected bull ring and forms port (doubling as delivery port), offer the water stream channel that with each port be communicated with in described matrix inside this moment, described each water stream channel and water inlet conducting, cooling water is applied to the grinding working face by water stream channel through non-physical treatment district (port), guarantees the whole process cooling in the process.

For reaching the effect of omnidistance cooling, bull ring contacting in the line length scope during with the work piece grinding, the quantity of described port for greater than 0 less than 30.

Setting and the conduction mode thereof of described each water stream channel and water inlet have multiple, can be similar to existing inner-cooled emery wheel such as it, be that described each water stream channel meets at the water inlet of offering on the axis hole of matrix central shaft position, cooling water enters the water inlet of matrix central shaft hole from the delivery port of emery wheel rotating shaft, is applied to the grinding working face by water stream channel through non-physical treatment district (port).

The setting of described each water stream channel and water inlet and conduction mode thereof preferably by the position that changes water inlet in the external-cooling type grinding machine is realized refrigerating function, one of method is water inlet to be opened in that it is become is open uncovered, the cooling fluid of the cooling tube ejection of external-cooling type grinding machine enters from the uncovered of matrix, be applied to the grinding working face by water stream channel through non-physical treatment district (port), guarantee equally the whole process cooling in the process.

Can further optimize basal body structure, and then the processing of simplification water inlet and water stream channel, a kind of optimizing structure is: described matrix comprises two substrates, and the bull ring clamping is consolidated between the substrate, also form the storage area of playing the water stream channel effect, described uncovered being opened on the substrate between the substrate.

Can one substrate be set to the pressing plate installed with another piece substrate, the central shaft position is located on another piece substrate, and is described uncovered for being opened in the collar extension on the pressing plate.

But the collar extension self-assembling formation of described pressing plate, method is that pressing plate is made as ring flat-plate, with the interior ring diameter increase (greater than substrate center axle position) of pressing plate, described collar extension then is formed between the central shaft position of the interior ring of pressing plate and substrate.

The port of described perforation bull ring also has concurrently and holds bits and chip removal function, the break flour that produces in the process is introduced in port corresponding to machined surface and stores, after the port that stores break flour leaves machined surface with emery wheel, under the effect of centrifugal force and spurting cooling fluid, break flour is discharged from the emery wheel port smoothly.

For the situation of two emery wheels or the coaxial use arranged side by side of a plurality of emery wheels, particularly for the emery wheel that is used for the external-cooling type grinding machine, can take the mode with the water stream channel mutual conduction between the emery wheel, guarantee that cooling fluid is to the supply of each emery wheel.

The technical solution of the utility model also is fit to " dry grinding " processing, but the dry grinding cooling water of this moment is " air ", and described water inlet, water stream channel and port (delivery port) then correspond to air inlet, gas channel and gas outlet.

Advantage of the present utility model:

1, the anti-shape abnormity emery wheel that loses of the utility model such as has at the shape abrasion structure, structurally promotes the emery wheel non-deformability, makes emery wheel lose shape, Failure Factors reduces greatly, improves the life-span of emery wheel.

2, the utility model can be according to the quality requirement of work piece, adopt continous way, discontinuous, half discontinuous grinding method, in conjunction with inner-cooled Cooling Mode, quick row (appearance) bits structure, the surface roughness of surface to be machined and the performance of emery wheel sharpness are increased substantially, guarantee that emery wheel more can be applicable to fast, High-speed machining.

3, the utility model makes most external-cooling types abnormity process equipments on the market hardly with the performance that increases any cost and just can reach the inner-cooled process equipment, avoids dropping into the inner-cooled process equipment of more funds purchase costlinesses, and economic benefit is very obvious.

(4) description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the perspective view of a kind of embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is the front view of Fig. 1 embodiment.

Fig. 3 is the internal structure schematic diagram of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 (a) is among Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, and non-physical treatment district is the distribution situation schematic diagram on the special-shaped flour milling of bull ring, and the axial width in non-physical treatment district is greater than the thickness of work piece.

Fig. 4 (b) is among Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, and non-physical treatment district is the distribution situation schematic diagram on the special-shaped flour milling of bull ring, and the axial width in non-physical treatment district is less than the thickness of work piece.

Fig. 5 is the processing dimension figure of work piece.

Figure number sign: 1 matrix; 1-1, substrate; 1-2, pressing plate; 2, bull ring, 2-1, non-physical treatment district; 2-2, physical treatment district; 3, water inlet; 4, support column; 5, storage area; 6, screw; 7, central shaft position; 8, work piece.

(5) specific embodiment:

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the technical solution of the utility model is described further:

The anti-shape abnormity emery wheel that loses of the utility model is made of matrix 1 and bull ring 2, and wherein matrix 1 is assembled by substrate 1-1 and pressing plate 1-2.

Described substrate 1-1 is plectane, axle position 7 centered by the place, substrate 1-1 axle center, the axis hole of described central shaft position 7 cooperates installation with the emery wheel rotating shaft of grinding machine, described pressing plate 1-2 is ring flat-plate, the outer ring diameter of pressing plate 1-2 is identical with substrate 1-1 circle diameter, and the interior ring diameter of pressing plate 1-2 is greater than the external diameter of substrate 1-1 central shaft position 7; Use the hollow support post 4 of circumference uniform distribution every sky between substrate 1-1 and the pressing plate 1-2, corresponding to each support column 4 position, with screw 6 substrate 1-1 and pressing plate 1-2 are axially fastened, meanwhile the circumferential outer edge inner side end of substrate 1-1 and pressing plate 1-2 is with bull ring 2 clampings fixed (glue commonly used is bonding), such as Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3.

Take the Machining Arc limit as example, the special-shaped flour milling of described bull ring 2 is arc, inwardly hollow out offers uniform circular or oval port (connecting bull ring 2) on special-shaped flour milling, described circle or oval port are the non-physical treatment district 2-1 of special-shaped flour milling, non-physical treatment district 2-1 also doubles as simultaneously and holds bits, chip removal mouth and coolant outlet, the remainder of abnormity flour milling is the physical treatment district 2-2 that contacts with work piece 8, bull ring 2 and work piece 8 contacts in the line length scope during wheel grinding, the quantity of non-physical treatment district 2-1 for greater than 0 less than 30, and described physical treatment district 2-2 is in disalignment to the allowance of the total line length of locational circumference corresponding to the workpiece to be machined co-located, its corresponding relation is proportional relationship or approximate proportional relationship, thereby form the abrasion structure such as shape such as grade of special-shaped flour milling, such as Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 4 institute is not.

As shown in Figure 5, the material thickness 5mm of work piece 8, circular arc sagitta 1.5mm, minimum position (middle part of the thickness direction) surplus of allowance is 1mm, the position of processing capacity maximum (about two end faces) surplus is 2.5mm, and then work piece 8 allowance vertically with the proportional relationship of the total line length of circumference of corresponding physical treatment district 2-2 is: minimum margin: maximum surplus=1: 2.5.

Shown in Fig. 4 (a), when the axial width of non-physical treatment district 2-1 during greater than the thickness of work piece 8 machined surfaces, formation has the grinding of microspur discontinuous or half discontinuous grinding structure, and half discontinuous grinding structure has less beating, and more is conducive to the higher processing that the limit requires of collapsing; Collapsing in the high situation of limit requirement, can select the axial width of non-physical treatment district 2-1 less than the thickness of work piece 8 machined surfaces, consist of the continous way grinding structure, eliminate the limit that collapses of beating and bringing, shown in Fig. 4 (b).

The anti-shape abnormity emery wheel embodiment that loses of the utility model has interior cooling structure, can use at the external-cooling type grinding machine, the water inlet 3 of cooling water is the collar extension between pressing plate 1-2 and the substrate 1-1 central shaft position 7, cavity between substrate 1-1 and the pressing plate 1-2 is the storage area 5 of cooling water, non-physical treatment district 2-1 (circular or oval port) communicates with storage area 5, such as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 3.

Add man-hour, the wheel grinding workpiece, the cooling tube of external-cooling type grinding machine is aimed at the collar extension (being water inlet 3) between pressing plate 1-2 and the substrate 1-1 central shaft position 7, cooling water enters and the 5 interior preservations in the storage area from collar extension, because centrifugal action, cooling water in the storage area 5 gets rid of into grinding area by non-physical treatment district 2-1 (circular or oval port), realizes the interior cooling to work piece 8; The break flour that produces during grinding enters temporary transient storage the in the non-physical treatment district 2-1 (circular or oval port), store the non-physical treatment district 2-1 (circular or oval port) of break flour after leaving grinding area, under the acting in conjunction of centrifugal force and cooling water, break flour is discharged from.

The utility model emery wheel can make break flour in time discharge fast emery wheel, can make abrasive grain can better keep the height of exposure, and get grinding capacity the quarter that is conducive to improve abrasive grain, reaches the effect that improves sharpness; Simultaneously, because the quick discharge of break flour is conducive to cooling water and plays a role, the heat in metal cutting that greatly reduces abrasive grain reaches because the frictional heat that break flour exists, improve the condition of work of abrasive grain, be conducive to the Strength retention of abrasive grain, improved the life-span of emery wheel; The reduction of frictional heat also will be conducive to improve the surface quality of work piece 8.

Special circumstances: when special-shaped flour milling is the Complex Different Shape face, the shaped face of complexity can be split as some sections and make several emery wheels, can be considered a plurality of emery wheels stacks.

The technical solution of the utility model is specially adapted to process on the emery wheel of fragile metal or nonmetallic materials and uses, and the bull ring 2 usefulness super hard abrasives of described emery wheel are made, and the physical treatment district 2-2 of bull ring 2 can be the disposal molding mode or various amalgamation molding mode consists of.

Above-described embodiment only is the specific case that the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described, and the utility model is not to be defined in this; All any modifications of within scope of disclosure of the present utility model, making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all be included within the protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (14)

1. prevent losing shape abnormity emery wheel, comprise matrix (1) and be located at bull ring (2) on the matrix (1), it is characterized in that: the non-physical treatment district (2-1) that does not participate in grinding is set on the special-shaped flour milling of described bull ring (2), and the residue position of special-shaped flour milling is for participating in the physical treatment district (2-2) of grinding, described physical treatment district (2-2) is in disalignment to the allowance of the total line length of locational circumference corresponding to work piece (8) co-located, and its corresponding relation is proportional relationship or approximate proportional relationship.

2. anti-mistake shape abnormity emery wheel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described non-physical treatment district (2-1) is the geometry of rule, or the non-well-behaved geometry for being made of straight line, camber line, curve.

3. anti-mistake shape abnormity emery wheel according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described non-physical treatment district (2-1) is for circular or oval.

4. the described anti-mistake shape abnormity emery wheel of any one according to claim 1～3, it is characterized in that: the axial width in described non-physical treatment district (2-1) is greater than the thickness of work piece (8) machined surface.

5. the described anti-mistake shape abnormity emery wheel of any one according to claim 1～3 is characterized in that: or the axial width in described non-physical treatment district (2-1) is less than the thickness of work piece (8) machined surface.

6. the described anti-mistake shape abnormity emery wheel of any one is characterized in that: the recess of described non-physical treatment district (2-1) for offering on special-shaped flour milling according to claim 1～3.

7. anti-mistake shape abnormity emery wheel according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described recess is for connecting the port of bull ring (2), the water stream channel that is communicated with each port is offered in described matrix (1) inside, and described each water stream channel meets at the water inlet (3) of offering on the matrix (1).

8. anti-mistake shape abnormity emery wheel according to claim 7 is characterized in that: bull ring (2) contacting in the line length scope during with work piece (8) grinding, the quantity of described port for greater than 0 less than 30.

9. anti-mistake shape abnormity emery wheel according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described water inlet (3) is for being opened in external uncovered on the matrix (1) or being opened on the axis hole of matrix (1) central shaft position (7).

10. anti-mistake shape abnormity emery wheel according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: described matrix (1) comprises two substrates (1-1), bull ring (2) clamping is consolidated between the substrate (1-1), also formed the storage area (5) of water stream channel effect between the substrate (1-1), described water inlet (3) is opened on the substrate (1-1).

11. anti-mistake shape abnormity emery wheel according to claim 10, it is characterized in that: a described substrate (1-1) is the pressing plate (1-2) of installing with another piece substrate (1-1), central shaft position (7) is located on another piece substrate (1-1), and described water inlet (3) is for being opened in the collar extension of offering on the pressing plate (1-2).

12. anti-mistake shape abnormity emery wheel according to claim 11, it is characterized in that: described pressing plate (1-2) is ring flat-plate, the interior ring diameter of pressing plate (1-2) is greater than the central shaft position (7) of substrate (1-1), and described collar extension is formed between the central shaft position (7) of the interior ring of pressing plate (1-2) and substrate (1-1).

13. anti-mistake shape abnormity emery wheel according to claim 9 is characterized in that: during the coaxial use arranged side by side of described two or more emery wheels, the water stream channel mutual conduction between described each matrix (1).

14. the described anti-mistake shape abnormity emery wheel of any one according to claim 1～3, it is characterized in that: described bull ring (2) is made with super hard abrasive, and the physical treatment district (2-2) of bull ring (2) is that disposal molding mode or amalgamation molding mode consist of.

Images