CN202750022U - Series-parallel conversion transformer using microprocessor to control capacitors - Google Patents
Series-parallel conversion transformer using microprocessor to control capacitors Download PDFInfo
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- CN202750022U CN202750022U CN 201220394265 CN201220394265U CN202750022U CN 202750022 U CN202750022 U CN 202750022U CN 201220394265 CN201220394265 CN 201220394265 CN 201220394265 U CN201220394265 U CN 201220394265U CN 202750022 U CN202750022 U CN 202750022U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a series-parallel conversion transformer using a microprocessor to control capacitors. The alternating current input end of the transformer is connected with a full-wave rectifying circuit, the positive output end of the full-wave rectifying circuit is respectively connected with a voltage dividing comparison circuit and a series-parallel conversion circuit, the series-parallel conversion circuit comprises a plurality of voltage dividing capacitors which are serially connected by a photoelectric coupling switch circuit, both ends of each voltage dividing capacitor in the series-parallel conversion circuit are respectively connected with a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the direct current output end of the transformer by diodes, the voltage dividing comparison circuit comprises a voltage comparator and two resistance voltage dividing circuits, the resistance voltage dividing circuits are connected with the positive output end of the full-wave rectifying circuit, one resistance voltage dividing circuit is connected with a voltage stabilizing circuit, the two input ends of the voltage comparator are respectively connected with the two resistance voltage dividing circuits, and the output ends of the voltage comparator are connected with the microprocessor. The novel energy conversion method of series voltage-dividing charging and then parallel discharging is realized. Compared with electromagnetic transformers, the series-parallel conversion transformer has the advantages that the power consumption of the used devices is less, the conversion efficiency is very high, and the heat generation amount is little.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of transformer, specifically a kind of transformer that utilizes microprocessor control capacitor connection in series-parallel conversion.
Background technology
Existing transformer has two kinds: electromagnetic transformers and piezoelectric ceramic transformer.The former is the technology of comparative maturity based on electromagnetic induction phenomenon, its principle be from the electric energy to magnetic energy again to the conversion process of electric energy, inevitably have low, the easy heating of conversion efficiency, the problems such as electromagnetic noise arranged; The latter 1956 is by the C.A.Rosen invention, and it has lightweight, the advantages such as energy density is high, efficient is high, profile is little, running non-electromagnetic noise and low flammability, and range of application is more and more wider.The now application of piezoelectric ceramic transformer is divided into two kinds, and a kind of is the step-up transformer that is become high pressure by low pressure, is used for liquid crystal display, electrostatic precipitator and high voltage source, has all formed large-scale production both at home and abroad, and the scope of application is more limited.Another kind is the step-down transformer that is become low pressure by high pressure, still be in now the research and development stage, according to the latest news, Fujitsu utilizes the LiNbO3 monocrystalline to make the piezoelectric ceramic transformer model machine of 15 mm * 15 mm * 0.5mm, this model machine operating frequency 4 MHz, power output are 30 ~ 40W, can be used for the adjusting and voltage-reduction switch power supply.But because the cost of lithium columbate crystal is very high, is unsuitable for large-scale industrial production and uses, be unfavorable for product promotion; Invented a kind of microminiature dielectric ceramic transformer based on the multilayer high dielectric material before the designer of the present utility model, operating frequency is 50Hz, can realize the transformation ratio of 11:1, utilize civil power can obtain to exchange 20V, the power supply of 10mA, but its shortcoming be power output only for the milliwatt level other, distance is practical certain distance.
In the modern electronic technology field, transformer is the assembly of an indispensability, and a kind of cheap, caloric value is little, and the pressure transformer that transformation efficiency is high is a technical barrier always.
The utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of transformer that utilizes microprocessor control capacitor connection in series-parallel conversion, and its conversion efficiency is high, and electrical loss is considerably less, and caloric value is little.
The utility model is to solve the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that adopts to be: a kind of transformer that utilizes microprocessor control capacitor connection in series-parallel conversion, comprise microprocessor, series-parallel transition circuit, dividing potential drop comparison circuit and full-wave rectifying circuit, the ac input end of transformer is connected with full-wave rectifying circuit, the forward output of full-wave rectifying circuit connects respectively dividing potential drop comparison circuit and series-parallel transition circuit, described series-parallel transition circuit comprises a plurality of voltage-dividing capacitors, be connected in series by the photoelectric coupling switch circuit by microprocessor control between a plurality of voltage-dividing capacitors, in the voltage-dividing capacitor of above-mentioned serial connection, first voltage-dividing capacitor is connected with the forward output of full-wave rectifying circuit by a photoelectric coupling switch circuit by microprocessor control, last voltage-dividing capacitor ground connection, the two ends of each voltage-dividing capacitor are connected with negative pole with the positive pole of transformer dc output by diode respectively in the series-parallel transition circuit, and the positive pole of transformer dc output also is serially connected with one by the photoelectric coupling switch circuit of microprocessor control; Described dividing potential drop comparison circuit comprises a voltage comparator and is connected a resistor voltage divider circuit that is connected with full-wave rectifying circuit forward output, wherein a resistor voltage divider circuit is connected with voltage stabilizing circuit, two inputs of voltage comparator are connected with two resistor voltage divider circuits respectively, and the output of voltage comparator is connected with microprocessor.
Described resistor voltage divider circuit is made of the resistance of two series connection, and an end of resistor voltage divider circuit is connected with full-wave rectifying circuit forward output, other end ground connection, and the circuit between two resistance is connected with voltage comparator.
Described voltage stabilizing circuit is made of diode and capacitor, and diode is serially connected in the connection line of resistor voltage divider circuit and full-wave rectifying circuit forward output, and the positive pole of diode is connected with full-wave rectifying circuit forward output; One end ground connection of capacitor, the other end is connected with the negative pole of diode.
Described full-wave rectifying circuit is bridge rectifier.
Operation principle of the present utility model is: designed transformer is comprised of a plurality of voltage-dividing capacitor connection in series-parallel, and its essence is by serial connection charge and the parallel discharge of microprocessor programming Control to a plurality of voltage-dividing capacitors.By the dividing potential drop comparison circuit so that charge and discharge voltage maintains near the crest voltage about 10%.
During series connection, cutting off load, is U1 if be input as alternating current (peak value) voltage, and voltage-dividing capacitor electric capacity is C, and total n, each dividing potential drop is U2, then: U1=nU2.
Cut off the electricity supply, make Parallel-connected Capacitor, output voltage U 2=U1/n.
Output voltage is bordering on direct current, has realized the purpose of step-down transformation.Can realize output voltage freely regulated and control to export by the numerical value that changes n.By improving capacitance or changing incoming frequency, can obtain large power output.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: utilize the break-make of the variation control photoelectric coupling switch circuit of the input voltage peak value that microprocessor records according to voltage comparator, thus the connection in series-parallel conversion of control voltage-dividing capacitor.Cut off output during the voltage-dividing capacitor series connection, by input voltage-dividing capacitor is charged, cut off input when voltage-dividing capacitor is in parallel, discharged to output by voltage-dividing capacitor.Realized the novel transducing mode of the rear parallel discharge of series connection dividing potential drop charging.Compare with electromagnetic transformers, used device power consumption is very little, and therefore the conversion efficiency of this transformer is very high, and caloric value is also very little.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawings execution mode of the present utility model.
A kind of transformer that utilizes microprocessor control capacitor connection in series-parallel conversion comprises microprocessor CPU, series-parallel transition circuit, dividing potential drop comparison circuit and full-wave rectifying circuit.The ac input end AC of transformer is connected with full-wave rectifying circuit, and the negative half period of the sine wave that will input by full-wave rectifying circuit is reverse.The forward output of full-wave rectifying circuit connects respectively dividing potential drop comparison circuit and series-parallel transition circuit.Described series-parallel transition circuit comprises a plurality of voltage-dividing capacitors, and the magnitude setting of voltage-dividing capacitor has determined the transformation ratio of transformer, and the appearance value size of single voltage-dividing capacitor has determined the load capacity of transformer.Be provided with C1, C2, four voltage-dividing capacitors of C3, C4 among the embodiment shown in Figure 1, can realize the transformation ratio of 4:1.Be connected in series by the photoelectric coupling switch circuit by microprocessor control between four voltage-dividing capacitors.Be serially connected in four photoelectric coupling switch circuit between the voltage-dividing capacitor shown in Fig. 1 and be respectively U2, U3, U4.Utilize the output of photoelectric coupling switch circuit to be connected in series between each voltage-dividing capacitor, be convenient to connect AC ~ 220V, the 50Hz civil power.In the voltage-dividing capacitor of above-mentioned serial connection, first voltage-dividing capacitor C1 is connected last voltage-dividing capacitor C4 ground connection by a photoelectric coupling switch circuit U 1 by microprocessor control with the forward output of full-wave rectifying circuit.The two ends of each voltage-dividing capacitor are connected with negative pole by the positive pole of diode with transformer dc output DC respectively in the series-parallel transition circuit.The negative pole of diode D1, D2, D3, D4 connects the positive pole of transformer dc output DC among Fig. 1, the negative pole of the cathode connecting transformer dc output end DC of diode D5, D6, D7, D8.The positive pole of transformer dc output also is serially connected with one by the photoelectric coupling switch circuit U 5 of microprocessor control.Microprocessor CPU is controlled the break-make of each photoelectric coupling switch circuit according to the input voltage peak information that collects from the dividing potential drop comparison circuit, thus the connection in series-parallel conversion of control voltage-dividing capacitor.When photoelectric coupling switch circuit U 1, U2, U3, U4 conducting, when U5 closes, four voltage-dividing capacitor serial connections, the transformer input voltage charges to four voltage-dividing capacitors, four voltage-dividing capacitors are through after the dividing potential drop, and the maximum charging voltage of each electric capacity is 1/4 of input voltage.When photoelectric coupling switch circuit U 1, U2, U3, U4 close, during the U5 conducting, four voltage-dividing capacitors become and connect and discharge to transformer dc output DC.
Described dividing potential drop comparison circuit is used for judging the peak condition of input voltage.Among the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the dividing potential drop comparison circuit comprises a voltage comparator (present embodiment adopt be the LM393 chip), two resistor voltage divider circuits that are connected with full-wave rectifying circuit forward output.Wherein a resistor voltage divider circuit is connected with voltage stabilizing circuit, by voltage stabilizing circuit the pressure drop of this resistor voltage divider circuit is stabilized in a fixed value, by the parameter of adjusting resistance bleeder circuit and voltage stabilizing circuit, i.e. and the size of this fixed value of capable of regulating.The pressure drop of another resistor voltage divider circuit then constantly changes with input voltage.Two inputs of voltage comparator are connected with two resistor voltage divider circuits respectively, the output of voltage comparator is connected with microprocessor, when the pressure drop of two resistor voltage divider circuits equates, voltage comparator is to signal of microprocessor output, and microprocessor is according to the connection in series-parallel conversion of the program control voltage-dividing capacitor of setting.
Described resistor voltage divider circuit is made of the resistance of two series connection, and as shown in Figure 1, R1 and R2 consist of a resistor voltage divider circuit.R3 and R4 consist of a resistor voltage divider circuit.One end of resistor voltage divider circuit, namely resistance R 1, R3 end are connected other end ground connection with full-wave rectifying circuit forward output.Circuit in every resistor voltage divider circuit between two resistance is connected with voltage comparator.
Described voltage stabilizing circuit is made of diode D9 and capacitor C5, and diode is serially connected in the connection line of resistor voltage divider circuit and full-wave rectifying circuit forward output, and the positive pole of diode is connected with full-wave rectifying circuit forward output; One end ground connection of capacitor, the other end is connected with the negative pole of diode.
Described full-wave rectifying circuit is bridge rectifier.
In the utility model, used voltage-dividing capacitor can adopt the high dielectric ceramic capacitor, the capacitor made of barium titanate based ceramic for example, this dielectric material at the relative dielectric constant of near room temperature greater than 25000; Loss is less than 0.1, non-polarized upset loss during work.The capacitor volume of making is little, easy to use.
In the mode that is provided with four voltage-dividing capacitors shown in Figure 1 as example, adopt the voltage-dividing capacitor of 10 μ f, transformer alternating input input voltage is 36V, frequency is 50Hz, transformer dc output output voltage can be realized the transformation ratio of 4:1 for being 9V, and power output is about 4 watts.If be together in series with some groups of such devices, can be directly from civil power 220V, any voltage that the 50Hz step-down needs for us.
Through repeatedly experimental verification: the designed transformer of the present invention has cheap, and caloric value is little, the advantage that transformation efficiency is high and possess the distinguishing features such as technique is simple, compact conformation, low production cost.
Claims (4)
1. transformer that utilizes microprocessor control capacitor connection in series-parallel conversion, it is characterized in that: comprise microprocessor, series-parallel transition circuit, dividing potential drop comparison circuit and full-wave rectifying circuit, the ac input end of transformer is connected with full-wave rectifying circuit, the forward output of full-wave rectifying circuit connects respectively dividing potential drop comparison circuit and series-parallel transition circuit, described series-parallel transition circuit comprises a plurality of voltage-dividing capacitors, be connected in series by the photoelectric coupling switch circuit by microprocessor control between a plurality of voltage-dividing capacitors, in the voltage-dividing capacitor of above-mentioned serial connection, first voltage-dividing capacitor is connected with the forward output of full-wave rectifying circuit by a photoelectric coupling switch circuit by microprocessor control, last voltage-dividing capacitor ground connection, the two ends of each voltage-dividing capacitor are connected with negative pole with the positive pole of transformer dc output by diode respectively in the series-parallel transition circuit, and the positive pole of transformer dc output also is serially connected with one by the photoelectric coupling switch circuit of microprocessor control; Described dividing potential drop comparison circuit comprises a voltage comparator and is connected a resistor voltage divider circuit that is connected with full-wave rectifying circuit forward output, wherein a resistor voltage divider circuit is connected with voltage stabilizing circuit, two inputs of voltage comparator are connected with two resistor voltage divider circuits respectively, and the output of voltage comparator is connected with microprocessor.
2. a kind of transformer that utilizes microprocessor control capacitor connection in series-parallel conversion as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described resistor voltage divider circuit is made of the resistance of two series connection, one end of resistor voltage divider circuit is connected with full-wave rectifying circuit forward output, circuit between the other end ground connection, two resistance is connected with voltage comparator.
3. a kind of transformer that utilizes microprocessor control capacitor connection in series-parallel conversion as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described voltage stabilizing circuit is made of diode and capacitor, diode is serially connected in the connection line of resistor voltage divider circuit and full-wave rectifying circuit forward output, and the positive pole of diode is connected with full-wave rectifying circuit forward output; One end ground connection of capacitor, the other end is connected with the negative pole of diode.
4. a kind of transformer that utilizes microprocessor control capacitor connection in series-parallel conversion as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described full-wave rectifying circuit is bridge rectifier.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220394265 CN202750022U (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Series-parallel conversion transformer using microprocessor to control capacitors |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220394265 CN202750022U (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Series-parallel conversion transformer using microprocessor to control capacitors |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN202750022U true CN202750022U (en) | 2013-02-20 |
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| CN 201220394265 Expired - Fee Related CN202750022U (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Series-parallel conversion transformer using microprocessor to control capacitors |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102843047A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-12-26 | 河南科技大学 | Transformer with microprocessor to control series-parallel connection conversion of a capacitor |
| CN104971873A (en) * | 2014-04-07 | 2015-10-14 | 佳能株式会社 | Oscillatory wave drive device and optical apparatus |
-
2012
- 2012-08-10 CN CN 201220394265 patent/CN202750022U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102843047A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-12-26 | 河南科技大学 | Transformer with microprocessor to control series-parallel connection conversion of a capacitor |
| CN102843047B (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2015-01-21 | 河南科技大学 | Transformer with microprocessor to control series-parallel connection conversion of a capacitor |
| CN104971873A (en) * | 2014-04-07 | 2015-10-14 | 佳能株式会社 | Oscillatory wave drive device and optical apparatus |
| CN104971873B (en) * | 2014-04-07 | 2017-08-18 | 佳能株式会社 | Wave of oscillation driving equipment and Optical devices |
| US9871471B2 (en) | 2014-04-07 | 2018-01-16 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Oscillatory wave drive device and optical apparatus |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130220 Termination date: 20130810 |