The special-purpose upsetting pressure mould of automobile engine crankshaft edging connecting shaping
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of improvement of automobile engine crankshaft production mould, specifically the special-purpose upsetting pressure mould of a kind of automobile engine crankshaft edging connecting shaping.
Background technology
Automobile engine crankshaft is important parts on the automobile engine, and its structure comprises trunnion and connecting rod neck, and off-centre is arranged between the two, and not on an axis, trunnion is installed on the cylinder body of engine again, and connecting rod neck is connected with crank pin end pore.Its material is made by carbon steel or spheroidal graphite cast-iron.Because be off-centre between trunnion and the connecting rod neck, again not on an axis, space between the two is irregular again, so the production difficult forming.At present, can adopt die forging production for small crank.Generally adopt upsetting processing for automobile engine crankshaft, utilize bending and upsetting mould or the upsetting of multiple operation open die forging out at large-scale hydraulic press.The deficiency that adopts free upsetting to produce automobile engine crankshaft is: the shortcomings such as complex process, production cost is high, energy waste is large, production efficiency is low, low precision, and because the complex structure of automobile engine crankshaft, so be difficult to guarantee forging flow lines, must leave larger processing system amount, cause waste of material.At present, the report that adopts the one-step method electroslag casting process to produce automobile engine crankshaft is arranged also, but because there being the shortcomings such as equipment is complicated, technique is difficult to accurate control, production efficiency is low, so be difficult to be applied in the production practices.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of and not only can reduces labor intensity, enhances productivity, and technique is simple, energy savings, need not cut edge, machining accuracy is higher, production cost the is low special-purpose upsetting pressure mould of automobile engine crankshaft edging connecting shaping.
In order to reach above purpose, the technical scheme that the utility model adopts is: the special-purpose upsetting pressure mould of this automobile engine crankshaft edging connecting shaping, at first will be by producing the required hot round steel bar anticipating long cutting, also heat of automobile engine crankshaft, the employing cross wedge rolling machine is rolled into the many Step Shafts similar in appearance to automobile engine crankshaft, and then will become the automobile engine crankshaft finished product similar in appearance to many Step Shafts upsetting pressure of automobile engine crankshaft with the special-purpose upsetting pressure mould of automobile engine crankshaft edging connecting shaping.The diameter of hot round steel bar is consistent with the rotation diameter that automobile engine crankshaft turns section, places heating in the Medium Frequency Induction Heating Furnace, is heated to 1030-1100 ℃, is hot round steel bar, it is characterized in that: comprise that also following procedure of processing finishes:
A, adopt cross wedge rolling machine to be rolled into many Step Shafts similar in appearance to automobile engine crankshaft hot round steel bar: the upper and lower roll that rolls at cross wedge rolling machine is equipped with rolling mold, plays the angle of wedge a first time of rolling mold
1Middle part wedging from hot round steel bar is shunk hot round steel bar warp-wise, extends axially; Play for the second time angle of wedge a
2Divide left and right two, with the angle of wedge a first time
1Symmetry, and play for the first time angle of wedge a
1The length of spacing distance and automobile engine crankshaft connecting rod neck and the thickness sum of the wheeled crank of adjacent ellipses consistent, along playing for the first time angle of wedge a
1The further warp-wise in ordinate position shrinks, the axially extended while, plays for the second time angle of wedge a
2Also make warp-wise and shrink, do to two ends axial extension; Play for the third time angle of wedge a
3Also divide left and right two, also with the angle of wedge a first time
1Symmetry, and play for the second time angle of wedge a
2The length of spacing distance and corresponding automobile engine crankshaft connecting rod neck and the thickness sum of the wheeled crank of adjacent ellipses consistent, playing angle of wedge a along first and second time
1, a
2The further warp-wise in ordinate position shrink, axially when extension, play for the third time angle of wedge a
3Also make warp-wise and shrink, do to two ends axial extension; Meanwhile, left end connected wedge is played in step head position and wedge is played in right-hand member connecting axle head position, playing an angle of wedge is a
4When upper and lower roller rotational after one week, the many Step Shafts similar in appearance to automobile engine crankshaft namely have been rolled into; This many Step Shafts similar in appearance to automobile engine crankshaft comprise that center axis, four crank place wheels, right-hand members connect spindle nose and are connected the step head with left end; The diameter of its center axis is 5.1cm; Four crank place wheel diameters are 8cm, and are consistent with the diameter of hot round steel bar; The axle center of center axis is in the center of four crank place wheels, and on an axis;
B, the rolling automobile engine crankshaft connecting rod neck of upsetting pressure and the oval wheeled crank that is connected thereof: at first prepare special-purpose upsetting pressure mould, adopt hydraulic press to carry out upsetting pressure; With steps A in the oval wheeled crank that rolls out the automobile engine crankshaft connecting rod neck and be connected similar in appearance to the corresponding position upsetting pressure of four crank places wheels of many Step Shafts of automobile engine crankshaft that rolls out;
C, finishing: with the automobile engine crankshaft blank that upsetting pressure in the B step goes out, adopt lathe to connecting rod neck and axle journal car light, be the automobile engine crankshaft finished product.
The special-purpose upsetting pressure mould of automobile engine crankshaft edging connecting shaping, comprise upper and lower upsetting pressure mould, the structure of upper and lower upsetting pressure mould is identical, be equipped with the axle journal place corresponding with the automobile engine crankshaft axle journal along the transversal centerline of upper and lower upsetting pressure mould and embed semi-circular groove, axle journal place on the upper and lower upsetting pressure mould embeds the axle journal that forms automobile engine crankshaft behind the semi-circular groove make-up and embeds round chamber, and it is consistent with the diameter of the axle journal of automobile engine crankshaft that its axle journal embeds the diameter in round chamber; On upper and lower upsetting pressure mould, with four positions that crank places wheel is corresponding similar in appearance to many Step Shafts of automobile engine crankshaft that roll out in the steps A, be equipped with crank place wheel and embed semi-circular groove, after crank place wheel on the upper and lower upsetting pressure mould embeds semi-circular groove make-up, form crank place wheel and embed the chamber; Simultaneously, with steps A in the right-hand member similar in appearance to many Step Shafts of automobile engine crankshaft that rolls out connect the corresponding position of spindle nose, be equipped with right-hand member connection spindle nose on its upper and lower upsetting pressure mould and embed semi-circular groove, formation right-hand member connection spindle nose embedded round chamber after the right-hand member connection spindle nose on the upper and lower upsetting pressure mould embedded semi-circular groove make-up; Connect the corresponding position of step head at the left end similar in appearance to many Step Shafts of automobile engine crankshaft, be equipped with left end connection step head on its upper and lower upsetting pressure mould and embed semi-circular groove, formation left end connection step head embedded round chamber after the left end connection step head on the upper and lower upsetting pressure mould embedded semi-circular groove make-up; The wall center line of the semi-circular groove of crank place wheel embedding on upper and lower upsetting pressure mould is respectively equipped with the upper and lower upsetting pressure pressing plate patchhole perpendicular to axis, the width of upsetting pressure pressing plate patchhole is consistent with the length of automobile engine crankshaft connecting rod neck, and upper and lower upsetting pressure pressing plate inserts in the upper and lower upsetting pressure pressing plate patchhole from the upper and lower upsetting pressure mould respectively; On described, one side of lower upsetting pressure pressing plate is equipped with half slot, on, form circular cavity behind the half slot make-up on the lower upsetting pressure pressing plate, the diameter of circular cavity is consistent with the diameter of the connecting rod neck of automobile engine crankshaft, on, the seat end of lower upsetting pressure pressing plate connects respectively, lower hydraulic press, by upper, on lower hydraulic press drives, lower upsetting pressure pressing plate is pressed into, in the lower upsetting pressure pressing plate patchhole, on being pressed into, when lower upsetting pressure pressing plate contacts, just the crank place of the many Step Shafts that roll out in steps A wheel is separated out adjacent ellipses formula crank, and upsetting pressure goes out the connecting rod neck of automobile engine crankshaft, after the demoulding, can make the automobile engine crankshaft blank; Crank place wheel on upper and lower upsetting pressure mould embeds a semi-circular groove end corresponding with the compacting connecting rod neck and is provided with 1/4th oval arc-shaped groove, form semiellipse camber chamber behind the upper and lower upsetting pressure mould make-up, and embed round chamber with crank place wheel and connect as one, the crank place wheel of the many Step Shafts that contact at upper and lower upsetting pressure pressing plate, roll out in steps A is separated out in the process of adjacent ellipses formula crank, clout is squeezed in the semiellipse camber chamber, forms the elliptic crank.
On the described upper and lower upsetting pressure mould, be provided with the fixing threaded hole of upper and lower upsetting pressure mould, adopt screw rod to penetrate in the fixing threaded hole, with nut upper and lower upsetting pressure mould make-up is fixed.
The two ends of the half slot on the described upper and lower upsetting pressure pressing plate are equipped with the step semicircle.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: method and the mould thereof of producing automobile engine crankshaft with the free upsetting of present employing are compared, owing to having adopted cross wedge rolling machine at first to roll out many Step Shafts similar in appearance to automobile engine crankshaft, and the technology that the rolling this many Step Shafts of cross wedge rolling machine are a kind of maturations, and have advantages of material-saving, energy-conservation, precision is high, rapid shaping, institute thinks energy-conservation, material-saving, high accuracy, producing automobile engine crankshaft has created condition fast; On this basis, carry out again connecting rod neck and a upsetting pressure moulding of crank, the upsetting pressure amount is significantly reduced, also significantly reduce the upsetting pressure position, so, can reduce pressure, even if baby press also can be finished the upsetting pressure task, thereby reduced equipment, reduced again energy consumption, made the production cost decrease.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that cross wedge rolling die of the present utility model launches schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the many Step Shafts structure schematic top plan view similar in appearance to automobile engine crankshaft of the utility model Regularity of Workpiece of Cross Wedge Rolling;
Fig. 3 is the structure schematic top plan view of lower upsetting pressure mould of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is that the utility model is along Fig. 3 A-A cross-sectional schematic;
Fig. 5 is the structure schematic side view of lower upsetting pressure pressing plate of the present utility model;
Fig. 6 of the present utility modelly analyses and observe enlarged diagram along Fig. 5 B-B;
Fig. 7 is finished product automobile engine crankshaft schematic top plan view of the present utility model.
Among the figure: 1, upper and lower roll; 2, hot round steel bar; 3, similar in appearance to many Step Shafts of automobile engine crankshaft; 31, center axis; 32, crank place wheel; 33, right-hand member connects spindle nose; 34, left end connects the step head; 4, upper and lower upsetting pressure mould; 5, the axle journal place embeds semi-circular groove; 6, crank place wheel embeds semi-circular groove; 7, right-hand member connection spindle nose embeds semi-circular groove; 8, left end connects step head embedding semicircle grooved; 9, upper and lower upsetting pressure pressing plate patchhole; 10, upper and lower upsetting pressure pressing plate; 11, fixing threaded hole; 12, step semicircle; 13, half slot; 14,1/4th oval arc-shaped groove; 15, connecting rod neck; 16, elliptic crank; 17, axle journal.
The specific embodiment
Make the utility model with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7.The special-purpose upsetting pressure mould of this automobile engine crankshaft edging connecting shaping, at first will be by producing the required hot round steel bar anticipating long cutting, also heat of automobile engine crankshaft, the employing cross wedge rolling machine is rolled into the many Step Shafts similar in appearance to automobile engine crankshaft, and then will become the automobile engine crankshaft finished product similar in appearance to many Step Shafts upsetting pressure of automobile engine crankshaft with the special-purpose upsetting pressure mould of automobile engine crankshaft edging connecting shaping.The diameter of hot round steel bar is consistent with the rotation diameter that automobile engine crankshaft turns section, places heating in the Medium Frequency Induction Heating Furnace, is heated to 1030-1100 ℃, is hot round steel bar, it is characterized in that: comprise that also following procedure of processing finishes:
A, adopt cross wedge rolling machines to be rolled into many Step Shafts 3 similar in appearance to automobile engine crankshaft hot round steel bar 2: the upper and lower roll 1 that rolls at cross wedge rolling machine is equipped with rolling mold, plays the angle of wedge a first time of rolling mold
1Middle part wedging from hot round steel bar 2 is shunk hot round steel bar 2 warp-wises, extends axially; Play for the second time angle of wedge a
2Divide left and right two, with the angle of wedge a first time
1Symmetry, and play for the first time angle of wedge a
1The length of spacing distance and automobile engine crankshaft connecting rod neck 15 and the thickness sum of the wheeled crank 16 of adjacent ellipses consistent, along playing for the first time angle of wedge a
1The further warp-wise in ordinate position shrinks, the axially extended while, plays for the second time angle of wedge a
2Also make warp-wise and shrink, do to two ends axial extension; Play for the third time angle of wedge a
3Also divide left and right two, also with the angle of wedge a first time
1Symmetry, and play for the second time angle of wedge a
2The length of spacing distance and corresponding automobile engine crankshaft connecting rod neck 15 and the thickness sum of the wheeled crank 16 of adjacent ellipses consistent, playing angle of wedge a along first and second time
1, a
2The further warp-wise in ordinate position shrink, axially when extension, play for the third time angle of wedge a
3Also make warp-wise and shrink, do to two ends axial extension; Meanwhile, left end is connected step head 34 positions play wedge and is connected spindle nose 33 positions with right-hand member and plays wedge, an angle of wedge is a
4After upper and lower roll 1 rotates a circle, the many Step Shafts 3 similar in appearance to automobile engine crankshaft namely have been rolled into; This many Step Shafts 3 similar in appearance to automobile engine crankshaft comprise that center axis 31, four crank place wheels 32, right-hand members connect spindle nose 33 and are connected step head 34 with left end; The diameter of its center axis 31 is 5.1cm; It is 8cm that 32 diameters are taken turns at four crank places, consistent with the diameter of hot round steel bar 2; The axle center of center axis 31 is in the center of four crank place wheels 32, and on an axis;
B, the rolling automobile engine crankshaft connecting rod neck 15 of upsetting pressure and the oval wheeled crank 16 that is connected thereof: at first prepare special-purpose upsetting pressure mould, adopt hydraulic press to carry out upsetting pressure; With steps A in four crank places similar in appearance to many Step Shafts 3 of automobile engine crankshaft of rolling out take turns the oval wheeled crank 16 that 32 corresponding position upsetting pressures roll out automobile engine crankshaft connecting rod neck 15 and are connected, thereby the upsetting pressure amount is significantly reduced, also significantly reduce the upsetting pressure position, so, can reduce pressure, even if baby press also can be finished the upsetting pressure task, thereby reduce equipment, reduced again energy consumption, made the production cost decrease;
C, finishing: with the automobile engine crankshaft blank that upsetting pressure in the B step goes out, adopt lathe to connecting rod neck 15 and axle journal 17 car light, be the automobile engine crankshaft finished product.
The special-purpose upsetting pressure mould of automobile engine crankshaft edging connecting shaping, comprise upper and lower upsetting pressure mould 4, the structure of upper and lower upsetting pressure mould 4 is identical, be equipped with the axle journal place corresponding with automobile engine crankshaft axle journal 17 along the transversal centerline of upper and lower upsetting pressure mould 4 and embed semi-circular groove 5, axle journal place on the upper and lower upsetting pressure mould 4 embeds the axle journal that forms automobile engine crankshaft behind semi-circular groove 5 make-ups and embeds round chamber, and it is consistent with the diameter of the axle journal 17 of automobile engine crankshaft that its axle journal embeds the diameter in round chamber; On upper and lower upsetting pressure mould 4, take turns 32 corresponding positions with four the crank places similar in appearance to many Step Shafts 3 of automobile engine crankshaft that roll out in the steps A, be equipped with crank place wheel and embed semi-circular groove 6, after crank place wheel on the upper and lower upsetting pressure mould 4 embeds semi-circular groove 6 make-ups, form crank place wheel and embed the chamber; Simultaneously, with steps A in the right-hand member similar in appearance to many Step Shafts 3 of automobile engine crankshaft that rolls out connect the corresponding position of spindle nose 33, be equipped with right-hand member connection spindle nose on its upper and lower upsetting pressure mould 4 and embed semi-circular groove 7, formation right-hand member connection spindle nose embedded round chamber after the right-hand member connection spindle nose on the upper and lower upsetting pressure mould 4 embedded semi-circular groove 7 make-ups; Connect the corresponding position of step head 34 at the left end similar in appearance to many Step Shafts 3 of automobile engine crankshaft, be equipped with left end connection step head on its upper and lower upsetting pressure mould 4 and embed semi-circular groove 8, formation left end connection step head embedded round chamber after the left end connection step head on the upper and lower upsetting pressure mould 4 embedded semi-circular groove 8 make-ups; Like this, can make in the die cavity of upsetting pressure mould 4 under the putting into of many Step Shaft 3 integral body of automobile engine crankshaft that rolls out in the steps A, and then buckle upsetting pressure mould 4, and make upper and lower upsetting pressure mould 4 be fixed as an integral body; The wall center line of the semi-circular groove 6 of crank place wheel embedding on upper and lower upsetting pressure mould 4 is respectively equipped with the upper and lower upsetting pressure pressing plate patchhole 9 perpendicular to axis, the width of upsetting pressure pressing plate patchhole 9 is consistent with the length of automobile engine crankshaft connecting rod neck 15, and upper and lower upsetting pressure pressing plate 10 is the upper and lower upsetting pressure pressing plate patchhole 9 interior insertions from the upper and lower upsetting pressure mould 4 respectively; On described, one side of lower upsetting pressure pressing plate 10 is equipped with half slot 13, on, form circular cavity behind half slot 13 make-ups on the lower upsetting pressure pressing plate 10, the diameter of circular cavity is consistent with the diameter of the connecting rod neck of automobile engine crankshaft 15, go out the connecting rod neck 15 of automobile engine crankshaft in order to pressure rolling, on, the seat end of lower upsetting pressure pressing plate 10 connects respectively, lower hydraulic press, by upper, on lower hydraulic press drives, lower upsetting pressure pressing plate 10 is pressed into, in the lower upsetting pressure pressing plate patchhole 9, on being pressed into, when lower upsetting pressure pressing plate 10 contacts, just the crank place of the many Step Shafts that roll out in steps A wheel 32 is separated out adjacent ellipses formula crank 16, and upsetting pressure goes out the connecting rod neck 15 of automobile engine crankshaft, after the demoulding, can make the automobile engine crankshaft blank; Crank place on upper and lower upsetting pressure mould 4 wheel embeds semi-circular groove 6 end corresponding with suppressing connecting rod neck 15 and is provided with 1/4th oval arc-shaped groove 14, form semiellipse camber chamber behind upper and lower upsetting pressure mould 4 make-ups, and embed round chamber with crank place wheel and connect as one, the crank place wheel 32 of the many Step Shafts that contact at upper and lower upsetting pressure pressing plate 10, roll out in steps A is separated out in the process of adjacent ellipses formula crank 16, clout is squeezed in the semiellipse camber chamber, forms elliptic crank 16.
On the described upper and lower upsetting pressure mould 4, be provided with the fixing threaded hole 11 of upper and lower upsetting pressure mould 4, adopt screw rod to penetrate in the fixing threaded hole 11, with nut upper and lower upsetting pressure mould 4 make-ups are fixed.
The two ends of the half slot 13 on the described upper and lower upsetting pressure pressing plate 10 are equipped with step semicircle 12.