CN202762165U - Nuclear waste water pre-treating device - Google Patents
Nuclear waste water pre-treating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN202762165U CN202762165U CN 201220408488 CN201220408488U CN202762165U CN 202762165 U CN202762165 U CN 202762165U CN 201220408488 CN201220408488 CN 201220408488 CN 201220408488 U CN201220408488 U CN 201220408488U CN 202762165 U CN202762165 U CN 202762165U
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- waste water
- uranium
- nuclear waste
- cylindrical shell
- filter screen
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Abstract
A nuclear waste water pre-treating device comprises a barrel body, wherein a water inlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the barrel body, a cylindrical filter screen is fixedly installed inside the barrel body, the axis of the cylindrical filter screen coincides with the axis of the barrel body, and a water outlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the cylindrical filter screen and extends to the outside of the barrel body. The nuclear waste water pre-treating device can remove other solid impurities in nuclear waste water, facilitates follow-up adsorption treatment of the nuclear waste water and improves the treatment effect and efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the environmental protection sciemtifec and technical sphere, is specifically related to a kind of nuclear waste water pretreatment unit.
Background technology
Nuclear energy is as the energy of a kind of maturation, economy and cleaning, the trend that becomes world's main energy sources is arranged, in each main production link of nuclear power industry and radioisotopic application, can produce a large amount of uranium-bearing radioactive wastewaters, such as the refining and nuclear fuel of the exploitation of uranium ore and hydrometallurgy waste water, uranium is made the post processing waste water of waste water, reactor operation waste water, reactor fuel, produces the waste water that radio isotope produces and used radioisotopic factory and research department produces waste water etc.
Become under the situation that solves current energy scarcity problem at development and use nuclear energy, carry out the basic research of processing the uranium-bearing radioactive wastewater, to the safe utilization of nuclear energy, construction of national economy, social progress and harmonious society etc. all had extremely important realistic meaning.
Up to now, the processing research of uranium-bearing radioactive wastewater mainly contained following several method:
The precipitation method and coagulant sedimentation: because the compounds such as the hydroxide of radionuclide, carbonate, phosphate are insoluble mostly in the waste water, therefore process and to be removed by chemical precipitation.On this basis, in conjunction with flocculation process, by forming a large amount of flocculation sediments, can further improve its clearance as again.
In the process of the processing uranium waste water such as lime, metal ion and hydroxide ion or acid group react, and have generated hydroxide or other indissoluble salts precipitation of indissoluble.By chemical precipitation and carrier coprecipitation effect, uranium is separated, thereby reached the purpose that purifies uranium waste water.In the general research, the removal efficient of uranium is 85%.Luo Mingbiao has studied the condition that magnesium hydroxide is processed the uranium-bearing radioactive wastewater, and result of the test shows, the magnesium hydroxide inorganic agent has good treatment effect to the low-activity uranium-containing waste water.
The people such as Zhang Youxian adopt coagulant sedimentation to process the trace-level activity waste water such as uranium-bearing, thorium.Its result shows: adopting aluminium polychloride, bodied ferric sulfate is coagulant, and take polyacrylamide as flocculation aid, the clearance of uranium is 70～90%, and effect stability, muddy water are easy to separate.Ren Junshu etc. have carried out the flocculation sediment experiment for the higher low level waste water of salt content.The result shows: increase flocculant dosage and reduce the waste water pH value that initially begins and can improve the flocculating effect of uranium.Wherein, the control of pH value is the key that obtains the high clearance of uranium.Work as Fe
2+Dosage is that 100mg/L, initial pH on wastewater are 6 o'clock, and the clearance of uranium can reach more than 95.5%.
Generally speaking, this method has the advantages such as treatment process is simple, cost is lower, but its shortcoming also clearly.The clearance of uranium does not reach requirement, and flocculation reaction is subjected to the restriction of the conditions such as acid-base value, ion concentration, reaction temperature and reaction time of the aqueous solution, so operating condition is harsh.The control of pH value is bad, can directly affect result, causes water treatment effect relatively poor.Meanwhile, the mud amount of generation is also larger.
Extraction: Su Kaizhou adopts " removing in hydrofluoric acid one lime and one or three grades of extractions of adjust pH " technique that low concentration uranium thorium waste water is processed, and the mass concentration of uranium is reduced to the 0.05mg/L of water outlet in the water outlet by 8.5mg/L.Reached the limiting concentration of uranium in the open water of national regulation, but technique is complicated, disposal cost is higher.
Membrane separation process: because UO
2 2+HNO at 1mol/L
3In the system, easily extracted (0.001mol/LHNO under low sour condition by tributyl phosphate
3) stripped.Utilize this characteristic, with tributyl phosphate-hydrogenation kerosene and surfactant and 0.001mol/LHNO
3The water-in-oil type emulsion film of making under strong agitation is processed uranium-containing waste water, and through three grades of continuous countercurrent treatment, the mass concentration of uranium is reduced to 7.1 μ g/L from 4mol/L.In the experimentation liquid film Reusability 10 times, its performance has no significant change.In the liquid film separation process, the factor such as select of disengaging time, foreign minister's pH value, coexisting ion and surfactant all has obvious impact to effect and the efficient that film separates.The human hydrophobic polypropylene hollow-fibre membranes such as Sun Xianbo are made film abstractor, have studied the disposition of two (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid kerosene film to low concentration uranium-bearing wastewater.The result show extraction yield in time increase and increase, improve within the specific limits aqueous phase flow rate and can improve the membrane extraction rate.The factors such as membrane extraction efficient and aqueous pH values and aqueous phase flow rate have closely related.Advantages such as it is high that membrane separation process has the contaminant removal rate, can reclaim the slaine in the waste water, and technique is simple, but its investment is higher, and film need be under lock and key, and fenestra easily stops up, and has limited its extensive use.
Phytoremediation: phytoremediation technology mainly contains two kinds: i.e. Artificial Wetland Techniques and rhizosphere filtering technique.Artificial swamp refer to utilize artificial construction and Supervised Control be suitable for water plant or hygrophyte marshland growth, through engineering approaches carries out a kind of pollution control technique of wastewater treatment.Adopt the operating cost of wetland method processing uranium-containing waste water far below conventional method for treating water, but the removal effect of uranium only have an appointment 50%.Up to now, research and the example of using artificial wet land processing industrial wastewater are still rare.
The rhizosphere filtering technique mainly is to utilize active group such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, phosphate and amido etc. on the cell membrane with uranium quantitative association reaction to occur, or is deposited on the cell membrane by physical absorption formation inorganic precipitation.The rhizosphere filtering technique has the advantages such as higher treatment effeciency, selective high, pH value and temperature range be wide, in processing large tracts of land low concentration uranium-bearing wastewater field preferably application prospect is arranged.Current studies show that: water hyacinth, Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides lam.Var.Batvachium(Hand.-Mazz.) et shan etc. have the water plant of flourishing fibrous root system and very high biological yield can be in water effectively removal heavy metal and radionuclide, especially be fit to the rhizosphere filtering technique.But this technology also exists many problems to be solveds in practical and course of industrialization: how to process as after the plant root adsorption uranium, how the rhizosphere filtering technique operates and how to control concrete operating condition in actual applications, how from the good hyperaccumulative plant of function and two aspect developings of cost and rhizosphere microorganism etc.
Absorption method: absorption method is simple to operate, and treatment effeciency is high, is one of main method of processing at present uranium waste water.The carrier that is used for adsorption uranium mainly contains the hydrous oxide of activated carbon, clay, metal and algae mushroom etc.The people such as Li Di adopt the experimental result of charcoal treatment uranium waste water to show: the factors such as the content of uranium, adsorption time have no significant effect the removal of uranium in the shape of active carbon (powder or granular), the water sample, the mass concentration of uranium is 0.417mg/L in water sample, add the 1g powdered active carbon, stir 1min, the clearance of uranium is 35.5% only in the water sample, is difficult to carry out on a large scale industrial applications.Cao Xiaohong etc. have studied the absorption of shitosan to Uranium in Waste Water, shitosan is 4.5～5.5 to the optimal adsorption pH value scope of uranium, the optimal adsorption time is approximately 4h, and shitosan is about 2.5mg U (VI)/g to the adsorption capacity of uranium, is 90% to the clearance of the uranium in the solution.But because the PH scope is too narrow, adsorption time is long, and treatment effect also can't reach discharge standard, and therefore, the shitosan absorption method also has a suitable segment distance apart from practical application.Song Jinru etc. have studied the performance of Concave-convex clay rod adsorption uranium, and the result shows that its adsorption effect is good, and the clearance of uranium is more than 99.95%, and the concentration of remaining uranium has reached the discharge standard of national regulation in the processed waste water.Stan J Morrison etc. has studied unsetting iron oxide to U (8.4 * 10
-7～2.1 * 10
-3Mol/L, 012～500mg/L) absorption.The result shows, raises with pH, and the adsorbance of U (VI) raises rapidly.FZ El Aamrani etc. has studied 25 ℃ of olivines to the absorption mode of U (VI), find the competitive Adsorption owing to solid-phase coordination body in the aqueous solution, with the increase of U (VI) in carbonate network and the thing in the solution, olivine reduces the adsorbance of U (VI).Harshala Parab etc. study discovery, and the fiber pith of cocoanut shell has good effect to the uranium of removing in the aqueous solution.And the initial concentration etc. of pH value, adsorbent consumption, adsorption time, temperature and uranium of having studied final state solution is on the impact of uranium adsorbance.Ayben Kilislioglu has studied the impact of amberlite IR-118H resin on cation effect and pH in the absorption of U (VI).The result shows, cation radius is larger, and is higher to the adsorbance of U (VI); Amberlite IR-118H resin is 3.4 to the best pH of the absorption of U (VI).Fan Yaoting etc. have studied the preparation condition of hydrated ferric oxide and to the absorption behavior of determination of trace uranium.The result shows, when adding alkali temperature and reaction temperature and be 80 ℃, adsorbent has high specific surface area 172.8m
2G
-1When time of equilibrium adsorption is 30min, adsorption temp is 90 ℃～95 ℃, and during pH value of solution ≈ 6, the uranium adsorbance can reach 122mg/g, but the existence of absorption system mesoboric acid and magnesium sulfate causes the uranium adsorbance to descend.Adsorption by clay U (VI) experimental result of Ma Teng etc. shows, absorption and the pH value of soak of U (VI) on clay is strong non-linear relation, near neutral in the pH value, the adsorbance of U (VI) on clay reached a maximum, and under slant acidity or meta-alkalescence condition, the adsorbance of U (VI) on clay reduces rapidly.
The research work that utilizes microorganism adsorption to process uranium-containing waste water also has many relevant reports.Process uranium ore waste water with algae or fungi, can make uranium content be down to 5.0mg/L.Galun and Keller have studied after the modification penicillium digitatum to the adsorption capacity of uranium.Research finds, with the method for boiling or with reagent such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, methyl-sulfoxide and potassium hydroxide mycelium is carried out preliminary treatment after, the mycelium after the modification all is greatly increased to the adsorption capacity of uranium.
The inventor is conceived to absorption method nuclear waste water is processed, but is utilizing material to the U in the nuclear waste water
4+Or UO
2 2+During ionic adsorption, need to carry out a series of preliminary treatment to nuclear waste water, to strengthen adsorption effect.
The utility model content
The technical problem that the utility model solves is to provide a kind of nuclear waste water pretreatment unit, thereby solves the problem in the above-mentioned background technology.
The technical problem that the utility model solves realizes by the following technical solutions:
A kind of nuclear waste water pretreatment unit, comprise cylindrical shell, the bottom of described cylindrical shell is provided with water inlet pipe, the inside of described cylindrical shell is installed with filter screen cylindraceous, the axis of described cylindric filter screen and the dead in line of described cylindrical shell, the bottom of described cylindric filter screen is connected with outlet pipe, and described outlet pipe extends to the outside of described cylindrical shell.
As a kind of improvement, the top of described cylindrical shell offers venthole.
As a kind of improvement, described water inlet pipe is arranged on the tangential direction of described cylindrical shell.
Owing to having adopted above structure, having the utlity model has following beneficial effect:
The pretreatment unit that the utility model provides, be applicable to the filtration treatment to nuclear waste water, offer fine and closely woven sieve aperture on the cylindric filter screen, also can attach one deck filter membrane in screen surface, other solid impurities in the nuclear waste water are removed, to make things convenient for nuclear waste water to carry out next step adsorption treatment, treatment effect and efficient have been improved.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation.
The specific embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the utility model is realized, reach purpose and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the utility model.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of nuclear waste water pretreatment unit, comprise cylindrical shell 1, the bottom of described cylindrical shell 1 is provided with water inlet pipe 2, the inside of described cylindrical shell 1 is installed with cylindric filter screen 3, the dead in line of the axis of described cylindric filter screen 3 and described cylindrical shell 1, the bottom of described cylindric filter screen 3 is connected with outlet pipe 4, and described outlet pipe 4 extends to the outside of described cylindrical shell 1.
In the present embodiment, the top of described cylindrical shell 1 offers venthole 5.
In the present embodiment, described water inlet pipe 2 is arranged on the tangential direction of described cylindrical shell 1.
Above demonstration and described basic principle of the present utility model and principal character and advantage of the present utility model.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the utility model is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in above-described embodiment and the specification just illustrates principle of the present utility model; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model spirit and scope; the utility model also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in claimed the utility model scope.The claimed scope of the utility model is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (3)
1. nuclear waste water pretreatment unit, comprise cylindrical shell, it is characterized in that: the bottom of described cylindrical shell is provided with water inlet pipe, the inside of described cylindrical shell is installed with filter screen cylindraceous, the axis of described cylindric filter screen and the dead in line of described cylindrical shell, the bottom of described cylindric filter screen is connected with outlet pipe, and described outlet pipe extends to the outside of described cylindrical shell.
2. a kind of nuclear waste water pretreatment unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the top of described cylindrical shell offers venthole.
3. a kind of nuclear waste water pretreatment unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described water inlet pipe is arranged on the tangential direction of described cylindrical shell.
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| CN 201220408488 CN202762165U (en) | 2012-08-17 | 2012-08-17 | Nuclear waste water pre-treating device |
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| CN 201220408488 CN202762165U (en) | 2012-08-17 | 2012-08-17 | Nuclear waste water pre-treating device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109432881A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-03-08 | 核工业理化工程研究院 | The preparation method of radioactive liquid waste adsorption filtration device and absorption filter element |
| CN109830324A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-05-31 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of charging feed liquid and preparation method suitable for pyrolytic incineration method processing Radioactive myocardial damage |
-
2012
- 2012-08-17 CN CN 201220408488 patent/CN202762165U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109432881A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-03-08 | 核工业理化工程研究院 | The preparation method of radioactive liquid waste adsorption filtration device and absorption filter element |
| CN109432881B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2024-01-05 | 核工业理化工程研究院 | Adsorption and filtration device for radioactive waste liquid and preparation method of adsorption filter element |
| CN109830324A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-05-31 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of charging feed liquid and preparation method suitable for pyrolytic incineration method processing Radioactive myocardial damage |
| CN109830324B (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2022-11-25 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Feed liquid suitable for treating radioactive organic waste liquid by pyrolysis incineration method and preparation method |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130306 Termination date: 20130817 |