CN202783679U - Power assisting bicycle with flywheel provided with sensor with multiple magnetic blocks nonuniformly distributed in magnetic flux - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a power assisting bicycle with a flywheel provided with a sensor with multiple magnetic blocks nonuniformly distributed in magnetic flux. The power assisting bicycle is an electric power assisting bicycle with multi-point magnetic sensing providing power assisting signals. The sensor comprises a sensing element, a power assisting model processor, a digital-to-analog converter and an operation amplifier in sequential connection, multiple permanent-magnetic blocks opposite in magnetic polarity of adjacent permanent-magnetic blocks are fixedly arranged on the flywheel serving as the sensing element, some of the permanent-magnetic blocks are different in magnetic flux, a hall of the sensing element is arranged on a frame close to the permanent-magnetic blocks, and the operation amplifier is connected with a motor controller. The power assisting bicycle with the flywheel provided with the sensor with the multiple magnetic blocks nonuniformly distributed in magnetic flux has the advantages that the hall can obtain rectangular wave signals, so that the power assisting bicycle is convenient for the sensor to output a manually set power assisting model through digital processing and rational in power assisting starting point, ending point and power, and man-machine cooperation and electricity saving are realized.

Description

Establish the morpet of many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer on the flywheel

Technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of morpet, particularly relates at rotatable parts carrying out the electric assisted bicycle that multi-point magnetic induction provides the power-assisted signal.

Background technology

The Chinese patent 201020295192.0 " colluding pawl formula moment sensor " of Yebao Vehicle Material Industry's application discloses a kind of morpet sensing device, sensing device comprises that magnetic part and elastic component cooperate, and experience the sensing device of moment.After period of service was long, the elasticity modulus variation of elastic component will cause the control effect of transducing signal and controlled motor to change, and the power-assisted effect becomes and need to mismatch with people's power-assisted.And complicated with the project organization of elastic component, manufacturing cost is high.

The Chinese patent 01201843.0 " automatic detecting device of electric booster bicycle " of University of Science ﹠ Technology, Beijing's application discloses a kind of automatic detecting device of electric booster bicycle, the no touch detection is pedaled power, speed and is turned to, this device is established respectively magnetic sheet on the inside and outside wheel disc of relative motion, on the interior wheel disc spring is arranged, use spring reset between the inside and outside wheel disc, survey electric signal that the magnetic sheet of relative motion on the inside and outside wheel disc produces with two Halls on the support and represent to pedal power, speed and turn to.

Shortcoming (1) is not durable with elastic component: after period of service was long, the elasticity modulus variation of elastic component will cause the control effect of transducing signal and controlled motor to change, and the power-assisted effect becomes and need to mismatch with people's power-assisted, complex structure, and cost is high.

Each magnetic sheet group of shortcoming (2) is identical and the magnetic pole set-up mode is all identical, and can not represent the separately position of different magnetic sheet groups, can not express the special power-assisted demand of diverse location: from Fig. 3 of 01201843.0 patent, 4,5,6 and the record explanation of the 2nd section of Instructions Page 2, each magnetic sheet group (comprises a magnetic sheet 4, a magnetic sheet 5, a magnetic sheet 6) magnetic pole set-up mode is all identical, namely only be simply from being provided with again identical magnetic sheet group at interior diverse location of taking turns, the separately position that can not represent different magnetic sheet groups, the state of kinematic motion that can not represent ad-hoc location, and the people is by bike the time, pedal and each position corresponding with pedal are at state of kinematic motion, own special power-assisted demand is arranged, but the identical structure of this each magnetic sheet group of this patent can not give expression to the special power-assisted demand of each diverse location on the pedal.

Each site signal indifference of shortcoming (3) makes man-machine mismatching: each magnetic sheet group is the same, then each magnetic sheet group can not represent this position of magnetic sheet group on interior the wheel, the signal that Hall is exported can not represent the position of stretcher and other magnetic sheet group, the signal that is Hall output can not represent that different foot positions are to the demand of power-assisted, cause the demand of power-assisted and provide the time of power-assisted to mismatch, namely man-machine cooperation is undesirable.

Shortcoming (4) sine wave output makes the magnetic sheet group Edge Distance can not be less than 4 centimetres, generally take 5 centimetres as good, can establish magnetic sheet group number very little and make, man-machine cooperation is undesirable: each magnetic sheet group is identical, then Hall output is that sinusoidal waveform is as control signal, as the control signal sinusoidal waveform certain peak valley difference must be arranged, because the magnetic sheet group of this patent needs certain-length to represent forward and reverse motion, be to establish at most 8 magnetic sheet groups on 20 centimetres the rolling disc circular trace at diameter, generally take 5 as good, Hall just can have the sine wave signal of control function.That is to say that this technical scheme of 01201843.0 patent is used for morpet, magnetic sheet group limited amount is ended in 8, control signal very little, man-machine cooperation is undesirable.If but more than 8 magnetic sheet groups, when people's treadmill was very fast, the signal graph of Hall output was close to a horizon, this signal is not controlled function, can not control electrical motor, when making it need power-assisted especially, loses assist function.

Shortcoming (5) signal blind zone reaches miter angle, really can not get power-assisted when needing power-assisted during startup: well-known, it is minimum in summit moment that the people steps on bicycle pedal, the zone that needs most power-assisted from leaving 10-45 degree angle, summit, but the angle between each magnetic sheet group of this patent is 45 degree, leaves summit 10-45 degree angular zone neither one magnetic sheet group at stretcher, also with regard to the neither one control signal, when consequently needing most power-assisted, but the motor of morpet really can not power-assisted.

In a word, except with the not durable again complex structure of elastic component, fit structure characteristics because of Hall and magnetic sheet group, the rotating disk size diameter is in 20 centimetres, and having placed restrictions on magnetic sheet group quantity is 8 groups, and magnetic sheet group number can not arbitrarily increase, make man-machine cooperation undesirable, and can not get power-assisted when starting, the power-assisted demand with provide power-assisted not mate, cyclist's traveling comfort is poor; As increasing by force magnetic sheet group quantity, its transducing signal loses again the Power assisted control function.

The Chinese patent 03264387.X " timing sensor of electric boosting bicycle " of Wang Naikang application discloses without elastic component, only with moving, fixed two rotating disks, inlay two magnetic magnet steel above the Moving plate, inlay three Hall elements above the price fixing, bicycle pedal circles, each Hall produces two pulses, and then three Hall elements produce six pulses.Divide folding can get three characteristics, four shortcomings are as follows:

Characteristics (1) are for obtaining six impulse singlas, can only be each permanent magnetic steel same pole in one side: each Hall will produce two pulses, then can only be the same face that the same pole of two magnetic magnet steel is located at Moving plate, namely in certain one side of Moving plate, two magnetic magnet steel all be the arctic or all be the South Pole.If at the same face of Moving plate, a permanent magnetic steel is the arctic, another is the South Pole, and then pedal circles, and each Hall just can only produce a pulse, and three Halls just only have three pulses, and this does not just conform with this patent specification and has put down in writing.In order to increase pulse count, improve the control effect, can only be that each permanent magnetic steel same pole is in one side.

Characteristics (2) permanent magnetic steel is used for expression pedal fixed position, three Halls represent the pedal travel position: because pedal and Moving plate are synchronous rotations, so a permanent magnetic steel is fixed respectively in two positions on the Moving plate corresponding with two pedals, where some pedals turn, and then where corresponding permanent magnetic steel also turns; But only turn in the position that Hall is arranged, could send control signal by Hall, the motor of commander's morpet produces the power-assisted that needs and rotates.

The position of characteristics (3) middle different period pedal travels because Hall can not represent to circle, then just can not be only with a Hall: the different periods of pedal in circling, the power-assisted demand there is very big difference, embody the variation of this power-assisted demand, this patent is located at respectively 180 degree angles with three interior positions with three Halls, two magnetic magnet steel are located at respectively two pedal positions, and pedal turns in the position that Hall is arranged, and this Hall represents that with regard to output signal pedal has arrived the position of this Huo Yuan.But there is again following shortcoming with a plurality of Halls.

These characteristics as the morpet sensor have three shortcomings:

Shortcoming (1) represents respectively the fixed position of two pedals with two permanent magnetic steels that do not have an otherness, the turned position that just can only represent with a plurality of Halls pedal: two magnetic magnet steel do not have otherness, advantage is can be regardless of the fixed position that represents respectively two pedals of left and right sides pin, make its left and right sides human hair combing waste give birth to the power-assisted demand, can produce identical motor power-assisted effect; But shortcoming is permanent magnetic steel itself just can not represent the turned position of pedal, and can only be located at the turned position that different angle positions represents pedal with a plurality of Halls, thus can not be only with a Hall, and must use a plurality of Halls.

Shortcoming (2) can not be only with a Hall, and three Halls must cause three control signals that original segmentation error is arranged, make the distortion of power-assisted demand model, naturally it is inconsistent with the power-assisted demand to produce power-assisted output: no matter morpet is one or two motor, the transducing signal of its control motor can only just can reach with a transducing signal input electric machine controller purpose of control motor; And this patent is with three Halls control motors, then must merge into one to three control signals of three Halls and could input electric machine controller after merging control signal.The parameter sensing of three Halls can not be the same, particularly owing to after variation of ambient temperature, the period of service length, the parameter sensing of three Halls may be widely different, when its result causes identical power-assisted demand, the output of different Halls be different voltages, cause motor to produce different power-assisted output, power-assisted output is inconsistent with the power-assisted demand; In like manner during identical power-assisted demand, the output of different Halls may be identical voltage again, cause motor to produce the output of same power-assisted, also produce power-assisted output and the inconsistent problem of power-assisted demand.

Shortcoming (3) merges control signal and easily produces signal drift, merging control signal and electric machine controller are not mated, power-assisted demand model distortion: because variation of ambient temperature, after period of service is long, the parameter sensing of three Halls may be widely different, three control signal point of connection of three Halls must change, then the merging control signal of identical power-assisted demand generation will produce the signal drift of segmenting, merge control signal as a whole signal distortion that produces, be the distortion of power-assisted demand model, any one that causes that electric machine controller selects three control signals all can produce power-assisted output and the inconsistent problem of power-assisted demand as benchmark.

Shortcoming (4) sensing site can not arbitrarily increase, the sensing site very little, the motor operation is just not steady, make people by bike feel very uncomfortable: owing to have shortcoming (1) and shortcoming (2) all to cause greater than one because of Hall quantity, clearly Hall quantity is measured more and more, and shortcoming (1) and shortcoming (2) performance are more serious.So the morpet that this patent provides can only be to make people by bike feel the morpet that traveling comfort is very bad.

Shortcoming (5) signal blind zone reaches 42 degree angles, really can not get power-assisted when needing power-assisted during startup: well-known, it is minimum in summit moment that the people steps on bicycle pedal, the zone that needs most power-assisted from leaving 10-45 degree angle, summit, but the angle between each Hall of this patent is the 42.5-43.5 degree, leaves summit 10-42 degree angular zone neither one Hall at stretcher, also with regard to the neither one control signal, when consequently needing most power-assisted, but the motor of morpet really can not power-assisted.

In a word, this patent is the technical scheme with a plurality of Hall control assistant modes, because can only represent with a plurality of Halls the turned position of pedal, a plurality of control signals of a plurality of Halls must have original error, it merges control signal and easily produces again signal drift, all can cause the distortion of power-assisted demand model, i.e. the identical power-assisted demand of different time, but obtain different power-assisted effects; Hall quantity is measured more and more, and the distortion of power-assisted demand model is more serious, the quantity of having placed restrictions on Hall, the Hall small number and to produce the motor operation just not steady, make people by bike feel very uncomfortable, and can not get power-assisted when starting.Make it want the power-assisted demand model undistorted, and want motor to operate steadily and always attend to one thing and lose sight of another on these two problems, can not get both.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model only provides with the speed of the unequal acquisition bicycle pedal of magnetic flow of each permanent magnets on a Hall and the flywheel and position signal and to signal carries out the morpet that digitized processing becomes best power-assisted model signals sensor; But be a kind of in the Hall induction region, can increase permanent magnets quantity as far as possible, utilize to greatest extent the bicycle displacement information, how again sensor output information pinpoint morpet; Cyclist's power-assisted demand and the power-assisted that motor provides coupling are good, the morpet that motor operates steadily.

Design of the present utility model is: but in a Hall receptive field, carry out different variation pattern settings with identical a plurality of permanent magnets on the flywheel, make an one Hall can experience the motor message of whole permanent magnets.The variation pattern of a plurality of permanent magnets mainly is that magnetic polarity changes, magnetic flux change, and purpose makes Hall can obtain the permanent magnets motor message that ad-hoc location is more accurate, control is with better function, more.A plurality of permanent magnets magnetic polarities alternately change with the arctic, the South Pole, and the signal that Hall is produced is square wave, controls with better function, more; It is more accurate that the signal that a plurality of permanent magnets magnetic flux change produce Hall can be expressed the position of permanent magnets, thereby can express the state of kinematic motion of ad-hoc location.For morpet, the ad-hoc location of expressing stretcher is extremely important at what state of kinematic motion because the state of kinematic motion direct representation of stretcher the power-assisted need state of people to car.

The square-wave signal of Hall output is become digital signal, the side makes the digital signal of Hall is carried out digitized processing, can add the morpet needs in the digitized processing process, make the power-assisted math modeling of people's function optimized matching, the power-assisted math modeling can arbitrarily be adjusted by man-machine cooperation.The sine wave signal that can overcome the output of prior art Hall is difficult to carry out digitized processing, can only carry out simulated signal and process and can not add the power-assisted model that can arbitrarily adjust, overcome and can only extract the power-assisted model that placed restrictions on by the speed signal condition, make man-machine problem that can not optimized matching.

The flywheel that the utility model is following and rolling disc are same meaning.

Structure of the present utility model is:

Establish the morpet of many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer on the flywheel, comprise Electrical Bicycle and sensor, flywheel 1 is arranged on the rear wheel of Electrical Bicycle, Electrical Bicycle has vehicle frame 53, battery 55 connects electric machine controller 29 on the Electrical Bicycle, the motor 30 that electric machine controller 29 connects on the wheel; It is characterized in that:

The structure of sensor and the annexation of parts are as follows:

Sensor comprises sensitive member, power-assisted model treater 21, D and A converter 27 and the op amp 28 that connects successively;

［ 1 ］ sensitive member is the element that the rotational motion of flywheel 1 is become square-wave signal output;

Comprise that sensitive member comprises flywheel 1 and many pieces of permanent magnets 2, be fixedly installed many pieces of permanent magnets 2 on the flywheel 1, these many pieces of permanent magnets 2 equably rounded track distribute, and namely every piece of permanent magnets 2 is identical to the distance between identical, the adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets 2 of distance at circle center, circular rail trace 5 places; In certain one side of flywheel 1, the magnetic polarity of adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets 2 is opposite, and namely simultaneously to go up the magnetic polarity distribution mode of whole permanent magnets 2 be the N utmost point, the S utmost point, the N utmost point, the S utmost point, the N utmost point, the S utmost point for certain of flywheel 1 Have at least the magnetic flow of two pieces of permanent magnets 2 not identical;

Also comprise a Hall 3, Hall 3 is positioned at certain one side of flywheel 1, and Hall 3 is located at the position that also can experience permanent magnets 2 magnetic flow near permanent magnets 2, between Hall 3 and the permanent magnets 2 spacing is arranged; Hall 3 is the Halls that opposite magnetic polarities produced the square wave output signal;

［ 2 ］ power-assisted model treater 21 is the signal form convs that the digital signal that flywheel 1 rotates become power-assisted model digital signal;

Power-assisted model treater 21 comprises analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22, power-assisted starting point finder 23, magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24, power-assisted model memory device 25 and power-assisted model calculator 26;

Analogue to digital conversion is connected with the crest recognizer and is connected with sensitive member, the peak value of each square wave identified the square-wave signal of 3 inputs of Hall in the sensitive member by analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22, each square-wave signal is become different digital signals, each square wave is marked, and analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22 output marks have the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order;

Analogue to digital conversion is connected with the crest recognizer to be connected with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator with power-assisted starting point finder 23 respectively and is connected, and power-assisted starting point finder 23 is connected with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24; The mark of magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24 usefulness analogue to digital conversions and 22 inputs of crest recognizer has the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order to calculate the rotating speed of flywheel 1, and the rotating speed digital signal of flywheel 1 passed to power-assisted starting point finder 23, power-assisted starting point finder 23 usefulness mark has the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order, determine some squares wave corresponding to power-assisted starting point under certain speed conditions with these two signals of rotating speed digital signal of flywheel 1, namely determine power-assisted starting point magnetic patch;

Power-assisted starting point finder 23 is connected with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator and all is connected with power-assisted model calculator 26 respectively, and power-assisted model memory device 25 also is connected with power-assisted model calculator 26; The power-assisted starting point magnetic patch of power-assisted model calculator 26 usefulness power-assisted starting point finders 23, with a certain power-assisted pattern function of selecting with these two conditions of flywheel 1 rotating speed of magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24 in the power-assisted model memory device 25, and with power-assisted starting point magnetic patch and these two condition substitution power-assisted pattern functions of flywheel 1 rotating speed, calculate the power-assisted model digital signal of these two conditions of being fit to, i.e. power-assisted model calculator 26 output power-assisted model digital signals;

［ 3 ］ D and A converter 27 is the analog signals that power-assisted model digital signal converted to the power-assisted model;

Power-assisted model calculator 26 is connected with D and A converter 27, and D and A converter 27 converts the power-assisted model digital signal of power-assisted model calculator 26 to power-assisted model simulation signal;

［ 4 ］ op amp 28 is the power-assisted model simulation signals that the power-assisted model simulation signal of D and A converter 27 converted to the range of nominal tension.

The annexation of sensor and Electrical Bicycle is: Hall 3 is fixed on the position that can experience permanent magnets 2 magnetic flow on the vehicle frame 53 near permanent magnets 2, and the signal output lead of op amp 28 is connected with the signal input part of the electric machine controller 29 of Electrical Bicycle in the sensor.

One, to the explanation of working sensor principle: sensor is divided into signal acquisition and signal is processed with principle of work, so that structural relation and the effect of all parts of explanation sensor.Signal acquisition is rationally arranged and is carried out and obtain semiotic function by flywheel 1, permanent magnets 2 and the Hall 3 of sensitive member; Signal is processed to be connected with op amp by power-assisted model treater 21, D and A converter 27 and is connected successively the power-assisted model simulation signal that electric machine controller 29 that the signal that Hall 3 is exported is processed into Electrical Bicycle can use.

［ one ］ to the explanation of sensitive member:

When using sensitive member, flywheel 1 will rotate, so flywheel 1 claims again rolling disc, the center of rotation is exactly that 2 one-tenth annular arrangement distributions of a plurality of permanent magnets are at the center of circle.

The purpose that 2 one-tenth annular arrangements of a plurality of permanent magnets distribute is only to experience with a Hall 3 state of kinematic motion of whole permanent magnets 2 on the rolling disc, namely experience movement position and the speed of whole permanent magnets 2 on the rolling disc, and the variation of speed, or title acceleration/accel, this Hall 3 just can be expressed the state of kinematic motion of permanent magnets 2 with a continuous electric signal, because it is on the flywheel 1 that whole permanent magnets 2 is separately fixed at rolling disc, then the continuous electric signal of Hall 3 generations just can be expressed the state of kinematic motion of rolling disc again.If this continuous electric signal is used for other object of control, this continuous electric signal is exactly control signal.If be used for the motor of control morpet, also need with micro controller system or other electron component as sensing signal processor, position in the control signal, speed, acceleration/accel key element converted to needs what power-assisted signal of power-assisted, the function that converts is exactly the power-assisted demand model, or claims the power-assisted model.

The not identical meaning of a plurality of permanent magnets 2 magnetic flow is: making in the electric signal that Hall 3 produces is not duplicate impulse singla, but the different impulse singla of peak valley difference, distinguish the diverse location of different permanent magnets 2 with distinguishing impulse singla, thereby can obtain the state of kinematic motion of diverse location permanent magnets 2.But reach certain position of accurate expression rolling disc, or each there is the state of kinematic motion of permanent magnets 2.As being used for morpet, but accurate expression ride in the demand of diverse location to power-assisted, make the expression of power-assisted demand more accurate, then car is just more consistent with people's cooperation.

The not identical namely magnetic flow of a plurality of permanent magnets 2 of a plurality of permanent magnets 2 magnetic flow is vicissitudinous, the scope of its variation should be the same Hall 3 sensitive magnetic flow scopes of invariant position, that is to say that the peak of a plurality of permanent magnets 2 magnetic flow and minimum should be in Hall 3 sensitive magnetic flow scopes.

Hall 3 is located at the position that also can experience permanent magnets 2 magnetic flow near permanent magnets 2, and purpose is to experience with Hall 3 state of kinematic motion of permanent magnets 2, i.e. movement position, speed, acceleration/accel.

The magnetic polarity of adjacent two magnetic patch 2 is very important technical characterictic on the contrary, all the magnetic polarity distribution mode of permanent magnets 2 is the N utmost point, the S utmost point, the N utmost point, the S utmost point, the N utmost point, the S utmost point ... make the high and low alternate square-wave signal of Hall 3 outputs, the rolling disc that ends as limited size, rotating the accurate variable signal that will obtain in a week as much as possible, should be to select square wave certainly.Because the time that the peak-to-valley value of square-wave signal changes is short, can within the regular hour, produce the signal that the control meaning is arranged as much as possible.The structure generation square wave that the magnetic polarity of adjacent two magnetic patch 2 is opposite, and the identical structure generation sinusoidal waveform of the magnetic polarity of adjacent two magnetic patch 2, during especially for morpet, generally placing restrictions at diameter as the rolling disc of sensing element is 10-15 centimetre, to obtain the signal of control function in this limit scope, rotate a week, produce square wave than producing the available pulse number of sinusoidal waveform and many 7-9 doubly.Nature, the opposite structure of the magnetic polarity of adjacent two magnetic patch 2 to the control effect of morpet more, the people cooperates with car better, the rider people feels more comfortable.

［ two ］ explanation of power-assisted model treater 21: power-assisted model treater 21 is the signal form convs that the digital signal that flywheel 1 rotates become power-assisted model digital signal;

Power-assisted model treater 21 comprises analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22, power-assisted starting point finder 23, magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24, power-assisted model memory device 25 and power-assisted model calculator 26; These parts to the processing thinking of signal are: the position digital signal that the square-wave signal of Hall in the sensitive member 3 is decomposited expression magnetic patch 2 positions, speed digital signal with expression flywheel 1 rotating speed, because position and speed all are digital signals, just can process with the power-assisted math modeling position and speed, can design by people's best perception the power-assisted math modeling, make the power-assisted model digital signal of its power-assisted model treater 21 outputs namely have best power-assisted math modeling, actuation point and terminating point that this power-assisted math modeling is arranged again, because the position digital signal of magnetic patch 2 is arranged, so actuation point and stop can be accurate to the power-assisted demand Complete Synchronization with the people.Having solved prior art does not have magnetic patch 2 position signals and causes people's power-assisted demand and power-assisted unmatched models, postpone in the problem of power-assisted demand with the operation of power-assisted model, having solved prior art wants power not to power, to only give energetically little power, want little power again to energetically, do not want power again to man-machine ill-matched problems such as power.Annexation and the function of each parts are as follows in the power-assisted model treater 21: peak value

Analogue to digital conversion is connected with the crest recognizer and is connected with sensitive member, the peak value of each square wave identified the square-wave signal of 3 inputs of Hall in the sensitive member by analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22, each square-wave signal is become different digital signals, each square wave is marked, and analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22 output marks have the square-wave signal of magnetic patch position order.Like this, there is waveform other square-wave signal of peak region to become the square-wave signal that marks with data, convenient in the digitized processing process of back, the square wave peak value is become the square wave position data carry out calculation process.So analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22 are the signals that the square wave peak value represented the magnetic patch position, become the treater with the digital signal of data mark magnetic patch position.This is the important inventive point that the utility model is different from existing morpet, digital signal with data mark magnetic patch position has been arranged, the utility model just can find some at the flywheel 1 of circulation circular movement or each magnetic patch position, for starting, motor 30 produces power-assisted, increase power-assisted, reduce power-assisted, stop 30 work of the motor such as power-assisted and found starting point and terminal point, people's power-assisted demand and motor 30 power-assisted behaviors can be complementary, avoided existing morpet to be difficult to realize man-machine cooperation, motor 30 does not rotate when occurring needing power-assisted, motor 30 also keeps motion not stop when not needing power-assisted, even causes the problem of collision accident.

Analogue to digital conversion is connected with the crest recognizer to be connected with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator with power-assisted starting point finder 23 respectively and is connected, and power-assisted starting point finder 23 is connected with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24; The mark of magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24 usefulness analogue to digital conversions and 22 inputs of crest recognizer has the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order to calculate the rotating speed of flywheel 1, and the rotating speed digital signal of flywheel 1 passed to power-assisted starting point finder 23, power-assisted starting point finder 23 usefulness mark has the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order, determine some squares wave corresponding to power-assisted starting point under certain speed conditions with these two signals of rotating speed digital signal of flywheel 1, namely determine power-assisted starting point magnetic patch.Because, the power-assisted starting point magnetic patch of determining is the square wave that the data mark is arranged, then power-assisted starting point magnetic patch has magnetic patch 2 positions of unique correspondence, like this, power-assisted starting point finder 23 has been finished magnetic patch 2 positions of finding out the power-assisted initial point, in the time of just can determining also where certain magnetic patch 2 is, start or finish motor and carry out certain power-assisted model sport.This just reaches the specific magnetic patch 2 that the people controls flywheel 1 and is synchronized with the movement, specific magnetic patch 2 control motors 30 carry out specific synchronously rotation, realize the purpose of people's synchro control motor, starting point and the terminal point that can not occur controlling be inaccurate, the problem that the starting point that can not occur controlling and terminal point postpone.But existing morpet is when only opening power-assisted, all can not find with the synchronous stop bit that opens of people to put, so all can produce the starting point of control and the problem that terminal point postpones.

Power-assisted starting point finder 23 is connected with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator and all is connected with power-assisted model calculator 26 respectively, and power-assisted model memory device 25 also is connected with power-assisted model calculator 26; The power-assisted starting point magnetic patch of power-assisted model calculator 26 usefulness power-assisted starting point finders 23, with a certain power-assisted pattern function of selecting with these two conditions of flywheel 1 rotating speed of magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24 in the power-assisted model memory device 25, and with power-assisted starting point magnetic patch and these two condition substitution power-assisted pattern functions of flywheel 1 rotating speed, calculate the power-assisted model digital signal of these two conditions of being fit to, namely power-assisted model calculator 26 just can be exported power-assisted model digital signal.

［ three ］ explanation of logarithmic mode conv 27: D and A converter 27 is the analog signals that power-assisted model digital signal converted to the power-assisted model.

Power-assisted model calculator 26 is connected with D and A converter 27, and D and A converter 27 converts the power-assisted model digital signal of power-assisted model calculator 26 to power-assisted model simulation signal.So that the analog signal to electric machine controller 29 output power-assisted models that can only Analog signals.

［ four ］ to the explanation of op amp 28: op amp 28 is the power-assisted model simulation signals that the power-assisted model simulation signal of D and A converter 27 converted to the range of nominal tension.

D and A converter 27 is connected with op amp 28, although the power-assisted model simulation signal of D and A converter 27 has solved the power-assisted model problem, but the voltage of power-assisted model signals can't satisfy the needs of electric machine controller 29, so also will convert power-assisted model simulation signal to power-assisted model simulation signal that the range of nominal tension needs with op amp 28, just can be transferred to electric machine controller 29.

Two, sensor and Electrical Bicycle are connected to form the explanation of morpet:

For in kind the installation is described, be divided into mechanical part and sensing element from aspect in kind sensor, with each structural relation in kind and each relevant material object of Electrical Bicycle of explanation sensor.Sensing element comprises Hall 3, power-assisted model treater 21, D and A converter 27 and op amp 28, and Hall 3 is fixed on vehicle frame 53 positions near permanent magnets 2, makes Hall 3 can experience the turn signal of permanent magnets 2 on the flywheel 1.Also can be fixed on the Hall 3 of sensing element, power-assisted model treater 21, D and A converter 27 and op amp 28 on the device.But because Hall 3 will be fixed on the peculiar position that can experience permanent magnets 2 magnetic flow, then can open Hall 3 and power-assisted model treater 21, D and A converter 27 and op amp 28 these three isolation of components, only power-assisted model treater 21, D and A converter 27 and op amp 28 these three parts are fixed on the device.Power-assisted model treater 21, D and A converter 27 and op amp 28 these three parts in whole sensing elements or the sensing element are fixed on the device, be conducive to a tangible device carrying sensing element, with carrier sensing element be fixed on the vehicle frame 53 of Electrical Bicycle.

Hall 3 can be experienced with a fixed position turned position of whole permanent magnets 2, thereby can all become electric signal to the cyclist to the mechanical action of power-assisted demand, again by sensing element power-assisted model treater 21, D and A converter 27 and op amp 28, the power-assisted demand electric signal of Hall 3 is become the power-assisted model electric signal of man-machine coupling, op amp 28 is passed to electric machine controller 29 to the power-assisted model electric signal of man-machine coupling, electric machine controller 29 control motors 30 rotate by the mode of man-machine coupling, the final morpet of realizing is namely realized the effect of man-machine coupling by people's best demand mode motion.

The signal of each Signal Processing Element output is in the utility model sensor:

Hall 3 output square-wave signals;

Power-assisted model treater 21 output power-assisted model digital signals;

Analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22 output marks have the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order;

The start position signal of the power-assisted starting point magnetic patch that 23 outputs of power-assisted starting point finder are determined;

Magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24 calculates and exports the rotating speed digital signal of flywheel 1;

It is for subsequent use that power-assisted model memory device 25 has multiple power-assisted pattern function, and output is the digital signal of selected power-assisted pattern function;

Power-assisted model calculator 26 calculates and output will be for the power-assisted model digital signal of control function;

The power-assisted model simulation signal that D and A converter 27 outputs convert power-assisted model digital signal to;

Op amp 28 outputs convert power-assisted model simulation signal to the power-assisted model simulation signal of the range of nominal tension;

What thermally dependent resistor R6 guaranteed op amp 28 outputs is the power-assisted model simulation signal of the range of nominal tension, i.e. standard power-assisted model simulation signal.

Be provided with thermally dependent resistor R6 for solving power-assisted model simulation signal drift problem, thermally dependent resistor R6 is connected between the input end and mouth of op amp 28.

Hall 3, D and A converter 27 and op amp 28 all are semiconductor devices, the Analog signals function is arranged again, easy varying with temperature and make signal parameter produce drift very, particularly summer and winter, morpet is again all outdoor, temperature traverse produces the successful of signal parameter drift, so, preferably the signal of op amp 28 outputs carried out the signal drift correction, obtain not to be subjected to the standard power-assisted model simulation signal of influence of temperature change, by 30 operations of electric machine controller 29 control motors, the people who rides morpet just can not feel summer and the different problem of power-assisted effect in winter with standard power-assisted model simulation signal.

Power-assisted model treater 21 is micro controller systems 31, is connected with clock circuit 32 on the micro controller system 31.Finish the function of analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22, power-assisted starting point finder 23, magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24, power-assisted model memory device 25 and power-assisted model calculator 26 with micro controller system 31.The clock signal of clock circuit 32 is effects of distinguishing for to the square-wave signal of Hall 3 inputs, and preferably the length of each clock signal is 0.001 second.

The mechanical part of sensor and sensing element structural relation: the mechanical part of sensor comprises flywheel 1, and the sensing element of sensor comprises a plurality of permanent magnets 2, Hall 3, micro controller system 31, D and A converter 27 and op amp 28; Hall 3, micro controller system 31, D and A converter 27 and 28 4 electronic components of op amp of linking to each other successively in the sensing element are located on the circuit card 59; The position that circuit card 59 is located on the vehicle frame 52 can make Hall 3 experience the magnetic flow of permanent magnets 2, and the position of circuit card 59 makes the Hall 3 can be according to the movement output electric signal of permanent magnets 2.

The preferred model of each parts of sensor of the present utility model and concrete connection mode are: Hall 3 is UGN3075, and power-assisted model treater 21 is AT89S52 micro controller systems 31, and D and A converter 27 is ADC-C8E; Op amp 28 is OF-17F, is connected with thermally dependent resistor R6 between input end 2 pin of OF-17F op amp 28 and mouth 6 pin; Each parts annexation is as follows:

Signal output part 3 pin of Hall 3 connect 12 pin INTO ［ P32 ］ of micro controller system 31;

12 pin B8 of 39 pin P00 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;

11 pin B7 of 38 pin P01 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;

10 pin B6 of 37 pin P02 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;

9 pin B5 of 36 pin P03 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;

8 pin B4 of 35 pin P04 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;

7 pin B3 of 34 pin P05 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;

6 pin B2 of 33 pin P06 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;

5 pin B1 of 32 pin P07 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;

2 pin of 4 pin concatenation operation amplifiers 28 of D and A converter 27;

3 pin of 2 pin concatenation operation amplifiers 28 of D and A converter 27;

6 pin of op amp 28 are analog signal output.

Be connected with thermally dependent resistor R6 between input end 2 pin of OF-17F op amp 28 and mouth 6 pin, and thermally dependent resistor R6 two ends also are parallel with capacitor C 6.Preferred thermally dependent resistor R6 is 5K, and capacitor C 6 is 8P, uses the R5 ground connection of 1.25k between 4 pin of D and A converter 27 and 2 pin of op amp 28.The analog signal voltage scope that makes its available temperature-sensitive resistance R 6 regulate the output of op amp 286 pin is stabilized between the 0.8--4.2V.

Hall 3 is located between interior circular trajectory and the outer ring trajectory.Because Hall 3 is to have spacing to experience permanent magnets 2 magnetic flow and the parts of output electrical signals, again in order to reduce the volume of permanent magnets 2 as far as possible, make its on flywheel 1 as much as possible permanent magnets 2 is set, the permanent magnets 2 that as far as possible reduces can both be responded to by Hall 3; Hall 3 should be located between interior circular trajectory and the outer ring trajectory, and preferably is located at the position that approaches the circular rail trace that can run through whole permanent magnets 2.

Have at least the magnetic flow of a permanent magnets 2 to be not equal to the magnetic flow of other any one permanent magnets 2.The magnetic flow that is not equal to other, namely special values of magnetic flux can be used for representing the position of bicycle pedal.Preferably have at least the magnetic flow of two each and every one permanent magnets 2 to be not equal to the magnetic flow of other any one permanent magnets 2, the permanent magnets 2 of these two special values of magnetic fluxes corresponds respectively to two stretchers, is used for the position of two stretchers of expression bicycle.Because the circular movement of bicycle pedal is judged pedal position for the speed that obtains this circular movement, determine that the power-assisted model of circular movement is extremely important next time.

Flywheel 1 is provided with visable indicia.Visable indicia is a certain or its combination of color mark, body form mark or rotational angle mark.

Ride the morpet time spent of the present utility model, the method that the stretcher that makes bicycle and sensor command electronic function to cooperate: the mark of being used as one or more location at the wheel that flywheel 1 and permanent magnets 2 are arranged, mark can be material object or color, and mark also can be located on the flywheel 1.With protecting a certain position relationship of mud plate or the position objects of reference such as mark and horizontal sextant angle position relationship on the tire of a certain position relationship of the vehicle frame of mark and bicycle or mark and bicycle, determine on the flywheel 1 position relationship of each permanent magnets 2 and the stretcher of bicycle, that is to say, stretcher is when certain position, and the permanent magnets 2 of expression pedal position is also in a certain position.Realize the purpose of specific a certain permanent magnets 2 expression pedal positions.Think that the power-assisted time of morpet electrical motor and the requirement of oneself do not match if ride the people, start too soon or too slow such as the power-assisted time, can change the position of mark and vehicle frame, namely change the permanent magnets 2 of expression pedal position and the relative angle position relationship of stretcher, just can regulate power-assisted time startup speed, make people's power-assisted required time provide the time of power-assisted to match with motor.But the power-assisted model of control motor is constant.

Advantage of the present utility model: simple in structure, cost is low, the permanent magnets quantity on the permanent magnets ring is not placed restrictions on, the impulse singla of outputting standard, do not have signal blind zone, only just the total movement state, output signal of energy perfect representation Moving plate can distortion drift about, represent can have in fixed position, place, the output signal with the magnetic flux change of permanent magnets the movement position of each permanent magnets with one group of output signal of a Hall, be used for morpet, power-assisted output can be highly cooperated with the power-assisted demand and the cyclist is felt well.

(1) simple in structure, without elastic component, machinery-free fault: experience a plurality of permanent magnets with Hall and rotate output signal, the speed that provides with Chinese patent 01201843.0 can be calculated the principle of moment, available multiple math modeling is calculated the moment parameter of morpet, the motor that is used for the control morpet is realized power-assisted.Be lower than with elastic component and mechanically stressed sensor without elastic component, simple in structure, cost.After having avoided long-time use, each mechanical part distortion, machinery-free fault, the not good problem of cooperation.

(2) magnetic polarity is opposite, the output square-wave signal, has accurate control function: because the magnetic polarity of adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets is opposite, and Hall is selected the Hall that opposite magnetic polarities is produced the square wave output signal, then adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets no matter spacing what, even very close to each other between adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets, Hall can be exported square-wave signal too.As being used for morpet, the motor of controlling morpet with the output signal of square wave is better than using sinusoidal waveform, because the rectangle wave energy is accomplished at any time point of signal, the signal implication of expression movement position and speed is accurate, but thereby the movement position of Precise Representation booster bicycle pedal and speed, in order to go out the correct power-assisted demand of this state of kinematic motion with the accurate position of pedal and speed calculation.

(3) magnetic polarity of adjacent permanent magnets is opposite, permanent magnets quantity is not placed restrictions on, can increase the sensing point position: because magnetic polarity is opposite as far as possible, the output square-wave signal, even adjacent permanent magnets gapless, the signal of its output has remained number, differentiable square-wave signal, still has the control function, that is to say to export the unchanged linear signal of not controlling function.As being used for morpet, owing to placed restrictions on the rolling disc diameter of pedal linkage, just can be on the rolling disc of prescribed level, increase as far as possible permanent magnets quantity, as far as possible increase the sensing point position, represent bicycle pedal movement position and speed, the Precise Representation state of kinematic motion with as much as possible transducing signal.

(4) magnetic polarity of adjacent permanent magnets is opposite, can arrange that permanent magnets is many, the sensing point position is many, state of kinematic motion to rolling disc represents accurately: to being used for morpet, fixedly the rolling disc size of permanent magnets is strictly placed restrictions on, general rolling disc diameter can only be in 10-15 centimetre, in order to make Hall that the magnetic pole signal that obtains permanent magnets under the condition of spacing arranged, the diameter of its permanent magnets is at least Ф 0.6-0.8 centimetre, then peripheral zero-lash 35-73 permanent magnets ［ (10-1) the * 3.14/0.8=35 that arranges of diameter 10-15 centimetre rolling disc; (15-1) * 3.14/0.6=73 ］, namely stretcher circles, and Hall can obtain the motor that 35-73 signal is used for the control morpet.But if the identical prior art of adjacent permanent magnets magnetic polarity, adjacent permanent magnets then on diameter 10-15 centimetre rolling disc, can only arrange at most 5-8 permanent magnets ［ (10-1) * 3.14/5.8=5 by 5 centimetres of spacings; (15-1) * 3.14/5.6=8 ］.As seen, the art of this patent can arrange doubly ［ 35/5=6 of permanent magnets 7-9 than prior art more; 73/8=9 ］, 30-65 permanent magnets ［ 35-5=30 is set more; 73-8=65 ］.So rolling disc circles, the art of this patent has increased 7-9 turn disc site signal doubly than prior art.Electric machine control accuracy rate to morpet has improved 7-9 doubly naturally, make the cyclist also improve 7-9 doubly to power-assisted demand accuracy rate, car and people's cooperate degree improves greatly, and cyclist's comfort increases greatly, no longer is boosted vehicle the sort of one fast one slow uncomfortable sensation of prior art.The utility model is asked someone according to the experience of reality, when roughly 15 permanent magnets being set uniformly on the rolling disc, elimination prior art only establish 5-8 permanent magnets and make boosted vehicle the sort of one fast one slow uncomfortable sensation; When roughly 20 permanent magnets being set uniformly on the rolling disc, car cooperates oneself can satisfy human needs with the people's, and the sensation of riding boosted vehicle is very comfortable.

(5) do not have signal blind zone, the power-assisted that power-assisted demand whenever all can obtain to be complementary: this patent can arrange at most 35-73 permanent magnets at diameter 10-15 centimetre rolling disc periphery, and average angle is the 5-10 degree between each permanent magnets.Be used for morpet, when starting or move, stretcher is in the 35 degree zones of leaving 10-45 degree angle, summit, 4-7 permanent magnets (signal just having been arranged in the position of leaving 10 degree angles, summit) arranged, then the exportable 4-7 of Hall control signal reacts the power-assisted demand, can realize any position, have power-assisted just can obtain the excellent technique effect of corresponding power-assisted any time, make car and people's no-float, it is laborsaving comfortable again that the cyclist feels.

(6) only with a Hall, a control signal represents the total movement state of rolling disc, the state of kinematic motion of control signal and rolling disc is in full accord, control signal and people's demand is in full accord: a plurality of permanent magnets are fixed on the rolling disc, permanent magnets and rolling disc rotate synchronously, with a whole permanent magnets motor message of Hall impression, then the state of kinematic motion of the control signal of Hall output and rolling disc is in full accord, just in full accord with people's demand, control signal does not have original segmentation error and signal drift problem yet.Even the hall sensing parameter changes, also be whole control signal parallel, as long as it is wider to receive the range of receiving of electric machine controller of Hall control signal, the control effect of the Hall control signal that has changed becomes systematicness to change.As being used for morpet, the power-assisted demand model can distortion, and power-assisted output and power-assisted demand still keep the matching relationship of original model, and the systematicness that the cyclist is easy to grasp this power-assisted ability changes.

(7) magnetic flow of each permanent magnets changes, the vicissitudinous permanent magnets of magnetic flow can represent the state of kinematic motion of specific site: because the magnetic flow of each permanent magnets changes, each permanent magnets makes Hall export the control signal of peculiar peak valley difference waveform, the state of kinematic motion in a certain fixedly permanent magnets site that then control signal of peculiar peak valley difference waveform just can the direct representation rolling disc; Such as each permanent magnets oneself given magnetic flux is arranged, what permanent magnets can reach has, and just can obtain the motion state signal of what specific sites.As being used for morpet, the rolling disc diameter is in 10-15 centimetre, and rolling disc circles, and Hall can obtain the control signal of 35-73 different loci state of kinematic motion, naturally knows the power-assisted demand in 35-73 site.Clearly, rolling disc circles, and prior art can only have at most 5-8 power-assisted demand, and being nothing like the maximum available 35-73 of a this patent power-assisted desired signal more can be truly, multiple data quantity ground reaction cyclist's power-assisted demand.That is to say that morpet the art of this patent, Che Gengneng and people's demand match consistent, the cyclist experiences stretcher at any turned position, but oneself complete regulation speed all, and traveling comfort is good.And but the morpet of prior art can only be at maximum 5-8 turned positions ability regulation speed.

(8) can carry out digitized processing to hall signal, make the control model that adds man-machine optimized matching in the control signal: the digital signal that the square-wave signal with magnetic patch position and magnetic patch rotating speed is become this two key element, with the mathematics power-assisted model of setting, be fit to man-machine no-float the digital signal of this two key element is converted to power-assisted model digital signal, again power-assisted model digital signal is converted to power-assisted model simulation signal, at last power-assisted model simulation signal is become the control signal that the electric machine controller burning voltage scope, that have rating horsepower can be used.In a word, the signal that exactly magnetic patch is rotated carries out digitized processing, in the digitized processing treating process, adds the power-assisted model of mathematics, makes in the control signal of the last output of sensor, contains the power-assisted model of adding.Because the power-assisted model of mathematics is artificial the setting, so, the model of the most suitable man-machine cooperation always can be become the power-assisted model specification of mathematics, then the exportable control signal that can realize best man-machine cooperation of sensor of the present utility model.And the magnetic patch same pole of existing morpet sensor is at the same face, Hall can not obtain square-wave signal, also just can't carry out digitized processing to hall signal, its control model can only be hall signal to be carried out the part revise, so can not realize exporting the control signal of man-machine optimized matching.

(9) control signal of output does not have signal drift at last: with thermally dependent resistor R6 the output signal of op amp is carried out feedback regulation, can solve the problem that the semiconductor devices such as Hall, D and A converter and op amp make power-assisted model simulation signal drift, what make the last output of sensor is the standard power-assisted model simulation signal that is not subjected to variation of ambient temperature.

(10) can realize the machine operation mode of man-machine optimized matching: analogue to digital conversion becomes different digital signals with the crest recognizer with each square-wave signal, power-assisted model calculator is with regard to available power-assisted starting point finder selected and power-assisted math modeling power-assisted demand optimized matching in power-assisted model memory device, and the speed parameter substitution power-assisted math modeling that magnetic patch rotating speed calculator is provided, power-assisted model calculator just can calculate the power-assisted model digital signal of stretcher under certain situation.This power-assisted model digital signal be exactly can make that people and Electrical Bicycle can optimized matching, be used for the control signal that the control motor is used.Power-assisted model calculator is digital processor, it can accept any digitized math modeling, then power-assisted model memory device just can provide to power-assisted model calculator the math modeling of any artificial setting, this condition of people's Set arbitrarily math modeling has been arranged, and the people just can set the math modeling that can make people and Electrical Bicycle energy optimized matching.Power-assisted model memory device has the people to set, and can make the math modeling of people and Electrical Bicycle energy optimized matching, then just can realize the machine operation mode of people and Electrical Bicycle optimized matching; The people sets math modeling can also make motor that the mode of operation of the most rational startup and running model, power saving is arranged.So morpet of the present utility model is province's electric booster bicycle of people and Electrical Bicycle optimized matching.

But in the rotation period of existing power-assisted bike pedal plate, Hall can only be exported less than 10 sine wave signals, sine wave signal can not become digital signal, the motor that can not artificially add best power-assisted model control Electrical Bicycle, the power-assisted model of this morpet namely can not be realized man-machine optimized matching, can not make motor that mode of operation the most reasonable, power saving is arranged.

(11) power saving effect and meaning: with buy in morpet of the present utility model and the city 8 permanent magnets coplanars are arranged is same pole carries out power saving relatively as the morpet of sensing element, use the mode of different sensors instead with same Electrical Bicycle, identical cyclist rides in same road segment and surveys in fact, the result is: after riding 110 kilometers with morpet of the present utility model, battery has a small amount of electricity more than also; But behind 45 kilometers of the morpet riders of buying in this city, battery has not had remaining electricity.The meaning of this power saving is: the morpet of the present utility model that is full of electricity can satisfy whole day to be ridden and not to charge, solved the people on the way and car can not this existing morpet of power-assisted hang-up.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is many magnetic patch position and each point magnetic flow uneven distribution on the flywheel, and the sensitive member structural representation that replaces of permanent magnets N-S, and the different expression of permanent magnets line weight magnetic flow are different among the figure;

Fig. 2 is high density magnetic patch position and each point magnetic flow uneven distribution on the flywheel, and the permanent magnets sensitive member structural representation that becomes N-S to replace, and the different expression of permanent magnets line weight magnetic flow are different among the figure;

Fig. 3 is rear wheel and the vehicle frame of bicycle and makes the rolling disc flywheel of sensor and the structural representation of Hall;

Fig. 4 is that the signal of Hall, power-assisted model treater, D and A converter, op amp flows to block scheme;

Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of Hall, micro controller system, D and A converter, op amp;

Fig. 6 is that sensor is located at the annexation scheme drawing that forms the utility model morpet on electric bicycle flywheel and the vehicle frame.

1 is flywheel, the 2nd among the figure, permanent magnets, the 3rd, Hall, the 5th, circular rail trace, the 21st, power-assisted model treater, the 22nd, the wide crest recognizer of analogue to digital conversion and ripple, the 23rd, power-assisted starting point finder, the 24th, magnetic patch rotating speed calculator, the 25th, power-assisted model memory device, the 26th, power-assisted model calculator, the 27th, D and A converter, the 28th, op amp, the 29th, electric machine controller, the 30th, motor, the 31st, micro controller system, the 32nd, clock circuit, the 53rd, vehicle frame, the 55th, battery, the 59th, circuit card.

The specific embodiment

Establish the morpet of many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer on embodiment 1, the flywheel

Such as Fig. 1,3,4,6,

One, Electrical Bicycle parts and the structure relevant with sensor installation: comprise Electrical Bicycle and sensor, flywheel 1 is arranged on the rear wheel of Electrical Bicycle, Electrical Bicycle has vehicle frame 53, battery 55 connects electric machine controller 29 on the Electrical Bicycle, the motor 30 that electric machine controller 29 connects on the wheel.

Two, the annexation of the structure of sensor and parts is as follows:

Sensor comprises sensitive member, power-assisted model treater 21, D and A converter 27 and the op amp 28 that connects successively;

［ 1 ］ sensitive member is the element that the rotational motion of flywheel 1 is become square-wave signal output;

Sensitive member is 20 permanent magnets 2 that 0.6 centimetre of diameter is set with a face of flywheel 1, and magnetic flow is 146---279 (BH) max/KJm ^-3Different selective value in the scope, and it is unequal to face mutually the magnetic flow of permanent magnets 2.The structure of flywheel 1, permanent magnets 2, Hall 3 is as follows:

All equably rounded track distributions of permanent magnets 2, each permanent magnets 2 is fixed on 9.0 centimetres of circular rail traces 5 of diameter, and namely each permanent magnets 2 is identical to the distance between identical, the adjacent permanent magnets 2 of distance at circle center, circular rail trace 5 places.

There is the magnetic flow of two permanent magnets 2 to be not equal to the magnetic flow of other any one permanent magnets 2, and the magnetic flow of these two permanent magnets 2 is also unequal, the position of these two permanent magnets 2 is just in time at the two ends of 1 one diameters of flywheel, and these two permanent magnets 2 are used for the movement position at two stretchers of morpet expression.

The opposite mode of magnetic polarity in 2 one-tenth adjacent permanent magnets 2 of whole permanent magnets of 1 one face settings of flywheel is arranged, namely on 1 one faces of flywheel all the magnetic polarity distribution mode of permanent magnets 2 be the N utmost point, the S utmost point, the N utmost point, the S utmost point, the N utmost point, the S utmost point ...

Be located at the side that flywheel 1 has permanent magnets 2 with a Hall 3, Hall 3 is located at the position near permanent magnets 2, be that Hall 3 is located in each permanent magnets 2 place circular rail trace 5 scope, Hall 3 keeps 0.3 centimetre spacing distance with each permanent magnets 2 of rotary state, make each permanent magnets 2 of rotation through Hall 3 time, Hall 3 can produce the square wave electric signal output of a correspondence.

［ 2 ］ power-assisted model treater 21 is the convs that the digital signal that flywheel 1 rotates become the signal form of power-assisted model digital signal;

Power-assisted model treater 21 comprises analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22, power-assisted starting point finder 23, magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24, power-assisted model memory device 25 and power-assisted model calculator 26;

Analogue to digital conversion is connected with the crest recognizer and is connected with sensitive member, the peak value of each square wave identified the square-wave signal of 3 inputs of Hall in the sensitive member by analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22, each square-wave signal is become different digital signals, each square wave is marked, and analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22 output marks have the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order;

Analogue to digital conversion is connected with the crest recognizer to be connected with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator with power-assisted starting point finder 23 respectively and is connected, and power-assisted starting point finder 23 is connected with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24; The magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24 usefulness analogue to digital conversions and 22 inputs of crest recognizer calculates the rotating speed of flywheel 1, and the rotating speed digital signal of flywheel 1 passed to power-assisted starting point finder 23, power-assisted starting point finder 23 usefulness mark has the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order, determine some squares wave corresponding to power-assisted starting point under certain speed conditions with these two signals of rotating speed digital signal of flywheel 1, namely determine power-assisted starting point magnetic patch; Power-assisted starting point finder 23 has been finished the initial point magnetic patch of finding out power-assisted, namely determine to come into effect power-assisted from certain square wave, accurately say to be exactly to be under certain speed conditions at flywheel 1, begin to carry out power-assisted in certain position from certain magnetic patch, or from certain magnetic patch certain position, the power-assisted model of original power-assisted model being changed into next step selection carries out power-assisted.

Power-assisted starting point finder 23 is connected with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator and all is connected with power-assisted model calculator 26 respectively, and power-assisted model memory device 25 also is connected with power-assisted model calculator 26; The power-assisted starting point magnetic patch of power-assisted model calculator 26 usefulness power-assisted starting point finders 23, with a certain power-assisted pattern function of selecting with these two conditions of flywheel 1 rotating speed of magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24 in the power-assisted model memory device 25, and with power-assisted starting point magnetic patch and these two condition substitution power-assisted pattern functions of flywheel 1 rotating speed, calculate the power-assisted model digital signal of these two conditions of being fit to, i.e. power-assisted model calculator 26 output power-assisted model digital signals;

［ 3 ］ D and A converter 27 is the analog signals that power-assisted model digital signal converted to the power-assisted model.

Power-assisted model calculator 26 is connected with D and A converter 27, and D and A converter 27 converts the power-assisted model digital signal of power-assisted model calculator 26 to power-assisted model simulation signal.So that the simulation letter to electric machine controller 29 output power-assisted models that can only Analog signals.

［ 4 ］ op amp 28 is the power-assisted model simulation signals that the power-assisted model simulation signal of D and A converter 27 converted to the range of nominal tension.

D and A converter 27 is connected with op amp 28, although the power-assisted model simulation signal of D and A converter 27 has solved the power-assisted model problem, but the voltage of power-assisted model signals can't satisfy the needs of electric machine controller 29, so also will convert power-assisted model simulation signal to power-assisted model simulation signal that the range of nominal tension needs with op amp 28, just can be transferred to electric machine controller 29, reach electric machine controller 29 control motors 30 and carry out the operation that power-assisted is purpose.

Flywheel 1 is provided with visable indicia.Visable indicia is a certain or its combination of color mark, body form mark or rotational angle mark.

Three, sensor and Electrical Bicycle connect into morpet: Hall 3 is fixed on the position that can experience permanent magnets 2 magnetic flow on the vehicle frame 53 near permanent magnets 2; Power-assisted model treater 21, the D and A converter 27 of Signal Processing Element and after op amp 28 links to each other successively, Hall 3 links to each other with power-assisted model treater 21, and op amp 28 links to each other with the electric machine controller 29 of Electrical Bicycle.Realize the purpose of sensor electricity consumption signal control Electrical Bicycle, namely used the power-assisted model simulation signal of op amp 28, or claimed standard power-assisted model simulation signal control Electrical Bicycle, obtained morpet.

Establish the morpet of many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer on embodiment 2, the high density flywheel

Such as Fig. 2,3,4,6, a face of the flywheel 1 that diameter is 10.0 centimetres arranges 40 permanent magnets 2 of 0.6 centimetre of diameter.The magnetic flow of permanent magnets 2 is 146---279 (BH) max/KJm ^-3Different selective value in the scope, and the magnetic flow that faces mutually permanent magnets 2 is unequal, Hall 3 keeps 0.2 centimetre spacing distance with each permanent magnets 2 of rotary state, makes each permanent magnets 2 of rotation through Hall 3 time, and Hall 3 can produce the square-wave signal output of a correspondence.Other structure is same as embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3, the morpet of establishing many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer on the flywheel of physical circuit is arranged

Such as Fig. 1,3,5,6, such as embodiment 1, sensor comprises sensitive member, power-assisted model treater 21, D and A converter 27 and the op amp 28 that connects successively;

［ 1 ］ Hall in the sensitive member 3 is selected UGN3075; The structure of other element and element is same as embodiment 1 in the sensitive member;

［ 2 ］ power-assisted model treater 21 selects micro controller system 31 to finish repertoire, and micro controller system 31 is selected AT89S52.It is the repertoire that AT89S52 micro controller system 31 is finished analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer 22, power-assisted starting point finder 23, magnetic patch rotating speed calculator 24, power-assisted model memory device 25 and power-assisted model calculator 26.

［ 3 ］ ADC-C8E is selected in D and A converter 27.

［ 4 ］ op amp 28 is selected OF-17F, is connected with the thermally dependent resistor R6 of 5k between input end 2 pin of OF-17F op amp 28 and mouth 6 pin; And thermally dependent resistor R6 two ends also are parallel with 8P capacitor C 6.Use the R5 ground connection of 1.25k between 4 pin of D and A converter 27 and 2 pin of op amp 28.The analog signal voltage scope that makes its available temperature-sensitive resistance R 6 regulate the output of op amp 286 pin is stabilized between the 0.8--4.2V.

Each electronic unit annexation is as follows:

Signal output part 3 pin of Hall 3 connect 12 pin INTO ［ P32 ］ of micro controller system 31;

12 pin B8 of 39 pin P00 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;

11 pin B7 of 38 pin P01 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;

10 pin B6 of 37 pin P02 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;

9 pin B5 of 36 pin P03 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;

8 pin B4 of 35 pin P04 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;

7 pin B3 of 34 pin P05 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;

6 pin B2 of 33 pin P06 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;

5 pin B1 of 32 pin P07 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters 27 of micro controller system 31;

2 pin of 4 pin concatenation operation amplifiers 28 of D and A converter 27;

3 pin of 2 pin concatenation operation amplifiers 28 of D and A converter 27;

6 pin of op amp 28 are analog signal output.

［ 5 ］ mechanical part of sensor and sensing element structural relation: the mechanical part of sensor comprises flywheel 1, and the sensing element of sensor comprises a plurality of permanent magnets 2, Hall 3, micro controller system 31, D and A converter 27 and op amp 28; Hall 3, micro controller system 31, D and A converter 27 and 28 4 electronic components of op amp of linking to each other successively in the sensing element are located on the circuit card 59; Hall 3 on the circuit card 59 is located at the magnetic flow that can experience permanent magnets 2, and Hall 3 can be according to the position of magnetic flux change exporting change electric signal.Hall 3, micro controller system 31, D and A converter 27 and 28 4 electronic components of op amp of linking to each other successively are located on the circuit card 59, be conducive to these four electronic component integrations, modularization, miniaturization, convenient whole unified being fixed on the vehicle frame 53 of these four electronic components.

Claims (7)

1. establish the morpet of many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer on the flywheel, comprise Electrical Bicycle and sensor, flywheel (1) is arranged on the rear wheel of Electrical Bicycle, Electrical Bicycle has vehicle frame (53), battery on the Electrical Bicycle (55) connects electric machine controller (29), and electric machine controller (29) connects the motor (30) on the wheel; It is characterized in that:

The structure of sensor and the annexation of parts are as follows:

Sensor comprises sensitive member, power-assisted model treater (21), D and A converter (27) and the op amp (28) that connects successively;

［ 1 ］ sensitive member is the element that the rotational motion of flywheel (1) is become square-wave signal output;

Comprise that sensitive member comprises flywheel (1) and many pieces of permanent magnets (2), be fixedly installed many pieces of permanent magnets (2) on the flywheel (1), these many pieces of permanent magnets (2) equably rounded track distribute, and namely every piece of permanent magnets (2) is identical to the distance between identical, the adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets of distance (2) at circle center, circular rail trace (5) place; In certain one side of flywheel (1), the magnetic polarity of adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets (2) is opposite, and namely simultaneously to go up the magnetic polarity distribution mode of whole permanent magnets (2) be the N utmost point, the S utmost point, the N utmost point, the S utmost point, the N utmost point, the S utmost point for certain of flywheel (1) Have at least the magnetic flow of two pieces of permanent magnets (2) not identical;

Also comprise a Hall (3), Hall (3) is positioned at certain one side of flywheel (1), and Hall (3) is located at the position that also can experience permanent magnets (2) magnetic flow near permanent magnets (2), between Hall (3) and the permanent magnets (2) spacing is arranged; Hall (3) is the Hall that opposite magnetic polarities is produced the square wave output signal;

［ 2 ］ power-assisted model treater (21) is the signal form conv that the digital signal that flywheel (1) rotates is become power-assisted model digital signal;

Power-assisted model treater (21) comprises analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer (22), power-assisted starting point finder (23), magnetic patch rotating speed calculator (24), power-assisted model memory device (25) and power-assisted model calculator (26);

Analogue to digital conversion is connected 22 with the crest recognizer) be connected with sensitive member, the peak value of each square wave identified the square-wave signal of Hall in the sensitive member (3) input by analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer (22), each square-wave signal is become different digital signals, each square wave is marked, and analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer (22) output mark have the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order;

Analogue to digital conversion is connected 22 with the crest recognizer) be connected 24 with power-assisted starting point finder (23) with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator respectively) be connected, power-assisted starting point finder (23) is connected with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator (24); Magnetic patch rotating speed calculator (24) has the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order to calculate the rotating speed of flywheel (1) with the mark of analogue to digital conversion and crest recognizer (22) input, and the rotating speed digital signal of flywheel (1) passed to power-assisted starting point finder (23), power-assisted starting point finder (23) has the magnetic patch motion digital signal of magnetic patch position order with mark, and these two signals of the rotating speed digital signal of flywheel (1) determine some squares wave corresponding to power-assisted starting point under certain speed conditions, namely determine power-assisted starting point magnetic patch;

Power-assisted starting point finder (23) is connected 24 with magnetic patch rotating speed calculator) all be connected with power-assisted model calculator (26) respectively, power-assisted model memory device (25) also is connected with power-assisted model calculator (26); Power-assisted model calculator (26) the power-assisted starting point magnetic patch of power-assisted starting point finder (23), with a certain power-assisted pattern function of selecting with these two conditions of flywheel (1) rotating speed of magnetic patch rotating speed calculator (24) in the power-assisted model memory device (25), and with power-assisted starting point magnetic patch and these two condition substitution power-assisted pattern functions of flywheel (1) rotating speed, calculate the power-assisted model digital signal of these two conditions of being fit to, i.e. power-assisted model calculator (26) output power-assisted model digital signal;

［ 3 ］ D and A converter (27) is the analog signal that power-assisted model digital signal is converted to the power-assisted model;

Power-assisted model calculator (26) is connected with D and A converter (27), and D and A converter (27) converts the power-assisted model digital signal of power-assisted model calculator (26) to power-assisted model simulation signal;

［ 4 ］ op amp (28) is the power-assisted model simulation signal that the power-assisted model simulation signal of D and A converter (27) is converted to the range of nominal tension;

The annexation of sensor and Electrical Bicycle is: Hall (3) is fixed on the position that can experience permanent magnets (2) magnetic flow on the vehicle frame (53) near permanent magnets (2), and the signal output lead of op amp in the sensor (28) is connected with the signal input part of the electric machine controller (29) of Electrical Bicycle.

2. establish the morpet of many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer on the flywheel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise thermally dependent resistor R6, thermally dependent resistor R6 is connected between the input end and mouth of op amp (28).

3. establish the morpet of many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer on the flywheel according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: power-assisted model treater (21) is micro controller system (31), is connected with clock circuit (32) on the micro controller system (31);

The mechanical part of sensor and sensing element structural relation: the mechanical part of sensor comprises flywheel (1), and the sensing element of sensor comprises a plurality of permanent magnets (2), Hall (3), micro controller system (31), D and A converter (27) and op amp (28); Hall (3), micro controller system (31), D and A converter (27) and (28) four electronic components of op amp of linking to each other successively in the sensing element are located on the circuit card (59); The position that circuit card (59) is located on the vehicle frame (52) can make Hall (3) experience the magnetic flow of permanent magnets (2), and the position of circuit card (59) makes the Hall (3) can be according to the movement output electric signal of permanent magnets (2).

4. establish the morpet of many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer on the flywheel according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: Hall (3) is UGN3075, power-assisted model treater (21) is AT89S52 micro controller system (31), and D and A converter (27) is ADC-C8E; Op amp (28) is OF-17F, is connected with thermally dependent resistor R6 between input end 2 pin of OF-17F op amp (28) and mouth 6 pin; Each parts annexation is as follows:

Signal output part 3 pin of Hall (3) connect 12 pin INTO ［ P32 ］ of micro controller system (31);

12 pin B8 of 39 pin P00 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters (27) of micro controller system (31);

11 pin B7 of 38 pin P01 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters (27) of micro controller system (31);

10 pin B6 of 37 pin P02 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters (27) of micro controller system (31);

9 pin B5 of 36 pin P03 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters (27) of micro controller system (31);

8 pin B4 of 35 pin P04 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters (27) of micro controller system (31);

7 pin B3 of 34 pin P05 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters (27) of micro controller system (31);

6 pin B2 of 33 pin P06 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters (27) of micro controller system (31);

5 pin B1 of 32 pin P07 linking number weighted-voltage D/A converters (27) of micro controller system (31);

2 pin of 4 pin concatenation operation amplifiers (28) of D and A converter (27);

3 pin of 2 pin concatenation operation amplifiers (28) of D and A converter (27);

6 pin of op amp (28) are analog signal output.

5. establish according to claim 1-4 the morpet of many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer on any one described flywheel, it is characterized in that: Hall (3) is located between interior circular trajectory and the outer ring trajectory.

6. establish according to claim 1-4 the morpet of many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer on any one described flywheel, it is characterized in that: have at least the magnetic flow of one piece of permanent magnets (2) to be not equal to the magnetic flow of other any one piece of permanent magnets (2).

7. establish the morpet of many magnetic patch uneven distribution magnetic flux transducer on the flywheel according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: flywheel (1) is provided with visable indicia.

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