CN202730257U - Preheat starting device of inert electrode aluminum electrolysis cell - Google Patents
Preheat starting device of inert electrode aluminum electrolysis cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN202730257U CN202730257U CN 201220366230 CN201220366230U CN202730257U CN 202730257 U CN202730257 U CN 202730257U CN 201220366230 CN201220366230 CN 201220366230 CN 201220366230 U CN201220366230 U CN 201220366230U CN 202730257 U CN202730257 U CN 202730257U
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- Prior art keywords
- guide rod
- heating
- steel plate
- starting apparatus
- heating resistor
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Links
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 6
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000754 Wrought iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical group B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002510 pyrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Abstract
The utility model discloses a preheat starting device of an inert electrode aluminum electrolysis cell. The device consists of one or more heating components, wherein each heating component comprises a guide rod, a bearing steel plate, a heating resistor, branch buses, parallel buses and a corrosion-resistant material protective layer; one end of the guide rod is fixedly arranged on the bearing steel plate, and the other end of the guide rod is connected with the heating resistor; the guide rod is wrapped by the corrosion-resistant material protective layer; each heating component comprises a power input end and a power output end; the part of the guide rod on the bearing steel plate is connected with the branch buses; the branch bus at the power input end is connected with an anode bus; the branch bus at the power output end is connected with a cathode bus; and the branch buses and the guide rod are required to be insulated from the bearing steel plate. The device has the advantages of adjustable power and capabilities of realizing large scale, meeting the preheat starting requirement of the industrial-scale inert electrode aluminum electrolysis cell and establishing heat balance and regular hearth inner shape for the electrolysis cell.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of preheat starting apparatus of electrolyzer, relates in particular to a kind of preheat starting apparatus of vertical inert-electrode aluminum electrolytic cell.
Background technology
The electrolysis temperature of existing Hall-Herout aluminium cell is generally 940-960 ℃, and comprehensive electric energy consumption is 13.5kw-15.0kW h/kg (A1), and electric energy efficiency is lower than 50%; And produce a large amount of greenhouse gases, cause great pollution to environment.Replace carbon anode with inert anode, not only save the anode carbon consumption, can also reduce by equivalent CO simultaneously
2The carbon tax that discharging brings.After adopting inert anode, not only no longer include CO
2, CO and CFn discharging, and that anode exhaust is O
2, O
2Can also be as byproduct.Therefore, for the aluminum electrolysis industry of maximum discharge, adopt the aluminum electrolysis process of inert anode to have very important significance.
The roasting and starting process of traditional slot mainly is to utilize the pyrogen that places aluminium cell yin, yang two interpolars to produce heat, and the temperature of anode electrolytic cell, negative electrode (containing liner) is raise.Molten aluminum roasting method, baking coke particles method anticathode have damage in various degree, and be relatively poor to artificial roasting of stretching one's legs, and then cell life is produced adverse influence.The inert anode interference free performance is poor, can not be with the noble electrode heating ionogen that generates heat in the roasting process.Obviously, traditional electrolyzer preheating starting method is not suitable for the pipeline start up by preheating of vertical structure inert-electrode aluminum electrolytic cell.
Patent 200910043018.9 has been announced a kind of coke grain calcination startup method of ceramic base inert anode aluminium cell, the method is at anode surface metal lining layer, during the electrobath start operation, between anode and bottom land charcoal piece, lay Graphite Powder 99 or metallurgical coke and after-smithing petroleum coke as heating layer.This patent has been continued to use traditional preheating starting method, and noble electrode participates in heating in this starting method, and in warm, electrode very easily is damaged; The method is not suitable for the pipeline start up by preheating of vertical inert-electrode aluminum electrolytic cell yet.
Patent 201020234516.X has announced a kind of pipeline start up by preheating equipment of inert anode aluminium cell, heating unit is comprised of one or more groups heating resistor, every group of described heating resistor is comprised of branch bus, a plurality of electric heating tube, bracing frame, heat insulating board, thermopair, is connected with ac bus.The preheating of technical scale electrolyzer needs very large heating power, because this patent adopts the alternating current resistance heating, is difficult to maximize, and this heating unit is not suitable for the large industrialized inert-electrode aluminum electrolytic cell.
Patent 201110221899.6 has been announced a kind of preheating starting method, and the heating unit that this patent provides is to hole at charcoal element or Graphite Electrodes, pre-buried heating unit, adopt first AC electric-heating, after reaching target temperature, to the logical direct current of heating unit, then change one by one electrode.This heating unit adopts the alternating current heating in earlier stage in preheating, is difficult to maximize, and is not suitable for the large industrialized inert-electrode aluminum electrolytic cell; When adopting DC heating in the pipeline start up by preheating later stage, because the electrolysis of charcoal element or graphite causes primary heater unit repeatedly not use, increase cost.
US Patent No. 6,537,438th is when the pipeline start up by preheating electrolyzer, with the outer stopping off of negative electrode.Innermost layer contact charcoal negative electrode is titanium diboride layer in the protective layer, and the middle layer is metallic aluminium or alloy, and outermost layer is charcoal.Adopt the method for gas roast, anode is the sintering metal anode.The oxygenizement that the protective layer of anode derives from the roasting process makes its top layer oxidation.The method has obviously been continued to use the baking start-up method of traditional electrolyzer, and method is complicated, and operation easier is large, also not too is fit to the pipeline start up by preheating of vertical inert-electrode aluminum electrolytic cell.
Above patent can be divided into two classes, and a class has still been continued to use traditional pipeline start up by preheating technology, has just done some improvement, and electrode participates in heating, and this has very large infringement to noble electrode; Another kind of employing be the alternating current resistance primary heater unit, obviously in the application of industrial inertia electrode electrolyser, be difficult to realize that preliminary heating device maximizes.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is exactly the problem that exists for prior art, and a kind of preheat starting apparatus of inert-electrode aluminum electrolytic cell is provided.
Above-mentioned purpose realizes by following proposal:
A kind of preheat starting apparatus of inert-electrode aluminum electrolytic cell, it is characterized in that, described preheat starting apparatus is DC electric heater, this preheat starting apparatus comprises one or more heating components, and each described heating component comprises: guide rod, load-bearing steel plate, heating resistor, branch bus, bus in parallel, corrosion-resistant material protective layer; And described heating component comprises some described guide rods, and described guide rod one end is fixed on the described load-bearing steel plate, and the other end is connected with described heating resistor, and described guide rod is wrapped up by the corrosion-resistant material protective layer; Each described heating component comprises current enter and current output terminal, the part of described guide rod more than described load-bearing steel plate is connected with described branch bus, the branch bus of described current enter is connected with positive bar, the branch bus of described current output terminal is connected with negative busbar, described branch bus and guide rod and the insulation of load-bearing steel plate.
A kind of preheat starting apparatus of inert-electrode aluminum electrolytic cell is characterized in that: described heating resistor is one or more combinations of metal, alloy, graphite, charcoal element, conductivity ceramics.
A kind of preheat starting apparatus of inert-electrode aluminum electrolytic cell is characterized in that: the profile of described heating material and resistance calculate according to design of electrolysis cells voltage and current intensity and obtain.
A kind of preheat starting apparatus of inert-electrode aluminum electrolytic cell is characterized in that: described corrosion-resistant material protective layer is typing or the fire-resistant corrosion-resistant material of indefinite form.
A kind of preheat starting apparatus of inert-electrode aluminum electrolytic cell
,It is characterized in that described refractory materials is that in corundum, high green pottery, high alumina castable, nitride, the carbide one or more are compound.
A kind of preheat starting apparatus of inert-electrode aluminum electrolytic cell is characterized in that: each described heating component has one or more heating resistor; When heating component adopted the polylith heating resistor, each heating resistor had independently current enter and current output terminal, can independently generate heat, and the resistance value of every heating resistor is identical or different; And parallel connection or the series connection of described heating resistor are adjustable.
A kind of preheat starting apparatus of inert-electrode aluminum electrolytic cell is characterized in that: each described heating component current enter position during with normal operation corresponding anode current enter position identical; Each described heating component current output terminal position during with normal operation corresponding negative electrode current output terminal position identical.
The beneficial effects of the utility model: this rating of set is adjustable, can maximize, and can satisfy the pipeline start up by preheating requirement of technical scale inert anode aluminium cell, before change poles, for electrolyzer is set up type in thermal equilibrium and the regular burner hearth.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for adopting the heating component of stainless steel plate heating;
Fig. 2 is the side-view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is for adopting the heating component of common charcoal piece heating;
Fig. 4 is the side-view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is for adopting the heating component of two groups of stainless steel bar heatings;
Fig. 6 is the side-view of Fig. 5.
Embodiment
The preheat starting apparatus of inert-electrode aluminum electrolytic cell of the present utility model is DC electric heater, and this preheat starting apparatus comprises one or more heating components, and each heating component comprises: guide rod, the load-bearing steel plate, heating resistor, branch bus, bus in parallel, the corrosion-resistant material protective layer; And heating component comprises some guide rods, and guide rod one end is fixed on the described load-bearing steel plate, and the other end is connected with heating resistor, and guide rod is wrapped up by the corrosion-resistant material protective layer; Each heating component comprises current enter and current output terminal, and the part of guide rod more than the load-bearing steel plate is connected with branch bus, and the branch bus of current enter is connected with positive bar, and the branch bus of current output terminal is connected with negative busbar, branch bus and guide rod and the insulation of load-bearing steel plate.Heating resistor can be one or more combinations of metal, alloy, graphite, charcoal element, conductivity ceramics.
The resistance of heating material and profile method of calculation are as follows:
At first determine the maximum heating power of preheat starting apparatus:
W
Maximum=W
Heat waste+ W
Ionogen
W
Heat waste -The electrolyzer calorific loss is shared power; W
Ionogen -Molten electrolyte is shared power
Then according to following formula:
R=W
Maximum/ (NI
2)
W
Maximum -The maximum heating power of preheat starting apparatus; I
-Each heating component is shared electric current; N
-The heating component quantity of each electrolyzer
After resistance is determined, again by formula R=ρ L/S(ρ-resistivity, L-length, S-cross-sectional area) determine the physical dimension of heating resistor.
The corrosion-resistant material protective layer can be typing or the fire-resistant corrosion-resistant material of indefinite form.Refractory materials can be that in corundum, high green pottery, high alumina castable, nitride, the carbide one or more are compound.Each heating component can have one or more heating resistor; When heating component adopted the polylith heating resistor, each heating resistor had independently current enter and current output terminal, can independently generate heat, and the resistance value of every heating resistor is identical or different; And parallel connection or the series connection of described heating resistor are adjustable, in order to regulating power.Each heating component current enter position during with normal operation corresponding anode current enter position identical; Each described heating component current output terminal position during with normal operation corresponding negative electrode current output terminal position identical.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the preheat starting apparatus of 200KA inert-electrode aluminum electrolytic cell comprises 100 heating components.This heating component structure comprises: guide rod 1 one ends are fixed on the load-bearing steel plate 2, and the other end is connected with heating resistor 4, and heating resistor 4 is stainless steel plate.Each heating component carrying 2KA electric current, voltage is 3.80V, stainless steel plate resistance is 0.0019 ohm, at stainless steel plate slot is arranged, and makes steel plate resistance reach the requirement of design thermal value, ionogen can be heated to 800 ℃.Current enter and current output terminal all have 3 guide rods, and guide rod 1 is by corrosion-resistant material protective layer 3 parcels.The part of guide rod more than the load-bearing steel plate is connected with branch bus, and current enter branch bus 5 is connected with positive bar, and current output terminal branch bus 6 is connected with negative busbar; Branch bus, guide rod and the insulation of load-bearing steel plate.Each heating component current enter position during with normal operation corresponding anode current enter position identical, corresponding negative electrode current output terminal position when normally moving, each heating component current output terminal position is identical.
Embodiment 2
Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the preheat starting apparatus of 300KA inert-electrode aluminum electrolytic cell comprises 100 heating components.This heating component structure comprises: guide rod 1 one ends are fixed on the load-bearing steel plate 2, and the other end is connected with heating resistor 7, and heating resistor 7 is common charcoal piece.Each heating component carrying 3KA electric current, voltage is 3.72V, so charcoal piece resistance is 0.00124 ohm, at the charcoal piece slot is arranged, and makes charcoal piece resistance reach the requirement of design thermal value, ionogen can be heated to 820 ℃.Guide rod 1 is by corrosion-resistant material protective layer 3 parcels.The part of guide rod more than the load-bearing steel plate is connected with branch bus, and each heating component has current enter branch bus 5 and current output terminal branch bus 6; Branch bus, guide rod and the insulation of load-bearing steel plate.Each heating component current enter position during with normal operation corresponding anode current enter position identical, corresponding negative electrode current output terminal position when normally moving, each heating component current output terminal position is identical.
Embodiment 3
Referring to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the preheat starting apparatus of 300KA inert-electrode aluminum electrolytic cell comprises 150 heating components.This heating component comprises two heating resistors 8, and this heating resistor is stainless steel bar, and rod iron is the S type, and the resistance of each rod iron is 0.0036 ohm.Guide rod 1 one ends are fixed on the load-bearing steel plate 2, and the other end is connected with stainless steel bar, and guide rod 1 is by corrosion-resistant material protective layer 3 parcels.The part of guide rod more than the load-bearing steel plate is connected with branch bus, and each heating resistor has current enter and current output terminal, can independently generate heat.The preheating initial stage, available current enter bus 9 in parallel connects the electric branch bus of advancing of two heating resistors, with current output terminal bus 10 in parallel the electric branch bus of going out of two heating resistors is connected, this moment, two resistance were in state heating in parallel, and the resistance of heating component is 0.0018 ohm; When needing to increase heating power, bus 9 and 10 in parallel can be removed, only one of them heating resistor is connected with bus.
Above-described embodiment is the better embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the preheat starting apparatus of an inert-electrode aluminum electrolytic cell, it is characterized in that, described preheat starting apparatus is DC electric heater, this preheat starting apparatus comprises one or more heating components, and each described heating component comprises: guide rod, load-bearing steel plate, heating resistor, branch bus, bus in parallel, corrosion-resistant material protective layer; And described heating component comprises some described guide rods, and described guide rod one end is fixed on the described load-bearing steel plate, and the other end is connected with described heating resistor, and described guide rod is wrapped up by the corrosion-resistant material protective layer; Each described heating component comprises current enter and current output terminal, the part of described guide rod more than described load-bearing steel plate is connected with described branch bus, the branch bus of described current enter is connected with positive bar, the branch bus of described current output terminal is connected with negative busbar, described branch bus and guide rod and the insulation of load-bearing steel plate.
2. preheat starting apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described heating resistor is one or more combinations of metal, alloy, graphite, charcoal element, conductivity ceramics.
3. preheat starting apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the profile of described heating material and resistance calculate according to design of electrolysis cells voltage and current intensity and obtain.
4. preheat starting apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described corrosion-resistant material protective layer is typing or the fire-resistant corrosion-resistant material of indefinite form.
5. preheat starting apparatus according to claim 4
,It is characterized in that described refractory materials is that in corundum, high green pottery, high alumina castable, nitride, the carbide one or more are compound.
6. preheat starting apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: each described heating component has one or more heating resistor; When heating component adopted the polylith heating resistor, each heating resistor had independently current enter and current output terminal, can independently generate heat, and the resistance value of every heating resistor is identical or different; And parallel connection or the series connection of described heating resistor are adjustable.
7. preheat starting apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: each described heating component current enter position during with normal operation corresponding anode current enter position identical; Each described heating component current output terminal position during with normal operation corresponding negative electrode current output terminal position identical.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220366230 CN202730257U (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2012-07-27 | Preheat starting device of inert electrode aluminum electrolysis cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220366230 CN202730257U (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2012-07-27 | Preheat starting device of inert electrode aluminum electrolysis cell |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202730257U true CN202730257U (en) | 2013-02-13 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220366230 Expired - Lifetime CN202730257U (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2012-07-27 | Preheat starting device of inert electrode aluminum electrolysis cell |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN202730257U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104514015A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-15 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Aluminium electrolytic tank paralleling preheating device and method |
| CN110079831A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-08-02 | 镇江慧诚新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of oxygen aluminium coproduction electrolysis guard method of non-carbon anode metal guide rod |
-
2012
- 2012-07-27 CN CN 201220366230 patent/CN202730257U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104514015A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-15 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Aluminium electrolytic tank paralleling preheating device and method |
| CN104514015B (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2017-07-25 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of aluminium cell preheating device in parallel and method |
| CN110079831A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-08-02 | 镇江慧诚新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of oxygen aluminium coproduction electrolysis guard method of non-carbon anode metal guide rod |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20130213 |