CN202752007U - Fixed bed reactor - Google Patents
Fixed bed reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN202752007U CN202752007U CN 201220378656 CN201220378656U CN202752007U CN 202752007 U CN202752007 U CN 202752007U CN 201220378656 CN201220378656 CN 201220378656 CN 201220378656 U CN201220378656 U CN 201220378656U CN 202752007 U CN202752007 U CN 202752007U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a fixed bed reactor which is mainly composed of a reactor shell body, a reactor bottom, a spherical sealing connector, a sealing preheating ball head, a pressing cap, a feeding pipe, a temperature tube and a reactor bottom connector. The top of the reactor shell body is welded with the spherical sealing connector, and the bottom of the reactor shell body is welded with the reactor bottom. The sealing preheating ball head is connected with the reactor shell body through the pressing cap. The feeding pipe and the temperature tube penetrate through the sealing preheating ball head from top to bottom and stretch into the reactor shell body and are welded with the sealing preheating ball head. An inner cavity of the reactor bottom is in a taper shape, the bottom of the taper-shaped inner cavity is communicated with a reaction product eduction tube on the reactor bottom connector which is connected on the bottom of the taper-shaped inner cavity of the reactor bottom through threads, and the connecting portion of the upper portion of the reactor bottom connector and the taper-shaped inner cavity of the reactor bottom is provided with a filtering element. The fixed bed reactor is reasonable in structure, convenient to mount and dismount, and capable of improving the precision of testing data.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates in a kind of situation there not being hydrogen, and the catalyst cracker of petroleum hydrocarbon is more specifically to a kind of fixed bed reactors for experimental study.
Background technology
Catalytic cracking is important process in the oil secondary operations, the effective means of light materialization of heavy oil, therefore, in decades, catalytic cracking process is a research emphasis of oil refining industry always, catalytic cracking technology is carried out deep research always constantly both at home and abroad.Fixed bed reactors one of the equipment that in research process, is absolutely necessary.Because the back-mixing of fixed bed reactors is little, fluid can effectively contact with catalyst, can be than high selectivity when reacting with the series connection side reaction.The laboratory is when carrying out basic research, theoretical research simultaneously, the catalyst amount of reaction evaluating process few (hundreds of milligram～tens grams) usually utilizes fixed bed reactors to carry out the mensuration of FCC catalyst micro-activity and dynamic activity, the research evaluation of catalyst, the exploratory development of petrochemical process, the research of reaction mechanism aspect.
At present, domestic fixed bed reactors commonly used adopt spherical joint to connect usually, and temperature tube is arranged on the center of reactor bottom, and thermocouple inserts from the reactor bottom thermocouple sheath.Reactor bottom adopts planar design, the reactor product conduit is arranged on the position near reactor wall, such setting can not guarantee that the complete material of unreacted fully contacts with catalyst, some catalyst does not participate in reaction, the complete material of unreacted directly leaves reactor along wall of reactor by the reactor product conduit, and the test data that obtains like this has certain error.This reactor is when loading catalyst simultaneously, at first a slice circular screen mesh (diameter is less than reactor) is put into reactor bottom from reactor head, often to could operate by spotlight, for make the circular screen mesh sheet better be fitted in reactor bottom, just sometimes need repeated multiple times can putting well; Placing and then prefabricated ceramic fiber cotton (mainly playing the filtering catalyst effect), usually is that ceramic fiber cotton is not to have put to be exactly to have pressed tightly, can't to allow reaction oil gas pass through reactor more, puts to have lacked and can miss catalyst, and test is normally carried out.So the operating procedure of this reactor is more loaded down with trivial details, usually needs repeatedly to load just and can reach test requirements document.
Chinese patent CN1817436A discloses a kind of new casing reactor, and reactor is arranged in the sleeve pipe, dismantles more convenient.This reactor adopts three sections heating, and point for measuring temperature is arranged on the reactor outer wall, can't accurately record the inside reactor temperature.The reaction temperature that records like this has certain error, can affect the degree of accuracy of test data.The simultaneous reactions product is discharged from reactor bottom, in order to prevent that catalyst from missing from reactor bottom, when each loading catalyst, need to place some silica wools equally in the reactor tube bottom, so still, fail well to solve silica wool and place too much, cause the poor problem of bottom gas permeability.
The utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of fixed bed reactors, mainly solves the filling complex steps of the catalyst of existing fixed bed reactors existence, the low and poor technical problem of reactor bottom gas permeability of the degree of accuracy of test data.The utility model is rational in infrastructure, can improve the precision of test data.
The utility model provides a kind of fixed bed reactors, mainly by at the bottom of reactor shell, the reactor, joint forms at the bottom of ball face sealing joint, sealing preheating bulb, pressure cap, feed pipe, temperature tube and the reactor; Reactor shell top and ball face sealing joint weld together, and the reactor shell bottom is connected together with the reactor back welding; Sealing preheating bulb links together by pressure cap and reactor shell; Wherein, feed pipe and temperature tube pass from top to down sealing preheating bulb and stretch in the reactor shell, and weld together with sealing preheating bulb; Inner chamber is tapered at the bottom of the reactor, conical internal cavity bottom communicates with product delivery line on the joint at the bottom of the reactor, joint is threaded connection in reactor base cone shape intracavity bottom at the bottom of the reactor, and joint top and reactor base cone shape inner chamber junction are provided with filter element at the bottom of the reactor.
Described filter element can be metallic sieve or filter.Metallic sieve adopts multilayer 120～200 the purpose stainless (steel) wire is overlapping and forms.Filter adopts corundum, carborundum or the metal material of 30～50 microns in aperture, the porosity 50～70% to make.
For material is fully atomized, the end that feed pipe stretches in the reactor shell is that the port of export is necking down.
Compared with prior art, the fixed bed reactors that provide of the utility model have the following advantages:
1) bottom of fixed bed reactors conical internal cavity of the present utility model has substituted pottery fiber cotton or the silica wool that adopt traditional fixed bed reactors bottom with metallic sieve or filter, good permeability, guaranteed the passage of reaction oil gas unobstructed and and the good separation of catalyst; Simplified simultaneously installation steps, made the installing/dismounting of filter element more convenient, simplified greatly the packing method of catalyst, thereby reduced the time of loading catalyst, installation and Catalyst packing can once be finished usually, have improved operating efficiency.
2) adopt conical cavity and product delivery line to be arranged on the reactor shaft core position at the bottom of the utility model reactor, can guarantee that the complete material of unreacted fully contacts with catalyst, fully react, improved the precision of test data.And existing fixed bed reactors bottom is the plane, its product delivery line is arranged on the position near reactor wall, cause some catalyst not participate in reaction, the complete material of unreacted directly leaves reactor along wall of reactor by the product delivery line, and the test data that obtains like this has certain error.
3) feed pipe of fixed bed reactors of the present utility model passes the radial center that seals the preheating bulb and stretches into the interior port of export employing necking down processing of reactor shell, can make material atomize more fully after necking down, and is more abundant with the reaction of catalyst.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model.
Among the figure: 1-air inlet entry conductor, 2-feed entrance conduit, 3-sealing preheating bulb, the 4-pressure cap, 5-ball face sealing joint, 6-feed pipe, the 7-reactor shell, at the bottom of the 8-reactor, the 9-sealing gasket, joint at the bottom of the 10-reactor, 11-product delivery line, 12-filter element, 13-conical internal cavity, the 14-temperature tube, 15-charging three-way connection.
The specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the fixed bed reactors that the utility model provides are mainly by at the bottom of reactor shell 7, the reactor 8, joint 10 forms at the bottom of ball face sealing joint 5, sealing preheating bulb 3, pressure cap 4, feed pipe 6, temperature tube 14 and the reactor; Reactor shell 7 tops and ball face sealing joint 5 weld together, and 8 weld together at the bottom of reactor shell 7 bottoms and the reactor; Sealing preheating bulb 3 links together by pressure cap 4 and reactor shell 7; Feed pipe 6 and temperature tube 14 pass from top to down sealing preheating bulb 3 and stretch in the reactor shell 7, and weld together with sealing preheating bulb 3; 8 inner chambers are tapered at the bottom of the reactor, conical internal cavity 13 bottoms communicate with product delivery line 11 on the joint at the bottom of the reactor 10, joint 10 is threaded connection in reactor base cone shape inner chamber 13 bottoms at the bottom of the reactor, and joint 10 tops and reactor base cone shape inner chamber 13 junctions are provided with filter element 12 at the bottom of the reactor.
The upper end of described feed pipe 6 is connected with charging three-way connection 15, and charging three-way connection 15 adopts in addition bite type to connect to be connected with the feed entrance conduit with air inlet entry conductor 1 respectively and is connected.Feed pipe adopts the stainless steel tube of φ 3 * 0.5mm or φ 4 * 0.5mm.Feed pipe 6 ports of export adopt necking down to process necking down aperture φ 0.5～1.0mm.
The cone angle a of described conical internal cavity 13 is 30～150 °.
Be provided with sealing gasket 9 at the bottom of the described reactor at the bottom of joint 10 and the reactor between 8 bottom surfaces, sealing gasket 9 is the graphite grazing pad.
Described temperature tube 14 thermometric ends are arranged on the radial center position of reactor shell 7, and thermocouple inserts downwards from reactor head, and the placed-depth of temperature tube 14 in reactor accounts for 60～95% of reactor cavity body length.Temperature tube 14 tops exceed sealing preheating bulb 3 tops, 1～15mm and get final product.Temperature tube 14 adopts the stainless steel tube of φ 3 * 0.5mm.The thermometric end of temperature tube 14 adopts seal weld.
Described filter element 12 is for having metallic sieve or filter.Metallic sieve adopts multilayer 120～200 the purpose stainless (steel) wire is overlapping and forms.Filter adopts corundum, carborundum or the metal material of 30～50 microns in aperture, the porosity 50～70% to make.
The bottom of described sealing preheating bulb 3 is no more than 1/3rd of reactor enclosure body length.
Described reactor shell 7, sealing preheating bulb 3, pressure cap 4, ball face sealing joint 5, joint 10 and product delivery line 11 all adopt stainless steel material processing to be welded at the bottom of the reactor.
The Gao Jing of fixed bed reactors (referring to the ratio of warp in height and the reactor shell) is than being 20～50, and the loadings of molecular sieve catalyst is 5～50 to restrain.
Fixed bed reactors provided by the utility model operate according to the following step:
1) catalyst of test usefulness: according to test requirements document, add catalyst in reactor top.Before adding, first sphere preheating adapter assembly is unloaded, after catalyst adds, again sphere preheating adapter assembly is installed, the close test of the promoting the circulation of qi of going forward side by side guarantees that reactor is airtight normal;
2) reactor is put in the reacting furnace, heated;
3) when the temperature of reactor reaches predefined temperature, the hydrocarbon oil crude material of (light-end products can heat) enters charging three-way connection 15 through inert gases such as feed entrance conduit 2, steam or nitrogen through air inlet entry conductor 1 after preheating, after mixing, the 15 interior contacts of charging three-way connection enter feed pipe 6, after the necking down atomizing of feed pipe 6 ports of export, spray into reactor, with the catalyst haptoreaction;
4) oil gas that generates of reaction enters Product Collection System by product delivery line 11 after element 12 (metallic sieve or filter) filters after filtration and collects, catalyst behind the simultaneous reactions adopts the inert gases such as steam or nitrogen to carry out stripping and purges, and the oil gas behind the purging and blowing medium thereof enter Product Collection System by metallic sieve or filter and collect separation and analysis.
Claims (9)
1. fixed bed reactors are mainly by at the bottom of reactor shell, the reactor, joint forms at the bottom of ball face sealing joint, sealing preheating bulb, pressure cap, feed pipe, temperature tube and the reactor; Reactor shell top and ball face sealing joint weld together, and the reactor shell bottom is connected together with the reactor back welding; Sealing preheating bulb links together by pressure cap and reactor shell; It is characterized in that feed pipe and temperature tube pass from top to down sealing preheating bulb and stretch in the reactor shell, and weld together with sealing preheating bulb; Inner chamber is tapered at the bottom of the reactor, conical internal cavity bottom communicates with product delivery line on the joint at the bottom of the reactor, joint is threaded connection in reactor base cone shape intracavity bottom at the bottom of the reactor, and joint top and reactor base cone shape inner chamber junction are provided with filter element at the bottom of the reactor.
2. fixed bed reactors according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described filter element is metallic sieve or filter, metallic sieve is overlapped by multilayer 120～200 purpose stainless (steel) wires, and filter is made of corundum, carborundum or the metal material of 30～50 microns in aperture, the porosity 50～70%.
3. fixed bed reactors according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described feed pipe is the stainless steel tube of φ 3 * 0.5mm or φ 4 * 0.5mm, and the necking down aperture of the feed pipe port of export is φ 0.5～1.0mm.
4. fixed bed reactors according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the cone angle a of described conical internal cavity is 30～150 °.
5. fixed bed reactors according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, are provided with the graphite grazing pad at the bottom of the described reactor at the bottom of joint and the reactor between the bottom surface.
6. fixed bed reactors according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the thermometric end of described temperature tube is arranged on the radial center position of reactor shell, the placed-depth of temperature tube in reactor accounts for 60～95% of reactor cavity body length, the temperature tube top exceeds sealing preheating bulb top 1～15mm, temperature tube is stainless steel tube, and the thermometric end of temperature tube is seal weld.
7. fixed bed reactors according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the bottom of described sealing preheating bulb is no more than 1/3rd of reactor enclosure body length.
8. fixed bed reactors according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, joint and product delivery line are stainless steel material processing and are welded at the bottom of described reactor shell, sealing preheating bulb, pressure cap, ball face sealing joint, the reactor.
9. fixed bed reactors according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the ratio of height to diameter of described fixed bed reactors is 20～50.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220378656 CN202752007U (en) | 2012-07-25 | 2012-07-25 | Fixed bed reactor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220378656 CN202752007U (en) | 2012-07-25 | 2012-07-25 | Fixed bed reactor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202752007U true CN202752007U (en) | 2013-02-27 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220378656 Expired - Lifetime CN202752007U (en) | 2012-07-25 | 2012-07-25 | Fixed bed reactor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN202752007U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113820352A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-12-21 | 王鹏飞 | Device for detecting magnesium metal evaporation |
-
2012
- 2012-07-25 CN CN 201220378656 patent/CN202752007U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113820352A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-12-21 | 王鹏飞 | Device for detecting magnesium metal evaporation |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20130227 |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |