CN202630035U

CN202630035U - Combustor for gasifying solid fuel

Info

Publication number: CN202630035U
Application number: CN 201220105862
Authority: CN
Inventors: J·H·M·迪塞尔霍斯特; F·G·范东根
Original assignee: Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Current assignee: Air Products and Chemicals Inc
Priority date: 2012-03-20
Filing date: 2012-03-20
Publication date: 2012-12-26
Anticipated expiration: 2022-03-20

Abstract

The utility model relates to a combustor for gasifying solid fuel. The combustor comprises a combustor front portion and an opening which is used for discharging the solid fuel, wherein fluids of the opening which is used for discharging the solid fuel are connected with a central channel, the central channel is provided with a downstream portion, the diameter of the channel is increased in a first length and then is reduced in a second length which ends at a position of the combustor front portion, a hollow member is arranged inside the downstream portion of the central channel, the hollow member is provided with an increasing inner diameter and a reducing inner diameter which are consistent with the increased diameter and the reduced diameter of the hollow member, and a connecting pipeline is provided with a discharging opening which is arranged in the expanding portion of the hollow member. The combustor has the advantages of being capable of limiting the heat flux which is communicated with the combustor front portion in the high production capacity, limiting the erosion problem, prolonging the service life of the combustor and reducing the complexity of the design of the combustor.

Description

The burner that is used for gasification of solid fuels

Technical field

The utility model relates to the burner that is used for gasification of solid fuels.Said burner is specially adapted to use oxygen-containing gas to make carbonaceous fuel gasifying; For example to be used for preparation pressurization forming gas, fuel gas or reducing gas; Said carbon-containing fuel is the fine-grained solids fuel for being carried by carrier gas for example, the fine coal that carries like the carrier gas by for example nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide etc.

Background technology

The gasification of solid carbon fuel obtains through the reaction of fuel and oxygen.Fuel mainly comprises as the carbon of combustible component and hydrogen.Particulate carbon-containing fuel that gas carries and oxygen-containing gas are admitted in the reactor with higher speed via the passage that separates in the burner.In reactor, flame is remained on the temperature that is higher than 1300 ℃ come main carbon monoxide and the hydrogen of forming, in this flame, the oxygen reaction in fuel and the oxygen-containing gas.

Multiple burner design has been proposed in the prior art.EP-A-328794 has described a kind of burner, and wherein the coal of particulate is fed to the burner front portion via the central passage of arranging along the longitudinal axis of burner, and oxygen-containing gas is via at least one the circular passage supply around said central passage.Oxygen is directed in the coal stream in the burner front portion.

EP-A-130630 has described a kind of burner, and wherein, at the anterior place of burner, oxygen-containing gas is discharged with high speed from central passage, and oxygen-containing gas is to discharge from ring exit than low velocity.Solid fuel is discharged from a plurality of openings that effluent that are arranged between said center and the annular oxygen exit opening.According to this open text, outside low speed oxygen flow be used to protect burner to prevent since the suction of hot gas cause overheated.If said open text discloses burner and has been used for big output, then being used for solid-fuelled exit opening preferably is not annular shape.Need to prove that such design can not make all solid fuel particles suitably contact with oxygen.

Burner types according to EP-A-328794 has been used for commercial the use like a bomb.But, under high-throughput, increase to and possibly become too short the service life that certain value makes burner thereby lead to the anterior heat flux of burner.

EP-A-130630 is through applying low speed oxygen overcoat around flame, solve the problem of leading to the anterior heat flux of burner.Shortcoming according to the burner of EP-A-130630 is, for high-throughput, solid fuel is admitted to the burner front portion through the passage that separates, and this possibly cause erosion problem.Another problem is the design complexity that causes owing to the single metal spare that needs manufacturing to have a plurality of passages that are used for solid fuel and oxygen-containing gas.

The utility model content

The utility model technical problem to be solved is to lead to the anterior heat flux of burner when being limited in high-throughput, restriction erosion problem, the complexity of prolongation burner service life and minimizing burner design.

A purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of burner, and it can be used for high-throughput, and it does not have the shortcoming of the burner of prior art.

For this reason; The utility model provides a kind of burner that is used for gasification of solid fuels, comprises that burner is anterior, and said burner front portion has the single central opening that is used to discharge solid-fuelled opening and is used to discharge oxygen-containing gas; Wherein, Saidly be used to discharge solid-fuelled opening fluid and be connected to center channel, and wherein, the said opening fluid that is used to discharge oxygen-containing gas is connected to the annular channels that is used to transmit oxygen with the coaxial setting of said center channel; And

Wherein, Said center channel has the downstream part; Wherein, the diameter of said path increases on first length, and on second length that ends at the anterior place of burner, reduces subsequently; And wherein; The downstream part set inside of said center channel has hollow member, and said hollow member is sealed at one end and had opening at the anterior place of said burner, and said hollow member has the diameter of the increase consistent with the increase of said center channel and the diameter that reduces and the diameter that reduces; Being formed for solid-fuelled circular passage, this is used for solid-fuelled circular passage and ends at the anterior place of burner at the annular opening that is used to discharge solid-fuelled inside sensing; And

Wherein, Said hollow member is connected with the said annular channels fluid that is used for oxygen-containing gas through one or more connection pipelines; And wherein; The opening of said hollow member is the opening that is used to discharge oxygen-containing gas at the anterior place of said burner, and wherein, and said hollow member has the increase inside diameter consistent with the increase of said hollow member and the diameter that reduces and reduces inside diameter; And wherein, said tube connector road has the outlet opening in the expansion that is arranged on said hollow member.

In an embodiment of the utility model, said outlet opening has elliptical shape, wherein, and the axis alignment of longer size and said burner.

In an embodiment of the utility model, the quantity of said outlet opening is 3.

In an embodiment of the utility model, the quantity of said outlet opening is 1.

In an embodiment of the utility model, the width that will being used to of said hollow member discharges solid-fuelled opening and be used to discharge the separated edge at the anterior place of burner of the opening of oxygen-containing gas is between 0.5mm and 3mm.

In an embodiment of the utility model, the angle that is formed by the axis that goes out flow path direction and said burner of the annular opening that is used to discharge solid-fuelled inside sensing is between 3 degree and 45 degree.

In an embodiment of the utility model, the angle that is formed by the axis that goes out flow path direction and said burner of the annular opening that is used to discharge solid-fuelled inside sensing is between 5 degree and 30 degree.

In an embodiment of the utility model, the blind end of said hollow member has coniform shape.

In an embodiment of the utility model; Be provided for the annular channels of new cooling agent around the said annular channels that is used for oxygen-containing gas; And the annular channels of the cooling agent that is provided for using around the said annular channels that is used for new cooling agent; Wherein, The said annular channels that is used for oxygen-containing gas, saidly be used for the path of new cooling agent and the annular channels of the said cooling agent of using ends at the place, bonding pad, said bonding pad is provided with the central opening that is used for center channel, be used for used cooling agent from a plurality of openings of coolant jacket inlet passage be used to make new cooling agent to get into a plurality of openings of coolant jacket from path.

In an embodiment of the utility model, the diameter that the bonding pad is arranged on said center channel is inverted to swedged position from increasing diameter.

The utility model also relates to a kind of method of using said burner to prepare the mixture that comprises hydrogen and carbon monoxide through gasification of solid fuels; Wherein, Oxygen-containing gas transmits through the path that is used for oxygen-containing gas; Solid fuel and vector gas transmit through central passage, and gasification is carried out at the anterior place of burner.

The obtainable useful technique effect of the utility model comprises: limited and when high-throughput, led to the anterior heat flux of burner, limited erosion problem, prolonged burner service life and the complexity that has reduced burner design.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the longitudinal section according to the front portion of the burner of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is the view of cross section AA ' that has shown the burner of Fig. 1.

The specific embodiment

The applicant finds, compares with the instruction of EP-A-130630, can be provided for the burner of high-throughput operation, and it has and is used for solid-fuelled annular opening.Through whole oxygen are guided through being used for the central opening of oxygen-containing gas, realize fully contacting with solid-fuelled.Detailed computer simulation prediction flame will raise from the burner front portion a little.This reduces greatly and leads to the anterior heat flux of burner, has prolonged anterior service life of said burner thus and will be used for service life at solid-fuelled circular passage and the separated edge of opening that is used to discharge oxygen-containing gas.

Do not have as according to being used in the burner of EP-A-130630 according to the burner of the utility model to discharge the ring exit of oxygen-containing gas than low velocity.Because the uniformity of hollow member and central passage size aspect is formed for solid-fuelled flow path, this has limited erosion.

Term used herein " oxygen-containing gas " is used in reference to and contains free oxygen, O ₂Gas, and be intended to comprise that air, oxygen-enriched air (being that oxygen is greater than 21% molar percentage) and pure oxygen (being that oxygen is greater than about 95% molar percentage) basically, remainder comprise appears at airborne gas usually, for example nitrogen and/or rare gas.

Term used herein " solid carbon fuel " meaning comprises that combustible material that all gases carries and composition thereof, these combustible materials are selected from the group of the granular solids that comprises coal, coal coke, coal liquefaction residue, petroleum coke, carbon black, living beings and obtain from oil shale, tar sand and pitch.Coal can be an any kind, comprises brown coal, ub-bituminous coal, bituminous coal and anthracite.Solid carbon fuel preferably grinds to form and makes at least about the material of the 90% percentage by weight granularity less than 90 microns, and moisture is less than about 5% percentage by weight.Solid fuel is offered burner with the mode with vector gas nitrogen or carbon dioxide mix.

Term used herein " high productive capacity burner " is intended to comprise the process of wherein discharging from annular opening greater than the solid of 2kg/sec.The width of the annular opening of such high productive capacity burner is preferably between 4mm and 15mm.Solid at its favor speed when annular opening is discharged between 5m/s and 15m/s.

The utility model will further illustrate through Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.Fig. 1 has shown the longitudinal section according to the front portion of the burner 1 of the utility model.Burner 1 has burner front portion 2, and burner anterior 2 has the single central opening 4 that is used to discharge solid-fuelled opening 3 and is used to discharge oxygen-containing gas.Be used to discharge solid-fuelled opening 3 fluids and be connected to center channel 5.Path 6 and center channel 5 coaxial settings.

Center channel 5 has the downstream part, and wherein the diameter of path 5 increases on first length 7, on second length 8 that ends at anterior 2 places of burner, reduces subsequently.The downstream part set inside of center channel has hollow member 9, the 10 places sealing at one end of this hollow member, and anterior 2 places have opening 11 at burner.Hollow member 9 has the diameter and the diameter that reduces of the increase consistent with the increase of center channel 5 and the diameter that reduces; Being formed for solid-fuelled circular passage 12, this is used for solid-fuelled circular passage and ends at anterior 2 places of burner at the annular opening 13 that is used to discharge solid-fuelled inside sensing.Preferably, the uniformity of diameter is chosen to make that the width of circular passage 12 keeps substantial constant to corrode with restriction.

Hollow member 9 preferably has the inside diameter 15 and the inside diameter 16 that reduces of the increase consistent with the increase of hollow member 9 and the diameter that reduces.This defines hollow space in the hollow member with conical portion and frusto-conically shaped portion.Hollow member 9 is connected with the annular channels that is used for oxygen-containing gas 6 fluids through one or more connection pipelines 14.Connecting pipeline 14 still will keep hollow member 9 to keep being arranged on the sept in the center channel 5.Pipeline 14 can be designed in use turning effort is applied to efflux of solids or be applied to oxygen-containing gas or be applied to both.Preferably, connect pipeline 14 and have outlet opening 17, this outlet opening is arranged in the expansion of hollow member 9, in other words, is arranged in the said conical portion.Outlet opening 17 suitably has elliptical shape, wherein, and the long size and the axis alignment of burner.In a preferred embodiment, the quantity of opening 14 is 3.Fig. 1 has also shown the opening 11 at its truncated conical end place of hollow member, and said opening is the opening 4 that is used to discharge oxygen-containing gas at anterior 2 places of burner.Be used to discharge the opening 4 of oxygen-containing gas thereby fluid is connected to the annular channels 6 that is used to transmit oxygen-containing gas with being connected pipeline 14 via hollow member 9.

The size and dimension of hollow member 9 is preferably selected to oxygen-containing gas is discharged with stream with uniform distribution from its opening 11.Preferably, oxygen-containing gas in its speed when this opening is discharged between 30m/s and 90m/s.The shape of hollow member comprises conical end and in the truncated conical end at anterior 2 places of burner, wherein, these two parts all directly connect or can randomly connect through tubular portion.The angle that is formed by the inclined-plane at the top of conical end 10 is preferably between 5 degree and 40 degree.This angle should be too not big, to be limited in efflux of solids flows out to the position of annular channels 12 from center channel 5 erosion.

Preferably, the width that will be used to discharge solid-fuelled opening 3 and be used to discharge the separated edge 25 at anterior 2 places of burner of the opening 4 of oxygen-containing gas of hollow member 9 is between 0.5mm and 3mm.The angle that is formed by the axis that goes out flow path direction and burner 1 of the annular opening 13 that is used to discharge solid-fuelled inside sensing is preferably between 3 degree and 45 degree, more preferably between 5 degree and 30 degree.Have been found that the best contact that in this scope, can obtain between oxygen-containing gas and the fuel, can also obtain the abundant rising of flame simultaneously, thereby reduce heat flux.

The burner of Fig. 1 also has the preferred annular channels 19 that is used for new cooling agent, and it is provided with around annular channels 6.Around path 19, the annular channels 20 of the cooling agent that is provided for using.Suitably;

Path

6,19 and 20 terminates in bonding pad 21, and said bonding pad 21 is provided with the central opening that is used for center channel 5, be used for used cooling agent from a plurality of openings 22 of coolant jacket 23 inlet passages 20 be used to make new cooling agent to get into a plurality of openings 24 of coolant jackets 23 from path 19.The existence of bonding pad 21 is favourable because its make it possible to change simply can vitiable hollow member 9.The frusto-conically shaped portion of hollow member can through from the bonding pad 21 cut away coolant jacket 23 and center channel 5 frustum of a cone wall part 26 remove.The diameter that bonding pad 21 suitably is arranged on center channel 5 is reversed to swedged position from increasing diameter, to allow removal simply as described herein.

Coolant jacket 23 is preferably coolant jacket described in above-mentioned EP-A-328794 or described in CN-A-101363624.Such coolant jacket 23 has double-walled 28,29, and said double-walled is limited to the outside of the burner part that 21 places, bonding pad begin and stop at anterior 2 places of burner.Double-walled 28,29 is spaced apart by one or more dividing plate 30, and said one or more dividing plate stop collars are around the coolant flowpaths of the said burner part and the part of said burner front portion 2.At anterior 2 places of burner, in new cooling agent compartment 31 inlet openings 32 of new cooling agent via wall 26 qualifications of wall 29 and center channel 5.New cooling agent compartment 31 is connected to path 19 via opening 24 fluids.

The having of burner 1 is used for oxygen-containing gas, solid fuel, new cooling agent and not shown at Fig. 1 with the end of the supply joint of the cooling agent of mistake.Design described in the CN-A-101363622 can suitably be used for this purpose.

The Reference numeral that uses among Fig. 2 has aforesaid equivalent.In addition, Fig. 2 has shown the outer wall 27 of annular channels 20.Fig. 2 has shown the preferred embodiment with three openings 17.Shown the alternate embodiment that only has an opening 17 in a connection pipeline 14 and three openings among Fig. 1.

Claims

1. burner (1) that is used for gasification of solid fuels; It is characterized in that; Said burner comprises burner anterior (2), and said burner front portion has and is used to discharge solid-fuelled opening (3) and the single central opening (4) that is used to discharge oxygen-containing gas, wherein; Saidly be used to discharge solid-fuelled opening (3) fluid and be connected to center channel (5); And wherein, said opening (4) fluid that is used to discharge oxygen-containing gas is connected to the annular channels that is used for oxygen-containing gas (6) with the coaxial setting of said center channel (5)

Wherein, said center channel (5) has the downstream part, wherein; The diameter of said path (5) is gone up in first length (7) and is increased; And reduce ending on second length of locating burner front portion (2) (8) subsequently, and wherein, the downstream part set inside of said center channel has hollow member (9); Said hollow member at one end (10) is located sealing; And locate to have opening (11) at said burner anterior (2), said hollow member (9) has the diameter of the increase consistent with the increase of said center channel (5) and the diameter that reduces and the diameter that reduces, to be formed for solid-fuelled circular passage (12); This is used for solid-fuelled circular passage and ends at burner front portion (2) at the annular opening that is used to discharge solid-fuelled inside sensing (13) and locate

And wherein; Said hollow member (9) is connected with said annular channels (6) fluid that is used for oxygen-containing gas through one or more connection pipelines (14); And wherein; The opening that be used to discharge oxygen-containing gas (4) of the opening of said hollow member (11) for locating at said burner anterior (2), and wherein, said hollow member (9) have the inside diameter (15) of the increase consistent with the increase of said hollow member (9) and the diameter that reduces and the inside diameter (16) that reduces; And wherein, said connection pipeline (14) has the outlet opening (17) in the expansion that is arranged on said hollow member (9).

2. burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said outlet opening (17) has elliptical shape, wherein, and the axis alignment of longer size and said burner.

3. according to each described burner among the claim 1-2, it is characterized in that the quantity of said outlet opening (17) is 3.

4. according to each described burner among the claim 1-2, it is characterized in that the quantity of said outlet opening (17) is 1.

5. burner according to claim 1; It is characterized in that the separated width at the edge (25) that burner anterior (2) is located of will being used to of said hollow member (9) opening (4) of discharging solid-fuelled opening (3) and being used to discharge oxygen-containing gas is between 0.5mm and 3mm.

6. burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the angle that is formed by the axis that goes out flow path direction and said burner (1) of the annular opening that is used to discharge solid-fuelled inside sensing (13) is between 3 degree and 45 degree.

7. burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the angle that is formed by the axis that goes out flow path direction and said burner (1) of the annular opening that is used to discharge solid-fuelled inside sensing (13) is between 5 degree and 30 degree.

8. burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the blind end (10) of said hollow member (9) has coniform shape.

9. burner according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Be provided for the annular channels (19) of new cooling agent around the said annular channels (6) that is used for oxygen-containing gas; And the annular channels (20) of the cooling agent that is provided for using around the said annular channels (19) that is used for new cooling agent; Wherein, The annular channels (20) of the said annular channels (6) that is used for oxygen-containing gas, the said path (19) that is used for new cooling agent and the said cooling agent of using ends at bonding pad (21) and locates, and said bonding pad is provided with the central opening that is used for center channel (5), be used for used cooling agent from a plurality of openings (22) of coolant jacket (23) inlet passage (20) be used to make new cooling agent to get into a plurality of openings (24) of coolant jacket (23) from path (19).

10. burner according to claim 9 is characterized in that, the diameter that bonding pad (21) are arranged on said center channel (5) is inverted to swedged position from increasing diameter.