CN202799198U - PTC electric heating element, electric heater unit and electric car - Google Patents

PTC electric heating element, electric heater unit and electric car Download PDF

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Publication number
CN202799198U
CN202799198U CN 201220370965 CN201220370965U CN202799198U CN 202799198 U CN202799198 U CN 202799198U CN 201220370965 CN201220370965 CN 201220370965 CN 201220370965 U CN201220370965 U CN 201220370965U CN 202799198 U CN202799198 U CN 202799198U
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China
Prior art keywords
electrode
ptc
electric heating
heating element
several
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CN 201220370965
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴猛祥
任茂林
邓天有
王书敏
李晓芳
邱红梅
林信平
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model provides a PTC electric heating element, an electric heater unit and an electric car.

Description

A kind of PTC electric heating element, electric heater unit and electric motor car
Technical field
The utility model relates to the heater field, relates in particular to a kind of PTC electric heating element, electric heater unit and electric motor car for electric motor car.
Background technology
The air conditioning and heating system of tradition fuel-engined vehicle usually with the waste heat of using waste heat from tail gas or engine cool recirculated water as thermal source and introduce heat exchanger, air and heat exchanger that forced draft fan is sent here carry out heat exchange, air after the heating is sent in the car, reaches heating, demist, defrosting and is other purposes that needs the parts of thermal source to heat.Yet, application along with pure electric vehicle and hybrid vehicle, particularly for pure electric vehicle, there are not enough waste heats during its work for the inner heating of automobile, in addition, under the winter extremely cold environment, need defrosting and demist to need equally thermal source before the automobile starting, therefore needing increase electric auxiliary heating device on the basis of motor compressor refrigeration.
Existing electric heater unit comprises housing and is positioned over several PTC electric heating elements in the described housing, the PTC(positive temperature coefficient) characteristics of electric heating element are, its resistivity in certain certain temperature range the time base portion remain unchanged, and when temperature reaches near the Curie temperature of PTC element, its resistivity can increase rapidly in narrower temperature range, near insulator.The PTC element is divided into ceramic PTC and polymer PTC at present, usually use ceramic PTC as heating element, it has temp auto-controlled heating, the safe flames of anger, nonflammable, without characteristics such as potential safety hazards, and can automatically reduce heating power after ambient temperature improves, reach the effect of automatic energy saving, be a kind of comparatively desirable electric heating material.
Existing PTC electric heating element generally comprises the PTC heating component, is located at first, second electrode assemblie of PTC heating component both sides, and the insulating barrier of being located at first, second electrode assemblie outside; First, second electrode assemblie comprises fixed electrode; The battery lead plate of fixed electrode directly contacts with the PTC heating component, when for high pressure P TC electric heating element, also can add that between PTC heating component and battery lead plate binder is bonding, but the structure that this kind PTC element contacts with the direct rigidity of battery lead plate, the Presence of an interface gap, and the PTC element is when making moulding, exist and make tolerance, the variable thickness of PTC element causes, easily cause battery lead plate not exclusively to contact with the PTC element, when existing, high pressure causes easily arcing, cause the PTC element to burst, and can promote binder aging during for the PTC element heating, the poor adhesion of binder causes battery lead plate to separate with the PTC element, also has the potential safety hazard of arcing and puncture PTC element.The metal clips realization fixed electrode of open employing bending and the electrical connection of PTC element are arranged, but it easily causes the surface electrode scratch of PTC element in larger external force compaction process, come off etc., and existing PTC heating component with the PTC electric heating element generally is comprised of more a plurality of PTC elements, for the array that is formed by a plurality of PTC elements, not only there is larger difference in each PTC interelement thickness, and the also difficult consistency that guarantees its plane of assembling, the possibility that exists electrode not exclusively to contact is larger, existing structure all can not well replenish the thickness difference of each PTC element, contact resistance is large, reduced the power of electric heating element, under high voltage environment, still there is the risk that arc over PTC element occurs, causes the problem of short circuit.
Summary of the invention
The utility model still can not well solve the good contact of PTC heating component and battery lead plate for the PTC electric heating element that solves existing electric heater unit, contact resistance is large, under high voltage environment, still there is the risk that arc over PTC element occurs, cause the technical problem of short circuit.Provide a kind of being simple and easy to realize, can better solve contacting of PTC heating component and battery lead plate, reduce contact resistance, power height, and PTC electric heating element, electric heater unit and the electric motor car of durable power on/off.
First purpose of the present utility model provides a kind of PTC electric heating element, and this PTC electric heating element comprises the PTC heating component, is located at first, second electrode assemblie of PTC heating component both sides, and the insulating barrier of being located at first, second electrode assemblie outside; Described first, second electrode assemblie comprises fixed electrode; Described the first electrode assemblie also comprises the shell fragment electrode, and described shell fragment electrode all electrically contacts with the fixed electrode of PTC heating component and the first electrode assemblie between the fixed electrode of PTC heating component and the first electrode assemblie; And/or described the second electrode assemblie also comprises the shell fragment electrode, and described shell fragment electrode all electrically contacts with the fixed electrode of PTC heating component and the second electrode assemblie between the fixed electrode of PTC heating component and the second electrode assemblie; Described shell fragment electrode is two-way shell fragment electrode, described two-way shell fragment electrode comprises electrode matrix and is positioned at contact electrode on the electrode matrix, described contact electrode comprises the contact flat spring on projection electrode matrix plane, and described contact flat spring comprises a plurality of, lays respectively at the both sides of electrode matrix.
Preferably, the first electrode assemblie and the second electrode assemblie all also comprise the shell fragment electrode.
Preferably, electrode matrix and contact electrode are formed in one.
Preferably, contact flat spring is the partial electrode matrix on projection electrode matrix plane, namely makes by electrode matrix.
Preferably, contact flat spring is the cutting electrode matrix lifts respectively projection electrode matrix plane to the electrode matrix both sides in incision partial electrode matrix.
Preferably, contact flat spring is for there being " bow " notched cut at electrode matrix, lift respectively the partial electrode matrix on projection electrode matrix plane to the electrode matrix both sides at " bow " notched cut place, the top and the bottom electrode matrix of described " bow " font lifts outstanding from a side of electrode matrix, the mid portion electrode matrix of described " bow " font lifts outstanding from the opposite side of electrode matrix.
Preferably, the shell fragment electrode makes by the conductor sheet material that line cutting or stamping-out have high-temperature oxidation resistance and high-yield strength.
The contact flat spring of contact electrode projection electrode matrix both side surface comprises the first contact flat spring and the second contact flat spring; The first contact flat spring is between PTC heating component and the electrode matrix, electrically contacts with the PTC heating component; The second contact flat spring is between fixed electrode and the electrode matrix, electrically contacts with fixed electrode; Preferably, the number of the first contact flat spring is greater than the number of the second contact flat spring.
Preferably, the first contact flat spring comprises two; The second contact flat spring comprises one.
Preferably, contact flat spring and electrode matrix interplanar have angle.
Preferably, the outstanding height of contact flat spring is 0.01 ~ 0.2mm.
Preferably, the thickness of electrode matrix is 0.1 ~ 0.6mm.
Preferably, contact electrode comprises a plurality of, is evenly distributed on the electrode matrix.
Preferably, the PTC heating component comprises a plurality of PTC elements, also is provided with some slits on the described electrode matrix, and described slit is divided into some elastic regions of integrated connection with electrode matrix, is equipped with contact electrode on each elastic region.
Preferably, the area of single elastic region is identical with single PTC element area, and the number of elastic region is identical with the number of PTC element.
Preferably, the contact electrode number on each elastic region is two, is symmetrically distributed on the elastic region with respect to the center line of each elastic region.
Preferably, the shell fragment electrode welding is at the inner surface of fixed electrode towards the PTC heating component.
Perhaps preferred, the shell fragment electrode is fixed between PTC heating component and the fixed electrode by securing member.
Preferably, the fixed electrode of the first electrode assemblie and/or the second electrode assemblie is trapezoidal electrode, and described trapezoidal electrode is vertical plane towards the medial surface of PTC heating component, is the inclined-plane towards the lateral surface of insulating barrier.
Preferably, insulating barrier is the insulating heat-conductive film, and described insulating heat-conductive film is coated on lateral surface and the bottom surface of described first, second electrode assemblie.
Preferably, the insulating heat-conductive film is for adopting a kind of rete of making in organic silicon rubber, the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber.
Preferably, the PTC electric heating element also comprises synovial membrane, and described synovial membrane is coated on the outer surface of insulating heat-conductive film.
Preferably, synovial membrane is polyimide film or copper foil membrane.
Preferably, the area of fixed electrode is greater than the area of PTC heating component, and extends to form extension; Be filled with heat conduction embedding blob of viscose between the extension of described two fixed electrodes.
Preferably, the PTC heating component comprises insulation fixed frame and several PTC elements, and described insulation fixed frame is formed with several fixed cells, and described several PTC elements are individually fixed in described several fixed cells.
Preferably, the insulation fixed frame comprises several first dividers and several second dividers, described several the first divider parallel interval arrange, and described several the second divider parallel interval arrange, and described the first divider and described the second divider square crossing setting; Described several fixed cells are separated to form by described several first dividers and several second dividers.
Preferably, separate by described the first divider or the second divider between two adjacent PTC elements.
Preferably, several first dividers are along the Width setting of PTC element, and the spacing between two adjacent the first dividers equals the width of PTC element; Described several second dividers are along the length direction setting of PTC element, and the spacing between two adjacent the second dividers equals the length of PTC element; The thickness of described several first dividers and/or several the second dividers equals the thickness of PTC element.
Second purpose of the present utility model provides a kind of electric heater unit, comprise housing and be positioned at some PTC electric heating elements of housing, described housing is formed with several thermal troughs, be used for holding medium and medium supplied to the import in the described torus and be used for medium is directed to the outer outlet of described torus for the torus of medium circulation and being used for of being communicated with torus, and described torus is with respect to described thermal trough sealing setting; Wherein, described PTC electric heating element is above-mentioned PTC electric heating element, and described PTC electric heating element is installed in the described thermal trough.
Preferably, fixed electrode is trapezoidal electrode, and described trapezoidal electrode is vertical plane towards the medial surface of PTC heating component, is the inclined-plane towards the lateral surface of insulating barrier, and described thermal trough is dovetail groove, and the two sides of described thermal trough are the inclined-plane; The lateral surface of described fixed electrode and the side of described thermal trough are suitable.
Preferably, described housing comprises the first housing, is installed on the second housing on the first housing, described several thermal troughs are set on described the second housing, described several thermal troughs extend in described the first housing, form torus between described several thermal troughs and the first housing, described import and outlet are located on the first housing.
Preferably, described the second housing comprises connecting wall and partition wall, and described partition wall is separated to form described several thermal troughs, and the openend of described several thermal troughs is connected with described connecting wall; Described torus comprises several cycling elements, and described several cycling elements are formed between partition wall and the first housing; Described the first housing comprises the first side wall and the second sidewall, and described several thermal troughs are formed with passage respectively and between described the first side wall or the second sidewall, and described several cycling elements are connected by described passage.
Preferably, described several thermal troughs comprise several first thermal troughs and several second thermal troughs, described several first thermal troughs and several second thermal troughs are arranged alternately, wherein, the first thermal trough is connected with the first side wall, and and the second sidewall between be formed with passage, the second thermal trough is connected with the second sidewall, and and the first side wall between be formed with passage.
The utility model further provides a kind of electric motor car, comprises the air conditioning and heating system, and described air conditioning and heating system comprises aforesaid electric heater unit.
At least contain a two-way shell fragment electrode in the PTC electric heating element of electric heater unit of the present utility model, can replenish at both direction the thickness deviation of PTC element 27, guarantee to form between PTC element 27 and first, second electrode assemblie good contact, and it can solve the thickness difference of each PTC element by the two-way shell fragment electrode of special construction, reduce contact resistance, improve the power of PTC electric heating element.The array that forms for a plurality of PTC elements especially, contact is better, be not easy to cause arcing, can not cause the PTC element to burst, improved the fail safe of PTC element, power on/off is lasting, and particularly two-way elastic piece structure of the present utility model can not only well play the effect of Elastic Contact, and can avoid the injury to PTC element surface electrode.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the profile of the electric heater unit of the utility model preferred embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the profile of the shell fragment electrode of a kind of execution mode of the utility model.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the shell fragment electrode of a kind of execution mode of the utility model.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the utility model shell fragment electrode another side shown in Figure 3.
Fig. 5 is the decomposing schematic representation of the PTC electric heating element of a kind of execution mode of the utility model.
Fig. 6 is the cutaway view of the PTC electric heating element shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is the cutaway view that PTC electric heating element shown in Figure 6 is installed on thermal trough.
Fig. 8 is the decomposing schematic representation of PTC electric heating element shown in Figure 6.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the PTC heating component shown in Fig. 8.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the insulation fixed frame of the PTC heating component shown in Fig. 9.
Figure 11 is the combination schematic diagram of the housing of the utility model preferred embodiment.
Figure 12 is the decomposing schematic representation of the housing of the utility model preferred embodiment.
Figure 13 is the vertical view of housing shown in Figure 11.
Embodiment
Clearer for technical problem, technical scheme and beneficial effect that the utility model is solved, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explaining the utility model, and be not used in restriction the utility model.
Consult Fig. 1, the utility model provides a kind of electric heater unit for electric motor car, comprises housing 1 and is installed on several PTC electric heating elements 2 in the housing 1.With housing in the background technology similarly, described housing 1 comprises: be used for holding PTC electric heating element 2 heating chamber 11, be used for holding medium and the torus 12 that passes through for media flow, is communicated with torus 12 be used for medium supply in the described torus 12 import 13 and for the outlet 14 that medium is directed to outside the described torus 12; Described heating chamber 11 comprises several thermal troughs 160, and described PTC electric heating element 2 is installed in the described thermal trough 160, and described torus 12 arranges with respect to described thermal trough 160 sealings.
The structure of the PTC electric heating element of mentioning in the structure that main improvement of the present utility model is the PTC electric heating element and the background technology exists different, so that battery lead plate better contacts with heating element, reduces contact resistance.
Consult the PTC electric heating element 2 of Fig. 2-4 the utility model preferred embodiment, the insulating barrier 23 that comprises PTC heating component 20, is located at first, second electrode assemblie of PTC heating component 20 both sides and is located at first, second electrode assemblie outside; PTC heating component 20 comprises at least one PTC element 27, wherein, first, second electrode assemblie comprises fixed electrode 22, preferably, the first electrode assemblie and/or the second electrode assemblie also comprise shell fragment electrode 21, concrete preferred the first electrode assemblie of present embodiment and the second electrode assemblie all also comprise shell fragment electrode 21, and described shell fragment electrode 21 is between PTC heating component 20 and fixed electrode 22.
Described shell fragment electrode 21 is two-way shell fragment electrode, described two-way shell fragment electrode comprises electrode matrix 211 and is positioned at contact electrode 212 on the electrode matrix 211, described contact electrode 212 comprises the contact flat spring 2121 on projection electrode matrix plane, described contact flat spring 2121 comprises a plurality of, lay respectively at the both sides of electrode matrix 211, improve the PTC element of PTC electric heating element 2 and the electric conductivity between the battery lead plate (being equivalent to fixed electrode), reduce the contact resistance size, because of the withstand voltage properties of contact resistance size to the electric heating module, particularly long-time, fail safe under the high voltage operation environment, reliability has a significant impact, and the utility model can well be improved the performance of electric heating element.Improve existing because the PTC element 27 of PTC electric heating element 2 contacts with the direct rigidity of battery lead plate, the Presence of an interface gap, and PTC element 27 is when making moulding, exist and make tolerance, the variable thickness of PTC element 27 causes, especially when several PTC elements 27 form array, part PTC element 27 does not contact with battery lead plate or not exclusively contact, under high voltage environment, there is the risk that arc over PTC element occurs, cause the problem of short circuit.The utility model can replenish at both direction the thickness deviation of PTC element 27 by the two-way shell fragment electrode of special construction, guarantee to form between PTC element 27 and first, second electrode assemblie good contact, and two-way elastic piece structure of the present utility model can not only well play the effect of Elastic Contact, and can avoid the injury to PTC element surface electrode.
Contact electrode is welded on contact flat spring 2121(such as Fig. 2,3,4 of electrode matrix 211 both side surface after can being), also can be one-body molded with electrode matrix 211, for example integrated punching moulding.Contact flat spring 2121 can be the solid slug that is positioned at electrode matrix 211 surfaces with larger elasticity of compression deformation, conductive and heat-conductive, and the shape of solid slug is not particularly limited, and can be domatic; Also can be the solid slug that only needs conductive and heat-conductive, the electrode matrix 211 under the solid slug has elasticity or is positioned at solid slug bottom electrode matrix 211 inner recess etc.; Present embodiment specifically preferably can be the semiconductor chip material, there is certain angle with electrode matrix 211 interplanars, namely there is certain space with electrode matrix 211 interplanars, can push contact flat spring 2121, contact more flexibly, easier assurance PTC element contacts with electrode, reduce resistance, and can guarantee further to reduce to the damage of PTC element surface, the electrode matrix 211 of 2121 times correspondences of contact flat spring can be that the real plate that exists also can be the structure that hollows out, the utility model is without limits.
Preferably, contact flat spring 2121 is the partial electrode matrix on projection electrode matrix 211 planes, namely directly make by electrode matrix 211, the preferred concrete contact flat spring 2121 of present embodiment lifts respectively the partial electrode matrix on projection electrode matrix 211 planes to electrode matrix 211 both sides in incision for cutting electrode matrix 211.Referring to accompanying drawing 5, in the present embodiment, by " bow " notched cut is arranged at electrode matrix 211, the partial electrode matrix that lifts respectively projection electrode matrix 211 planes at " bow " notched cut place to electrode matrix 211 both sides forms contact flat spring 2121, the top and the bottom electrode matrix of described " bow " font lifts outstanding from a side of electrode matrix, the mid portion electrode matrix of described " bow " font lifts outstanding from the opposite side of electrode matrix, thereby can form the first contact electrode and the second contact electrode.Specifically can define the first contact flat spring in the present embodiment and be between PTC heating component 20 and the electrode matrix 211, electrically contact with PTC heating component 20; The second contact flat spring is between fixed electrode 22 and the electrode matrix 211, electrically contacts with fixed electrode 22; In the better situation, the number of the first contact flat spring is greater than the number of the second contact flat spring, can further make the PTC element surface stressed evenly, and large dull and stereotyped fixed electrode is stressed also even, and easy realization simple in structure further reduces cost.Concrete the first contact flat spring comprises two in the present embodiment; The second contact flat spring comprises one, can further make PTC element surface symmetry stressed, pushes more firmly, stressed more even, and contact is better.Method the utility model of cutting electrode matrix 211 without limits, for example can be line cutting or stamping-out, material the utility model of electrode matrix 211 is preferably the conductor sheet material with high-temperature oxidation resistance and high-yield strength, such as thinking metallic tin and alloy thereof, copper and alloy thereof etc., when can being provided, enough contact force can further guarantee good thermal conductivity, good heat radiation can further improve the heating properties of PTC electric heating element, can reduce contact resistance; And do not affect interface heat transfer, so that the heat that the PTC element produces can conduct to fixed electrode 22 fully; And guarantee that the PTC element can use for a long time safely in high-pressure system.
Preferably, contact flat spring 2121 outstanding height are 0.01 ~ 0.2mm, and concrete outstanding maximum height is 0.1mm in the present embodiment.Preferably, the thickness of electrode matrix 211 is 0.1 ~ 0.6mm, further optimizes the performance of PTC electric heating element.
Contact electrode 212 is that basic that the contact flat spring 2121 of electrode matrix 211 both sides forms can be realized the simplest cellular construction of the present utility model, the preferred cellular construction that is generally formed by the nearest contact flat spring that is positioned at both sides 2121, referring to accompanying drawing 2, the unit of two contact flat springs, 2121 compositions that is positioned at the distribution of electrode matrix 211 bilateral symmetry is contact electrode 212, contain 6 contact electrodes 212 in the accompanying drawing 2, such as accompanying drawing 3, in 4, it is contact electrode 212 that an outstanding contact flat spring 2121 that is positioned at two outstanding contact flat springs 2121 of electrode matrix 211 1 sides and is viewed as the opposite side of sunk structure from this side forms a unit, accompanying drawing 3, contain 12 contact electrodes 212 in 4, as shown in Figure 5, unit of 3 contact flat springs, 2121 compositions that " bow " font otch lifts formation is contact electrode 212, contains 18 contact electrodes 212 in the accompanying drawing 5.
Number the utility model of contact electrode 212 for example can be a large unit structure without limits, and this practicality is preferably a plurality of, is evenly distributed on the electrode matrix 211, guarantees that PTC heating component 20 is stressed even, PTC electric heating element stabilized structure.General PTC heating component 20 forms array by a plurality of PTC elements 27, and present embodiment preferably also is provided with some slits 2111 on electrode matrix 211, optimize the degree of freedom between the single PTC element 27.Described slit 2111 is divided into electrode matrix 211 some elastic regions 2112 of integrated connection, be equipped with contact electrode 212 on each elastic region 2112, guarantee the good contact of more PTC element 27, reduce contact resistance, and optimize the degree of freedom between the single PTC element 27.The area of general single elastic region 2112 is identical with single PTC element 27 areas, the number of elastic region 2112 is identical with the number of PTC element 27, what namely guarantee each PTC element 27 correspondence all has a contact electrode 212, guarantee the contact of each PTC element 27, participate in accompanying drawing 5, the PTC heating component is comprised of 9 PTC elements 27, electrode matrix 211 can be divided into 8 elastic regions 2112.The big or small the utility model in slit 2111 can be the blind slot that is positioned on the electrode matrix 211 without limits, also can be groove, namely cut away the partial electrode matrix, be conducive to heat radiation, at this moment, as a whole for guaranteeing whole electrode matrix 211, generally hollow out horizontal vertically can the interruption.The breadth-first in slit 2111 is 1 ~ 3mm.
Preferably, the contact electrode 212 on each elastic region 2112 also is a plurality of, evenly distributes, and guarantees stressed symmetry and even, can make the contact of PTC element good, guarantees satisfactory electrical conductivity.Contact electrode 212 numbers in the present embodiment on concrete each elastic region 2112 are two, are symmetrically distributed in (with reference to accompanying drawing 5) on the elastic region 2112 with respect to the center line of each elastic region 2112, guarantee symmetrically and evenly stressed.
Fixedly the utility model of shell fragment electrode 21 has no particular limits, can be fixed between PTC heating component 20 and the fixed electrode 22 by any mode, for example can be first mode by welding be fixed in fixed electrode 22 towards the inner surface of PTC heating component 20, and then with 20 assemblings of PTC heating component etc.Also can be fixed between PTC heating component 20 and the fixed electrode 22 by securing member etc. the rubber structure spare that securing member can be commonly used for those skilled in the art or metal fixed structure piece etc.When being provided with insulation fixed frame 26 in the PTC heating component 20, also can be by modes such as engagings, it is first-class that shell fragment electrode 21 is fastened on insulation fixed frame 26.
Referring to accompanying drawing 6,7, the fixed electrode 22 of preferred the first electrode assemblie and/or the second electrode assemblie is trapezoidal electrode, in the present embodiment, the fixed electrode 22 of concrete preferred the first electrode assemblie and the second electrode assemblie is trapezoidal electrode, described trapezoidal electrode is vertical plane towards the medial surface of PTC heating component 20, is the inclined-plane towards the lateral surface of insulating barrier 23.The utility model does not adopt independent pressure elements, but at least one fixed electrode 22 is made into trapezoidal electrode, plays the effect of pressure elements, effectively conserve space, alleviate quality and play again simultaneously fixation; Especially, the heat that the PTC electric heating element produces can be directly passes to medium in the torus by thermal trough 160, and without pressure elements, thermal loss is less.
In preferred embodiment of the present utility model, described thermal trough 160 is the dovetail groove on inclined-plane for two sides, the fixed electrode 22 of the first electrode assemblie and the second electrode assemblie is made into trapezoidal electrode, be used for adapting to the thermal trough 160 with trapezoidal cross-section, PTC electric heating element 2 with this structure can embed thermal trough 160 easily, the pressure of suffered thermal trough 160 both sides can make PTC electric heating element 2 form good contacting with thermal trough 160 when embedding thermal trough 160, and, it is darker that PTC electric heating element 2 embeds thermal trough 160, the pressure at right angle that PTC electric heating element 2 is subject to is larger, more be not easy to be removed, need not pressure elements, can realize its fixation.Be understandable that, described thermal trough 160 also can be that a side is vertical plane, the another side is the dovetail groove on inclined-plane, at this moment, shape according to thermal trough 160, only the fixed electrode 22 with the first electrode assemblie or the second electrode assemblie is made into trapezoidal electrode, can make equally PTC electric heating element 2 form good contacting with thermal trough 160.
Shown in Fig. 6-8, specifically, the effect of described fixed electrode 22 is to connect the effect that power supply plays pressure elements simultaneously, by fixed electrode 22 is made into trapezoidal electrode, adapt to the thermal trough 160 with trapezoidal cross-section, need not pressure elements, namely PTC electric heating element 2 can be fixed in the thermal trough 160 and with thermal trough 160 and form good contacting.Described fixed electrode 22 is made by electric conducting material, preferably adopts the large metal of hardness to make, such as: can be aluminium, gold, stainless steel, aluminium alloy etc.The upper end of fixed electrode 22 is extended with for the leading-out terminal 221 that connects power supply, and leading-out terminal 221 can be fixed on the fixed electrode 22 by welding or riveting method.For guaranteeing between PTC heating component 20 and the fixed electrode 22 better the contact to be arranged, the area of fixed electrode 22 is more than or equal to the area of PTC heating component 20.In other embodiment of the present utility model, the area of fixed electrode 22 is greater than the area of PTC heating component 20 under the preferable case, and extend to form up and/or down extension, between the extension of two fixed electrodes 22, locate to fill heat conduction embedding blob of viscose 25, described heat conduction embedding blob of viscose 25 can adopt organic silicon potting adhesive, polyurethane pouring sealant, epoxy resin embedding adhesive etc. to make, play the effect with 22 insulation of two fixed electrodes, avoid short circuit.
Such as Figure 6 and Figure 7, described PTC electric heating element 2 further comprises the insulating barrier 23 of being located at fixed electrode 22 outsides, the cross section of insulating barrier 23 becomes U-shaped, coats lateral surface and the bottom surface of described two fixed electrodes 22, with electric insulation fixed electrode 22 and thermal trough 160.And insulating barrier 23 is the insulating heat-conductive film, adopts insulation and the good material of thermal conductivity to make, and is unlikely to lose the heat of transmission, such as: adopt organic silicon rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, ceramic insulating material etc. to make.
Skilled in the art will recognize that, need to insulate between battery lead plate and the thermal trough 160, the insulating method that the utility model adopts is for arranging insulating heat-conductive film 23 between fixed electrode 22 and thermal trough 160, yet, when the PTC electric heating element embedded in the thermal trough 160, insulating heat-conductive film 23 suffered shearing forces damaged insulating heat-conductive film 23 more easily.Thereby in the preferred case, PTC electric heating element 2 of the present utility model also comprises synovial membrane 24, and described synovial membrane 24 is coated on the outer surface of insulating heat-conductive film 23.Described synovial membrane adopts higher, the ganoid material of intensity to be made, and can be organic polymer thin film or metallic film, such as: polyimide film, copper film etc.Adopt synovial membrane 24 to be coated on the outer surface of insulating heat-conductive film 23, and then with in the PTC electric heating element 2 embedding thermal troughs 160, can effectively protect insulating heat-conductive film 23 not to be damaged.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that when PTC electric heating element 2 comprises several PTC elements several PTC elements are owing to existing variable thickness to cause or placement location is improper etc. that factor is difficult to fix; And because the PTC element is very sensitive to temperature, the heating effect of several PTC elements is incomplete same, and several PTC elements can influence each other if be in contact with one another when work, cause the performance of these several PTC elements to can not get bringing into play fully.In addition, the PTC element is used for electric motor car, requiring the PTC element is high pressure P TC element, in hyperbaric environment, phenomenon for fear of occurring the arcing discharge between two battery lead plates reaches safety standard, requires very strict to the spacing between two battery lead plates, yet increase by two spacings between the battery lead plate, can cause the volume of PTC element excessive.Another improvements of the present utility model are, described PTC heating component 20 comprises several PTC elements 27 and insulation fixed frame 26, described insulation fixed frame 26 is formed with several fixed cells 260, described several PTC elements 27 are individually fixed in described several fixed cells 260, the setting of described insulation fixed frame 26 can be isolated fixing described several PTC elements 27, so that accessing preferably, fix by described several PTC elements 27, and influencing each other when reducing 27 work of PTC element is so that the power of PTC element 27 is fully played.
Shown in Fig. 8-10, specifically, PTC heating component 20 is the devices that produce heat in the PTC electric heating element 2, preferably include at least two PTC elements 27, in the present embodiment, comprise six PTC elements 27, described PTC element 27 can adopt existing PTC element, be preferably ceramic PTC, have the conductive electrode (not shown) that arranges by modes such as spraying, printings in the relative both side surface of ceramic PTC, described conductive electrode is preferably silver electrode; In the utility model, the quantity of PTC element 27 that described PTC heating component 20 comprises can arrange according to the power of electric heater unit, to satisfy the needs of electric heater unit.
PTC electric heating element 2 of the present utility model also comprises insulation fixed frame 26, described insulation fixed frame 26 several PTC elements 27 on being installed on insulation fixed frame 26 form PTC heating component 20, be positioned between first, second electrode assemblie, so that several PTC elements 27 are fixed between insulation fixed frame 26 and first, second electrode assemblie preferably.Consult Fig. 8-10, described insulation fixed frame 26 comprises several the first divider 261 and several second dividers 262, described several the first divider 261 parallel interval settings, described several the second divider 262 parallel interval settings, and described the first divider 261 and the 262 square crossing settings of described the second divider; Described several fixed cells 260 are separated to form by described several first dividers 261 and several second dividers 262.As shown in figure 10, in the present embodiment, insulation fixed frame 26 comprises two the first dividers 261, three the second dividers 262, described two the first distances that divider 261 parallels and the interval is certain, similarly, described three the second distances that divider 262 parallels and the interval is certain, and described two the first dividers 261 are perpendicular and crossing with three the second dividers 262 respectively; Described two the first dividers 261 and three the second dividers 262 form six fixed cells 260, can be used for installing six PTC elements 27.Be understandable that, can determine according to the quantity of the required PTC element 27 of PTC electric heating element 2 quantity of fixed cell 260, and then determine the first required divider 261, the quantity of the second divider 262, the insulation fixed frame 26 that formation is complementary, the insulation fixed frame 26 in being not limited to illustrate.
In the present embodiment, described two the first dividers 261 are along the Width setting of PTC element 27, in the preferred case, the spacing between two the first dividers 261 equals the width of PTC element 27, so that described PTC element 27 is located effectively at Width; Described three the second dividers 262 are along the length direction setting of PTC element 27, and in the preferred case, the spacing between three the second dividers 262 equals the length of PTC element 27, so that described PTC element 27 is located in the longitudinal direction effectively.It is worth mentioning that, separate by described the first divider 261 or the second divider 262 between two adjacent PTC elements 27.As shown in figure 10, two adjacent on Width PTC elements 27 separate by the first divider 261, and two adjacent in the longitudinal direction PTC elements 27 separate by the second divider 262.By the PTC element 27 of the first divider 261 or the second divider 262 space between adjacent, influencing each other in the time of can reducing 27 work of PTC element improves the power of PTC element 27, so that the performance of PTC element 27 is fully played.
Such as Fig. 6 and shown in Figure 8, in the utility model, described insulation fixed frame 26 is fixed between two fixed electrodes 22, and can be by binding agent and shell fragment electrode 21(or fixed electrode) between realize that bonding is fixing.Thereby the thickness of insulation fixed frame 26 equals the thickness of PTC element 27, be the thickness that the thickness of described several first dividers 261 and/or several the second dividers 262 equals PTC element 27, so that insulation fixed frame 26 is fixed between the contact electrode reliably and then reliable fixing PTC element, and do not affect PTC element and shell fragment electrode 21(or fixed electrode) between form good contact; Described PTC element 27 is separated the location by described insulation fixed frame 26 on length, Width, be folded between two shell fragment electrodes 21 at thickness direction, so that several PTC elements 27 are fixed effectively.
Skilled in the art will recognize that, when the PTC electric heating element is used for hyperbaric environment, for fear of the phenomenon that occurs the arcing discharge between first, second electrode assemblie, reach safety standard, very strict to the requirement of the spacing between first, second electrode assemblie, cause the volume of PTC electric heating element excessive.In the utility model, high temperature resistant by adopting, high voltage bearing material is made insulation fixed frame 26, can increase the withstand voltage properties between first, second electrode assemblie, reduce the arcing electric discharge phenomena between first, second electrode assemblie, avoid PTC element 27 breakdown.In the utility model, the employing conductive coefficient is 0.02W/(mK) ~ 5.0W/(mK) organic polymer, for example: adopt organosilicon or polyimides, make and have insulation fixed frame 26 high temperature resistant, high voltage performance.The preferred injection molding process of the moulding process of described insulation fixed frame 26; Can effectively improve the insulating properties between first, second electrode assemblie of high pressure P TC electric heating element 2 by above-mentioned insulation fixed frame 26, so that PTC electric heating element 2 of the present utility model can be applicable to hyperbaric environment, security performance is high.
The utility model also provides a kind of electric heater unit, described electric heater unit comprises housing 1 and several PTC electric heating elements 2, described housing 1 is formed with several thermal troughs 160, be used for holding medium and for the torus 12 of medium circulation, and being used for of being communicated with torus medium is supplied to the import 13 in the described torus and is used for medium is directed to the outer outlet 14 of described torus, described torus 12 is with respect to described thermal trough 160 sealing settings; Described PTC electric heating element 2 is aforesaid PTC electric heating element 2, and in the present embodiment, described thermal trough 160 is dovetail groove, and its two sides are the inclined-plane, and described PTC electric heating element 2 is installed in the described dovetail groove 160 and is suitable with described dovetail groove 160.Described PTC electric heating element 2 is embedded in the thermal trough 160, and the heat that produces is conducted to thermal trough 160.Thermal trough 160 not only plays the effect that medium and PTC electric heating element 160 are kept apart, and also plays the effect of conduction heat simultaneously, so thermal trough 160 adopts the metal with good heat conductive performance to make, and is preferably in the present embodiment aluminum or aluminum alloy.Thermal trough 160 has the cross section that is trapezoidal, can satisfy demoulding needs, is convenient to again install PTC electric heating element 2 and forms good contacting with PTC electric heating element 2.
Installation and the use procedure of the PTC electric heating element 2 of the utility model preferred embodiment, insulation fixed frame 26 is placed on the shell fragment electrode 21 of the first electrode assemblie, then PTC element 27 is positioned over respectively in the fixed cell 260 of insulation fixed frame 26, and then with the second electrode assemblie place the insulation fixed frame 26 opposite side, and the heat conduction casting glue is filled by the edge between two electrode assemblies, then insulating heat-conductive film 23 is coated lateral surface and the bottom surface of two fixed electrodes 22, outer surface at insulating heat-conductive film 23 coats synovial membrane 24 again, forms PTC electric heating element 2.Above-mentioned mounted PTC electric heating element 2 is embedded in the thermal trough 160, during use, pass into medium from the import 13 of housing, and plugged, PTC element 27 begins heating, heat is passed to medium by battery lead plate 23, insulating barrier 23, thermal trough 160, and medium flows out from the outlet 14 of housing 1, and heat is taken away for the heating in the car, defrosting, demist etc.
As from the foregoing, at first, contain at least a two-way shell fragment electrode in the PTC electric heating element of electric heater unit of the present utility model, can replenish at both direction the thickness deviation of PTC element 27, guarantee to form between PTC element 27 and first, second electrode assemblie good contact, and it can solve the thickness difference of each PTC element by the two-way shell fragment electrode of special construction, reduce contact resistance, improve the power of PTC electric heating element.The array that forms for a plurality of PTC elements especially, contact is better, be not easy to cause arcing, can not cause the PTC element to burst, improved the fail safe of PTC element, power on/off is lasting, and particularly two-way elastic piece structure of the present utility model can not only well play the effect of Elastic Contact, and can avoid the injury to PTC element surface electrode.
Secondly, the fixed electrode of the electrode assemblie of the PTC electric heating element of the electric heater unit of the utility model preferred embodiment is trapezoidal electrode, described thermal trough is dovetail groove, and its two sides are the inclined-plane, and described PTC electric heating element is installed in the described dovetail groove and is suitable with described dovetail groove; So that described PTC electric heating element need to can firmly not be installed in the thermal trough by fixture (pressure elements), the heat that the PTC electric heating element produces all can be directly be delivered to medium in the torus by thermal trough, thermal loss is less, and can effectively save the PTC electric heating element installing space, alleviate quality; So that adopt the heat efficiency of the electric heater unit of this PTC electric heating element effectively to be improved, can be used to preferably electric motor car heating, defrosting, demist and need the parts heating of thermal source for other.
Again, the PTC electric heating element of the utility model preferred embodiment also comprises synovial membrane, adopts synovial membrane to be coated on the outer surface of insulating heat-conductive film, and then the PTC electric heating element is embedded in the thermal trough, can effectively protect the insulating heat-conductive film not to be damaged.
In addition, the PTC electric heating element of the electric heater unit of the utility model preferred embodiment forms several fixed cells by the insulation fixed frame is set, several PTC elements are individually fixed in described several fixed cells, can so that these several PTC elements fixed preferably, and separate by several fixed cells between these several PTC elements, influence each other in the time of can reducing the work of PTC element, so that the heating properties of PTC element is fully played, heating power is effectively promoted, so that adopt the heat efficiency of the electric heater unit of this PTC electric heating element effectively to be improved, can be used to preferably the electric motor car heating, defrosting, demist and need the parts heating of thermal source for other.In addition, because described insulation fixed frame adopts high temperature resistant, high pressure resistant material to be made, increased the withstand voltage properties between the electrode assemblie, can reduce the phenomenon of two arcing discharges between the electrode assemblie, avoid the PTC element because the arcing discharge is breakdown, so that PTC electric heating element of the present utility model can be applicable to hyperbaric environment, security performance is high, guarantees that the PTC heating component can use in high-pressure system (electric motor car) for a long time safely.
Be understandable that the PTC electric heating element of electric heater unit of the present utility model is PTC electric heating element unlike the prior art, its housing then can adopt the structure of the housing similar to the housing of existing electric heater unit.But the import of the housing of existing general electric calorifie installation and outlet are arranged on the place, opposite end of housing along its length, the length of the torus that partition wall separation housing forms is the length of housing, the recess that is used for maintenance PTC electric heating element also is the length direction setting along housing, when passing through torus, described medium centers on described recess in two side flow, medium flows through torus from the import of housing one side and flows out from the outlet of opposite side, the circulation path of medium in torus is straight line path, circulation path is short, the time of the heat of absorption PTC electric heating element is also shorter, medium can not absorb heat preferably, causes the heat efficiency of electric calorifie installation lower.Thereby, in preferred embodiment of the present utility model, in order further to improve the heat efficiency of electric heater unit, the structure that another mainly improves the housing of mentioning in the structure that is housing 1 and the background technology of the present utility model is different, so that the circulation path of medium in torus 12 is different from the circulation path of torus of the prior art, circulation path is longer.
Further, consult Fig. 1, Figure 11-13, described housing 1 comprises the first housing 15, is installed on the second housing 16 on the first housing 15.Described the first housing 15 is the hollow cuboid of end face opening, adopt the insulation material to be made, comprise base plate 150 and four sidewalls that arrange around described base plate 150, and in the first housing 15, be formed with containing cavity 155, described four sidewalls are vertical or be approximately perpendicular to described base plate 150 and arrange, described four sidewalls comprise the first side wall 151, the second sidewall 152, the 3rd sidewall 153 and the 4th sidewall 154, wherein, two sidewalls that described the first side wall 151 and the second sidewall 152 are oppositely arranged for the length direction along the first housing 15, two sidewalls that the 3rd sidewall 153 and the 4th sidewall 154 are oppositely arranged for the Width along the first housing 15.Also be provided with on described the first housing 15 for medium being supplied to the import 13 in the housing and being used for medium is directed to the outer outlet 14 of described housing, be understandable that, for the circulation distance and the time that make medium longer, described import 13 and outlet 14 should be arranged at two positions relatively far away on the first housing 15, such as Figure 11, shown in Figure 12, the two ends of described the second sidewall 152 are located in described import 13 and outlet 14; Be understandable that in other embodiment of the present utility model, described import 13 and outlet 14 also can be located at the two ends of the first side wall 151, perhaps import 13 and outlet 14 are arranged at respectively on the 3rd sidewall 153 and the 4th sidewall 154 (consulting Fig. 1).
Described the second housing 16 is installed on the first housing 15, the second housing 16 comprises and roughly is flat connecting wall 161, the partition wall 162 that is arranged with in the containing cavity 155 of the first housing 15 by connecting wall 161, and be separated to form and be connected in several thermal troughs 160 on the described connecting wall 161 by partition wall 162, described thermal trough 160 is used for installing PTC electric heating element 2, as mentioned above, described thermal trough 160 is dovetail groove, its at least one side is the inclined-plane, in the present embodiment, its two sides are the inclined-plane, and described PTC electric heating element 2 is installed in the described dovetail groove 160 and is suitable with described dovetail groove 160.Thermal trough 160 not only plays the effect that medium and PTC electric heating element are kept apart, and also plays the effect of conduction heat simultaneously, so thermal trough 160 made by the material with good heat conductive performance, such as metal, is preferably in the present embodiment aluminum or aluminum alloy.The openend of described thermal trough 160 is connected with described connecting wall 161, and thermal trough 160 extend in the containing cavity 155 of described the first housing 15.As shown in Figure 1, described several thermal troughs 160 are separated to form by partition wall 162, described several thermal trough 160 common heating chambers 11 that are used for heat medium that form.Described connecting wall 161, partition wall 162 are preferably one-body molded, all adopt the material of good heat conductive performance to make, to form reliable in structure, thermal trough 160 that heat conductivility is good.
Be understandable that described partition wall 162 is divided into the containing cavity 155 of the first housing 15 for the heating chamber 11 of placing the PTC electric heating element and for the torus 12 that holds medium and pass through for media flow.Consult Fig. 1, in the utility model, described torus 12 comprises several cycling elements 120, and described several cycling elements 120 are formed between partition wall 162 and the first housing 15, and is positioned at the below of connecting wall 161.Wherein, outermost cycling element 120 is formed between outermost thermal trough 160 and the first housing 15; Middle cycling element 120 is formed between adjacent two thermal troughs 160 and the first housing 15.Described thermal trough 160 for sealing arranges, causes damage to avoid medium to PTC electric heating element 2 with respect to described cycling element 120.
In the utility model, for described several cycling elements 120 are connected, the more important thing is, make long MEDIA FLOW path in order to form, the utility model by make several thermal troughs 160 respectively and the first side wall 151 of the first housing 15 or the second sidewall 152 between be formed with passage 17(and consult Figure 13, what the label of Figure 13 marked only is the position of passage 17, be understandable that, passage 17 is positioned at enclosure interior), so that several cycling elements 120 are connected by described passage 17 and the torus 12 in forming curves path, after flowing into from import 13, medium flows through torus 12 at torus 12 in the mode of circulation, circulation path is than linear flow path path length, medium flows through with curved path at above-mentioned torus 12, and medium flows around it around thermal trough 160, can effectively absorb the heat that thermal trough 160 interior PTC electric heating elements 2 produce, the time of absorbing heat is long, and heat absorption efficiency is high.In the preferred case, described several thermal troughs 160 comprise several the first thermal trough 1601 and several second thermal troughs 1602, described several first thermal troughs 1601 and several second thermal troughs 1602 are arranged alternately, wherein, the first thermal trough 1601 is connected with the first side wall 151, and and the second sidewall 152 between be formed with passage 17, the second thermal troughs 1602 and be connected with the second sidewall 152, and and the first side wall 151 between be formed with passage 17; So that described several cycling elements 120 are connected by described passage 17 and form S type torus 12.Mode with circulation after medium flows into from import 13 flows through S type torus 12 then from exporting 14 outflows, and S type torus 12 S-shaped circulation paths are imports 13 and export circulation path the longest between 14; Thereby, the electric heater unit of present embodiment adopts the housing with S type torus 12, medium flows through in the mode of above-mentioned torus 12 with circulation, the circulation flow path path length, and medium flows around it around thermal trough 160, can effectively absorb the heat that thermal trough 160 interior PTC electric heating elements 2 produce, and the time of absorbing heat is long, heat absorption efficiency is high, so that adopt the heat efficiency of the electric heater unit of this housing effectively to be improved.In the present embodiment, thermal trough 160 is nine, wherein, the first thermal trough 1601 is five, and the second thermal trough 1602 is four, is understandable that, the magnitude setting of described the first thermal trough, the second thermal trough can be determined according to the electric heater unit needs, to place the PTC electric heating element of suitable quantity.
In the utility model, preferably, described several thermal troughs 160 arrange in mode parallel to each other along the length direction of described the second housing 16, be that thermal trough 160 is along the Width setting of described the second housing 16, owing to be formed with passage between thermal trough 160 and the first side wall or the second sidewall, thereby its length is slightly less than the width of the second housing 16.Arranging rationally of the thermal trough 160 of this structure, magnitude setting is more, can better place PTC electric heating element 2, when described medium passes through torus 12, in the both sides of described thermal trough 160 or three sides of thermal trough 160 (comprising both sides and bottom) flow, more thermal trough 160 is set, can makes medium obtain more heat, improve the heat efficiency of electric heater unit.Be understandable that, described thermal trough 160 also can arrange in mode parallel to each other along the Width of the second housing 16, correspondingly, described the first side wall and the second sidewall two sidewalls for being oppositely arranged along the first housing Width, it is pointed out that to form and have longer circulation path (for example: the shell structure form of torus curved path) all can be used for the utility model.But compare, described thermal trough 160 arranges in mode parallel to each other along the length direction of described the second housing 16, and arranging of thermal trough 160 is rational in infrastructure, also is more convenient for installing PTC electric heating element 2.
In the utility model, preferably, described the second housing 16 extends upward and is provided with flange 163, described flange 163 places on the first housing 15, and the upper end of described the first housing 15 is provided with connector 156, correspondingly be provided with installing hole 166 on the flange 163 of the second housing 16, described connector 156 passes installing hole 166 and described the second housing 16 is installed on the first housing 15 and with described the first housing 15 is connected, junction at described the first housing 15 and the second housing 16 is provided with sealing ring 3, can not leak from the junction of the first housing 15 and the second housing 16 so that enter the medium of the first housing 15.
In the present embodiment, several thermal troughs 160 on described the second housing 16 stretch in the containing cavity 155 of described the first housing 15, correspondingly be provided with fixture block 157 in described the first housing 15, two adjacent fixture blocks 157 are formed for the fixedly installation portion of thermal trough 160, several thermal trough 160 correspondences on described the second housing 16 place described installation portion so that described the second housing 16 is more reliable with being connected of the first housing 15.In addition, in other preferred embodiment of the present utility model, can also be provided with fixture block at described several thermal troughs 160, the bottom surface that is arranged at thermal trough 160 of described fixture block and at least one side of thermal trough 160, fixture block width is set less than the width of thermal trough 160.Correspondingly be provided with draw-in groove in described the first housing 15, described draw-in groove correspondingly is formed at four sidewalls of described the first housing 15, the inboard of base plate 150, and described fixture block is installed in the described draw-in groove, so that described thermal trough 160 is fixed in the containing cavity 155.And the base plate 150 of the fixture block on the thermal trough 160 and the first housing 15, draw-in groove on the first side wall 151 or the second sidewall 152 is connected, wherein, fixture block on the first thermal trough 1601 and the first side wall 151, draw-in groove on the base plate 150 is connected, the junction gapless of described fixture block and described draw-in groove, only between described the first thermal trough 1601 and the second sidewall 152, be formed with passage, similarly, described the second thermal trough 1602 only and be formed with passage 17 between the first side wall 151, several cycling elements 120 are connected by described passage 17, thereby so that medium is interior when mobile at torus 12, flow by the passage 17 between thermal trough 160 and the first side wall 151 or the second sidewall 152, order flows in both sides or three sides (comprising the part bottom surface) of several thermal troughs 160 successively along several cycling elements 120, circulation path is longer, and medium flows around it around thermal trough 160, can effectively absorb the heat that thermal trough 160 interior PTC electric heating elements produce.
In the present embodiment, the size of described PTC electric heating element 2 is corresponding to the size of each thermal trough 160, be embedded with a PTC electric heating element 2 in each thermal trough 160, be understandable that, when the Width of described several thermal troughs 160 along housing arranges in mode parallel to each other, this moment, the length of thermal trough 160 was longer, and the PTC electric heating element more than two or two need to be installed in thermal trough 160, and described PTC electric heating element adopts PTC electric heating element of the present utility model.
The below introduces installation and the use procedure of electric heater unit of the present utility model, PTC electric heating element 2 is embedded in the thermal trough 160 by anchor clamps, and then the second housing 16 is installed to opening part and the sealed open of the first housing 15, several thermal troughs 160 are inserted in the containing cavity 155 of the first housing 15, form torus 12, during use, pass into medium from the import 13 of the first housing 15, and with PTC electric heating element 2 pluggeds, PTC element 27 begins heating, heat is by shell fragment electrode 21, fixed electrode 22, insulating barrier 23, synovial membrane 24, thermal trough 160 is passed to medium, medium after obtaining heating in torus 12 flows out from the outlet 14 of the first housing 15, and heat is taken away for the heating in the car, defrosting, demist etc.
The utility model also provides a kind of electric motor car, comprise the air conditioning and heating system, described air conditioning and heating system comprises electric heater unit provided by the utility model, and the heat exchanger that is connected with electric heater unit, MEDIA FLOW is carried out the heat collection through electric heater unit, medium behind the absorbing heat enters heat exchanger, by heat exchanger thermal release is carried out heating in the car, defrosting, demist.
As from the foregoing, the housing of the electric heater unit of the utility model preferred embodiment comprises the first housing, is installed on the second housing in the first housing, heating chamber comprises several thermal troughs that the partition wall by the second housing is separated to form, and torus comprises several cycling elements that are formed between partition wall and the first housing; Several thermal troughs are formed with passage respectively and between the first side wall of the first housing or the second sidewall, several cycling elements are by the be connected torus (being preferably formed S type torus) in forming curves path of described passage, medium flows through in the mode of above-mentioned torus with circulation, circulation path is longer, contact area is large, and medium flows around it around thermal trough, can effectively absorb the heat that the PTC electric heating element produces in the thermal trough, the time of absorbing heat is long, heat absorption efficiency is high, further improves the heat efficiency of electric heater unit.
Performance test:
Embodiment 1
Adopt the shell fragment electrode shown in the accompanying drawing 5 (mode that adopts the line cutting to lift makes), by above-mentioned assembling PTC electric heating element, the PTC heating component becomes array by 9 PTC element arrangements, adopts high voltage source (can read the power supply of output voltage and electric current), two of low-tension supplies, data collecting instrument (collecting temperature), flowmeter, BYD-F6 vehicle air conditioning box body.High-voltage power voltage 400V is set, blower voltage 12V, water pump voltage is so that flow is 10L/min (25 ℃); System and ambient temperature stabilize to 25 ± 3 ℃; Open simultaneously high voltage source and data collecting instrument; Record current data and temperature data.PTC electric heating element maximum current, stabling current, power and power on/off life-span that test makes, test result such as table 1.
Comparative Examples 1
Shell fragment electrode among the embodiment 1 is replaced to the sheet metal of 6 bendings, the material of sheet metal is identical with the shell fragment electrode material, maximum current, stabling current, power and the power on/off life-span of adopting the method identical with embodiment 1 to test the PTC electric heating element that makes, test result such as table 2.
Table 1
Annotate: U Heating member=400VDC; L Water pump=10L/min (25 ℃); U Blower fan=12VDC
Table 2
Annotate: U Heating member=400VDC; L Water pump=10L/min (25 ℃); U Blower fan=12VDC
The maximum current of PTC electric heating element of the present utility model and stabling current are all larger, reduce contact resistance, and power are higher, has improved the power of PTC electric heating element, durable power on/off of while, and 10000 power on/off tests are without the puncture short phenomenon.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit the utility model; all any modifications of within spirit of the present utility model and principle, doing, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., all should be included within the protection range of the present utility model.

Claims (34)

1. a PTC electric heating element is characterized in that, described PTC electric heating element comprises the PTC heating component, is located at first, second electrode assemblie of PTC heating component both sides, and the insulating barrier of being located at first, second electrode assemblie outside;
Described first, second electrode assemblie comprises fixed electrode;
Described the first electrode assemblie also comprises the shell fragment electrode, and described shell fragment electrode all electrically contacts with the fixed electrode of PTC heating component and the first electrode assemblie between the fixed electrode of PTC heating component and the first electrode assemblie;
And/or described the second electrode assemblie also comprises the shell fragment electrode, and described shell fragment electrode all electrically contacts with the fixed electrode of PTC heating component and the second electrode assemblie between the fixed electrode of PTC heating component and the second electrode assemblie;
Described shell fragment electrode is two-way shell fragment electrode, described two-way shell fragment electrode comprises electrode matrix and is positioned at contact electrode on the electrode matrix, described contact electrode comprises the contact flat spring on projection electrode matrix plane, and described contact flat spring comprises a plurality of, lays respectively at the both sides of electrode matrix.
2. PTC electric heating element according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described the first electrode assemblie and the second electrode assemblie all also comprise the shell fragment electrode.
3. PTC electric heating element according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described electrode matrix and contact electrode are formed in one.
4. PTC electric heating element according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described contact flat spring is the partial electrode matrix on projection electrode matrix plane.
5. PTC electric heating element according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described contact flat spring is for to have otch to lift respectively the partial electrode matrix on projection electrode matrix plane to the electrode matrix both sides in incision at electrode matrix.
6. PTC electric heating element according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described contact flat spring is for there being " bow " notched cut at electrode matrix, lift respectively the partial electrode matrix on projection electrode matrix plane to the electrode matrix both sides in " bow " notched cut place, the top and the bottom electrode matrix of described " bow " font lifts outstanding from a side of electrode matrix, the mid portion electrode matrix of described " bow " font lifts outstanding from the opposite side of electrode matrix.
7. PTC electric heating element according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described shell fragment electrode makes by the conductor sheet material that line cutting or stamping-out have high-temperature oxidation resistance and high-yield strength.
8. PTC electric heating element according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the contact flat spring of described contact electrode projection electrode matrix both side surface comprises the first contact flat spring and the second contact flat spring;
Described the first contact flat spring is between PTC heating component and the electrode matrix, electrically contacts with the PTC heating component;
Described the second contact flat spring is between fixed electrode and the electrode matrix, electrically contacts with fixed electrode;
The number of described the first contact flat spring is greater than the number of the second contact flat spring.
9. PTC electric heating element according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described the first contact flat spring comprises two; Described the second contact flat spring comprises one.
10. PTC electric heating element according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described contact flat spring and electrode matrix interplanar have angle.
11. PTC electric heating element according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the outstanding height of described contact flat spring is 0.01 ~ 0.2mm.
12. PTC electric heating element according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the thickness of described electrode matrix is 0.1 ~ 0.6mm.
13. PTC electric heating element according to claim 1 is characterized in that described contact electrode comprises a plurality of, is evenly distributed on the electrode matrix.
14. PTC electric heating element according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described PTC heating component comprises a plurality of PTC elements, also be provided with some slits on the described electrode matrix, described slit is divided into some elastic regions of integrated connection with electrode matrix, is equipped with contact electrode on each elastic region.
15. PTC electric heating element according to claim 14 is characterized in that, the area of single elastic region is identical with single PTC element area, and the number of elastic region is identical with the number of PTC element.
16. PTC electric heating element according to claim 14 is characterized in that, the contact electrode number on each elastic region is two, is symmetrically distributed on the elastic region with respect to the center line of each elastic region.
17. PTC electric heating element according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described shell fragment electrode welding is at the inner surface of fixed electrode towards the PTC heating component.
18. PTC electric heating element according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described shell fragment electrode is fixed between PTC heating component and the fixed electrode by securing member.
19. PTC electric heating element according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the fixed electrode of described the first electrode assemblie and/or the second electrode assemblie is trapezoidal electrode, and described trapezoidal electrode is vertical plane towards the medial surface of PTC heating component, is the inclined-plane towards the lateral surface of insulating barrier.
20. PTC electric heating element according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described insulating barrier is the insulating heat-conductive film, and described insulating heat-conductive film is coated on lateral surface and the bottom surface of described first, second electrode assemblie.
21. PTC electric heating element according to claim 20 is characterized in that, described insulating heat-conductive film is for adopting a kind of rete of making in organic silicon rubber, the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber.
22. PTC electric heating element according to claim 20 is characterized in that, described PTC electric heating element also comprises synovial membrane, and described synovial membrane is coated on the outer surface of insulating heat-conductive film.
23. PTC electric heating element according to claim 22 is characterized in that, described synovial membrane is polyimide film or copper foil membrane.
24. PTC electric heating element according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the area of described fixed electrode is greater than the area of PTC heating component, and extends to form extension; Be filled with heat conduction embedding blob of viscose between the extension of described two fixed electrodes.
25. PTC electric heating element according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described PTC heating component comprises insulation fixed frame and several PTC elements, and described insulation fixed frame is formed with several fixed cells, and described several PTC elements are individually fixed in described several fixed cells.
26. PTC electric heating element according to claim 25, it is characterized in that, described insulation fixed frame comprises several first dividers and several second dividers, described several the first divider parallel interval arrange, described several the second divider parallel interval arrange, and described the first divider and described the second divider square crossing setting; Described several fixed cells are separated to form by described several first dividers and several second dividers.
27. PTC electric heating element according to claim 26 is characterized in that, separates by described the first divider or the second divider between two adjacent PTC elements.
28. PTC electric heating element according to claim 26 is characterized in that, described several first dividers are along the Width setting of PTC element, and the spacing between two adjacent the first dividers equals the width of PTC element; Described several second dividers are along the length direction setting of PTC element, and the spacing between two adjacent the second dividers equals the length of PTC element; The thickness of described several first dividers and/or several the second dividers equals the thickness of PTC element.
29. electric heater unit, comprise housing and be positioned at some PTC electric heating elements of housing, described housing is formed with several thermal troughs, be used for holding medium and medium supplied to the import in the described torus and be used for medium is directed to the outer outlet of described torus for the torus of medium circulation and being used for of being communicated with torus, and described torus is with respect to described thermal trough sealing setting; It is characterized in that described PTC electric heating element is that described PTC electric heating element is installed in the described thermal trough such as the described PTC electric heating element of claim 1-28 any one.
30. electric heater unit according to claim 29, it is characterized in that, described fixed electrode is trapezoidal electrode, described trapezoidal electrode is vertical plane towards the medial surface of PTC heating component, lateral surface towards insulating barrier is the inclined-plane, described thermal trough is dovetail groove, and the two sides of described thermal trough are the inclined-plane; The lateral surface of described fixed electrode and the side of described thermal trough are suitable.
31. electric heater unit according to claim 29, it is characterized in that, described housing comprises the first housing, is installed on the second housing on the first housing, described several thermal troughs are set on described the second housing, described several thermal troughs extend in described the first housing, form torus between described several thermal troughs and the first housing, described import and outlet are located on the first housing.
32. electric heater unit according to claim 31 is characterized in that, described the second housing comprises connecting wall and partition wall, and described partition wall is separated to form described several thermal troughs, and the openend of described several thermal troughs is connected with described connecting wall; Described torus comprises several cycling elements, and described several cycling elements are formed between partition wall and the first housing; Described the first housing comprises the first side wall and the second sidewall, and described several thermal troughs are formed with passage respectively and between described the first side wall or the second sidewall, and described several cycling elements are connected by described passage.
33. electric heater unit according to claim 32, it is characterized in that, described several thermal troughs comprise several first thermal troughs and several second thermal troughs, described several first thermal troughs and several second thermal troughs are arranged alternately, wherein, the first thermal trough is connected with the first side wall, and and the second sidewall between be formed with passage, the second thermal trough is connected with the second sidewall, and and the first side wall between be formed with passage.
34. an electric motor car comprises the air conditioning and heating system, it is characterized in that, described air conditioning and heating system comprises such as the described electric heater unit of claim 29-33 any one.
CN 201220370965 2012-07-30 2012-07-30 PTC electric heating element, electric heater unit and electric car Expired - Lifetime CN202799198U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014000666A1 (en) * 2012-06-27 2014-01-03 Shenzhen Byd Auto R&D Company Limited Ptc electric heating assembly, electric heating device and electric vehicle
CN108447635A (en) * 2018-05-08 2018-08-24 上海克拉电子有限公司 A kind of aluminum shell PTC braking resistors
CN110225605A (en) * 2019-06-06 2019-09-10 上海奉天电子股份有限公司 A kind of heating element for the PTC electric calorifie installation in electric vehicle

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014000666A1 (en) * 2012-06-27 2014-01-03 Shenzhen Byd Auto R&D Company Limited Ptc electric heating assembly, electric heating device and electric vehicle
CN108447635A (en) * 2018-05-08 2018-08-24 上海克拉电子有限公司 A kind of aluminum shell PTC braking resistors
CN110225605A (en) * 2019-06-06 2019-09-10 上海奉天电子股份有限公司 A kind of heating element for the PTC electric calorifie installation in electric vehicle

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