CN202586685U - A permanent magnet rotating machine - Google Patents
A permanent magnet rotating machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN202586685U CN202586685U CN 201220028815 CN201220028815U CN202586685U CN 202586685 U CN202586685 U CN 202586685U CN 201220028815 CN201220028815 CN 201220028815 CN 201220028815 U CN201220028815 U CN 201220028815U CN 202586685 U CN202586685 U CN 202586685U
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Abstract
Provided is a permanent magnet rotating machine which does not lead to decreases in torque and motor efficiency and which enhances demagnetization endurance of the permanent magnet. The permanent magnet rotating machine comprises a rotor including at least one permanent magnet buried in at least one permanent magnet inserting hole arranged on the rotor core. The permanent magnet forms magnetic pole of the magnetic field. A conductive member is arranged between the permanent magnet and the magnetic substance forming the rotor and the conductive member surrounds the permanent magnet mounted in the rotor, and the peripheral side surface between a magnetic pole face opposite to a stator and a magnetic pole face on the opposite side of the stator. The resistance per unit length, which is along the surrounding direction of the conductive member on at least one side of the conductive member peripheral sides, is different from that on other side surfaces.
Description
Technical field
The utility model also relates to the electric rotating machine with permanent magnet except permanent magnet formula synchronous machine.
Background technology
In permanent magnet formula synchronous machine, when applying with the reverse demagnetizing field of the direction of magnetization of permanent magnet, the magnetic force of permanent magnet descends.Generally speaking, in the BH of permanent magnet curve, if the BH curve is the scope with linear expression; Even then apply demagnetizing field; When removing demagnetizing field, the magnetic force of permanent magnet also can restore once more, but when applying demagnetizing field and becoming non-linear scope up to crossing BH turning point on a curve (can't keep the gauge point of the linear property of BH curve); Even if remove demagnetizing field, magnetic force also is absorbed in the state that is called as " permanent demagnetization " that can't recover.If in the permanent magnet that permanent magnet formula synchronous machine is adopted, produce so permanent demagnetization, then might can't bring into play as the original performance of permanent magnet formula synchronous machine high torque (HT)/high efficiency etc. for example.Therefore, in order to prevent permanent demagnetization, increase the direction of magnetization thickness of magnet, or adopt realize the demagnetizing raising of endurance of high confining force material.
When the disengaging of permanent magnet formula synchronous machine is synchronous or Control Software during when breaking down and by asynchronous driving etc. under the situation, rotating magnetic field becomes demagnetizing field sometimes.From the purpose that prevents the permanent demagnetization that such demagnetizing field causes, a kind of technology that will surround at the permanent magnet that the rotor magnetic core is provided with conductor plate is disclosed in patent documentation 1.When rotating magnetic field exceedingly imposes on permanent magnet as demagnetizing field,, produce vortex flow at conductor plate according to Faraday's electromagnetic induction law.Thus, owing to produce the induced field relative, so can expect to improve the effect of the demagnetization endurance of permanent magnet with demagnetizing field.
In addition, disclose a kind ofly in the permanent magnet electric rotating machine at patent documentation 2, pasted conductive sheet on permanent magnet rotary surface and suppress the structure of the surface losses that vortex flow causes.
[patent documentation 1] TOHKEMY 2008-125242 communique
[patent documentation 2] TOHKEMY is put down the 9-308150 communique
But, on the other hand, on conductor plate, produce the ohmic loss that causes by resistance that conductor plate or conductive sheet had and the vortex flow that flows through conductor plate, the conductor plate heating.Therefore, there is following problems in above-mentioned technology.
(1) heating of conductor plate or conductive sheet itself causes the temperature of permanent magnet to rise, and brings the decline of relict flux density or the such permanent magnet performance decrease of decline of confining force.Especially, the decline of confining force directly cause the demagnetizing decline of endurance, therefore in above-mentioned technology, the realization property that improves the so original purpose of demagnetization endurance is significantly impaired.
(2) owing to the loss that has a resistance at conductor plate, cause the decline of motor efficiency.Especially, in the conductor plate heating, under the situation that temperature rises, ohmic loss increases, and therefore causes the further decline of motor efficiency.
In patent documentation 1, in order to solve first problem,, mentioned a kind of structure that fan etc. is set, so that the heat radiation quantitative change of the axial end of the rotor magnetic core of permanent magnet is big as the technology of the thermal diffusivity that improves conductor plate.But in the structure of above-mentioned that kind, the thermal diffusivity of the radial component of the rotor magnetic core of conductor plate does not improve, and produces from the heat conduction of radial component to permanent magnet, prevents that therefore the effect that the temperature of permanent magnet rises is limited.
But, when the temperature of considering conductor plate rises owing to ohmic loss causes, then otherwise reduce the resistance of conductor plate, the heating that just can't solve conductor plate in essence.In other words, need only the resistance that can reduce conductor plate in the design phase, not only can reduce ohmic loss, prevent the decline of motor efficiency, but also suppress the heating that ohmic loss causes, therefore can solve above-mentioned two problems simultaneously.In patent documentation 1, though there is the material that conductance is high to be used for the record of conductor plate, for the method that reduces resistance through method in addition, the record that then has no.
As the method for the resistance that reduces conductor plate, except using the high material of conductance, increase the thickness of slab of conductor plate in addition and enlarge the flowing path section Method for Area of vortex flow.But, when the thickness of slab of conductor plate increases,, correspondingly the space of burying underground of permanent magnet disappears, and therefore, causes the decline of motor performances such as torque decline or decrease in efficiency.
The utility model content
The purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of torque decline or motor efficiency of can not causing to descend, and can improve the permanent-magnet rotary electric machine of the demagnetization endurance of permanent magnet.
The utility model provides a kind of permanent-magnet rotary electric machine, and it has:
Stator with tooth of coiling stator winding;
Rotor with the magnetic that constitutes by rotor core;
At least one magnet insertion holes in said magnetic configuration; And
At least one permanent magnet of burying underground in this magnet insertion holes,
Constitute field pole through this permanent magnet,
It is characterized in that,
Between permanent magnet and said magnetic, with around and surround the mode of the permanent magnet circumferential lateral surface between the magnetic pole strength of the magnetic pole strength said permanent magnet be embedded in said magnetic, relative with the tooth of said stator and its opposition side, be provided with electric-conductor,
The axial component of said electric-conductor around direction per unit length resistance be different from electric-conductor radial component around direction per unit length resistance.
In addition, it is characterized in that the said axial component of said electric-conductor has different areas of section with said radial component.
In addition, in permanent-magnet rotary electric machine, it is characterized in that,
When the per unit length resistance around direction that sets up electric-conductor in the radial part that is not embedded in said magnetic and non-conterminous at least one said electric-conductor separately is R1; When the per unit length resistance around direction that sets up electric-conductor separately in the axial part that is embedded in said magnetic and adjacent said electric-conductor was R2, R1＜R2 set up.
In addition, in permanent-magnet rotary electric machine, it is characterized in that,
The permanent magnet of each utmost point is divided into a plurality of on axial or circumferencial direction, and the circumferential lateral surface between the magnetic curved surface of said each permanent magnet is surrounded by said electric-conductor.
In addition, in permanent-magnet rotary electric machine, it is characterized in that,
Between the adjacent said permanent magnet that surrounds by electric-conductor, has the rib that constitutes by magnetic.
And then, a kind of permanent-magnet rotary electric machine is provided, it possesses:
Stator with tooth of coiling stator winding;
Be supported in interior all sides of stator and have the rotor of the magnetic that constitutes by rotor core;
The a plurality of notches that are provided with vertically at the magnetic peripheral part;
The conductivity rod of in notch, burying underground;
Make the conductivity end ring of conductivity rod conducting at axial end; And
At least one permanent magnet of burying underground in interior all sides of the said conductivity rod of said magnetic;
It is characterized in that,
Between between permanent magnet and the said magnetic and be provided with: around and surround the electric-conductor of the permanent magnet circumferential lateral surface between the magnetic pole strength of magnetic pole strength said permanent magnet, relative with the tooth of said stator and its opposition side,
The axial component of said electric-conductor around direction per unit length resistance be different from radial component around direction per unit length resistance.
And then, it is characterized in that the said axial component of said electric-conductor has different areas of section with said radial component.
And then, in permanent-magnet rotary electric machine, it is characterized in that,
When the per unit length resistance around direction that sets up said electric-conductor in the radial part that is not embedded in said magnetic and non-conterminous at least one said electric-conductor separately is R1; When the per unit length resistance around direction that sets up said electric-conductor separately in the axial part that is embedded in said magnetic and adjacent said electric-conductor was R2, R1＜R2 set up.
And then, in permanent-magnet rotary electric machine, it is characterized in that,
The said permanent magnet of each utmost point is divided into a plurality of on the axial or circumferencial direction of said stator, and the circumferential lateral surface between the magnetic curved surface of said each permanent magnet is surrounded by said electric-conductor.
And then, in permanent-magnet rotary electric machine, it is characterized in that,
Between the adjacent said permanent magnet that surrounds by electric-conductor, has the rib that constitutes by magnetic.
And then, in permanent-magnet rotary electric machine, it is characterized in that,
In said electric-conductor; At the radial component that is not embedded in said magnetic and non-conterminous at least one said electric-conductor; At least a portion of said electric-conductor has with respect to said permanent magnet patchhole to axially outstanding protuberance, and the part of this protuberance is relative with the axial end of said magnetic.
[utility model effect]
According to the utility model; Permanent magnet formula synchronous machine possesses the stator with tooth, the rotor with the magnetic that is made up of rotor core, at least one magnet insertion holes of magnetic configuration and at least one permanent magnet of burying underground in magnet insertion holes; Constitute field pole through permanent magnet, wherein, between permanent magnet and said magnetic; With around and surround the mode of the permanent magnet circumferential lateral surface between the magnetic pole strength of the magnetic pole strength permanent magnet be embedded in magnetic, relative with the tooth of stator and its opposition side; Be provided with electric-conductor, and the axial component of electric-conductor around direction per unit length resistance be different from electric-conductor radial component around direction per unit length resistance, thus; Can not cause torque decline or motor efficiency to descend, can improve the demagnetization endurance of permanent magnet.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the ideograph of rotor of the permanent magnet formula synchronous machine of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the radial section figure of the permanent magnet formula synchronous machine of the utility model.
Fig. 3 is permanent magnet and the stereogram of electric-conductor of the embodiment 1 of the utility model.
Fig. 4 is permanent magnet and the stereogram of electric-conductor of the embodiment 2 of the utility model.
Fig. 5 is permanent magnet and the stereogram of electric-conductor of the embodiment 3 of the utility model.
Fig. 6 is permanent magnet and the stereogram of electric-conductor of the embodiment 4 of the utility model.
Fig. 7 is the radial section figure of utmost point part of permanent magnet formula synchronous machine of the embodiment 5 of the utility model.
Fig. 8 is the radial section figure of leaning magnetic field of permanent magnet formula synchronous machine of the embodiment 5 of expression the utility model.
Fig. 9 is the radial section figure of vertical magnetic field of permanent magnet formula synchronous machine of the embodiment 5 of expression the utility model.
Figure 10 is the radial section figure of leaning magnetic field of permanent magnet formula synchronous machine of the embodiment 6 of expression the utility model.
Figure 11 is the radial section figure of self-starting type permanent magnet formula synchronous machine of the embodiment 7 of the utility model.
Figure 12 is the radial section figure of permanent magnet formula magnetic resistance electric rotating machine of the embodiment 8 of the utility model.
Embodiment
Below, the embodiment to the utility model describes with reference to accompanying drawing.Fig. 1 is the ideograph of rotor of the permanent magnet formula synchronous machine of the utility model.
In Fig. 1, rotor 1 is made up of rotor core 2, and through being inserted in output shaft in the axis hole 7 to outside transferring power.Rotor core 2 also can be made up of the overlapping steel plate at axial overlap, also can be made up of dust core etc., can also amorphous metal etc. formation.In the inside of rotor 1, dispose the permanent magnet of in not shown magnet insertion holes, burying underground 3 that roughly forms with the mode that constitutes 4 utmost points by cuboid.
With around and the mode of surrounding the side periphery between the magnetic pole strength of magnetic pole strength permanent magnet 3, relative with stator 1 and its opposition side be provided with electric-conductor 6.Electric-conductor 6 is far smaller than metals such as the Fe, Cu of the resistance of permanent magnet and constitutes by resistance.
The electric-conductor of the rotor axial part of electric-conductor 6 is different around the per unit length resistance of direction with the electric-conductor of rotor radial part around the per unit length resistance of direction.For example, the resistance of the axial component 61 of electric-conductor 6 is less than the resistance of radial component 62.
Electric-conductor 6 can be through the die-casting process moulding; Also can process moulding through sheet metal shape material is carried out warpage; And welded joint make to surround the method that the electric-conductor 6 of permanent magnet 3 peripheries conducts and makes, or makes the electric-conductor 6 that surrounds permanent magnet 3 peripheries conduct through the fastening method of screw to make.Perhaps, the electric-conductor 6 that also can be welded into the periphery that makes the permanent magnet 3 that surrounds a utmost point through the sheet metal that welds a plurality of weak points conducts, or the method that conducts of the electric-conductor 6 through fastening feasible encirclement permanent magnet 3 peripheries of screw.The plate of electric-conductor 6 is wide can be greater than the magnetic curved surface or the direction of magnetization thickness of permanent magnet 3, also can be less than the magnetic curved surface or the direction of magnetization thickness of permanent magnet 3.
The permanent magnet that constitutes the magnetic pole of rotor can constitute by one, also can be divided into a plurality of.In addition; Can be electric-conductor 6 and permanent magnet 3 is integrally formed through two look forming techniques (double mold); At this moment; Because the dead space volume that both dimensional tolerances cause disappears, therefore can realize the increase of permanent magnet surface area and the increase of useful flux, and then realize the increase of torque, the raising of efficient.
Fig. 2 is the utmost point radial section figure partly of the permanent magnet formula synchronous machine of the utility model.In following figure, mark prosign and omit repeat specification for the inscape identical with Fig. 1.Below, the principle that improves for the demagnetization endurance that makes permanent magnet through electric-conductor 6 describes.
In Fig. 2, when applying the demagnetizing field 5 relative,, on conductor plate 6, produce vortex flow according to Faraday's electromagnetic induction law with the direction of magnetization of permanent magnet 3.Thus, owing to produce the induced field relative with demagnetizing field 5, so can improve the demagnetization endurance of permanent magnet 3.Improve in week side, the size of induced field is also inequality, and is big near the current source according to Ampere's law, along with diminishing away from current source.That is, near electric- conductor radial component 62a, 62b, the raising effect of demagnetization endurance is big, and the closer to magnetic pole central authorities, this effect dies down more.
On the other hand, because the resistance that has of electric-conductor 6, through the vortex flow that flows through electric-conductor 6 loss that has a resistance, electric-conductor generates heat.Therefore, need structure, reduce ohmic loss, prevent the technology of the decline and the inhibition heating of motor efficiency through the resistance that constitutes electric-conductor 6.
As the method for the resistance that reduces electric-conductor 6, except the high material of conductance was used in combination, the thickness of slab or the plate that increase electric-conductor in addition were wide, made that the area of section of stream of vortex flow is local to be enlarged and the method for combination.
Specifically, in Fig. 2, be meant the roughly circumferencial direction width that enlarges electric- conductor radial component 62a, 62b, or enlarge the roughly method of radial width.But, when enlarging the circumferencial direction width,, correspondingly reduce in the space of burying underground of permanent magnet, therefore causes the decline of motor performances such as torque decline or decrease in efficiency.
Therefore; The purport of the utility model is: with the demagnetization endurance that improves permanent magnet be purpose and surrounding under the situation of permanent magnet with electric-conductor; Do not reduce the burying the space underground of permanent magnet and reduce the ohmic loss of electric-conductor; Prevent the decline of motor efficiency, and suppress the heating that the ohmic loss because of electric-conductor causes.
For example, enlarge the space of burying underground that the method for width of the radial component 62 of electric-conductor 6 shown in Figure 2 can not reduce permanent magnet.In addition; In permanent magnet formula synchronous machine; Though to reduce leakage field between magnetic pole is purpose and the magnetic flux barrier is set in the circumferencial direction end of permanent magnet 3 mostly; But through making electric-conductor 6 constitute the double part of this magnetic flux barrier or all done, thereby can take into account the increase of useful flux of raising and the permanent magnet of demagnetization endurance simultaneously.
[embodiment 1]
Fig. 3 is permanent magnet and the stereogram of electric-conductor of the embodiment 1 of the utility model.In Fig. 3, the thickness of slab of the axial component 61 of electric-conductor 6 is greater than the thickness of slab of radial component 62.Promptly; At axial component 61 electric-conductor 6 is defined as R1 around the per unit length resistance of direction; Radial component 62 with electric-conductor 6 be defined as R2 around the per unit length resistance of direction, then constitute R1＜R2 this moment, thereby reduce the per unit length resistance of axial component 61.Thus, can reduce the whole ohmic loss of electric-conductor 6 not reducing under the situation of burying the space underground of permanent magnet, prevent the decline of motor efficiency, and suppress the heating that the ohmic loss of electric-conductor 6 causes, and improve demagnetization endurance.
Electric-conductor 6 can be the such stamping-out of hollow bulb to be set process in the electric-conductor of bulk, also can be through the die-casting process moulding.Perhaps weld a plurality of sheet metals and the electric-conductor of each utmost point of magnet is conducted, or screw is fastening and the electric-conductor of each utmost point of magnet is conducted.Permanent magnet 3 is being embedded in the hollow bulb of electric-conductor 6 and is processing under the situation of Construction integration, through be provided with magnet fixedly usefulness protuberance 10 and be pressed into magnet, thereby can not use binding agent etc. and integrated easily.Protuberance 10 is as long as fixing simply with permanent magnet 3 in the operation of inserting permanent magnet patchhole 4, also can constitute small protuberance through solder-coating thinly etc.
The axial length of electric-conductor 6 is identical with the axial length of rotor core 2, or shorter than the axial length of rotor core 2, also can be longer than the axial length of rotor core 2.Under situation than rotor core 2 length; The through slot of the protuberance of electric-conductor 6 is set on the end plate that the permanent magnet presser feet that rotor 1 is possessed is used; And be provided for suppressing the axially movable retainer of permanent magnet, perhaps the structure of the inhibition plate of the form fit of formation setting and protuberance.
[embodiment 2]
Fig. 4 is permanent magnet and the stereogram of electric-conductor of the embodiment 2 of the utility model.In embodiment 2, it is wide that the plate of the axial component 61 of electric-conductor 6 is wider than the plate of radial component 62.
That is, be defined as R1, when the per unit length resistance of radial component 62 is defined as R2, constitute R1＜R2 at per unit length resistance with axial component 61.Thus, can reduce the whole ohmic loss of electric-conductor 6 not reducing under the situation of burying the space underground of permanent magnet, prevent the decline of motor efficiency, and suppress the heating that the ohmic loss because of electric-conductor 6 causes, and improve demagnetization endurance.
In the assembling procedure of rotor, for example, in electric-conductor axial component 61, under the state of the plate that does not have upside, electric-conductor 6 is inserted the permanent magnet patchhole of rotors 1 up vertically after, insert permanent magnet 3 vertically down, engage the plate of upside.When engaging, the electric-conductor through the welding or fastening feasible encirclement magnet one utmost point of screw conducts.Perhaps, also can constitute electric-conductor 6,, conduct through welding or the fastening electric-conductor of each utmost point of magnet that makes of screw through respectively after the permanent magnet patchhole inserts permanent magnet by a plurality of sheet metals.When the axial length of electric-conductor radial component 62 was grown than rotor core 2, because the end plate that electric-conductor axial component 61 is used as the permanent magnet presser feet works, so compare with the structure of Fig. 3, permanent magnet was prone in axial fixedly transfiguration.
[embodiment 3]
Fig. 5 is illustrated among the embodiment 3 by a plurality of sheet metals to constitute the stereogram under the situation of electric-conductor 6.In embodiment 3, the axial component 61 of electric-conductor 6 is divided into bottom 61a and top 61b.61a is provided with electric-conductor axial component 62, protuberance 10 and magnet presser feet 63 in the bottom, constitutes Construction integration at the chimeric permanent magnet 3 of the hollow bulb of electric-conductor 6.
In the assembling procedure of rotor, for example, after the permanent magnet that electric-conductor 6 is inserted rotor up vertically under the state that does not have top 61b inserts in the hole, top 61b is engaged in electric-conductor 6.At this moment, through sheet metal is fixing also fastening with screw altogether with screwed hole 11a and 11b, thereby electrically/mechanically engage.In addition, through also fastening with screw at the fixing screwed hole that cooperates with screwed hole 12 of the axial end setting of rotor core and electric-conductor, thus fixedly electric-conductor 6 and permanent magnet 3 and do not make them mobile vertically.Need to prove, sheet metal fixing with screwed hole 11, electric-conductor is fixing can not adopt the fastening mode of screw with screwed hole 12, also can adopt fixing based on punching (punching) etc.
[embodiment 4]
Fig. 6 is permanent magnet and the stereogram of electric-conductor of the embodiment 4 of expression the utility model.In embodiment 4, the axial component 61 of electric-conductor 6 be shaped as the radiating fin shape.That is, at electric-conductor axial component 61, when surface area became big, thermal diffusivity improved, and can realize the further reduction of ohmic loss.Electric-conductor 6 can be that stamping-out processing hollow bulb forms in the electric-conductor of bulk, also can perhaps be made up of a plurality of sheet metals through the die-casting process moulding, conducts through welding or the fastening electric-conductor of each utmost point of magnet that makes of screw.
More than, be illustrated for 4 utmost point motors, the structure shown in Fig. 3～6 for 2 utmost points and 6 extremely above also can obtain same effect by the multipole permanent magnet formula synchronous machine that constitutes.In addition, be illustrated, but also can obtain same effect for axial-gap permanent magnet formula synchronous machine for radial gap type permanent magnet formula synchronous machine.In addition, for interior transition electric rotating machine be illustrated, but for outer transition electric rotating machine also can obtain same effect.
[embodiment 5]
But under the situation of the structure of that kind shown in Figure 2, the effect that the demagnetization endurance based on electric-conductor 6 that obtains sometimes improves is so inabundant.
Fig. 7 is the radial section figure of utmost point part of permanent magnet formula synchronous machine of principle of the embodiment 5 of explanation the utility model.In Fig. 7, demagnetizing field 5 applies with respect to the direction of magnetization of permanent magnet obliquely.Applying under the situation of this demagnetizing field, becoming few from electric-conductor 6 observed total flux change.That is, owing to have the inflow magnetic flux and outflow magnetic flux of permanent magnet, so both resultant fluxs become seldom, the vortex flow of responding at electric-conductor 6 also becomes few.Therefore, the induced field of electric-conductor 6 diminishes, and the effect that demagnetization endurance improves becomes limited.Use the solution countermeasure of Fig. 8 explanation to this problem.
Fig. 8 is the radial section figure of utmost point part of permanent magnet formula synchronous machine of the embodiment 5 of the utility model.In Fig. 8, a utmost point is made up of roughly along the circumferential direction divided 2 block permanent magnet 3a, 3c, and each permanent magnet is surrounded by electric-conductor 6.That is, permanent magnet 3a is surrounded by electric- conductor radial component 62a, 62b and not shown electric-conductor axial component, and each electric-conductor conducts.Equally, permanent magnet 3c is surrounded by electric- conductor radial component 62c, 62d and electric-conductor axial component, and each electric-conductor conducts.
Be made up of nonmagnetic material 13 between electric-conductor radial component 62b and the 62c, the electric-conductor of the electric-conductor of encirclement permanent magnet 3a and encirclement permanent magnet 3c is by electric insulation.Thus,, also each permanent magnet is applied and flow into magnetic flux or flow out magnetic flux, therefore can improve the demagnetization endurance of each permanent magnet independently with respect to the demagnetizing field of the inclination of that kind shown in Figure 7.
The electric-conductor that electric-conductor 6 is constituted as the radial component of at least one is different from the per unit length resistance of other axial component around the per unit length resistance of direction.In addition, can each permanent magnet be processed the such structure of Fig. 3～Fig. 6, thus, can reduce the ohmic loss of electric-conductor 6, prevent the decline of motor efficiency, and suppress the heating that the ohmic loss because of electric-conductor 6 causes, and improve demagnetization endurance.
And then, even the structure of embodiment 5 such demagnetizing field 5 shown in Figure 9 with respect to the direction of magnetization of the permanent magnet situation relative from the front under, also the reduction to the ohmic loss of electric-conductor 6 has very big effect.Below, use formula to come quantificational expression for this viewpoint.
At first, the vortex flow I e that produces at electric-conductor 6 uses and passes the magnetic flux of permanent magnet and the resistance R of electric-conductor 6 according to Faraday's electromagnetic induction law, representes through following formula.
[formula 1]
When the variable quantity of establishing the magnetic flux between the time Δ t is Δ φ,
[formula 2]
Therefore, the ohmic loss Pe of vortex flow Ie generation representes through following formula.
[formula 3]
P
e＝R·I
e 2 …(3)
In that kind shown in Figure 2, constituting by a block permanent magnet under the situation of 1 utmost point, the ohmic loss Pe1 of electric-conductor representes through following formula.
[formula 4]
On the other hand, that kind shown in Figure 9, by constituting under the situation of 1 utmost point at divided two block permanent magnets of circumferencial direction, the ohmic loss Pe2 of each electric-conductor representes through following formula.But in following formula, electric-conductor 6 is the such structures of Fig. 3～Fig. 6, and the resistance of supposing electric-conductor axial component 61 is far smaller than the resistance of electric-conductor radial component 62 and ignores, and R2=R1.In addition, owing to along the circumferential direction permanent magnet two is cut apart, so φ 2=φ 1/2.
[formula 5]
Can know that from following formula under situation about along the circumferential direction permanent magnet 2 being cut apart, the ohmic loss of per 1 utmost point electric-conductor is:
[formula 6]
It is to constitute half the under the situation of 1 utmost point by a block permanent magnet.
To sum up,, more can reduce the ohmic loss of electric-conductor 6, in addition, can also suppress the heating of electric-conductor 6 by divided 2 structures that constitute in a circumferential direction than the structure that constitutes 1 utmost point by a block permanent magnet.
Need to prove, constituting under the situation of 1 utmost point with the electric-conductor that surrounds each permanent magnet, also can access with above-mentioned effect and be equal to or the effect more than it by the permanent magnet that along the circumferential direction is split into more than 3.In addition; Constituting under the situation of 1 utmost point with the electric-conductor that surrounds each permanent magnet by the permanent magnet that is split into vertically more than 2; Or along the circumferential direction with axially having the permanent magnet more than 2 to constitute under the situation of 1 utmost point respectively with the electric-conductor that surrounds each permanent magnet, also can access with above-mentioned effect and be equal to or the effect more than it.
[embodiment 6]
Figure 10 is the radial section figure of utmost point part of permanent magnet formula synchronous machine of the embodiment 6 of expression the utility model.In Figure 10, along the circumferential direction accompanying the rotor core 2 that constitutes by magnetic and the rib 8 of one between divided 2 block permanent magnet 3a, the 3c.According to this structure, in the magnetic loop of the magnetic flux 9b that produces by the vortex flow that flows through electric- conductor radial component 62b, 62c, 9c, can reduce the magnetic resistance of the part of rib 8.The result is that induced field increases, and can further improve the demagnetization endurance of permanent magnet.
For this effect, when explaining, be described below according to the magnetic loop equation.At first, under the situation of Fig. 8, flow through the induction magnetic flux φ e that vortex flow Ie produced of electric-conductor radial component 62b, magnetic resistance Rm that g can use permanent magnet 3a, rotor core 2 magnetic resistance RFe, nonmagnetic material 13 magnetic resistance Rg and represent through following formula.
[formula 7]
In formula (7), the magnetic susceptibility of rotor core 2 is far longer than the magnetic susceptibility of permanent magnet 3a or nonmagnetic material 13, therefore approximate RFe=0.
On the other hand, the situation of Figure 10 too, flow through the induction magnetic flux φ e that vortex flow Ie produced of electric-conductor radial component 62b, magnetic resistance Rm that r can use permanent magnet 3a, rotor core 2 magnetic resistance RFe, magnetic 8 magnetic resistance Rr and represent through following formula.
[formula 8]
In formula (7), because the magnetic susceptibility of the magnetic susceptibility of rotor core 2 and rib 13 is far longer than the magnetic susceptibility of permanent magnet 3a, therefore approximate RFe=0, Rr=0.More than, can know through comparison expression (7) and formula (8), when accompanying the rib 8 that constitutes by magnetic, can increase that induced magnetism passes to and induced field, and can further improve the demagnetization endurance of permanent magnet.
Need to prove that if rib 8 becomes excessive, then permanent magnet 3a and permanent magnet 3c circumferencial direction brow leakage separately increases, therefore exist the useful flux of permanent magnet to descend, cause the possibility of torque decline, decrease in efficiency.Therefore, the roughly circumferencial direction width of rib 8 need be chosen as suitable value.
More than, the foregoing description is illustrated 4 utmost point motors of permanent magnet formula synchronous machine, but the structure shown in Fig. 8～10 for 2 utmost points and 6 extremely above also can obtain same effect by the multipole permanent magnet formula synchronous machine that constitutes.In addition, be illustrated, but also can obtain same effect for axial-gap permanent magnet formula synchronous machine for radial gap type permanent magnet formula synchronous machine.In addition, interior transition of electric rotating machine has been described, but for outer transition electric rotating machine also can obtain same effect.
[embodiment 7]
Figure 11 is the radial section figure that expression is applicable to the utility model rotor situation, embodiment 7 of self-starting type permanent magnet formula synchronous machine.In Figure 11, rotor 1 is in the inside of being located at the rotor core 2 of axle on 7, becomes the mode of 2 utmost points with number of magnetic poles, and configuration constitutes a plurality of rotor notches 14 and is located at its inner startup with stub 15 and be embedded in the permanent magnet 3 of magnet insertion holes 4.Mode with the circumferential lateral surface between the magnetic pole strength that surrounds magnetic pole strength permanent magnet 3, relative with stator tooth and its opposition side possesses electric-conductor 6.
In the rotor of this self-starting type permanent magnet formula synchronous machine; If such formation electric-conductor 6 shown in embodiment 1 to embodiment 6; Then can reduce the ohmic loss of electric-conductor 6; Prevent the decline of motor efficiency, and suppress the heating that the ohmic loss because of electric-conductor 6 causes, and improve demagnetization endurance.
Especially, under the situation of self-starting type permanent magnet formula synchronous machine, apply asynchronous rotating magnetic field during owing to startup, so the raising of demagnetization endurance becomes very important.Need use high confining force material in the prior art.Thereby cause the increase of cost, but according to embodiment 7, a kind of low cost, high efficiency can be provided and have the self-starting type permanent magnet formula synchronous machine of highly reliable surname.
Structure shown in Figure 10 need to prove, 2 utmost point motors are illustrated, even but extremely above also can obtain same effect by the multipole self-starting type permanent magnet formula synchronous machine that constitutes for 4.In addition, clearance type self-starting type permanent magnet formula synchronous machine radially is illustrated, but, also can obtains same effect for axial-gap self-starting type permanent magnet formula synchronous machine.In addition, for interior transition electric rotating machine be illustrated, but, also can obtain same effect for outer transition of electric rotating machine.
[embodiment 8]
Figure 12 is the radial section figure that expression is applicable to the utility model rotor situation, embodiment 8 of permanent magnet formula magnetic resistance electric rotating machine.In Figure 12, rotor 1 possesses a plurality of rotor tooths 19 at the peripheral part of being located at the rotor core 2 of axle on 7, possesses in the interior perimembranous of stator core 17 across the stator 16 that the space of regulation is provided with rotor 1: a plurality of stator tooth 18, be wound on stator tooth 1
Not shown winding on 8, permanent magnet 3.On the direction of magnetization of permanent magnet 3, possesses electric-conductor 6, to produce the induction magnetic flux.
In the rotor of this permanent magnet formula magnetic resistance electric rotating machine; When that kind constitutes electric-conductor 6 shown in embodiment 1 to embodiment 6, can reduce the ohmic loss of electric-conductor 6, prevent the decline of motor efficiency; And suppress the heating that the ohmic loss because of electric-conductor 6 causes, and improve demagnetization endurance.
[symbol description]
1 rotor
2 rotor cores
3 permanent magnets
4 permanent magnet patchholes
5 demagnetizing fields
6 electric-conductors
61 axial components
62 radial components
63 magnet presser feets
7 axis holes
8 ribs
The magnetic flux that 9 vortex flows produce
10 protuberances
11 sheet metals are fixedly used screwed hole
12 electric-conductors are fixedly used screwed hole
13 nonmagnetic materials
14 rotor notches
Stub is used in 15 startups
16 stators
17 stator cores
18 stator tooths
19 rotor tooths
Claims (11)
1. permanent-magnet rotary electric machine, it has:
Stator with tooth of coiling stator winding;
Rotor with the magnetic that constitutes by rotor core;
At least one magnet insertion holes in said magnetic configuration; And
At least one permanent magnet of burying underground in this magnet insertion holes,
Constitute field pole through this permanent magnet,
It is characterized in that,
Between permanent magnet and said magnetic; With around and surround the mode of the permanent magnet circumferential lateral surface between the magnetic pole strength of the magnetic pole strength said permanent magnet be embedded in said magnetic, relative with the tooth of said stator and its opposition side; Be provided with electric-conductor, the axial component of said electric-conductor around direction per unit length resistance be different from electric-conductor radial component around direction per unit length resistance.
2. permanent-magnet rotary electric machine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
The said axial component of said electric-conductor has different areas of section with said radial component.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 permanent-magnet rotary electric machine is characterized in that,
When the per unit length resistance around direction that sets up electric-conductor in the radial part that is not embedded in said magnetic and non-conterminous at least one said electric-conductor separately is R1; When the per unit length resistance around direction that sets up electric-conductor separately in the axial part that is embedded in said magnetic and adjacent said electric-conductor was R2, R1＜R2 set up.
4. according to claim 1 or claim 2 permanent-magnet rotary electric machine is characterized in that,
The permanent magnet of each utmost point is divided into a plurality of on axial or circumferencial direction, and the circumferential lateral surface between the magnetic curved surface of said each permanent magnet is surrounded by said electric-conductor.
5. permanent-magnet rotary electric machine as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that,
Between the adjacent said permanent magnet that surrounds by electric-conductor, has the rib that constitutes by magnetic.
6. permanent-magnet rotary electric machine, it possesses:
Stator with tooth of coiling stator winding;
Be supported in interior all sides of stator and have the rotor of the magnetic that constitutes by rotor core;
The a plurality of notches that are provided with vertically at the magnetic peripheral part;
The conductivity rod of in notch, burying underground;
Make the conductivity end ring of conductivity rod conducting at axial end; And
At least one permanent magnet of burying underground in interior all sides of the said conductivity rod of said magnetic;
It is characterized in that,
Between between permanent magnet and the said magnetic and be provided with: around and surround the electric-conductor of the permanent magnet circumferential lateral surface between the magnetic pole strength of magnetic pole strength said permanent magnet, relative with the tooth of said stator and its opposition side,
The axial component of said electric-conductor around direction per unit length resistance be different from radial component around direction per unit length resistance.
7. permanent-magnet rotary electric machine as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that,
The said axial component of said electric-conductor has different areas of section with said radial component.
8. like claim 6 or 7 described permanent-magnet rotary electric machines, it is characterized in that,
When the per unit length resistance around direction that sets up said electric-conductor in the radial part that is not embedded in said magnetic and non-conterminous at least one said electric-conductor separately is R1; When the per unit length resistance around direction that sets up said electric-conductor separately in the axial part that is embedded in said magnetic and adjacent said electric-conductor was R2, R1＜R2 set up.
9. permanent-magnet rotary electric machine as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that,
The said permanent magnet of each utmost point is divided into a plurality of on the axial or circumferencial direction of said stator, and the circumferential lateral surface between the magnetic curved surface of said each permanent magnet is surrounded by said electric-conductor.
10. permanent-magnet rotary electric machine as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that,
Between the adjacent said permanent magnet that surrounds by electric-conductor, has the rib that constitutes by magnetic.
11. like claim 1 or 6 described permanent-magnet rotary electric machines, it is characterized in that,
In said electric-conductor; At the radial component that is not embedded in said magnetic and non-conterminous at least one said electric-conductor; At least a portion of said electric-conductor has with respect to said permanent magnet patchhole to axially outstanding protuberance, and the part of this protuberance is relative with the axial end of said magnetic.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011-039284 | 2011-02-25 | ||
| JP2011039284A JP5411883B2 (en) | 2011-02-25 | 2011-02-25 | Permanent magnet rotating machine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202586685U true CN202586685U (en) | 2012-12-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220028815 Expired - Lifetime CN202586685U (en) | 2011-02-25 | 2012-01-29 | A permanent magnet rotating machine |
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| JP (1) | JP5411883B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN202586685U (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105247764B (en) | 2013-06-12 | 2018-05-22 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Permanent magnetic baried type motor and compressor |
| US10819259B2 (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2020-10-27 | Ge Global Sourcing Llc | Permanent magnet based electric machine having enhanced torque |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2008125242A (en) * | 2006-11-13 | 2008-05-29 | Meidensha Corp | Permanent magnet type synchronous electric motor |
| JP5072734B2 (en) * | 2008-06-26 | 2012-11-14 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Permanent magnet type rotating electric machine and power steering device |
| JP5175704B2 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2013-04-03 | 株式会社東芝 | Permanent magnet rotating electric machine |
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2011
- 2011-02-25 JP JP2011039284A patent/JP5411883B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP5411883B2 (en) | 2014-02-12 |
| JP2012178902A (en) | 2012-09-13 |
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